مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
سال شصت و چهارم شماره 6 (پیاپی 180، بهمن و اسفند 1400)

Today, marriage has become a relationship more than ever, the reason for its emergence and continuation is the feeling of special emotional satisfaction that results from the art of coexistence and close communication with the desired spouse. The purpose of this research was to investigate the factors affecting the divorce process based on Mark Knapp's theory. The research was carried out with a qualitative approach, grounded theory method and the use of a process, and data analysis was carried out using the basic coding method of Strauss and Corbin. The technique of data collection is a semi-structured in-depth interview that was done individually. The duration of the sessions is 1-2 hours and the number of participants is 12 divorced women who had experienced romantic marriage. The number of concepts formed is 70 and the number of categories created is 7. Purposive sampling method was used to select the participants. The results show that the divorce among the participants has started from the stage of building a relationship, reached the peak stage, and then moved towards separation. These ten stages include the five stages of connection: the stage of beginning, testing, locking and bonding, tightening, completing and making a contract, and the other five stages of the category of separation, which include: differentiation, limiting, becoming soulless and stopping the relationship. , avoiding each other and separation. It seems that divorce in marriages based on love is a complex process and does not happen all at once.

The couples' sense of happiness is one of the most important factors that is the prelude to the education of the next generation, the psychological well-being of couples and the independence of individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship and prediction of couple's happiness based on differentiation and initial thematic relationships.

In terms of purpose, it was practical and in terms of data collection method was type 2. The statistical population of the study consisted of couples who lived together for 10 years living under one roof in Tehran. 150 couples (300 people) were selected by convenience sampling method according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria., 1995) and feelings of happiness (Lentz, 2010) responded. Findings were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression tests.

Pearson's results showed that there was a significant relationship between couple's happiness with their differentiation and their initial thematic relationships (p≤0.001). The results of regression also showed that self-differentiation and initial thematic relationships predicted couple happiness by 69% and 74%, respectively.

Based on their differentiation and initial thematic relationships, one can directly predict the happiness of couples, thus enhancing the differentiation and initial thematic relationships can improve the quality of marital life of couples.

Alcohol consumption is one of the emerging social phenomena that affects the foundation of human society. Alcoholism is one of the abnormalities that has negative and destructive effects on individual and family areas. The institution of the family is considered as the most important vulnerable point of this deviation, and women consumers are considered as the first victims of this deviation that the consequences of alcohol consumption affect their personal and family relationships. The purpose of this study is the phenomenology of lived experience of personal and family relationships in women consuming alcohol in Isfahan.

In this study, the qualitative method of phenomenological accuracy with Klaizi approach has been used. The statistical population of this study is women consuming alcoholic beverages in Isfahan. 30 people were selected by purposive sampling, snowball samples and theoretical saturation criteria. Data collection by semi-structured interviews for 60-. 150 minutes was done. The lived experiences of the tendency to consume alcohol and discover their personal and family relationships were analyzed.

The research findings were divided into two themes: lived experience of personal relationships (consumer characteristics, factors accelerating consumption, illicit communication) and lived experience of family relationships (inappropriate parenting, alcohol consumption in the family, intellectual gap in the family). Categories and concepts are discussed in this article.

Individual relationships and family relationships, as well as interactions between family members, play an important role in the tendency to consume alcohol.

The present study was to aim the mediating role of executive functions in the relationship between basic motor skills and reading skills of students with reading disorders.

The research method was appliedin nature in terms of the aim and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection,based on structural equation modeling.The statistical population of the study comprised 180 Elementary students (boys and girls) with learning disability of reading in the special learning disabilities in Ilam and based on the table by Morgan (1970), with the sample size comprising 120 subjects selected by sample random method. The research instruments were the inventories Executive Function Gioia , Isguith and kenvorthy(2002), Reading and dyslexia test Korami Nouri and Moradi(2008). Using structural equation modeling, the data were analyzed. The values obtained corroborated the fitting of the model.

The results gleaned from structural equation modeling showed that basic motor skills directly impacts on reading disorder, executive functions impacts inverse and significant on reading disorder and basic motor skills effect reading disorder indirectly and meaningful through executive functions.

executive functions is judged to mediate the relationship between basic motor skills and reading disorders.

The development of motor skills and basic skills in childhood and adolescence and subsequently adolescence and adulthood affect the growth and development of all aspects of development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dynamic yard on motor development of children aged 8 to 12 years.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest design with control group. 30 healthy 8 to 11 year old male students who were studying in Kermanshah in the academic year of 1998-99 were selected voluntarily and randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental. First, pre-tests were performed for both groups. The third edition of Ulrich (2016) was used to assess motor skills. The experimental group participated in the standard training program for 8 weeks and 5 days per week, and the control group performed only daily activities. At the end of the intervention, post-test was performed for both groups. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance at the error level of 0.05 with SPSS-19 software.

The results of covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups in the post-test of large motor skills and the experimental group performed better than the control group in all variables.

It seems that in healthy 8 to 12 year old boys, using the dynamic yard program can significantly improve their motor development.

Introduction: Cardiac biomarkers play an important role in predicting heart damage. The aim of this study was to investigate The effect of aerobic maximal workload exercises on Galactin-3, plasma Creatine Cinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase concentration of Iranian Soccer premier league players. Methods: The statistical population consisted of players of the Iranian Football Premier League in the season 1399-1400. 20 football players were selected as available samples. Evaluation of aerobic activity was incremental to maximal with the implementation of the Bruce protocol. Blood samples were taken before, immediately and 24 hours after the end of the protocol. To test the hypotheses and compare the dependent variables in different groups, analysis of variance in repeated measures and Bonferroni test were used to compare between blood sampling steps. Data analysis was performed using SPSS25 software. Results: There was no significant difference in the amount of Galactin-3 between the pre-test and post-test stages and also between the post-test and 24 hours after the test. There was a significant difference in Creatine Kinase-MB and Lactate Dehydrogenase levels between pre-test and post-test stages as well as between pre-test and 24 hours after test. Conclusion: The merobic maximal workload exercises alters serum Galactin-3 levels in Premier League players, possibly due to inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects during exercise and post-exercise recovery. Also, based on the findings of the present study, increasing aerobic exercise to the maximum caused a significant difference in levels of creatine kinase MB and lactate dehydrogenase in the post-test and 24 hours after the test.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown reason mostly associated with a high prevalence of psychological disorders. As a result, the aim of this study was to explain the modeling of structural relations between alexithymia and depression with the mediation of sleep quality in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

The research method is cross-sectional in correlation type using modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of this study includes people of Iran in 2020 with rheumatoid arthritis disorder who were active in cyberspace, and 412 people among them were selected by convenience sampling. The tools used in this study were Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Toronto Alexithymia Scale. For analysis of the research data, SPSS 23 and AMOS 22 software were used at the descriptive and inferential level.

The research results showed that alexithymia through sleep quality has an indirect and significant effect on the depression of rheumatoid arthritis patients, and is able to predict the depression significantly.

Based on the current research findings, it can be said that sleep quality mediates the relationship between alexithymia and depression, and has a significant role in depression of the rheumatoid arthritis patients. Thus, considering these variables by researchers and experts prevents from aggravation of the disease, and improves people’s treatment more efficiently.

The divorce has reached its critical point in Iran and many families are involved in it, so it has caused many researchers to investigate this issue. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the optimal scenario of divorce status in future generations of the Iranian family in a 20-year perspective.

The research method is qualitative in screenwriting type. One of the objectives of future studies is “describing alternative futures” and screenwriting is one of its mediums. The statistical population of this study included family specialists (sociologists, family lawyers, psychologists, faculty members) in 2019. Considering the data saturation, 19 specialists were selected through purposive sampling method and were interviewed through semi-structured interview. Content analysis was used to analyze the results of the interviews.

The results showed that the development of central scenarios of divorce status in future generations of the Iranian family can affect the status of divorce in the future. There are also favorable socio-cultural beliefs and contexts about the importance of the family in Iranian society that can play a decisive role in planning and policy-making aimed at managing and controlling the extent and severity of family injuries and the rate of divorce (especially future generations).

Therefore, the divorce rate (formal and affective) will decrease in the future generations through correct, preventive, managed and on-time practical solutions at macro policy making level.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of individual psychoanalysis on the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and perfectionism in people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The present study was a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with experimental group. The statistical population of the study included patients with irritable bowel syndrome who referred to medical centers in Tehran in 1398, from which 68 people were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria available. Then, from the mentioned number, 20 people were assigned to two groups of individual psychoanalysis (n = 10) and control group (n = 10) using random method (lottery). Data were obtained using the multidimensional perfectionism scale and the severity index of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. For inferential analysis, repeated measures variance method and SPSS.22 software were used. The results showed that individual psychoanalysis significantly reduced perfectionism (P<0.001) and the severity of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms (P <0.001). It can be concluded that individual psychoanalysis group was effective on perfectionism and severity of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms and individual psychoanalysis can be used to reduce the problems of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Predicting the occurrence of critical conditions in holding sports events for the disabled and veterans is inevitable, and crisis management requires psychological characteristics and abilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to predict crisis management based on resilience and regulation of emotional cognition in the Veterans and Disabled Sports Federation.

The research method was correlational. The statistical population of this study was the organizers of sports events in the Federation of Sports for the Disabled and Veterans, from which 54 people were selected by available means. Measurement tools included Connor & Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire, Garnfsky et al. (2007) Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and a researcher-made Crisis Management Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression at the error level of 0.05 with SPSS-19 software.

The results showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between resilience and regulation of emotional cognition with crisis management. Also, regulation of emotional cognition (β = 0.37, p = 0.001) and resilience (β = 0.48, p = 0.001) were able to directly predict crisis management.

According to the obtained results, by increasing psychological resilience and adjusting emotional cognition, the ability to manage crisis improves.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of defense styles in the relationship between dark personality traits and distress tolerance in married clients seeking divorce. The study method was correlation based on structural equations. The present study population was divorce applicants who had referred to Tehran family counseling clinics in 1400. Using the available sampling method, 260 people were selected and answered the standard questionnaires. Data collection tools were Simmons & Gahr (2005) Distress Tolerance Scale, Johnson & Webster (2010) Dark Personality Traits Scale, and Andrews et al. (1993) Defense Styles Scale. Data analysis using structural equation modeling method showed that the main path coefficient between dark personality traits with distress tolerance in the model is significant (P <0.01). The coefficient of the main path between the three defensive styles with distress tolerance in the model is significant (P <0.05). Also, the coefficient of the main path between dark personality traits with immature defense style is positive and with negative defense style is negative in the model (P <0.01). The results of this study showed that defense styles mediate the relationship between the two variables of dark personality traits and distress tolerance. Psychotherapy techniques can be used to intervene in personality problems and modify defense styles in pre-divorce counseling, and by increasing the tolerance of distress, to maintain the structure and health of the family.

Infertility is one of the most common human problems that causes many psychological disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy based on optimism on happiness and well-being of infertile women.

The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study included infertile women referred to infertility clinics in Mashhad in 1399. 26 people were selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (N = 13) and control (N = 13) groups. The research instruments include the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and the well-being Questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed before and after the intervention and after one month of follow-up. The data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test.

The results showed that happiness (p <0.01) and well-being (p <0.01) of the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group, and these results continued until one month after the intervention (p <0.01).

Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that positive optimism-based psychotherapy has a positive and significant effect on the happiness and well-being of infertile women and can be used to increase the happiness and well-being of infertile women in infertility diagnosis and treatment centers.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the association of SOFA score after heart surgery with prognosis of patients.

This study was performed on 100 patients admitted to the intensive care unit by convenience sampling method. All grades of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score range are 0 to 24. Patients with higher score have higher mortality rate. The checklist parameters for each patient were assessed on a daily basis and the status of six vital organs of the body (heart, blood, liver, kidney, respiration, central nervous system) was examined and recorded on check list. Patients’ hospital and ICU staying times were recorded too.

The results of the evaluation of the performance of the SOFA scoring system showed; the best cut point for the SOFA 11.5 (sensitivity 96.3% and 88%) was obtained. Rock 0.985 was 0.985 with a confidence interval of 0.963 and 1.00, indicating high and significant accuracy and accuracy of the SOFA scoring system in predicting mortality. The results showed that the score of the sofa scoring system have high and appropriate mortality predicting calibration value (x2=0.934, P=0.999).

SOFA scoring system has high accuracy, high sensitivity and specificity in predicting mortality after cardiac surgery in ICU.

Injury behavior is one of the most common problems among adolescents today.The aim of this study was to predict self-injurious behaviors based on parent-child relationship and emotional regulation with the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas and coping styles.

The method of the present study was correlation of structural equations. The statistical population of this study consisted of high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2020-2021,of which 300 samples were selected by cluster random sampling. Samplers completed the Intentional Self-harm Scale (DSHI), Lazarus Coping Strategies (WOCQ), Young Schema (YSQ), Cognitive Emotion Regulation (CERQ), and Parent-Child Relationship Assessment (PCRS).

Findings showed that the structural model of the study based on the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas and coping styles with stress between parent-child relationship and emotional regulation with self-injurious behaviors fits with the collected data. Emotional coping style in a positive way and problematizing coping style in a negative and significant way, initial maladaptive schemas in a positive and significant way, adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in a negative and non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies in a positive and significant way The parent / child relationship negatively and significantly predicts self-injurious behaviors.

Based on the results, it can be concluded that in order to prevent and control adolescents' self-injurious behaviors, it is necessary to pay attention to the parent-child relationship and early maladaptive schemas, coping styles and stress regulation.

The aim of this study was to explain the correlation and causal relationships of spiritual intelligence with organizational resilience and emotional operations. The statistical population includes all the headquarters of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology in Tehran and their number is 370 people. To select the sample size according to the Chrissy-Morgan table, the sample size was selected, and 186 questionnaires were collected. A standard questionnaire was used to assess the structures and the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by obtaining additional advice and opinions of faculty members in this field and strengthening the reliability of the instrument using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To analyze the raw data, descriptive statistics were used to classify, prepare graphs and tables of information on the characteristics of demographic characteristics. The research observations showed that the degree of relationship and correlation between the components of spiritual intelligence is positive and significant and also the findings of structural equations indicate that spiritual intelligence on organizational resilience directly with path coefficient (β = 0.79) and T coefficient (5.76). > T = 1.96) and spiritual intelligence on emotional commitment with (β = 0.42) and with a score of T (T = 1.96< 2.51) and emotional commitment on organizational resilience with path coefficient and are effective with a score of (T = 1.96< 2.31). Finally, the results of Johnson's relative importance model showed that the components of spiritual intelligence explain 54.1% of changes in emotional commitment and 74.5% of changes in organizational resilience.

Research has shown that there is a correlation between diabetes and psychological disorders such as anxiety and stress, so; The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of stress coping techniques and self-regulatory strategies on anxiety and stress in diabetic patients..

The method was quasi-experimental research and pre-test-post-test design with a control group and the statistical population included 45 diabetic patients referred to Bushehr Diabetes Center. The statistical population was selected by purposive sampling with random substitution and divided into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Diabetic patients in the experimental groups were trained in stress management techniques and self-regulatory strategies for 8 sessions of 90 minutes using the McNamara and Pinterridge protocol, and the follow-up phase was performed two months after the treatment intervention. Data were analyzed using covariance.

teaching stress management techniques and self-regulatory strategies has a significant effect on reducing anxiety and stress in diabetic patients and training stress management techniques has a greater effect on anxiety and stress in diabetic patients. Findings in the follow-up phase also showed that therapeutic interventions were effective in controlling anxiety and stress in diabetic patients.

The results indicate that training stress management techniques and self-regulatory strategies can significantly reduce anxiety and stress in diabetic patients.

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease and a silent and asymptomatic disease until a decrease in bone density leads to fractures; Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of osteoporosis in married women in districts 4 and 17 of Tehran.

The research method is survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study in the 17th and 4th districts of Tehran is 253,360, of which 382 samples were selected based on random sampling. Independent t-test, Human Whitney, Wilcoxon were used for data analysis.

 The results showed that vitamin D deficiency - eating habits - clinical diagnosis has a significant relationship with osteoporosis.

It can be stated that women through sun exposure to absorb more calcium and make vitamin D according to the results of regular physical activity and adequate intake of calcium and vitamins as well as a positive family history of osteoporosis and overweight has been observed. The most common method for determining bone density is to scan the bone density or measure the amount of X-ray absorption (DXA). In this rapid and minimally invasive scan, the bone density in the pelvis and spine is assessed. How much is affected or prone to osteoporosis.

IntroductionUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common infectious disease and a public health problem that imposes a large economic burden. Antibiotic resistance is rising among uropathogens and is a challenge for physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections leading to hospitalization in Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad during 2019-2020.Material and MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a sample of urine of patients admitted during 72 hours was collected and cultured by standard loop method in Blood Agar and McConkey Agar. After incubating; samples with colony count ≥ 105 CFU / ml of urine were considered as a positive culture. Then people were classified into different groups. Data were entered into SPSS software after allocating appropriate codes and analyzed.ResultsAmong 416 samples; 249 ones were positive cultured; %86.8 of the bacteria were gram-negative. %50.6 of the positive cultures were Escherichia coli, followed by Candida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. The most common gram-positive organism was Enterococcus. Resistance to at least one antibiotic was found in 91% of cases. Escherichia coli strains were most resistant to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin. The highest sensitivity was observed to the amikacin.ConclusionThere is no significant difference between the different groups in terms of the prevalence of urinary pathogens and common pathogens in the general population. The most effective antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial urinary tract infections are amikacin, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, imipenem and meropenem.

obesity-related Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases through activation of macrophages.Purpose of this study was to investigate effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training on serum level of Neuropilin 1(NRP1),lipids profile and insulin resistance index in obese women.

Twenty obese women (mean age 32.20 ± 2.68 years and body mass index 38.78 ± 9.81 kg / m2) were randomly divided into experimental and control groups(10 ones in each).Subjects in experimental group participated in twelve weeks of aerobic running training at intensity of 50-75 percentage of reserve heart rate, 30-55 minutes per session and five sessions per week. Blood sampling was performed immediately before the first session and 48 hours after the last training session to assess blood factors. Statistical analysis was done by Covariance, paired t-test and Pearson correlation at significant level of P<0.05.

there existed significant differences between two groups of experimental and control for changes in levels of NRP1 and lipids and metabolic profiles and anthropometric incises. 12 weeks of aerobic training resulted in significant increases in levels of NRP1 and improvement in lipids and metabolic profiles and anthropometric indices (P<0.05) in experimental group in post-test . However, there were significant correlation between changes in serum levels of NPL1 following 12 weeks of aerobic training with changes in waist circumference (P=0.03).

It seems that 12 weeks of aerobic training can improve body composition, lipid profile and insulin resistance in addition to increases in serum levels of NRP1 in obese women.

The recent events of outbreaks related to different viruses in the past few years, increased exponentially by the pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), raised a concern and increased the search for more information on viruses-based diseases. Currently, the detection of viruses using methods based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has the highest sensitivity. However, this method has its drawbacks. Research of biosensors is also becoming the most extensively studied discipline because of the easy, rapid, low-cost, highly sensitive, and highly selective biosensors contribute to advances in next-generation medicines. Thus, biosensors represent a new promising tool for virus detection. This review gives a brief survey of the issue of viral detection, comprising diagnostics of a target structure of viruses, such as nucleic acids or proteins. This article reviews the different principles of detection and manufacturing methods for each type of virus biosensors and finally introduces some of their applications in virus diagnosis, expanding compared to conventional methods.

Alcohol consumption is one of the emerging social phenomena that affects the foundation of human society. Alcoholism is one of the abnormalities that has negative and destructive effects on individual and family areas. The institution of the family is considered as the most important vulnerable point of this deviation, and women consumers are considered as the first victims of this deviation that the consequences of alcohol consumption affect their personal and family relationships. The purpose of this study is the phenomenology of lived experience of personal and family relationships in women consuming alcohol in Isfahan. In this study, the qualitative method of phenomenological accuracy with Klaizi approach has been used. The statistical population of this study is women consuming alcoholic beverages in Isfahan. 30 people were selected by purposive sampling, snowball samples and theoretical saturation criteria. Data collection by semi-structured interviews for 60-. 150 minutes was done. The lived experiences of the tendency to consume alcohol and discover their personal and family relationships were analyzed. The research findings were divided into two themes: lived experience of personal relationships (consumer characteristics, factors accelerating consumption, illicit communication) and lived experience of family relationships (inappropriate parenting, alcohol consumption in the family, intellectual gap in the family). Categories and concepts are discussed in this article.Conclusion;Individual relationships and family relationships, as well as interactions between family members, play an important role in the tendency to consume alcohol.

Research has shown that there is a correlation between diabetes and psychological disorders such as anxiety and stress, so; The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of stress coping techniques and self-regulatory strategies on anxiety and stress in diabetic patients.. The method was quasi-experimental research and pre-test-post-test design with a control group and the statistical population included 45 diabetic patients referred to Bushehr Diabetes Center. The statistical population was selected by purposive sampling with random substitution and divided into experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Diabetic patients in the experimental groups were trained in stress management techniques and self-regulatory strategies for 8 sessions of 90 minutes using the McNamara and Pinterridge protocol, and the follow-up phase was performed two months after the treatment intervention. Data were analyzed using covariance. teaching stress management techniques and self-regulatory strategies has a significant effect on reducing anxiety and stress in diabetic patients and training stress management techniques has a greater effect on anxiety and stress in diabetic patients. Findings in the follow-up phase also showed that therapeutic interventions were effective in controlling anxiety and stress in diabetic patients. The results indicate that training stress management techniques and self-regulatory strategies can significantly reduce anxiety and stress in diabetic patients.

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease and a silent and asymptomatic disease until a decrease in bone density leads to fractures; Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of osteoporosis in married women in districts 4 and 17 of Tehran. The research method is survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the present study in the 17th and 4th districts of Tehran is 253,360, of which 382 samples were selected based on random sampling. Independent t-test, Human Whitney, Wilcoxon were used for data analysis.  The results showed that vitamin D deficiency - eating habits - clinical diagnosis has a significant relationship with osteoporosis. It can be stated that women through sun exposure to absorb more calcium and make vitamin D according to the results of regular physical activity and adequate intake of calcium and vitamins as well as a positive family history of osteoporosis and overweight has been observed. The most common method for determining bone density is to scan the bone density or measure the amount of X-ray absorption (DXA). In this rapid and minimally invasive scan, the bone density in the pelvis and spine is assessed. How much is affected or prone to osteoporosis.

The couples' sense of happiness is one of the most important factors that is the prelude to the education of the next generation, the psychological well-being of couples and the independence of individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship and prediction of couple's happiness based on differentiation and initial thematic relationships.

In terms of purpose, it was practical and in terms of data collection method was type 2. The statistical population of the study consisted of couples who lived together for 10 years living under one roof in Tehran. 150 couples (300 people) were selected by convenience sampling method according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria., 1995) and feelings of happiness (Lentz, 2010) responded. Findings were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression tests.

Pearson's results showed that there was a significant relationship between couple's happiness with their differentiation and their initial thematic relationships (p≤0.001). The results of regression also showed that self-differentiation and initial thematic relationships predicted couple happiness by 69% and 74%, respectively.

Based on their differentiation and initial thematic relationships, one can directly predict the happiness of couples, thus enhancing the differentiation and initial thematic relationships can improve the quality of marital life of couples.

Introduction and The divorce has reached its critical point in Iran and many families are involved in it, so it has caused many researchers to investigate this issue. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the optimal scenario of divorce status in future generations of the Iranian family in a 20-year perspective. The research method is qualitative in screenwriting type. One of the objectives of future studies is “describing alternative futures” and screenwriting is one of its mediums. The statistical population of this study included family specialists (sociologists, family lawyers, psychologists, faculty members) in 2019. Considering the data saturation, 19 specialists were selected through purposive sampling method and were interviewed through semi-structured interview. Content analysis was used to analyze the results of the interviews. The results showed that the development of central scenarios of divorce status in future generations of the Iranian family can affect the status of divorce in the future. There are also favorable socio-cultural beliefs and contexts about the importance of the family in Iranian society that can play a decisive role in planning and policy-making aimed at managing and controlling the extent and severity of family injuries and the rate of divorce (especially future generations). Therefore, the divorce rate (formal and affective) will decrease in the future generations through correct, preventive, managed and on-time practical solutions at macro policy making level.

The present study was to aim the mediating role of executive functions in the relationship between basic motor skills and reading skills of students with reading disorders.The research method was appliedin nature in terms of the aim and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection,based on structural equation modeling.The statistical population of the study comprised 180 Elementary students (boys and girls) with learning disability of reading in the special learning disabilities in Ilam and based on the table by Morgan (1970), with the sample size comprising 120 subjects selected by sample random method. The research instruments were the inventories Executive Function Gioia , Isguith and kenvorthy(2002), Reading and dyslexia test Korami Nouri and Moradi(2008). Using structural equation modeling, the data were analyzed. The values obtained corroborated the fitting of the model.The results gleaned from structural equation modeling showed that basic motor skills directly impacts on reading disorder, executive functions impacts inverse and significant on reading disorder and basic motor skills effect reading disorder indirectly and meaningful through executive functions. executive functions is judged to mediate the relationship between basic motor skills and reading disorders.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease with an unknown reason mostly associated with a high prevalence of psychological disorders. As a result, the aim of this study was to explain the modeling of structural relations between alexithymia and depression with the mediation of sleep quality in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The research method is cross-sectional in correlation type using modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of this study includes people of Iran in 2020 with rheumatoid arthritis disorder who were active in cyberspace, and 412 people among them were selected by convenience sampling. The tools used in this study were Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Toronto Alexithymia Scale. For analysis of the research data, SPSS 23 and AMOS 22 software were used at the descriptive and inferential level. The research results showed that alexithymia through sleep quality has an indirect and significant effect on the depression of rheumatoid arthritis patients, and is able to predict the depression significantly. Based on the current research findings, it can be said that sleep quality mediates the relationship between alexithymia and depression, and has a significant role in depression of the rheumatoid arthritis patients. Thus, considering these variables by researchers and experts prevents from aggravation of the disease, and improves people’s treatment more efficiently.

Predicting the occurrence of critical conditions in holding sports events for the disabled and veterans is inevitable, and crisis management requires psychological characteristics and abilities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to predict crisis management based on resilience and regulation of emotional cognition in the Veterans and Disabled Sports Federation. The research method was correlational. The statistical population of this study was the organizers of sports events in the Federation of Sports for the Disabled and Veterans, from which 54 people were selected by available means. Measurement tools included Connor & Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire, Garnfsky et al. (2007) Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and a researcher-made Crisis Management Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression at the error level of 0.05 with SPSS-19 software. The results showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between resilience and regulation of emotional cognition with crisis management. Also, regulation of emotional cognition (β = 0.37, p = 0.001) and resilience (β = 0.48, p = 0.001) were able to directly predict crisis management. According to the obtained results, by increasing psychological resilience and adjusting emotional cognition, the ability to manage crisis improves.

Cardiac biomarkers play an important role in predicting heart damage. The aim of this study was to investigate The effect of aerobic maximal workload exercises on Galactin-3, plasma Creatine Cinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase concentration of Iranian Soccer premier league players. The statistical population consisted of players of the Iranian Football Premier League in the season 1399-1400. 20 football players were selected as available samples. Evaluation of aerobic activity was incremental to maximal with the implementation of the Bruce protocol. Blood samples were taken before, immediately and 24 hours after the end of the protocol. To test the hypotheses and compare the dependent variables in different groups, analysis of variance in repeated measures and Bonferroni test were used to compare between blood sampling steps. Data analysis was performed using SPSS25 software. There was no significant difference in the amount of Galactin-3 between the pre-test and post-test stages and also between the post-test and 24 hours after the test. There was a significant difference in Creatine Kinase-MB and Lactate Dehydrogenase levels between pre-test and post-test stages as well as between pre-test and 24 hours after test. The merobic maximal workload exercises alters serum Galactin-3 levels in Premier League players, possibly due to inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects during exercise and post-exercise recovery. Also, based on the findings of the present study, increasing aerobic exercise to the maximum caused a significant difference in levels of creatine kinase MB and lactate dehydrogenase in the post-test and 24 hours after the test.

The development of motor skills and basic skills in childhood and adolescence and subsequently adolescence and adulthood affect the growth and development of all aspects of development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dynamic yard on motor development of children aged 8 to 12 years. The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest design with control group. 30 healthy 8 to 11 year old male students who were studying in Kermanshah in the academic year of 1998-99 were selected voluntarily and randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental. First, pre-tests were performed for both groups. The third edition of Ulrich (2016) was used to assess motor skills. The experimental group participated in the standard training program for 8 weeks and 5 days per week, and the control group performed only daily activities. At the end of the intervention, post-test was performed for both groups. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance at the error level of 0.05 with SPSS-19 software. The results of covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the two groups in the post-test of large motor skills and the experimental group performed better than the control group in all variables. It seems that in healthy 8 to 12 year old boys, using the dynamic yard program can significantly improve their motor development.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of individual psychoanalysis on the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and perfectionism in people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The present study was a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with experimental group. The statistical population of the study included patients with irritable bowel syndrome who referred to medical centers in Tehran in 1398, from which 68 people were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria available. Then, from the mentioned number, 20 people were assigned to two groups of individual psychoanalysis (n = 10) and control group (n = 10) using random method (lottery). Data were obtained using the multidimensional perfectionism scale and the severity index of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. For inferential analysis, repeated measures variance method and SPSS.22 software were used. The results showed that individual psychoanalysis significantly reduced perfectionism (P<0.001) and the severity of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms (P <0.001). It can be concluded that individual psychoanalysis group was effective on perfectionism and severity of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms and individual psychoanalysis can be used to reduce the problems of patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of defense styles in the relationship between dark personality traits and distress tolerance in married clients seeking divorce. The study method was correlation based on structural equations. The present study population was divorce applicants who had referred to Tehran family counseling clinics in 1400. Using the available sampling method, 260 people were selected and answered the standard questionnaires. Data collection tools were Simmons & Gahr (2005) Distress Tolerance Scale, Johnson & Webster (2010) Dark Personality Traits Scale, and Andrews et al. (1993) Defense Styles Scale. Data analysis using structural equation modeling method showed that the main path coefficient between dark personality traits with distress tolerance in the model is significant (P <0.01). The coefficient of the main path between the three defensive styles with distress tolerance in the model is significant (P <0.05). Also, the coefficient of the main path between dark personality traits with immature defense style is positive and with negative defense style is negative in the model (P <0.01). The results of this study showed that defense styles mediate the relationship between the two variables of dark personality traits and distress tolerance. Psychotherapy techniques can be used to intervene in personality problems and modify defense styles in pre-divorce counseling, and by increasing the tolerance of distress, to maintain the structure and health of the family.

Infertility is one of the most common human problems that causes many psychological disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy based on optimism on happiness and well-being of infertile women. The research design was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study included infertile women referred to infertility clinics in Mashhad in 1399. 26 people were selected by voluntary sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (N = 13) and control (N = 13) groups. The research instruments include the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and the well-being Questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed before and after the intervention and after one month of follow-up. The data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test. The results showed that happiness (p <0.01) and well-being (p <0.01) of the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group, and these results continued until one month after the intervention (p <0.01). Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that positive optimism-based psychotherapy has a positive and significant effect on the happiness and well-being of infertile women and can be used to increase the happiness and well-being of infertile women in infertility diagnosis and treatment centers.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment on chronic fatigue syndrome and health anxiety in patients with multiple sclerosis. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with two experimental groups and one control group. From the community of patients with multiple sclerosis in Markazi province in 1400, 45 people were randomly selected and then randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15 people. The research instruments included the Chronic Fatigue Questionnaire (CFS) and the Health Anxiety Inventory (2002). Finally, analysis of covariance was used using SPSS software version 22 to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effect of schema therapy and acceptance and commitment based therapy on chronic fatigue syndrome and health anxiety (p <0.001). There is no significant difference between changes in mean chronic fatigue and health anxiety among patients with multiple sclerosis after one month in the schema therapy group and acceptance and commitment based treatment in the follow-up phase and these results confirm Schema therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment to chronic fatigue and health anxiety among patients with multiple sclerosis has been well established.

Multiple sclerosis is one of the most important debilitating neurological diseases in which the myelin part of the central nervous system is destroyed and causes mental health disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group therapy of emotional schemas on the level of hope of patients with multiple sclerosis.

The present research method was quasi-experimental, and the research design was pre-test-post-test-follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all patients with multiple sclerosis referred to clinics and neurology wards of Shiraz hospitals. Forty patients with multiple sclerosis were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Omid Schneider questionnaire was completed by both groups before the intervention of emotional schemas on the experimental group, after the intervention and 3 months after the intervention. Analysis of covariance and variance with repeated measures were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that group therapy of emotional schemas had a significant effect on hope in patients with multiple sclerosis and increased their hope and this effect lasted after 3 months (p <0.01).

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that group therapy of emotional schemas can be an effective psychological intervention to increase hope in patients with multiple sclerosis.

In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the ground for the separation of obsessive-compulsive disorder from the category of anxiety disorders and the formation of a concept called obsessive spectrum was provided. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxiety and stress depression to evaluate this new diagnostic category.

The present research design is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of this study included 245 students of Tehran universities who were selected by convenience sampling and the research tools included questionnaires (OCI-R), (OCSD), (DASS). Data were analyzed using nonparametric Spearman correlation test.

According to the findings of this study, there is a positive and significant relationship between the total score of obsessive-compulsive disorder and its subscales (p <0.001). Also, a significant positive correlation was found between the total score of obsessive-compulsive disorder and its subscales and obsessive-compulsive disorder disorders as well as with the variables of anxiety, depression and stress.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder, while related to peer disorders in the new diagnostic class of obsessive-compulsive disorder, in another dimension was closely related to emotional dimensions and variables such as anxiety symptoms, depression and stress.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of participatory learning education and academic self-regulatory education on orientation in high school students in Ahvaz. The research design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. The statistical population included high school students in Ahvaz in 2009-2010. The sample size was 45 high school students in Ahvaz in 1398 who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was the Progress Goal Orientation Scale (1998). After training the experimental groups, post-test was performed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24 with analysis of covariance and post hoc test. The results showed that participatory learning training and academic self-regulation training were effective in increasing mastery goal orientation and functional-approach goal orientation and decreasing performance-avoidance goal orientation (p <0.05). Also, the comparison of the two interventions showed that the effectiveness of participatory learning training on increasing mastery goal orientation and performance-approach goal orientation was higher than academic self-regulatory training (p <0.05). However, the effectiveness of academic self-regulatory training in reducing the orientation of performance-avoidance goal was greater than participatory learning training (p <0.05).

Being a victim of violence can cause psychological distress and depression in women. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on psychological distress and depression of married women victims due to domestic violence. A quasi-experimental research method was used with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. From the statistical population of women victims of domestic violence referring to the counseling centers of the 2nd district of Tehran, 30 people were selected by available sampling and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people (emotional treatment and control). In order to collect information, the standard questionnaire for measuring violence against women (Haj-Yahia, 2001), psychological distress (Kessler et al., 2002), and depression (Beck, 1996) was used. The experimental group was subjected to emotion-focused therapy; The data were analyzed using covariance test. The results showed that emotion-oriented therapy has a significant effect on reducing distress and depression of married women who are victims of domestic violence (p<0.001). For improve of the psychological condition of married women who are victims of domestic violence, it is suggested to use an emotion-focused therapeutic approach.

The aim of the present study was to structurally model coping strategies and self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes; It was based on the mediating role of self-efficacy and rigidity. The present study was a correlational descriptive method and a fundamental goal. The statistical population of this study included all patients with type 2 diabetes in Khomeini Khomeini Health Network in Isfahan. 200 people (five times the total number of questionnaire questions) were randomly selected as the sample and entered the study. For data collection, Niknam et al.'s (2013) self-care questionnaire, Kubasa (1976) hardiness, Scherer self-efficacy, Lazarus and Volkman and coping strategies were used. Data analysis was performed using structural equations and LISREL software. The results of data analysis showed that the ratio of chi-square to degree of freedom (X2 / df), good fit index (GFI), normalized fit index (NFI), adaptive fit index (CFI), excess fit index (IFI), relative fit index (RFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) and square root of residues (RMR) are significant and desirable and have a good fit model. The findings show that rigidity and self-efficacy play a mediating role in the relationship between coping strategies and self-care of type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, to increase the self-care of diabetic patients, it is possible to strengthen their assertiveness and self-efficacy. Also, by teaching positive coping strategies, self-efficacy and perseverance can be strengthened, and this leads to increased self-care.

Fatty liver disease is the most important reason for chronic liver diseases, from simple fatty liver to advanced stages such as liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver cancer. In this study, the effect of moderate intensity endurance exercise and probiotic consumption on MMP 9 gene expression in an animal model of steatosis was investigated. This study is an experimental study of laboratory type. 32 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 8: healthy group, fatty liver group, fatty liver + probiotic group, fatty liver + probiotic group + moderate intensity endurance exercise and were tested for 8 weeks. Endurance training was done for 8 weeks, 5 days a week, at 18-28 meters per minute. The statistical calculation of this study was done using the one-way analysis of variance test and, in case of a significant difference, the Bonferroni post hoc test to determine the location of the difference between groups was done with SPSS 25 software. Endurance training and probiotic consumption have a significant difference on the expression of the MMP-9 gene in the animal model of fatty liver (P=0.000) and decrease the expression of MMP-9. According to the results of the study, it seems that endurance training along with probiotic consumption can make patients with fatty liver resistant to the damage caused by this disease.

When an accident occurs, rescue teams are the first to be sent to rescue and help the victims. The success of the deployment team depends on choosing the right person for the normal and emergency situation. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the psychological characteristics of the first respondents in accidents and disasters.

The present study was a sequential combined exploratory study of instrument design that was conducted in two parts: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative section, individual interviews and literature reviews for the production of materials and then based on the results of this section, a pool of items were formed and psychometric assessments were performed for validity, formality of content and structure.

Exploratory factor 41 questions with 8 factors were used to design this questionnaire. These 8 factors are; Extraversion, conscientiousness, emotional intelligence, neuroticism, distress tolerance, agreeableness, openness to experience, and pessimism.Discussion and

The results showed that the questionnaire for assessing the psychological characteristics of helpers in disasters is an acceptable tool that covers all aspects of the psychological characteristics of first respondent in accidents and disasters. This questionnaire can be reliably used in related research.

Autism spectrum disorder affects a person's communication skills and response to the external environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of IDP's method on improving joint attention in children with autism. The research was a single case study with A-B design and follow-up. The statistical population of this study was children with autism spectrum disorder in Tehran Rehabilitation Center. Since the present study was looking for specific or unusual cases, purposive sampling method was used. Based on this, 3 children who, according to the pediatric psychiatrist and child psychologist, had signs and symptoms of autism, were selected as the study sample. The data collection tools in this study were Gilliam (2006) Autism Diagnosis Test and Identiplay Protocol based on the approach of Phillips and Biwan (2007). In the present study, for data analysis, chart analysis methods, stable change index, clinical significance, percentage improvement of POD, PND indices and calculation of trend and intermediate stability chamber were used. The results of the study showed that the Identiplay method was effective in improving joint attention in children with autism. The results showed that Identiplay significantly improved the joint attention of children with autism spectrum disorder. Thus, it is suggested that this method be used as a new and complementary approach in the field of education and rehabilitation of children with autism spectrum disorder along with other major therapies.

Chronic disease is one of the most common problems in today's society, which incurs heavy treatment costs and has negative effects on a person's performance, and psychological issues are one of the most important factors in chronic exacerbation and continuation. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing depression and anxiety in patients with MS, diabetes, rheumatism, and renal failure. The method of this research was post-event and causal comparative. From the community of 568 chronic patients (MS, diabetes, rheumatism and chronic renal failure) referring to the treatment centers of Khorram Abad city (MS patient’s association, diabetes center, rheumatology specialized center and Shahadai Ashair hospital) using sample method. 120 patients were selected (each group of patients with MS, diabetes, rheumatism, and chronic renal failure included 30 people). The implementation method was as follows, after coordinating with the officials of the medical centers and the patients, the depression and anxiety questionnaire (Lavibond and Bavibond, 1995) was implemented on the patients. For the analysis, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Yeoman-Whitney methods were used to analyze the findings using SPSS version 21 software. The values obtained for the Z statistic related to the comparison of depression of diabetic patients with other patients are significant. Also, the difference between renal failure and MS patients in depression is significant (p≤0.005). Thus, the depression status of patients with rheumatism and renal failure is higher than other patients, then MS and diabetes patients are in the next ranks. The comparison of anxiety also shows that patients with renal failure, rheumatism, MS and diabetes have the highest anxiety respectively. In addition to medical interventions, it is suggested to pay attention to mental health and reduce depression and anxiety of chronic patients with psychological interventions and life skills training.

Among the stressors, none may be as powerful and pervasive as war. In addition to the physical and psychological damage to warriors, war also puts their families at risk.Consequently, the current study was done to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on cognitive inflexibility and psychological distress in Veterans spouses with 25 to 50 percent of psychiatric problems. The current study was done with a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and two-month follow-up with a control group from all spouses of 25 to 50% of psychiatric veterans of Neishabour city. Thirty people were selected using the purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The research instruments included Dennis and Vander Wal's Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) and Segal, Williams, and Teisdell's (2002) Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. The experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness training and the control group was placed on the waiting list. Data were analyzed by SPSS software through a covariance analysis test. The results of the analysis of variance revealed that the mean of the experimental group on cognitive inflexibility has increased significantly compared to the control group. Based on the F test, the variances between the two groups are equal (p <0.05). The results of the analysis of variance show that the mean psychological distress of the experimental group decreased significantly compared to the control group. Mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy is an effective treatment program to reduce psychological distress and improve the psychological flexibility of veterans' spouses. So, to increase the quality of life of veterans' spouses and improve the health of veterans' families, it is necessary to use the intervention program of mindfulness-based stress reduction.

Gender is linked to how we are perceived to think and act as women and men because of the way society is organized, not because of our biological differences. The aim of study was to investigate the role of students ‘gender difference in socio-general health and corona-induced anxiety in the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study was causal-comparative. The statistical population includes all students of Farhangian University of Mashhad in 1399 of which samples randomly were selected 752 male and female students. Subjects were assessed for general health, social health, and corona-induced anxiety. Data normality was performed by Smirnov Kolmograph test and statistical analysis of data was performed by independent t-test and Pearson test by SPSS21 software with a significance level of 0.05. there was a significant difference between general health(p=0/029) and corona-induced anxiety(p=0/023) between male and female students but no significant difference was observed between two groups in the social health (p≥0.05). The correlation results showed a significant relationship between groups in general and social health (p = 0.001). But there was no significant relationship between corona-induced anxiety and general and social health (p≥0.05). According to the results, Students' general and social health can be affected by a variety of factors and in critical situations such as the risk of disease outbreaks are decisive. Because women were more anxious than men, women had lower social health than men. It is recommended that different people in the community receive more social support in critical situations.

Introduction and The present study was conducted to investigate designing a pre-marriage consultation according to the lived experiences of the women with unsuccessful choice and evaluating its efficacy on criteria for choosing a spouse of female students. The research method of the current study was phenomenology in the qualitative part and quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design in the quantitative part. The statistical population of the present study included all married women with unsuccessful choice in the city of Isfahan in 2019 in the qualitative part who didn’t have marital satisfaction and attended consultation and psychological service centers due to marital conflicts. The statistical population in the quantitative part included all single female students at the universities of Isfahan in academic year 2018-19. 12 women with unsuccessful choice were selected through purposive sampling method and took in-depth interview in order to compile the packages of pre-marriage consultation. 40 female students were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control group in the quantitative part (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The experimental group received ten sessions of pre-marriage consultation during two-and-a-half months. 3 people in the experimental group and 2 people in the control group quitted taking part in the study.The results showed that pre-marriage consultation according to the lived experiences of the women with unsuccessful choice has significant effect on female students’ criteria for choosing a spouse (p<0.0001)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of selected physical activity program on body self-concept and psychological well-being of inactive female students. The current research method is semi-experimental and was conducted on 40 inactive female students of Islamic Azad University, Mako Branch, who were selected by available method. The subjects were randomly divided into two control (20 people) and experimental (20 people) groups. This research was carried out in Salamon's design. The experimental group had regular exercise program for 8 weeks in 32 sessions and the control group had regular daily activities. Then, both groups completed the body self-concept questionnaire of Rajkumar Sarasut (1981) and the psychological well-being questionnaire of Rief (1989). Correlated t-test was used to analyze data and determine intra-group differences, and independent t-test was used to determine inter-group differences. The results of the post-test in the experimental group indicated that selected physical exercises have a significant effect on the body self-concept and psychological well-being of inactive female students (p<0.001). Putting regular physical activity in daily programs can lead to increasing body self-concept and psychological well-being of inactive female students.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on the meaning of life, cognitive flexibility, life satisfaction and suicidal thoughts in people with depression in Ilam city. The present study is quasi-experimental and its design is pre-test-post-test with follow-up stage. The statistical population includes all patients with depression in Ilam city in 2018 who were referred to Dr. Hamidreza Karim's psychiatric office by counseling centers for the treatment of depression. The statistical sample consisted of 40 patients referred to the center who were selected using targeted sampling method. Then, randomly, in two groups, 20 positive psychotherapy groups and 20 control group groups were replaced. The treatment program was performed in 8 sessions for the experimental group. In the present study, the scale of the meaning of life by Stager, Fraser, Oishi and Kaller (2006), Denis and Venderval's Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (2010), Beck's Suicide Thought Survey (1991) and Dinner et al. 'S Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (1985) was used. Research has shown that positive psychotherapy affects the meaning of life, cognitive flexibility, life satisfaction and suicidal ideation. Also, these results have been significant in the variables of cognitive flexibility and life satisfaction in the follow-up stage and its effect has been stable over time. Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that positive psychotherapy affects the meaning of life, cognitive flexibility, life satisfaction and suicidal thoughts.

importance of executive functions for educational successes is demonstrated. There are many cognitive training for improving executive functions like neurofeedback and Capitan log software. So the present research aimed to determine and evaluate neurofeedback and Capitan log on Female elementary school students in Tehran in the academic year 2020-2019. this research is semi experimental study with control group and statistical population were all female elementary students in 4grade. Then 90 students were selected by multi stage clustering method and designated into three groups (2 experimental and 1 control) after screening by inclusion criteria. Daneman and Carpenter working memory scale (1980) and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) were used for measuring before and after and in following up test. Two experimental groups received 20 sessions of interventions and control group didn’t receive any intervention. Covariance analysis and spss21 were used for analysis of data. neurofeedback and Capitan log interventions had significant effects on storage of working memory and response inhibition in students. these interventions can be used to improve working memory and response inhibition to increase educational achievement.