The need for geographical proximity for entrepreneurial marketing in start-ups in the classical and modern economy has been emphasized. Classical economics focuses solely on centralized industries and corporations, as well as reducing costs and purely scale, and modern economics with an emphasis on the benefits of other corporate magazines such as knowledge overflows, the need for media design and other tools for coexistence. Use them. In a geographical proximity structure, teams, technology cores, start-ups and industrial companies are located side by side. Start-ups and innovators in these structures, affecting the shared infrastructure by reducing overlap synergy. Knowledge and technology benefit. In this paper, the beginning of geographical mechanics in innovative start-up companies is expressed from the perspective of various theories and then the text is influenced and based on the license of geographical mechanics, including distributor, entrepreneurial retrieval in start-ups and innovative companies. , Proportional to the life span of companies, has been reviewed and compared

Bahrain has long been the destination of many Iranian immigrants, including Bushehri immigrants due to its geographical proximity and cultural commonalities with the northern shores of the Persian Gulf, especially Bushehr port. These immigrants were always considered as one of the most effective social groups in Bahrain due to their significant population. A clear example of these immigrants is the Bushehri family. Since emigration in 1860 up to now, this family has played a significant role in various areas of Bahrain society and is considered as one of the most effective families in this country. This study seeks to consider various reasons of Bushehri people migration to Bahrain and the role of these immigrants in the developments of Bahrain society, relying on the role and the position of the Bushehri family in that country during the last two centuries (especially before the independence of this country) by taking analytical view to the library, internet, and field researches. Results indicate that in the 19th and 20th centuries factors such as the geographical proximity of Bushehr to Bahrain, the appropriate economic status of Bahrain in the Persian Gulf, and the cultural and religious similarities of these two lands, have caused the migration of many Bushehri people to Bahrain. The significant population and economic ability of these immigrants have made them important and influential social groups in various areas of Bahrain society.

Qorveh destrict of Kurdistan in the South East contains many Parthian relics due to its geographical location and certain environmental conditions and geographical proximity with important Parthian settlements in west and north-west of Iran. During the field studies conducted mostly in the so called areas, it was discovered that Parthian regions are remnants of small settlements. According to the description, this article is to help increase our knowledge about the cultural condition of the site in Achaemenid period, based on the description, classification and typology of the obtained pottery from this area. According to studies, Parthian pottery of this region includes pottery with cordage motif, piteous and one of the Parthian typical pottery or Clinky - common forms of these potteries - include bowls, cups, jugs and jars, pots and small pots. The pottery decoration techniques generally include carved images with wavy and parallel lines, and a unique inlay working technique. Bsed on the the results of these studies, it can be said that Parthian pottery of Qorveh is very similar to samples of Bistoon, Noushijan, Qale-e-Zahak , Qale Yazgerd , Khorhe, Kangavar, Asadabad, Paveh ,Marivan, Salas-e-Babajani, despite having some local characteristics. 

The widespread activities of the ISIS terrorist group in Iraq and Syria during 2018-2014 met with different reactions. The main purpose of this article is to study Iran's foreign policy towards ISIL in the form of a descriptive-analytical method and in the framework of the theory of threat balance. This raises the main question of what is the approach of Iran's foreign policy towards the ISIS group and what are the solutions and challenges. The findings of this study indicate that Iran's foreign policy towards ISIL is generally shaped by Iran's perception of the ISIL threat. Iran's perception of the ISIS threat has four main indicators: total power, geographical proximity, offensive power and offensive intentions. In this regard, Iran's foreign policy against ISIS has taken a security-oriented form, which has several features such as the active presence of military institutions in foreign policy and the emphasis on deterrence. At the same time, Iran's foreign policy toward ISIS faces challenges, including the internal problems and social divisions of the countries involved, the sabotage of regional actors, and the US strategy of creating proxy wars and coalitions against terrorism.