سلیم کاظمی

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the characteristics of effective schools using the synthesis research approach.

 This research has been carried out in terms of practical purpose and with a meta-composite qualitative method. The statistical population is all the studies conducted in the period of 2001-2022. In this regard, 63 researches in the field of the desired subject were evaluated and finally 21 articles were selected purposefully and by analyzing the content and composition of related literature, a total of 64 codes and 10 key categories were identified and analyzed during the process of searching and systematic combination of texts and its validity. It was confirmed through Cohen's kappa test.

The results of the analysis showed that effective management and leadership, effective school teacher, professional learner, school structure, participation of colleagues and parents, effective curriculum, effective evaluation, effective organizational atmosphere and culture, effective teaching and physical facilities are among the most important characteristics of effective schools.

be Considering the effectiveness of schools in the return of human investment and its importance in the advancement of science and technology, the need to pay attention to the characteristics of effective schools is felt day by day.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of addiction to virtual networks on students' academic well-being through the mediation of loneliness. In terms of purpose, the present research is applied, and in terms of descriptive-survey data collection and its correlation method, it is considered to be structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research was formed by secondary school students of Minodasht city in the academic year of 1402-1403, which were selected from 6 schools using random cluster sampling method; Then, 220 people have been selected as the study sample by simple random sampling. To collect data, the standard questionnaires of addiction to social networks by Khaja-Ahmadi, feelings of loneliness by Deshiri et al., and academic well-being questionnaire by Tominin-Swini et al. Data analysis is done using structural equation modeling and smart pls software. The optimal fit of the measurement model, structural and overall model fit has been confirmed. The results of the research show that addiction to virtual networks has an inverse and significant effect on the academic well-being of students and has a direct and significant effect on the feeling of loneliness. Also, the findings of the research indicate the negative and significant effect of loneliness on academic well-being. Also, the feeling of loneliness can play a mediating role in the relationship between addiction to virtual networks and academic well-being. The results of the present study showed that addiction to social networks has an effect on students' academic well-being and feelings of loneliness, and as the intensity of addiction to virtual networks increases, students feel more lonely and their academic well-being decreases.

The purpose of this research is to identify the consequences of promoting digital capital in the country's higher education system. The main determination of qualitative method and descriptive phenomenological type with purposeful sampling and semi-structured interview tool was used to collect data. The participation of researchers and experts in the field of communication and university administrators formed a group of 14 people from technology after theoretical saturation, who were selected as a purposeful sampling. Data analysis was done using thematic analysis and descriptive-interpretive method. The results show that the development of digital capital in the higher education system has individual consequences (digital literacy, online data research, digital business, digital dependence), organizational (digital transformation, performance, becoming intelligent, productivity, job satisfaction) and It is social (digital citizen, digital gap reduction, social self-efficacy, digital economy). As they have digital investments, they can adapt to new technologies, even if they still need to acquire digital literacy. The sheer presence of digital capital determines how efficiently they achieve digital literacy.

In all human societies, there are values that form the main foundation of that society's culture. The purpose of this study was to promote the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom among students using a qualitative approach. In this research, a qualitative research method based on thematic analysis approach was used. The statistical population of this research included all martyrs and veterans of eight years of Holy Defense, based on the purposeful sampling method, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 11 martyrs and veterans until theoretical saturation was achieved. In order to ensure the validity of the tool, experts' opinions were used, and to ensure the reliability of the data, the review method of non-participating elites was used. The results of the qualitative findings of the research show that the explanation of the concept of sacrifice and martyrdom, simplicity of life, students' role models, appreciation of the martyrs and martyrs' families, explanation of the historical events of sacrifice and martyrdom, and anti-corruption from the society are among the ways to promote the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom among scholars. The students are

The current research was conducted with the aim of modeling the factors influencing the virtue-oriented school using the foundation's data approach. In this research, the qualitative research approach of Foundation Data Theory was used. Potential researchers were sample teachers, sample administrators, heads of educational groups, and professors of Farhangian University of Ardabil province, who participated in the semi-structured interview process using the purposeful sampling method. In the selection of the sample, members who had the necessary knowledge and expertise in the field of the research topic were used. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation. The data obtained from the interview were analyzed through the three stages of open, central and selective coding. The findings of the research showed that the modeling of the factors affecting the virtueoriented school is influenced by various factors. These factors include 5 main components: causal conditions (individual, managerial factors), contextual conditions (social, economic, political and cultural factors), intervening conditions (legal factors), strategies for the establishment of virtue-oriented schools (theoretical and practical strategies) and the consequences (individual, organizational, social and organizational occupational) that are expressed in this research.

The first step in organizing research in society is to gain a proper understanding of the available facilities and to identify the strengths, weaknesses and obstacles facing research. The present study was conducted to identify barriers to research in the field of educational management. In this study, a qualitative research method based on data foundation theory based on the Strauss-Corbin model was used and semi-structured interviews with 18 professors and experts in the field of educational management were continued by purposeful sampling method until theoretical saturation was achieved. In order to ensure the validity of the tool, the opinions of educational management experts were used and to ensure the reliability of the data, the non-participating elite review method was used. After three stages of open, axial and selective coding, the results of data analysis around the paradigm model, eight general categories were extracted that look at the most important obstacles to research in the field of educational management. These barriers are economic barriers, barriers related to the specialized field of educational management with the category of discipline specialization, individual barriers related to weak research capability, barriers related to access to research information, structural and administrative barriers, motivational and attitude barriers of the researcher, physical barriers And hardware and cultural and social barriers. According to the results regarding research barriers, it can be said that the existence of these barriers has reduced the quality of research in the field of educational management. Facilitating access to facilities, providing financial resources and allocating appropriate budgets, reforming the rules and regulations of research processes, motivating and changing the attitude of society towards research can be an effective step towards the quantitative and qualitative development of research in the field of educational management.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the consequences of promoting digital literacy in the educational system using a synthesis research approach. This research has been carried out in terms of practical purpose and with a meta-composite qualitative method. The statistical population is all the studies conducted in the period of 1380-1401. In this regard, 54 researches in the field of the desired subject were evaluated and finally 21 articles were selected purposefully and by analyzing the content and composition of related literature, a total of 49 codes and 12 key categories were identified and analyzed during the process of searching and systematic combination of texts, and its validity was It was confirmed through Cohen's kappa test. The results of the analysis showed that self-efficacy, success in learning, self-control, risk-taking, anxiety reduction, individual performance, online interactions, process improvement, successful management, transformability, applicability and professional development are the consequences of digital literacy in the educational system. In order to promote digital literacy in the educational system, hardware and software needs must be met in the educational process.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of managers' self-efficacy in professional learning and teachers' learning communities in Chenaran city: the contribution of educational leadership. The statistical population of this research is all the teachers of Chenaran city, and the random sampling method was simple, according to Morgan's table, 200 people were selected as a sample. The data collection tool is the standard self-efficacy questionnaire (Sherer & Adamz 1982), the professional learning questionnaire of Qasimzadeh et al. (2017), the social learning questionnaire of Qasimzadeh et al. (2017) and the educational leadership questionnaire (Oliver, Hip & Leak, 2010). The results of this research showed that managers' self-efficacy has no relationship with professional learning and professional learning communities, but educational leadership has a positive and significant relationship with professional learning and learning communities. Also, the results of this research showed that between professional learning and professional learning communities, there is a positive and meaningful relationship, and educational leadership mediates the relationship between managers' self-efficacy and learning communities, as well as the relationship between self-efficacy and professional learning.

Nowadays, using e- learning in the universities and higher education institutions of the world is considered as a strategic priority; therefore, in order to improve, guarantee the quality and optimal use of the capacities of e-learning, it is necessary to evaluate it. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the quality of electronic education of Mohaghegh Ardabili University using the HELAM evaluation model.

This research is practical in terms of purpose and nature, and descriptive in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the number of 12500 people, and 350 people were selected as a sample through the Morgan table through stratified random sampling. The data collection tool was the e-learning quality evaluation questionnaire of Helm Özkan's hexagonal conceptual model. The content validity of the questionnaire was approved by expert professors in the field of e- learning and the reliability of this questionnaire was also obtained in this research using the Cronbach's alpha method of 0.87. Data were analyzed in two levels of descriptive ( frequncy,Mean,standard deviation) and inferential( One- sample t-test and Friedman's test) through SPSS.

 Results  showed that all aspects of  The HELAM evaluation Model (quality of content, quality of system, teachers` view, learners` view,quality of services and supporting subjects ) in Mohaghegh Ardabili University are in a medium to high condition.Also results of Friedmans Ranking test showed that among aspects of electronic education based on HELAM evaluation model,  quality of content with  the mean of (4.49) and supporting subjects with the mean of (1.0 ) respectively have the  most and the  least effect on electronic education.

The quality of electronic education of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the academic year 2021- 2022 is at a medium to high level based on the average dimensions of Helm's hexagonal evaluation model. According to the findings of the research, it is suggested to the managers and policy makers of Mohaghegh Ardabili University to use the results of various evaluation models to resolve the issues and problems of this field and take steps to strengthen the electronic education systems.

 Considering the essential role of universities in the development of science and technology. In organizing educational activities in universities, special attention should be paid to the quality of education and research and how the two are related. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting research experiences in the dissertation process of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences postgraduate students.

 The research method was descriptive-analytical cross-sectional on 222 students of Ardebil University of Medical Sciences who had defended their thesis during the second semester of the academic year 2018-2019 and were in the settlement phase of the study. The data collection tool was the standard PREQ questionnaire with the latest version containing seven main factors.

 Overall, the results showed that among the seven scales, the highest mean transparency was observed among the students, followed by the higher mean score of research skill development. Also, among the students of different faculties and college students, there were no significant differences in the overall satisfaction of the research experience with the different educational backgrounds and students of a different gender.

 According to the results of the present study, it is suggested that university professors in dealing with students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences emphasize ethics in performing specialized tasks as a fundamental value and pass it on to their students.

The aim of this study was to compare decision-making styles and academic boredom in students with and without special learning disabilities. The statistical population of this study included all male students enrolled in the Learning Disabilities Center of Meshginshahr in the academic year of 2019-2020. 30 people were selected by available sampling method and also 30 normal students were selected in a multi-stage cluster and matched with the learning disability group according to the demographic characteristics of age and gender and as a comparison group in Participated in this study. Two groups individually and with the presence of the researcher to decision style questionnaires. Academic boredom responded. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test. The results showed that students with learning disabilities in the mean scores of rational decision style (F = 9.988), intuitive decision style (F = 6.493), dependent decision style (F = 7.209), decision style Instant withdrawal (F = 10.503) and academic boredom (F = 10.149) are significantly different from the normal group. According to these results, from a practical point of view, it is recommended to hold training workshops on teaching problem-solving strategies and creating motivation to reduce academic boredom by school counselors and psychologists.

The development of international activities in order to generate revenue, branding, increase quality and gain credibility has become the main concern of world-class universities. The purpose of this study is to develop a model for the development of international scientific cooperation in the higher education system of the country with a Grounded Theory Approach.

This  study by using qualitative research method based on data foundation theory and interviews with a purposefully selected sample of managers of the international department of public universities (10 people) and experts (5 people) in this field has been done. Interviews were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin coding methods (open, selective and axial).

The results show six dimensions consisting of causal conditions (human resources, physical infrastructure, economic factors, cultural factors, technological factors), phenomenon-oriented (educational and research collaborations, faculty members, policy-making), strategy (having a plan Strategic for international, organizational, supportive scientific cooperation), contextual conditions (university capacities, international organizational climate, international attitude), interventionist conditions (government, political situation, globalization) and consequences (development of diplomacy, Increasing quality, solving society᾽s problems, introducing Iranian civilization to the world, generating income).

According to the results of the present study, universities need to take steps to develop international scientific activities in order to gain credibility, branding, increasing quality and revenue generation, the model presented in this study can be helpful in this regard.

Considering that ethical variables such as virtue have an effect on improving relationships and teachers' effectiveness. The aim of this study was to analyze the antecedent role of moral leadership and the consequences of self-motivation and well-being as components of organizational virtue among primary school teachers in Ardabil.

The research method is descriptive-correlation based on structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all primary school teachers in Ardabil with a number of 3850 people, of which 350 people were selected as a statistical sample of the research based on Cochran's formula and using multi-stage cluster random sampling method to collect data. Standard questionnaires of ethical leadership, organizational virtue, organizational spontaneity and organizational well-being were used to collect data. The structural equation modeling method has also been used to analyze the findings.

The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant positive correlation between the variables of moral leadership, organizational virtue, organizational spontaneity and organizational well-being. Also, the modeling of structural equations of research variables indicated that the causal model of moral leadership and the consequence of self-motivation and organizational well-being with virtue have a suitable fit.

Virtue as an ethical variable in the organization can explain the antecedent role of moral leadership and consequences such as self-motivation and organizational well-being.

 Ethical capital in educational organizations is a set of ethical relationships that lead to the formation of teamwork and increase productivity. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the components of ethical capital in educational organizations using a metasynthesis qualitative approach.

 The research was conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach and using the metasynthesis method with the seven-step approach of Sandlowski and Barroso (2007). The statistical population of the study includes all Persian and English researches and studies published in the field of moral capital between 2000 and 2021. In this regard, keywords related to the purpose of the research were searched and the obtained articles and documents were examined using purposive sampling method according to the acceptance criteria. Finally, 19 articles that met the inclusion criteria were studied and analyzed using three-step coding method (open, axial, selective) by MaxQDA 2020 software.

Ethical Considerations: 

The requirements of research ethics have been considered in the monitoring of the synthesized articles.

 Based on the results of data analysis, 82 open codes were identified for data collection, which were classified into 3 main categories and 11 sub-categories, which are individual (responsibility, ethical model, honesty, and ethical loyalty), organizational (ethical culture of the organization, Organizational ethics, ethical leadership style) and extra-organizational (social, economic, political and cultural factors).

 Organizational behavior researchers with the aim of increasing moral capital in the organization, while identifying its components, can consider appropriate programs and solutions to increase superior behaviors in the organization. The results of the present research can help employees in terms of identifying the factors affecting moral capital and increasing its level in the organization.

 Considering that the sensitivity of ethical issues is not the same in all professions and since educational environments and universities are responsible for the serious task of educating and training specialized and faithful human resources in order to respond to the needs of the society and contribute to the comprehensive development of the country, the aim of this study was to identify the components of professional ethics development in the Iranian higher education system with a meta-synthesis approach.

 This research has been done in terms of applied purpose and with a hyper-combined qualitative method. The statistical population is all studies conducted in the period of 2001-20. In this regard, 63 researches in the field of the subject were evaluated and finally 34 articles were purposefully selected and by analyzing the content and composition of the relevant literature, a total of 164 codes, 13 concepts, 4 key categories during the search process and systematic combination of texts were identified and analyzed and its validity was confirmed by Cohen Kappa test.

Ethical Considerations:

 The requirements of research ethics have been considered in the monitoring of synthesized articles.

 The results of the analysis showed that the most important components of professional ethics development identified in the higher education system of the country include: educational (development of professional ethics in specialized knowledge, development of professional ethics in interactions between students and professors, development of professional ethics standards in the teaching-learning process), research (development of professional ethics in the behavior of professors and managers, development of professional ethics in the research process, responding to the needs of society), management (ethical commitment of managers to University, development of management professional ethics in relation to staff, faculty and students, professional characteristics of managers) and individual (individual skills and knowledge in the field of professional ethics, religious characteristics, belief and commitment to moral values, psychological characteristics).

 The components of professional ethics development in the higher education system were identified in four categories: educational, research, managerial and individual. Considering the findings of the present study, with the formation of the Professional Ethics Council in the Vice Chancellor for Education and Vice Chancellor for Research, holding workshops, conferences and specialized meetings on professional ethics in the university and producing various educational content in the field of ethics Professionalism and its placement in the professional ethics system for the use of students, professors, staff and administrators can provide the best possible context for the implementation of these components.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the consequences of promoting digital literacy in the educational system using a synthesis research approach. This research has been carried out in terms of practical purpose and with a meta-composite qualitative method. The statistical population is all the studies conducted in the period of 1380-1401. In this regard, 54 researches in the field of the desired subject were evaluated and finally 21 articles were selected purposefully and by analyzing the content and composition of related literature, a total of 49 codes and 12 key categories were identified and analyzed during the process of searching and systematic combination of texts, and its validity was It was confirmed through Cohen's kappa test. The results of the analysis showed that self-efficacy, success in learning, self-control, risk-taking, anxiety reduction, individual performance, online interactions, process improvement, successful management, transformability, applicability and professional development are the consequences of digital literacy in the educational system. In order to promote digital literacy in the educational system, hardware and software needs must be met in the educational process.

In the 21st century, new perspectives emerged on the moral aspects of teachers in schools, and the role that virtue plays in fostering constructive emotions and interactions has highlighted the growing importance of virtue in improving psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to explain the mediating role of spiritual intelligence in the relationship between organizational virtue (as an Islamic religious variable) and psychological well-being among primary school teachers in Ardabil.

The research method is descriptive correlational based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study included all primary school teachers in Ardabil (no=3850), out of whom 350 were selected as the statistical sample of the research based on Cochran's formula and using multi-stage random cluster sampling method to collect data. Standard questionnaires of psychological well-being, organizational virtue, and spiritual intelligence were used to collect data. Also, structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. In this study, all the ethical considerations were observed and the authors reported no conflict of interest.

The results of the correlation coefficient showed a significant correlation between the variables of organizational virtue, spiritual intelligence and psychological well-being in a positive direction. The results also showed that organizational virtue has a positive and significant direct effect on psychological well-being (0.27). Organizational virtue has a positive and significant direct effect on spiritual intelligence (0.84). Spiritual intelligence has a positive and significant effect on psychological well-being (0.68). In addition, organizational virtue has a positive and significant indirect effect on psychological well-being (9.74) through spiritual intelligence.

The higher the teachers 'spiritual intelligence and vigilance in the organization, the higher the psychological well-being and job satisfaction. Therefore, virtue as an Islamic moral variable in the organization can affect the teachers' spiritual intelligence and psychological well-being.

Organizational virtue is taken from positive psychology. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting organizational virtue as a religious-moral component. This research has been applied by documentary and meta-combined methods. Sandlowski and Barroso (2007) seven-step method was used to analyze the data. For data collection, 35 sources out of 173 sources were selected for final meta-composition. A total of 104 codes, 11 concepts in 3 general components were extracted and analyzed using maxqda 2020 software. The results showed three general components of individual, internal and organizational factors. And externalities affect organizational virtue. Individual factors of organizational virtue in this study include components such as individual characteristics of employees and individual characteristics of managers. Internal organizational factors also include components such as organizational structure and processes, internal organizational culture, philosophy and policy of the organization and management and leadership style. Finally, external factors include components such as social, economic, legal, political and cultural. Researchers of organizational behavior in order to increase virtue in the organization can identify these factors, programs and strategies to increase the transcendent behaviors in the organization can be considered. The above results can help employees to identify the factors affecting organizational virtue and increase it in the organization. Organizational behavior researchers in order to increase the virtue in the organization can identify appropriate factors and programs to increase superior behaviors in the organization. The above results can help employees to identify the factors affecting organizational virtue and increase it in the organization.

Perceived social support and the quality of student-teacher relationships are among the most important factors of success in higher education. The present study investigated the role of perceived social support and the quality of student-teacher relationships in academic involvement of physical education students. This study was a descriptive study, and its statistical population included all physical education students studying at Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the first semester of the academic year 2020. A total of 170 of these students were randomly selected by stratified sampling and were requested to answer the questionnaires of academic engagement, perceived social support, and the quality of student-teacher relationships. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression tests. The results showed that academic engagement has a positive significant relationship with: total score of perceived social support (r = 0.35; p <0.001), family components (r = 0.32; p <0.001), friends (r = 0.17; p <0.05), support of others (r = 0.32; p <0.001), and the quality of student-teacher relations (r = 0.63; p <0.001). The results of regression analysis showed that predictive variables predict about 43 percent of the variance of academic engagement. Based on our findings, educational system planners and education practitioners are recommended to hold hands-on educational workshops in universities to teach ways of creating a suitable educational environment and promoting supportive behaviors in student-teacher relationships.

The educational, social, and psychological problems of Orphan and poorly supervised students need special attention. Therefore, the present study was performed with the aim of designing and testing the casual model of academic adjustment based on behavioral emotion regulation with the mediating role of mindfulness in orphan and poorly supervised students.

The method of the present study was descriptive. The statistical population of this study consisted of all orphan and poorly supervised students in Ardabil province during the academic year 2020-2021, of which 210 were selected via convenient sampling method and participated in this research. For data collection, the standardized questionnaire of academic adjustment of Sinha and Sink, Behavioral Emotion Regulation of Kraaij & Garnefski, and mindfulness of Brown and Ryan were used. The collected data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation analysis and structural equations modelling.

The results showed that behavioral emotion regulation (β= 0.163) and mindfulness (β= 0.678) have a direct and positive effect on academic adjustment (p> 0.001). The results related to fit indices of the model also showed that mindfulness can mediate the relationship between behavioral emotional regulation and academic adjustment.

In general, mindfulness mediation can be confirmed in the relationship between behavioral emotion regulation and academic adjustment of orphan and poorly supervised students. According to the significance of the proposed model and confirming the mediating role of mindfulness, it is recommended to therapists and counselors in the educational field, in the first place, to examine and measure the important variable of emotion behavioral regulation and consider the important role of mediating variables.

Virtual networks are the most popular means of communication and information exchange, the widespread use of which has led to addiction. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of spiritual intelligence in the relationship between moral disengagement and addiction to virtual networks.

The research method used in the present study is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all male students in the second year of high school in Ardabil public schools in the academic year of 2019-2020. From this community, a sample of 360 people was randomly selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and answered the questionnaires of addiction to virtual networks, moral awareness, and spiritual intelligence. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural relationships. In this study, all the ethical considerations were observed and the authors of the article did not report any conflict of interest.

The results of correlation coefficient showed that addiction to networks has a positive relationship with the score related to moral disengagement and its components and a negative relationship with the total score of spiritual intelligence. Spiritual intelligence also has a negative relationship with the overall score related to moral disengagement and its components (moral justification, useful comparison, resourceful language, shifting responsibility, spreading responsibility and inhumanity). Model fitness indicators also have confirmed the lack of effect of moral disengagement on becoming addicted to virtual networks through the mediation of spiritual intelligence.

Considering the role of moral disengagement and spiritual intelligence in addiction to virtual networks, holding educational workshops in schools to inform students about the effects of addiction to virtual networks and teaching aggression management skills and improving the level of spiritual intelligence is recommended.

the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between distributive leadership style and school effectiveness with the mediation of job motivation of public school teachers in astara city. a descriptive correlation method was used. the statistical population includes all teachers of public schools in astara city in the academic year of 2018-2019 who were selected using stratified random sampling method and 245 people based on morgan table. to collect the required data , gordon standard distributed leadership style questionnaire, hoy and ferguson schools, and schaufeli and salanova  job engagement questionnaires were used. smart pls and spss software were used to analyze the data. the results showed that distributive leadership has a positive and significant direct effect on job engagement (0/28). distributive leadership has a positive and significant direct effect on the effectineness of schools(0/76). job enthusiasm has a positive and significant direct effect on the effectiveness of schools(0/48).distributive leadership through job engagement has a positive and significant indirect effect on schools effectiveness(0/40).

The aim of this study was to predict cyberspace addiction based on academic alienation and psychological distress students. The method of study was correlational and the sample consisted of 150 high school students of Ardabil city selected by cluster sampling in 2020. To collect data, the questionnaires of Yang's Internet Addiction Questionnaire, Dillon and Grout's Educational Alienation, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress (DAS-21 (were used and the collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results indicated Addiction to cyberspace has been positively associated with academic alienation and psychological distress (anxiety, depression, and stress). In other words, academic alienation and psychological distress were able to predict cyberspace addiction (P<0.01). Therefore, psychologists by teaching appropriate measures in order to reduce psychological and communication problems in students should take necessary actions to reduce the severity of addiction to cyberspace in this vulnerable group of society.

With the advent of new technologies, especially the Internet in organizations, the scope of employee interactions with the Internet has become much wider. Despite the many advantages of this technology, it has also had negative consequences, one of which is the negative consequences of evasion on the virtual. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of professional ethics in predicting the level of virtual evasion; It is mediated by organizational identity.

This study was performed by descriptive-correlation method and by structural equation modeling (SEM) modeling test. The statistical population of the study consisted of all employees of Mohaghegh Ardabili University, of which 196 people were selected using random sampling method. The research instruments included the Cadozir Professional Ethics Questionnaire (2000), the Van Doorn Cyber-loafing Questionnaire (2011) and the Cheney Organizational Identity Questionnaire (1983). The data were analyzed using structural equation method using Spss 25 and Smart-PLS software.

Ethical Considerations:

 In compiling this study, preserving the originality of the texts, honesty and trustworthiness were observed and the participants answered the questionnaires with the knowledge of the objectives of the research.

The results showed that each of the variables of professional ethics and organizational identity have a reversible and significant effect on virtual evasion. Also, the direct effect of professional ethics on organizational identity with a value of t higher than 1.96 and p-value less than 0.005 was statistically significant. In addition, organizational identity was able to enter the model as a mediating role in the relationship between professional ethics and employee avoidance. Finally, the structural model of the research after correction had the desired fit with the experimental data of the research.

Considering the role of organizational identity on Cyber-loafing, it is necessary to make more efforts in organizations to promote organizational identity and identify the destructive and negative effects of professional ethics and teach them to correct it.