جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شیوع » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

the purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of burnout among medical interns of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 1400.

In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, all interns of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 1400 were investigated. Demographic information such as age, gender, marital status was asked and recorded. Then the name of the hospital, the number of working hours per week and the number of months since the beginning of the internship were asked. Next, the consumption of cigarettes and narcotics and the duration of consumption or the previous history of consumption were checked. Then, a questionnaire was presented in the field of factors affecting job burnout (MBI-HSS). This scale has 22 items and measures three areas of burnout (emotional burnout, depersonalization, and lack of Personal success).

In this study, 262 interns were examined, of which 144 people (55%) had emotional burnout, 65 people (24.8%) had depersonalization, and 160 people (61.1%) had no personal success. The mean burnout score was 62.96 ± 17.04 and 241 people (92%) had burnout in general. Women had more job burnout than men, but there was no significant relationship between job burnout and gender (p value>0.05). Also, severe burnout was more in singles, but burnout was not related to marital status (p value>0.05). There was no significant relationship between smoking and drug use and job burnout (p value>0.05), but this relationship was significant with alcohol use (p value=0.01).

the results of our study showed that burnout is a very common problem among interns. Risk factors such as being single, working long hours per week, drinking alcohol and to some extent smoking make this worse. In addition, job burnout has led to the neglect of personal life and success in it.

Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is the most common and costly complication among patients undergoing surgery, including neurosurgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with surgical site infection in neurosurgery of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan.

In this case-control study, out of 1350 cases of neurosurgery in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan, 30 patients had surgical site infection and were selected as the case group. Also, 90 patients without infection were selected as the control group. The required information was extracted from patients' files and analyzed by SPSS software version 22.

Out of 1350 cases of neurosurgery in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan, 30 people (2.2%) had infection at the operation site. Surgical infection was not significantly associated with gender, smoking, history of diabetes and type of surgery (p> 0.05) but was significantly associated with age and radiotherapy/chemotherapy, and was higher in older patient and patient with a history of radiotherapy/chemotherapy.

The frequency of infection at the surgery site was 2.2% and among the mentioned risk factors, age and radiotherapy/chemotherapy were the effective factors in the incidence of infection.

Suicidal thought is an important predictive factor for committing suicide. One of the causes of the death of pregnant women is attempting suicide, so identifying its risk factors can be effective on policies aimed at reducing this problem. Therefore, the present study was conducted with aim to investigate the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and the factors influencing it in pregnant women.

A cross-sectional study with a descriptive-analytical approach was conducted through a census in 2022 on 515 pregnant women under the care of 10 urban comprehensive health service centers in Aliabad Katoul city. The Persian version of Beck's Suicide Ideation Scale, the Persian version of the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire, and the HITS domestic violence screening form were the study tools. Using these instruments, the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and its relationship with mental health, physical health, domestic violence, sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression was examined. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 23) and included Spearman correlation, Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regressions. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.

The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 7.9%. The level of suicidal ideation of pregnant women was low. Mental health of pregnant women was in the category of morbid symptoms. Age less than 25 years old, unwanted pregnancy, pregnancy more than 4 times, childbirth more than 4 times, having 4 or more children and high risk behavior of the spouse showed a statistically significant relationship with suicidal ideation (p=0.05).

Considering the low mental health of pregnant women, there is a need for planning to carry out necessary interventions and continuous screenings of pregnant women in order to promote and ensure the mental health of pregnant women, especially women suffering from domestic violence.

Indirect methods for estimating hidden populations are essential. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of cigarette and waterpipe consumption in the Arak metropolis, Iran, directly and indirectly through network scale-up.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,604 participants. Daily and weekly cigarette and waterpipe consumption data were collected to measure the prevalence directly. The indirect network scale-up method was used to estimate the size of cigarette and hookah smokers. A confidence interval of 95% was considered.

About 49.9% of the participants were men. The average age of men was 39.8 and women 38.7 years. In the direct method, the prevalence of smoking at least one cigarette per day during the last year in women and men was 1.8% (1.0-3.0) and 38.3% (34.9-41.9), respectively. The prevalence of using waterpipe at least once a day during the last year was as much as 0.9% (0.03-1.8) and 4.1% (2.8-5.7) for women and men. In the indirect method of network scale-up during the last year, the prevalence of continuous smoking was 4.8% (4.3-5.0) in women and 19.7% (19.6-19.9) in men. The prevalence of waterpipe in women was calculated at 7.8% (7.8-8.0) and 9.8% (9.7-9.9) in men.

Based on the results, the prevalence of waterpipe and cigarette smoking was high in the Arak, especially among young people. It is suggested to the health system policymakers to pay attention to measures related to reducing the prevalence of these two risk factors, especially among young people, in their health plans.

Abuse of substances such as alcohol as a social issue affects the health of human life. In this study, we decided to address the prevalence of alcohol poisoning and its effective factors among patients referred to Amir Al-Momenin Hospital in Zabol.

In this cross-sectional study, 110 patients with alcohol poisoning who had referred to Amir Al-Momenin Hospital in Zabol in 2016-2019 participated. Necessary information was collected through a questionnaire. Finally, the obtained data were statistically analyzed by T-test, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.

In the present study, 110 patients with alcohol poisoning were included in the study, of which 91 (82.72%) had ethanol poisoning and 19 (17.27%) had methanol poisoning. The mean age of patients was 27.08 ±3.2 years and 95.45% of them were male. Unemployment and lack of entertainment, mental disorders, alcoholic friends, psychological dependence were the most common causes of alcohol consumption in patients. In this study, decreased level of consciousness (57.27%) and gastrointestinal complications (43.63%) were the most common symptoms of alcohol poisoning in the studied patients.

In the present study, male gender was significantly associated with alcohol poisoning (P). While the variables of age, sex and marital status were not significantly associated with the type of ethanol or methanol poisoning. The results of the study showed that male gender, social status and low education of parents, psychological problems and alcohol friends were risk factors and influential factors in alcohol poisoning

Intestinal helminth parasites in dogs, especially zoonotic parasites, are one of the health and economic problems of developing countries, including Iran. Toxocara canis is one of the zoonotic helminth parasites that causes serious damage to human health. According to the close relationship that humans have with dogs today, it is necessary to investigate worm parasites in these animals. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of intestinal helminth parasites in urban and domestic stray dogs with two modified methods of sedimentation and flotation in the central part of Mazandaran province.

The study was carried out in three regions of Mazandaran province (Sari, Qaemshahr, and Babolsar) in 2022. We examined fecal samples from 110 dogs, comprising 78 stray dogs and 32 home dogs, to determine the presence of intestinal helminth parasites. We utilized a customized concentrates technique that incorporated flotation and sedimentation. 4 cc of 10% formalin was added to the sample container for sampling. Stool samples weighing approximately 50 to 100 grams were collected using an applicator and transferred into labeled containers. In the flotation and sedimentation method, a sufficient amount of stool sample was poured into the test tube, and then 7 cc of physiological serum was added to it. After the sample is completely dissolved by the applicator, the solution is filtered to remove excess material and transferred to a new tube. The obtained solution is centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 3-5 minutes, then the upper liquid is separated. 7 cc of saturated zinc sulfate solution was added to it and centrifuged again at 1000 rpm for 2 minutes. The resulting sediment was examined with a light microscope with X10 and X40 magnification to identify parasite contamination. Traps were set in the shelters of stray dogs to collect feces samples directly from their rectums. Labeled containers with preservatives (10% formalin) were distributed to clinics and dog owners for collecting samples from domestic dogs. A questionnaire was designed to assess the gender and age of domestic dogs based on dental characteristics, location of residence, deworming practices, and knowledge of zoonotic intestinal parasite diseases in dogs among their owners. The experiment was conducted at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences and was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee under the reference number IR.MAZUMS.REC.1400.528.

Results indicated that 44 samples (40%) were contaminated with parasites, while 66 samples (60%) were free of worm infestation. The infected samples harbored parasite eggs including Hookworms, Toxocara, Taenia, and Dipylidium. The study found no significant difference in the distribution of helminth parasite infection among the three sampling areas in terms of the frequency of infected dogs. Further research in the field of parasite epidemiology and expanding the study to include more areas may help address this issue.

The research findings suggest that stray dogs are more significant in transmitting pollutants than domestic dogs. Urban stray dogs pose a potential public health danger because they are released post-treatment. Controlling and gathering these animals is crucial in managing parasite diseases that can be passed on to humans.

Headache is one of the most common patient complaints which makes it difficult for sufferers to concentrate at work and during other daily activities. Given the importance of this condition, the present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of chronic headache and its related factors in the Shahrekord cohort study population.

This cross-sectional study included 594 patients with headache (the case group) and 594 age- and gender-matched people without headache (the control group). Patient information was collected using a checklist and analyzed by Stata statistical software.

The results of the study showed that the prevalence of chronic headache was 5.9%, which was 2.6% in men and 8.8% in women (P<0.001). The prevalence of headache in city residents was 6.4% higher from that in rural areas (4.7%), and it had the highest prevalence among illiterate people (7.3%) (P=0.061). As far as underlying diseases were concerned, the prevalence of chronic headache was 0.1% in patients with diabetes, 7.7% in patients with hypertension, 1.8% in patients with ischemic heart disease, and 15% in patients with depression.

In the present study, the prevalence of headache was higher in women, city residents, unemployed people, smokers, and people who consumed drugs and alcohol. Also, the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and depression was higher in patients with headache. These findings reflect the importance of the effects of headache and the need to devise strategies for the treatment and prevention of headache.

Sexually transmitted infections are generally transmitted through sexual contact and are one of the diseases that have reached a high prevalence in the world today. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the clinical prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases and related factors in women's offices and clinics in Zahedan in 2023.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 1500 women referring to women's offices and clinics in Zahedan city in 2023 were selected. A simple and accessible sampling method was used to select the participants. The data was collected through a checklist. The results will be analyzed using STATA14 software with a significance level of 0.05.

In this research, the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases is 20.4% in women of Zahedan City, so the prevalence rate of trichomoniasis is 7.2%, chlamydiasis is 4.1%, gonorrhea is 2.1%, syphilis is 0.7%. Genital warts are 3.8%, and genital herpes is 2.5%. that the variables of job, spouse's remarriage, spouse's foreign travel, number of marriages, history of sexually transmitted diseases, and being a smoker had a significant relationship with sexually transmitted diseases.

In general, the clinical prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases was higher than expected. It seems that the prevalence of these diseases is increasing, especially in newer cohorts, and it is recommended that people at risk be periodically screened for this disease.

Pelvic floor disorders are one of the most common morbidities in women, which have negative consequences on women's daily life. Since the total prevalence of this disorder among Iranian′s women has not been reported by appropriate tools, this study was conducted with aim to determine the prevalence of pelvic floor disorder and its risk factors.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021-2022 on 400 non-pregnant women of reproductive age referring to Tabriz health centers. Data related to pelvic floor disorders were collected through the Australian Pelvic Floor Questionnaire and the Sociodemographic and Obstetric Characteristics Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 26) and Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. P<0.05 was considered significant.

In this study, 264 participants (66.0%) had pelvic floor disorder.  Also, 191 participants (47.8%) had urinary incontinence, 235 (58.8%) had fecal incontinence, 52 (13.0%) had pelvic organ prolapse, and 271 (67.8%) had sexual dysfunction. The odds of pelvic floor disorder was lower in women with primary education (odds ratio (OR): 0.46; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.24 to 0.86; P=0.016) and women who exercised (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.86; P=0.009). History of vaginal delivery (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.41 to 3.96; P=0.001) and having constipation (OR: 3.37; 95% CI: 1.62 to 7.00; P<0.001) significantly increased the odds of pelvic floor disorders.

Pelvic floor disorders were common among participated women. The results of the study highlight specific risk factors in the management and prevention of pelvic floor disorders. Therefore, screening and preventive measures are suggested by health workers considering its risk factors.

 Opportunistic pathogens such as Cryptosporidium, Isospora belli, Blastocystis, etc. cause various gastrointestinal and non-digestive diseases in people with HIV. These symptoms are especially severe in people with HIV who have a CD4 count of less than 200. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of parasitic infections in people living with HIV in Tabriz.

 This cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed on137 people with HIV referred to Behavioral Disease Counseling Centers in Tabriz, 2019-2021. Then, after receiving written consent, fecal samples were collected and evaluated for the detection of parasitic infections using direct methods, Ziehl-Neelsen and Trichrome Weber stain.

 A total of 137 stool samples were collected, including 93 males and 44 females. Most of them were in the age range of 20-60 years. The overall frequency of parasitic infections was 57.7% and the highest prevalence was related to Blastocystis 24.1% and Cryptosporidium 14.6%.

 Due to the relatively high prevalence of parasitic infections, especially Blastocystis and Cryptosporidium in people with HIV in Tabriz, which can endanger the health of these patients, essential interventions, including personal hygiene training to control and prevent infection with these pathogens, seem to be necessary.

Facial fractures in children are unusual injuries that make up to 15% of facial fractures. Although maxillofacial trauma is more common in children than in adults, the incidence of facial fractures is lower. Epidemiology and etiology of facial fractures vary from country to country, and depend largely on economic group, culture, and geographical area. Maxillofacial fractures are the most common type of facial fractures.

This 5-year (2014-2019) retrospective observational-descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed among pediatric patients (1 to 12 years old) referring to the maxillofacial surgery department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz (due to trauma and jaw fracture). The indicators included age, sex, time, cause of fracture, fracture position, type of fracture, and existence of accompanying fracture.

Based on the results obtained in this study, 32.7% of the participants were girls and 67.3% were boys. The most common causes of jaw fractures were MVA (63.4%) and falling (25%). The highest frequency of jaw fracture due to trauma (17.3%) was at the age of 12 years followed by the ages of 9 and 10 years (15.4%). The highest rate of jaw fracture due to trauma in children (1 to 12 years) was in summer (32.7%). The results of this study show that the most common type of fractures was in the mandible (87.5%) which was more reported in males. The most common treatments used were close reduction (67.3%) and ORIF (26.9%).

The results of this study show that the most common type of fractures are in the mandible and more in men. The highest rate of fractures was reported between the ages of 8 to 12 years. This study showed that the highest percentages of the cause of jaw fractures were MVA and falling, respectively. Also, the highest percentage of hydrotherapy methods used were close reduction and ORIF.

Chronic diseases affect the lives of patients and caregivers. Caregivers of patients with chronic and progressive diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), experience significant mental pressure, which can make them impatient and psychologically exhausted. Therefore, it is observed that they choose to use violence in interacting with these patients. The present research aimed to investigate the level and types of violence in dealing with MS patients by caregivers and the consequences of these behaviors. The present study was a systematic review based on the guidelines of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) used to examine the evidence related to this field. The search was performed in April 2023 in the Google Scholar, Islamic World Science Citation Database (ISC), PubMed, and Web of Science (WOS) databases. The search terms included violence, abuse, MS, and multiple sclerosis, along with their synonyms. After searching the mentioned databases, 51, 144, 185, and 37 articles were extracted from WOS, PubMed, ISC, and Google Scholar, respectively. There were a total number of 417 articles, 117 of which were removed due to duplication, and 289 articles were excluded from the study due to unrelatedness. Consequently, 11 articles were evaluated. Most studies showed that the prevalence of experiencing violence in MS patients is high. The violence experienced included sexual (20%), physical (33.6%), financial (63%), psychological (53.1%), and economic (63%). Age, low education, financial dependence, and worsening of illness and disability lead to higher levels of violence. Victims who experience violence often suffer from psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression.

 Domestic violence occurs in different ways in families. Parent abuse is a type of psychological, physical, or financial violence practiced by children against their parents. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of parent abuse in high school boy students during the coronavirus pandemic.

The research method was descriptive-cross-sectional. The statistical population was all mothers of high school boy students in Khuzestan, Iran, in the academic year 2020-2021, of which 676 were selected by multistage cluster sampling. In this study, the Parent Abuse Scale (boy version) and demographic inventory were used. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and percentage) and t-test using SPSS software (version 22).

The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of physical abuse is 6.2%, emotional abuse 5%, financial abuse 11.4% and parental abuse in Corona epidemics is 4.1%. In addition, the findings of this study compared to the studies before the Corona outbreak showed that the prevalence of parental abuse of high school boy students in Khuzestan province was lower in the context of the coronavirus epidemic.

Despite the fact that the number of parental abuses in Iranian society is significant, the rate of parental abuse in high school boy students during the Coronavirus in Khuzestan showed no increase. It is suggested to investigate strategies that have created and maintained positive interactions in the family.

 Musculoskeletal abnormalities are still an important problem in many workplaces and health care center employees. The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate musculoskeletal abnormalities and occupational risk factors among medical staff in Iran.

 In this systematic review of eligible studies from national and international databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, Magiran and IranMedex from 1390 to 1400 based on the preferred reporting cases of the Guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) as It was independently extracted by two researchers. MeSH keywords and phrases were used to implement the search strategy.

 Among 360 articles, the full text of 24 articles was finally examined. The results of the study showed that the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal abnormalities and employee complaints in the last 12 months is related to neck pain (46.01%). Also, among the 24 identified occupational risk factors, standing for a long time (20.83%) and repetitive movements (16.66%) are the most important factors in the occurrence of physical disorders in the treatment staff.

 The findings of this research can play a significant role in empowering and upgrading the country's health system in terms of individual, managerial and organizational policies in health centers. Therefore, the physical needs, psychological and ergonomic pressures of the work environment and the health of the treatment staff can be improved.

The prevalence and patterns of antibiotic resistance among bacterial agents causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) can vary over time and across different geographical regions. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial agents isolated from urine cultures of outpatients referred to the Reference Laboratory in Kashan, Iran, during 2021-2022.

This cross-sectional study analyzed 7365 urine culture samples collected from patients referred to the Reference Laboratory in Kashan, Iran, between April 2021 and March 2022. Urine samples were obtained using the mid-stream method under sterile conditions and cultured on MacConkey agar, blood agar, and specific bacterial media. The identified organisms were tested for antibiotic resistance using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar medium following the guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (CLSI 2020).

Among the 7365 patients with urine cultures, 401 individuals (5.4%) had positive culture results, with a predominance of women (88.8%). Escherichia coli (62.5%) and Klebsiella (24.6%) were the most frequently isolated organisms. Escherichia coli exhibited the highest resistance rates to cefazolin (54.7%), cotrimoxazole (51%), and ciprofloxacin (41%), while showing the lowest resistance to imipenem and nitrofurantoin (4.4%). Klebsiella showed the highest resistance to cefazolin (58.3%) and cotrimoxazole (41.4%), with the lowest resistance to imipenem (7.1%). Gram-positive bacteria demonstrated the highest resistance to clindamycin (71.4%) and cotrimoxazole (57.9%), while displaying the lowest resistance to gentamicin (14.7%) and nitrofurantoin (17.5%).

Escherichia coli and Klebsiella were the predominant causative agents of UTIs, exhibiting similar antibiotic resistance patterns. Empirical antibiotic treatment based on these results may be considered before obtaining culture results.

Tuberculosis is one of the oldest and best-known diseases that has been with mankind for many years. Despite the reduction of infectious diseases in Iran, tuberculosis still remains in some parts of the country, especially in the south of Iran. The aim of this study was the epidemiological investigation of tuberculosis in Sistan and Baluchistan Province.

The current research was conducted cross-sectionally in 2022. The study population included all the patients with tuberculosis in Sistan and Baluchistan Province. Data were collected by census method and using standard checklist. Data analysis was done using SPSS v16 software and descriptive and analytical tests.

In this study, the files of 5382 patients with tuberculosis in Sistan and Baluchistan Province were examined. 2489 patients (42.6%) were men. The most affected group were 2309 elderly people (39.5%) and 20 patients (0.34%) with HIV. The number of 4309 patients (73.8%) were suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. There was a significant relationship between the elderly age group (P=0.04), female gender (P=0.02), non-Iranian nationality (P=0.02), and urban residences (P=0.03) with tuberculosis. However, no significant relationship was observed between marital status (P=0.06) and prison history (P=0.07).

The incidence of tuberculosis fluctuated during the five years, but the overall incidence has been decreasing. Considering that some factors such as age groups, gender and symptoms such as cough, weight loss and chest pain increase the chance of contracting the disease. Therefore, doctors of health centers can take an important step in reducing the incidence of tuberculosis with timely visits and regular monitoring of the treatment process of patients.

Postpartum depression is common in women. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating and comparing the prevalence and factors affecting symptoms of postpartum depression in 6 months before and after the beginning of the covid-19 pandemic.

This cross-sectional study compared symptoms of postpartum depression in 39724 women who gave birth 6 months before the COVID-19 pandemic and 6100 women who gave birth after the COVID-19 pandemic. The information related to the symptoms of postpartum depression was extracted from mental health screening records that are commonly used in health centers covered by the Ministry of Health. General information was obtained from the National Integrated Health System of the Ministry of Health and the data were analyzed in SPSS 22 software.

The prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms 6 months before and 6 months after the COVID-19 pandemic was 1.9% and 2.6%, respectively. Symptoms of Postpartum depression 6 months before the COVID-19 pandemic significantly was associated with age, body mass index, history of infant death, unwanted pregnancy, the number of births (P<0.05), while symptoms of postpartum depression 6 months after the COVID-19 significantly was associated with education, unwanted pregnancy, the number of births (P<0.05). Based on multiple logistic regression analysis, the COVID-19 pandemic increased symptoms of postpartum depression [(OR=1.49, 95% CI: (1.12– 1.83)].

The COVID-19 pandemic influenced postpartum depression. The findings from the current study might be helpful in postpartum depressive symptoms management in the future crises.

  Vesiculobullous diseases (VBDs) are a category of disorders resulting from the production of antibodies against the connection of epithelial cells to each other and the underlying connective tissues. The prevalence of these diseases in individuals under 18 years old is significantly lower than in adults, and limited studies have specifically addressed the frequency of these lesions in this age group. This study aims to assess the prevalence of VBDs in patients under the age of 18 at Shahid Beheshti Dental School and Razi Hospital in Tehran from 2010 to 2020 based on age, gender, location of involvement, clinical diagnosis, and histopathology.

 A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed based on the available data in the archives of Shahid Beheshti Dental School and Razi Hospital from 2010 to 2020.

 A total of 2021 cases of VBD were identified, with 29 cases (1.45%) observed in individuals under the age of 18. Lesions showed a slight preference for females, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.23. Adolescents (13-18 years old) were the most affected age group (51.72%). The combination of lesions on the trunk and oral cavity was the most common combination observed in this study (44.82%). Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) (27.58%) was the most prevalent type of VBD, followed by erythema multiforme (EM) (24.13%), epidermolysis bullosa (EB) (20.68%), and bullous pemphigoid (BP) (17.23%).

 In summary, PV was the most common type of VBD in our study region, predominantly affecting females. EM and EB had the highest frequencies, with EB being the most common lesion in the birth to 5 years age group. BP had a lower prevalence in these age groups compared to the general population.