جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "sensation seeking" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

internet addiction is a psychosocial disorder that has had a dramatic effect on the adolescent and young generation in expanding societies, and has important consequences such as emotional turmoil, emotion, aggression, psychosis, adverse interpersonal relationships. The present study aimed at the effectiveness of reality therapy based on the quality of life of adolescents with internet addiction on excitement and peer relationships.

Methods and Materials: 

In the qualitative stage, it was a phenomenological method, and 15 teenagers were selected and interviewed from among teenagers with Internet addiction under counseling in the counseling centers of Isfahan city. With Claizi's method, 9 main concepts and 33 secondary concepts were extracted and based on them, a reality therapy package based on quality of life was compiled. In the quantitative stage, it was a semi-experimental method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up period. 30 teenagers with internet addiction were selected by purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received reality therapy intervention based on quality of life during two months in ten sessions of 120 minutes. The questionnaires used included internet addiction, sensation seeking and relationships with peers.

The results of variance analysis with repeated measurements showed that reality therapy based on quality of life has a significant effect on excitement seeking and relationships with their peers in the post-test and follow-up stages (P<0.001).

The results showed that quality of life-based reality therapy intervention of adolescents with internet addiction using the principles of quality of life and the theory of choice theory can be used as an effective intervention to improve excitement and relationships with their peers

 Although several studies have been conducted on the relationship between personality traits and sports injuries, their relationship with the occurrence of sports injuries is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review study was to review the relationship between personality factors presented in Williams and Anderson’s stress sports injury model.

 The present study was a systematic review. Search for articles was conducted in the specialized databases “Embase,” “Medline,” “SPORTDiscus,” “Biomed Central,” “Web of Science,” and “PubMed” from inception until May 2021. The keywords “sports injury,” “sensation seeking,” “achievement motivation,” “locus of control,” “anxiety,” “personality traits,” and “hardiness” were used for the search.

 The literature search in different databases led to the extraction of 1283 articles. After duplicate removal, article screening, and full-text assessment, 28 articles were found that examined the association between personality traits and sports injuries. The study of the content of these articles showed a significant relationship between trait anxiety and the emergence of sports injuries. However, there are conflicting results regarding the relationship between locus of control and sensation seeking with the occurrence of sports injuries. Additionally, the number of studies on the relationship between hardiness and achievement motivation with sports injuries was limited.

 A review of previous studies suggests a significant relationship between competitive trait anxiety and sports injuries. Further studies are needed to draw better and stronger conclusions about the relationship between mental hardiness, locus of control, sensation seeking, and achievement motivation with sports injuries.

 Risky behaviors are among the factors that threaten the health of adolescents, which have significant effects on adolescents and society. The aim of this research is to determine the mediating role of cost-benefit estimation, future orientation in the relationship between sensation seeking and cognitive abilities with high-risk behaviors among adolescents in Shiraz.

 This correlational and structural equation modeling study was conducted with the participation of 500 male adolescent in Shiraz city with available sampling in 2023. The data were collected using questionnaires of cognitive abilities, future orientation, calculation, risky behavior and the short form of sensation seeking scale. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method and SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 26.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA) and AMOS-26 statistical software.

 With the increase in sensation seeking, risky behaviors increased (r=0.12). But with the increase of cognitive capabilities (r=-0.41), future orientation (r=-0.26) and cost-benefit estimation (r=-0.20), behaviors Risky decreased. Cognitive abilities have a direct, negative and significant effect on high-risk behaviors
(β=-0.501, P<0.001), while a positive and significant direct effect on cost-benefit estimation (β=0.260, P<0.001) and future orientation (β=-0.683, P<0.001). On the other hand, sensation seeking has a direct, positive and significant effect on risky behaviors (β=0.131, P<0.001) and cost-benefit estimation (β=0.397, P<0.001), while which has a significant and negative direct effect on future orientation (β=-0.084, P=0.023). Also, cost-benefit estimation (β=-0.169, P<0.001) and future orientation (β=-0.139, P=0.024) have a negative and significant direct effect on high-risk behaviors.

 The study showed that rising risky behaviors increased with the increase in sensation seeking. But with the increase of cognitive capabilities, future orientation and cost-benefit estimation, risky behaviors decreased. Sensationalism and cognitive abilities have a negative indirect effect on high-risk behaviors through cost-benefit estimation and future orientation. Therefore, the two variables of cost and benefit estimation and future orientation have a mediating role in the relationship between sensation seeking and cognitive abilities with risky behavior.

Internet addiction is a behavioral addiction in which a person becomes dependent on using the Internet or other online devices as an incompatible way to deal with life stressors, which has many consequences for the person. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of quality-of-life therapy on sensation seeking, risky behaviors and relationships with peers in adolescents with Internet addiction.

Methods and Materials: 

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with the control group. 30 teenagers with Internet addiction in Isfahan city in a targeted way according to the entrance criteria among teenagers who had Internet addiction; They were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The intervention experimental group received quality of life therapy. And the control group did not receive any treatment. The questionnaires includedKimberly -Young's Internet Addiction (1998),  Zuckerman's sensation seeking (1978), Zadeh Mohammadi's risky behaviors (2008) and relationships with peers by Razaghi et al. (2016). The data were analyzed through analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The findings showed that the therapeutic quality of life intervention had a significant effect on emotional seeking, risky behaviors and relationships with peers of the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up phase (P<0.001).

It can be said that the Therapeutic quality of life intervention intervention by using the principles and techniques of changing the conditions by changing the Therapeutic quality of life intervention can be used as an intervention to improve emotional seeking, risky behaviors and relationships with peers.

Drug abuse usually starts in adolescence; it is influenced by factors such as gender, age, psychological factors affecting sensation seeking and social communication. The COM-B model includes a full range of behavioral concepts and is suitable for intervention regarding substance abuse. This research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the impact of education on the prevention of substance abuse among students.

An experimental study with a randomized controlled trial type was carried out. Using cluster method, two clusters were randomly selected from trhe schools on the outskirts of the city; one school was determined as intervention, and the other as control with a sample size of 50 people in each group. With Zuckerman's sensation seeking questionnaire, students were examined, and those with a positive score were evaluated with the COM-B substance abuse tendency questionnaire. Educational interventions were implemented for the intervention group. After completion of the intervention and three later, this questionnaire was completed by both groups.

In the intervention group, the scores of physical capacity (p=0/001), mental capacity (p=0/001), reflective motivation (p<0/05), automatic motivation (p<0/05), and preventive behavior against substance abuse increased after the intervention (p<0/05), but no significant difference was observed in the opportunity score in the studied times. In the control group, there was no significant difference in the scores of any of the variables during the study.

The implementation of educational programs based on COM-B model is effective in reducing the tendency of students to abuse drugs.

it is necessary to pay attention to various factors affecting marital frustration in the counseling and treatment of couples with this disorder; therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the role of sexual diversity and thrill seeking in marital frustration.

The present study was a correlational descriptive study. The statistical population of the research included all married men in Tehran in 2020-2021, and 300 eligible people were selected as the research sample using available sampling method. Then they responded electronically to Aref Nazari et al.'s sexual diversity questionnaire, Arendt's excitement seeking and Niehuis and Bartel's marital frustration. Data analysis was done with Pearson correlation test and multiple regression using SPSS version 22.

The results showed that there was a direct and significant relationship between sexual diversity (r=0.616) and sensation seeking (r=0.505) with marital frustration (p<0.01) and sexual diversity and sensation seeking, 4.4 Marital frustration explains 39% of the variance.

Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that with the increase in sexual diversity and thrill seeking in married men, the level of marital frustration increases.

The aim of this study was to compare the level of risk-taking, sensation - seeking and impulsivity of girl and boy adolescents based on the level of influence of peers.

The method of the present research was of fundamental type according to the research objective and according to the method of data collection it was of descriptive type and causal-comparative research. In line with the purpose of the study, among all adolescents aged 18-14 years in Tabriz, a sample of 327 people was selected by available sampling method. To collect data used from Peer Influence Resistance Questionnaire (1), Iranian Adolescents Risk-Taking Scale (2), Arent Sensation–Seeking Scale (3) and Barat Impulsivity Questionnaire 11 th edition (4). Also, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software.

Data analysis using multivariate factor analysis of variance showed that the level of risk-taking of adolescents based on the influence of peers is higher than the peer resistance group. Also, the level of risk-taking of boys is higher than girls based on influence by peers. But there was no difference in the sensation-seeking and impulsivity of girl and boy adolescents based on the level of influence from peers.

Based on the findings of the present research, it can be concluded that peers have a high impact on risk-taking, excitement and impulsiveness of teenagers. Therefore, it is suggested to hold training classes for teenagers and their families about the importance of friendships during adolescence and the impact of friendship during this period on risky behaviors.

Various factors at the personality and psychological levels, such as feelings of inferiority, excitement seeking, and attachment styles separately and in interaction with each other, affect the relationship between couples and lead to an increase in their tendency towards marital infidelity. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on feelings of inferiority, sensation-seeking, and attachment styles of married women with experience of extramarital relationships.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. Its statistical population was made up of all the women of Mashhad who were involved in or had experience of extramarital relationships and who had a counseling case in Pidaish counseling centers of Mashhad; 40 women who met the conditions to enter the research were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental (20 people) and control (20 people) groups. The data collection tool was Hazen and Shaver's attachment style questionnaire (1986), Zuckerman's sensation seeking (1979) and Eysenck's inferiority complex (1988). The training group was given emotional therapy during 9 sessions, and the control group was not subjected to any intervention. Data analysis was done through univariate and multivariate covariance analysis using SPSS-22 software.

The findings showed that emotion-oriented therapy training is effective on sensation seeking, feelings of inferiority and on all three secure, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles (P=0.001).

The results showed the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on feelings of inferiority, sensation-seeking, and attachment styles of married women with experience of extramarital relationships. Therefore, therapists and psychologists can use this treatment method to improve psychological health, especially to reduce feelings of inferiority, sensation seeking, and to improve secure attachment styles

Establishing relationships outside the framework of marital life, also known as infidelity, is one reason for couples' problems, separation and divorce. The aim of this study was to determine the role of resilience, conflict resolution strategies and sensation seeking in predicting attitudes toward marital infidelity

The present study was descriptive-correlational. The study's statistical population consisted of all married female students of Islamic Azad University of Lahijan in the academic year of 2019-2019, 351 of who were selected by convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were attitude toward infidelity questionnaire, resilience questionnaire, conflict resolution strategies questionnaire and emotional seeking questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 22 and AMOS software version 22.

The mean (SD) age of participants was 31.4 (8.7). The results showed that the correlation coefficient between resilience and attitude toward marital infidelity was -0.46 and significant. That is, with increasing resilience with a mean (SD) of 55.4 (18.8), positive attitude to marital infidelity decreased by 37.1 (10.2) (P<0.01). The correlation coefficient between constructive conflict resolution strategies and attitude toward marital infidelity was -0.4 and significant. That is, by increasing constructive conflict resolution strategies with the mean (SD) 48.9 (15.2) positive attitude to marital infidelity decreased (P<0.01). The correlation coefficient between counterproductive conflict resolution strategies and sensation seeking with attitude toward marital infidelity was 0.48 and significant. That is, by increasing counterproductive conflict resolution strategies with a mean (SD) of 32.4 (11.3) and sensation seeking with a mean (SD) of 53.3 (15.1), positive attitude to marital infidelity increased (P<0.01). Regression analysis also showed that resilience, conflict resolution strategies, and sensation seeking predicted a result of 0.27, 0.30, and 0.24 of the variance of attitude toward marital infidelity.

It could be concluded that with increasing resilience and constructive conflict resolution strategies, a positive attitude to marital infidelity decreases. Also, by increasing counterproductive conflict resolution strategies and sensation seeking, a positive attitude to marital infidelity increases.

Sexual health is one of the main aspects of health that affects spouses at all stages of life.

The present study was investigate the relationship between sensation seeking and cognitive fusion with sexual health of married men.

The study was based on a descriptive correlational method. Statistical population consisted of all married men in Ardabil city in 2020. 110 men were selected as the statistical sample using the convenience sampling. For data collection the Sensation Seeking (Zuckerman, 1979), Cognitive Fusion (Gillanders, 2014) and Sexual Health (Manavi Pour, 2008) were used. Research data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using SPSS18 software.

The results showed a significant relationship between sensation seeking and cognitive fusion with sexual health in married men (P<0.05). Also, the results of multiple regression showed that sensation seeking and cognitive fusion can predict the sexual health of married men by 0.63 (P<0.05).

Married mens sexual health is predictable with sensation seeking and cognitive fusion. It is recommended to help married men to improve their sexual health by training in overcoming sensation seeking and cognitive fusion.

Marital conflicts are among the major problems in societies, which harm the structures of families and cause behavioral and psychological problems in children. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of marital conflict in the relationship between attachment styles, narcissism and sensation seeking, and marital burnout. 

A correlational method based on structural equation modeling was used in this research. The sample population was the couples that were married for 5 years, referring to consulting centers in the second and third quarters of 2018 to solve their marital conflicts. In total, 100 couples were selected through convenience sampling method. They completed the following questionnaires: 1) Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI–40, Ruskin and Terry, 1988), Ruskin and Hull developed the main version of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM–III). Moreover, it consists of 40 pairs and 7 items (authority, self–sufficiency, superiority seeking, self–display, exploitation, pride, & nicknaming); the obtained points of each person implicate the presence or lack of one of the attributes. The experimental studies have supported the reliability of it (Ruskin and Terry, 1988; Ackerman et al., 2011). 2) The Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ, Sanaei & Barati, 2000) that consists of 54 items and 7 subscales about decreased cooperation decreased sexual relationships, drawing more support from children, more personal relationships with kinsmen, reduced family relationships with the family of spouse and friends, less effective relation with the spouse, and the separation of financial matters from the spouse. The results of several studies have supported the validity and reliability of this scale (Zahed Babolan, Husseini Shurabeh, Piri, and Dehghan, 2015). 3) In the adult version of the Attachment Style Scale, (AAS–R, Collins & Reid,1990), Collins and Reid (1990) have emphasized the differentiation logic of Hazan and Shiver about attachment styles (secure, anxious, & avoidant children) described the discrimination of three attachment styles in the adult version; the sum of the scores of the subjects in each subscale is calculated in that subscale as their general score. Various studies have supported the technical aspects of the adult version (Collins and Reid, 1990; Pakdaman, 2011). 4) The Marital Burnout Questionnaire (MBQ, Paniz, 1996) includes 21 questions answered on a 7–point scale with three components of emotional tiredness, psychological tiredness, and physical tiredness. For explaining the obtained scores, the score of each participant is divided by the total number of questions of the tool (21 questions). The score of each dimension of burnout indicates an increased level of marital burnout. 5) Zuckermanchr('39')s Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS–1979) is a multidimensional tool, i.e., composed of 4 different aspects (subscales). These dimensions are thrill and adventure seeking, disinhibition, experience–seeking, and boredom susceptibility. Each subscale contains 10 items, making a total of 40 items. Every pair of items determines if a participant is a sensation seeker or not. The experimental studies have supported this scale’s reliability (Zuckerman 1994; Zuckerman 2007).

is the present study results suggested a significant relationship between secure attachment style (β=–0.17, p=0.027), avoidant attachment style (β=0.21, p=0.016), anxiety (β=0.48, p≤0.001), narcissism (β=0.30, p=0.008), sensation seeking (β=0.25, p=0.010), marital conflict (β=0.75, p≤0.001), and marital burnout. The fitness test of the structural equation model and the fitness of the final model revealed that the fitness indices were CFI=0.93, GFI=0.93, AGFI=0.90, and RMSEA=0.063, indicating a proper fit for the model and the relevant data.

According to the obtained data, it is necessary to provide educational workshops and interventions to reduce divorce and marital conflicts and to modify the confronting guidelines.

Alcohol addiction imposes heavy costs on health systems. Resilience is considered as a protective factor in the rate of alcohol consumption in sensation-seeking people. The purpose of this study was to determine how resilience mediates the relationship between sensation-seeking and alcohol consumption among people aged 24-40 years old in Tehran, Iran.

This descriptive study was conducted using a two-step cluster sampling in Tehran in 2017. 410 people aged 24 to 40 years old were selected through convenience sampling according to the entrance and exit criteria. The study assessments included Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Zuckerman’s Sensation- Seeking Scale (SSS), and Conner and Davidson’s Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), which were completed by the participants. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and structural equation modeling.

The findings showed that there was a significant positive correlation between alcohol use and sensation-seeking and there was a significant negative correlation between resiliency and alcohol use. Also a significant negative association was found between sensation-seeking and resiliency and all its components.

The results of this study showed that sensation-seeking and resilience affect the amount of alcohol use by people. Therefore, it is possible to control high sensation- seeking through increasing resilience, thereby prevent alcohol use among youth.