جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Anthropometry » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Knee joint disorders are divided into two general categories of traumatic and non-traumatic injuries, including skeletal deformities such as genu valgum (knocked knee) and genu varum (bowed legs). Genu valgum and genu varum are two of the most common deformities of the knee joint. These deformities can directly affect the quality of people's social lives. Considering the importance of determining its rate in the youth community, this study aims to determine the relationship between genu valgum and genu varum with anthropometric indices in elementary school students of Dezful City in 2022.

The current research was cross-sectional-analytical, which was conducted in 2022 at the level of elementary schools in Dezful City on 400 students of girls' and boys' schools between 7 and 11 years old. Patient demographic information, including age, gender, height, weight, family history, and hip joint width, was gathered using a questionnaire. To evaluate the deformation of the lower limb, the participants must stand in a way that the knee is in full extension and the ankles of both legs should be close together so that the patella bones on both sides are facing forward. In this position, deformation of the knee joint (genu valgum and genu varum) was determined by measuring the distances between the medial condyles of the femur and the medial malleolus of the ankle, and its relationship with demographic information was evaluated.

The frequency distribution showed that 2.5% of the studied subjects had genu valgum, and 11.5% of them did not have genu varum. These results showed the existence of skeletal disorders in knee joints at the rate of 14% in the studied population. Also, the results of this study showed that only 2.2% of the studied population had a family history of musculoskeletal disorders such as genu valgum and genu varum, and 97.5% of them had no family history, which indicated the absence of a significant relationship between the occurrence of disorders and family history (P=0.187). Results showed that there was a significant relationship between the average age and the observation of genu varum and genu valgum disorder (P<0.001). Also, a significant relationship was observed between height and weight and genu varum and genu valgum (P=0.001). It is noteworthy that a significant relationship was observed between the width of the hip joint with these abnormalities (P<0.05).

Although the rate of disorders in the sample population was not very impressive, investigations in this study have confirmed a significant relationship between demographic indicators and knee joint disorders. The existence of a relationship between height, weight, age, and other important anatomical indicators, such as the distance between the hip joint and genu varum and genu valgum, probably indicates the increasing trend of observing these disorders in society with growth and changes in the skeletal framework, which requires further evaluation. The findings of this research can be utilized by health policy institutions to mitigate the prevalence of this condition, particularly among the younger population, through implementing suitable plans and strategies.

This report was a part of the National Food and Nutrition Surveillance Program, analyzing anthropometric statuses of children aged 24–60 m in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran, as well as their associated demographic and socioeconomic determinants, 1401.

A total of 280 children aged 24–60 m were included in the study via multi-stage cluster random sampling proportional to cluster size method. Data on socioeconomic status of the household and demographic characteristics of the children were collected by health workers using face-to-face interviews with the mother/caregiver of the children. Necessary training to carry out anthropometric measurements was provided to the health workers through several workshops and webinars. Descriptive and analytical analyses were carried out using STATA v.17.0 (Stata, College Station TX, USA).

  The mean age of the studied children was 41.9 m ±0.6 with similar gender distribution (141 girls and 142 boys). Analyses showed that socioeconomic status was the most important determinant of stunting and underweight in children aged 24–60 m in Sistan and Baluchestan Province. Chances of being stunt and underweight in children, who were living in higher socioeconomic status, were respectively 60 and 80% lower than children whose families were in lower socioeconomic statuses.

Evidence indicate need of rapid intervention, including enhancement of access and purchasing power of the households living in the province and possibly  other deprived provinces of the country.

Craniometric differences have been demonstrated in different population and ethics under pathologic and normal situations. Using the medical images such as computer tomography is an accurate method for anthropometry of the skull and face. Anthropometric data are used in medicine in the screening, diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of diseases. The aim of the present study was to perform anthropometric measurements in order to determine the craniometric indices of the base of the skull in both males and females in Ilam.

In this study, 200 head CT scan images (100 men and 100 women, 35 to 50 years old) were collected from the PACS system of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ilam. Anthropometric measurements including four linear measurements and three angular measurements were performed on these images. Cranial index was also calculated. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22 software using a p-value less than 0.05. 

A significant difference was observed in all linear measurements between males and females (p=0.0). In the angular measurements, on the other hand, only one angle showed a significant difference between males and females (p<0.05). Also, the the cranial index did not show a significant difference between two genders (p>0.05). In addition, categorization of the skulls based on the cranial index showed that 71% of people were mesocephalic, 17% were brachycephalic and 12% were dolichocephalic.

The present study recorded some useful data about the anthropometric ind of the skull in Ilam population, which can be used in research and clinic.

With respect to importance of anthropometric parameter recognition in medicine, dentistry, archeology studies and industry in different races, and the other hand need of these studies in the different regions of the country, present study with aim of craniofacial parameters determination in Kashanian young people and evaluation of its relation with gender was designed.

Four hundred and twenty-five health young people (250 males and 202 females) which ranged in age from 20 to 35 years were studied. Digital sliding caliper for anthropometric parameters of face and plastic ruler for skull circumference, face breath, and distance between two mandibles did measurements of twenty skull parameters.

According to anthropometry, the skull of a male is larger and higher than that of a female. All of twenty landmarks in craniofacial region in male significantly higher than female. Sex dimorphism ratio in 20 cranial parameters showed greater values in male than female. Cephalic indexes were 78.46 in male and 77.11 in female.

Skull parameters are evidences for distinguish gender in the central region of Iran population. All of anthropometric parameters in males are larger than females. Type of head shape in this study was mesocephalic head. The results of the present study can be used as a forensic tool for identification of unknown crania.

Nutrition recommender systems are one of the most prominent technologies in the field of nutrition informatics that help users to have a healthy diet. These systems are able to suggest the most appropriate foods and meal plans considering the child's physical condition. Considering that children are the most vulnerable age group, one of the most important health goals in the early years of a child's life is achieving balanced and correct nutrition, and as a result this study was conducted with the aim of designing, creating and evaluating a children's nutrition recommendation system.

This research was conducted in 2022 in three stages to assess the needs of the informational elements of the nutrition recommender application. First, in order to determine data capabilities of the program, data needs analysis has been done. In the following, based on the needs assessment, the application was designed and its final version was created. The application was created in the Android Studio environment and then its technical applicability was done using the Nielsen questionnaire by 5 medical informatics and health information management experts.

The required information capabilities of the program were determined and after the statistical analysis of the questionnaire, most of the items raised in it were deemed necessary by the experts participating in the research with a high percentage (90%) and were included in the application program. Then the design and creation of the nutrition recommender application for children 1 to 5 years old was done in the Android Studio programming environment. Finally, the use of Nielsen's exploratory evaluation questionnaire and its technical applicability were evaluated by experts. The average severity of the problems related to Nielsen's ten principles was 1.3, which is classified as minor problems.

Using the nutrition recommender application will be a useful solution to increase parents' awareness of the child's growth status in terms of age, height and head circumference. This program has improved nutritional health, improved mental health, and better growth of children and will play a significant role in preventing the occurrence of diseases by using appropriate nutritional recommendations.

Nutritional knowledge can affect food choices and, as a result, sports performance. The study of nutritional knowledge, attitude, and performance in athletes can play a fundamental role in choosing the type of training and adapting suitable dietary interventions. This study was done to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and nutritional performance of male bodybuilding athletes in Gorgan, Iran.

This descriptive-analytical study was done on 104 male bodybuilding athletes over 18 years old with a history of at least three months of continuous bodybuilding who were randomly selected from 13 bodybuilding clubs in Gorgan, Iran during 2020. Parmenter and Wardle’s standard questionnaire measured athletes’ nutritional knowledge, attitude, and performance. The questionnaire was completed by the athletes with the guidance of the researcher. A trained nutritionist collected anthropometric and body composition data using an Omron BF511 device.

Poor nutritional knowledge, poor dietary attitude and poor nutritional performance was observed in 67.3%, 33.65% and 77.88% of the athletes respectively. A significant correlation was observed between nutritional knowledge with weight (r=0.23, P=0.02), BMI (r=0.27, P=0.01), and body fat percentage (r=0.22, P=0.02). Also A significant correlation was determined between nutritional performance with body weight (r=0.31, P<0.001), BMI (r=0.27, P<0.001), exercise time per week (r=0.22, P=0.02), and exercise timespan (r=0.32, P<0.001).

The level of knowledge, attitude, and nutritional performance of bodybuilding athletes was weak.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) induced by work are common in laboratory jobs. One of the most important reasons for disorders is the lack of personal fit with a workstation. This study aims to evaluate the body posture of experts in scientific-research labs and explore their anthropometric fitness with workstations on the campus of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences in 2022.

To investigate the MSD prevalence associated with the work, it was used the Nordic questionnaire and, for evaluating the posture, the Novel Ergonomic Postural Assessment (NERPA) technique. Then, to check the compatibility of laboratory personnel with the workstations, some interventions were proposed to improve them.

According to the findings, the highest amount of prevalence of pain over the past year was in the neck area, 68.7%, and waist area, 59.37%, respectively. To assess the body posture using the NERPA technique, the middle level of corrective actions as well as more research was required. Also, the highest score of the risk, i.e. 40.62%, was allowed to the neck. In most activities, there was not any match between the dimensions of the personal body and the workstation.

The results indicated that the prevalence of MSD symptoms is high among the experts in research laboratories, and the risk levels of ergonomic assessment are in the middle. It seems that the lack of anthropometric matches with the workstation generally has led to adverse work posture and thus, the prevalence of MSD disorders. So, providing anthropometric matches between people who work in research laboratories and their workstations is essential to reducing these disorders.

Anthropometry is a method that be used in medicine and industry by measuring the dimensions of the human body in different populations. The 2D:4D digit ratio can be a biomarker related to some diseases in people. In some of studies have reported a significant difference between 2D:4D in sick and healthy groups. Deafness is the most common sensory defect in human societies. The aim of the present study is to easily use the measurable characteristics of the hand for the early recognition of deafness.

In this observational analytical study, 120 genetically deaf girls and 200 healthy girls aged 7 to 11 in 4 age groups living in Mashhad city were investigated. The length of index and ring fingers on the inner surface of both hands was measured by digital calipers and the 2D and 4D growth pattern and 2D:4D ratio in healthy and deaf girls between left and right hands were processed with Excel and SPSS software.

The evaluation of the 2D and 4D finger growth pattern in healthy and deaf girls showed the presence of symmetry in these two groups (except for the age group of 8-9 years), also the 2D:4D ratio in the left hand of healthy people compared to the left hand of deaf people in the group The age of 9-10 years and in the right hand of healthy people compared to the right hand of deaf people in the age groups of 7-8 years and 8-9 years showed a significant difference in the error level of 0.05.

It seems that by extending similar studies, anthropometric body measurements can be used as appropriate pre-knowledge in identifying the identity of related disorders.

Malnutrition is prevalent among patients undergoing hemodialysis, and a significant number of these people suffer from symptoms of malnutrition. Nevertheless, there are limited data regarding malnutrition based on the anthropometric assessment among these patients in Isfahan, Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition based on anthropometric indicators in patients undergoing hemodialysis in Isfahan City.

The present descriptive multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 hemodialysis patients in Hojjatieh, Farabi, Zahraye Marzieh, Shariati, and Amin hospitals in Isfahan City in 2021. The weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and mid-arm muscle circumference of the patients who met the inclusion criteria were measured. Cut-off point for malnutrition index was determined based on previous studies conducted in Iran. The independent t-test was used to compare the mean difference of the studied indexes in two groups of men and women.

More than half of male subjects had low body mass index (BMI) (58.9%) and mid-arm muscle circumference (53%). In addition, the prevalence of low BMI (73.3%), WC (52%), and mid-arm muscle circumference (73%) was more than 50% among women.

A significant percentage of patients included in this study had an unfavorable nutritional status based on the anthropometric assessment. Therefore, regular nutritional assessment and taking necessary actions to prevent or treat malnutrition is necessary in hemodialysis patients.