فهرست مطالب سمیه سادات اخشیک

This paper aims to identify and evaluate the most important strategies and actions taken by Iranian university libraries during the COVID-19 epidemic crisis, in comparison with international examples.

This applied research employed an applied research approach, utilizing a descriptive-analytical survey method in two parts. Firstly, it analyzed the situation of Iranian university libraries across two dimensions: education and research, in response to the COVID-19 crisis. Secondly, it examined the role of these libraries in terms of social responsibility, comparing them with international examples. The research tools included a researcher-made checklist and a questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of both Iranian and international academic libraries. Therefore, 301 international academic libraries were surveyed, along with 33 accessible and responsive samples from Iranian academic libraries and world academic libraries (selected based on the Times Higher Education world ranking). 

The state of university libraries in Iran, in comparison with the most important university libraries in the world during this pandemic, revealed that the strategies and activities of Iranian university libraries lacked balanced and coordinated attention to both education and research. Furthermore, the strategies and activities of Iranian academic libraries were not synchronized with those of international academic libraries. 

Findings showed that the efforts of academic libraries worldwide in facing one of their most difficult challenges—the COVID-19 crisis—were significant. Additionally, the commitment towards social responsibility in these libraries was noteworthy, but the amount of attention paid to the activities of this aspect in Iran was low. The integration and connection between university libraries, educational and technological centers or units, and research and laboratory centers are the sole solution during similar events.

The purpose of establishing academic libraries is to achieve the goals of the university, which is to preserve, disseminate, and promote knowledge. These duties and responsibilities are also a significant issue when dealing with crises in society. Have a look at the researches shows that the study of how libraries deal with crises has been an interesting topic for researches. In these studies, confronting of all types of libraries has been examined and most of them have been done during and after the crisis to examine the actions, functions and nature of the services provided or changed by these institutions. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the way academic libraries in the world deal with Covid-19 and analyze their services and activities in this situation.

The present study was an applied study that was conducted by survey method and descriptive-analytical method. To do this, the World University Libraries website was reviewed based on the Times Higher Education University Rankings. Based on the Cochran's formula, 300 samples were randomly selected from this community. The instrument of this research was a researcher-made checklist.

The research findings showed that academic libraries in the world followed the six main strategies of "creation", "development", "change", "updating", and "reduction or cessation", respectively, and the most common strategies were "creation" and "development". For these main strategies, 34 sub-strategies and 123 actions were implemented by these libraries around the world. In other words, these libraries played an active role in responding to the crisis. Hence, the efforts of the world's academic libraries were significant. The most practical measures were related to the main strategies of "creation" (39 cases), "development" (18 cases), "commitment to social responsibility" (13 cases) and "change" (12 cases), respectively.

Academic libraries, instead of accepting strategies to stop or reduce their services and activities in the face of this crisis, have turned to creation strategy and changing services and activities. The contribution of commitment to social responsibility in these libraries was also significant.

Knowledge management is one of the effective strategies to gain a competitive advantage. Implementing of knowledge Knowledge management in an organization requires attention and design of a model appropriate to the specific conditions and contexts of the organization. Insurance companies are among the knowledge-based organizations that can gain the opportunity to progress as much as possible by implementing knowledge management. In such a way that if successful implementation of knowledge management, in terms of quality and performance of their services can gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a knowledge management implementation model for Dana Insurance Company as one of active Company in Iran insurance industry.

The present study was an applied study that was conducted by survey method. The statistical population of the study was 1761 experts and managers of Dana Insurance Company, of which 317 people were selected as members of the sample using simple random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis and model fit study were performed by structural equation method with the help of Amos software.

Based on the obtained results, it was found that the model has a sufficient fit to the data. The final knowledge management model for Dana Insurance Organization includes five main dimensions. Each dimension has its own components. The causal conditions include three components in the form of Creating organizational memory, the importance of intellectual capital, and the insurance industry environment. The Contextual conditions include four components in the form of human resource development and improvement, knowledge-based evaluation system, higher and supervisory institutions, and management and leadership; The intervening conditions include two components as human factors and intra-organizational factors; strategies and actions dimension including three components in the form of knowldege management infrastructure preparation, knowledge discovery and collection, and knowledge documentation; and the consequences include five components in the form of increasing the productivity of the organization, creating a knowledge-based organization, functional and economic growth of the organization, improving the share of insurance in the growth of the economy and improving the human resources performance.

The results showed the knowledge management implementation model as a reference and pattern for Dana Insurance Company includes five main dimensions and 17 components. Therefore, for the successful implementation of knowledge management in Dana Insurance Company, special attention should be paid to these factors. Among the five dimensions of the knowledge management model, the dimension of consequences has the first rank and the causal condition has the last place.

The Persian writing has some difficulties that neglecting it can affect information retrieval. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Persian writing problems on retrieval of database (GANJ) documents based on morphological, semantical and orthographical aspects.

This research is a practical-purpose study that was conducted in a qualitative manner using content analysis techniques. The used method was a researcher-made checklist. T Sampling was done by standard sampling. In the category of conjugational problems, the impact of these problems on retrieval of documents in the database was examined.

The results of the present study showed that morphological, semantic and orthographical problems affect the information retrieval results in the database. It was also found that in the morphological group only for the "adjective morphological morphemes", and in the orthography group, for the problems of "accent mark", "ی and ء transposition in Persian words", "writing of middle and end ء (tittle) with الف seat", " writing of middle and end ء (tittle) with واو seat", "remove or writing tilde Mark" and "writing of consonantal ی after inarticulate ه" have been deliberated and difficulties in semantic group were neglected.

Identifying key issues in an area is the first step in the public policy process. The purpose of this study is to identify the national policy issues of Iranian public libraries from the perspective of policy makers and experts in this field.

This research is an applied and qualitative research that was conducted using the grounded theory method. Furthermore, in order to reach a consensus in results, the focus group method was used. The research population consisted of experts and specialists in the field of public policy, cultural policy, as well as experts and specialists in the field of public libraries. The research sample included 27 members of the research population, who were selected using theoretical sampling method. In the final stage, six people were selected from 27 experts to form a focus group. The data required for this study were obtained from semi-structured interviews with members of the research sample, which were coded and analyzed using MAXQDA (a qualitative data analysis software) and Excel. In order to insure accuracy and reliability of this study, the criteria of validity, reliability, verifiability and transferability were used.

The research findings indicated that ‘lack of a common meaning of public libraries in the country (between experts, policymakers and the public)’, ‘the imbalance between decision-making and national policy-making and local policy-making’, and ‘the capability of weak managers in the field of public libraries (policy-making, decision-making and execution)’ are the national policy issues of Iran’s public libraries. Moreover, by examining the relationships between categories and considering the central categories, the issue of ‘conflict between national policy and local policy of public libraries’ was identified as the main issue of national policy of public libraries in Iran, on which the members of the focus group reached a consensus.

The positive point of this research is in that it made use of the views of both public policy makers and public libraries’ experts to identify key issues. It is one of the first studies to examine public library issues in the national policy of public libraries in Iran by using a qualitative method. Furthermore, it is original in subject and research method.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the M.A. and Ph.D exams of knowledge and information science discipline and compare them with B.A. and M.A. curricula. This comparison was carried out based on Bloom's revised taxonomy in two aspects of the status of the dimensions of knowledge (factual, conceptual, procedural and metacognitive) and the status of cognitive skills (remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate and create).

This study is an applied research with qualitative approach, using content behavioral goals of the curriculum analysis method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population was the questions of M.A. and Ph.D exams of knowledge and information science in 2014-2018. The tool of this research was a check list based on the Bloom revised classification scheme by Anderson & Krathwohl (2001). For data analysis software MAXQDA 2018 was used, and the reliability test by using intercoder agreement was 91.2%.

Findings showed low appropriateness between behavioral goals of B.A. curriculum and M.A. exam questions in two dimensions of knowledge and cognitive skills as well as between behavioral goals of M.A. curricula and Ph.D exam questions in cognitive skills, but in knowledge dimension there is some proportianallity.

The behavioral goals of B.A. and M.A. need to be revised. Based on this revision and change, it’s also necessary to create a content change in the M.A. and Ph.D exams.

Knowledge management models are considered as models and roadmaps for successful implementation of knowledge management in organizations. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to present a conceptual model of knowledge management for insurance organizations with the case study of Dana Insurance Company as one of active companies in Iran insurance industry.

The research method is qualitative and based on the grounded theory approach. The tool for collecting qualitative data is an interview and the sampling method is a purposeful sampling method with a theoretical approach. The semi-structured interviews were conducted to 12 executive managers of Dana Insurance Company. The criterion for analysing qualitative data is based on a systematic approach of the grounded theory. Therefore, the interviews were analysed in three stages after implementation through open, axial and selective coding methods.

In open coding, 331 codes were identified. Then the axial coding was done based on the paradigmatic approach and finally the selective coding was done, which led to 61 axial codes and 26 selective codes.

A conceptual model of knowledge management was presented for Dana Insurance Company. In this process model, effective factors and conditions such as causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences were identified. The proposed model can be used as a roadmap for the implementation of knowledge management in Dana Insurance Company and based on it, its strengths and weaknesses can be depicted.

Using image in educational texts for children can help to enhance their learning. Considering the importance of academic motivation and the role of enhancing reading and writing skills and reading self-efficacy, as well as the comic book capabilities in this regard, this study attempts to address this issue from the perspective of popular culture and is part of the shortcomings. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of comic proverb books on educational motivation and reading self-efficiency of elementary fourth and fifth grade students.

This is a causal-comparative study with post-test design with control group. This study is practical in terms of purpose, is quantitative in terms of type and its data collection was done by descriptive method of cause-comparison type by considering post-test for a control group. The study population consisted of 4th and 5th grade female students in Alborz province. 100 girls of fourth and fifth grade students in Alborz province was selected by purposing judgment sampling, Samples were selected through purposive judgment sampling and 50 individuals were selected as control group and 50 as experimental group. The subjects in the experimental group were given comic books and both groups responded to the Hager reading self-efficacy questionnaire (2017) and the academic motivation questionnaire by Guy, Marsh, and Dawson (2005).

Significant difference between educational motivation between two groups were showed. This means that reading the proverbial comic books could increase students' educational motivation. It was also found that reading these books did not affect their self-efficacy.The answers were compared and analyzed. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t- test and U-Mann _Witney test).

The results show that proverb comic books create interest and motivation to read in students. The results showed that proverbial comic books increase students' sense of autonomy and autonomy in learning new material and institutionalize their interest in reading books. Readers are also aware of the fact that selecting and reading comic books in different contexts enables them to learn new and informative content, and in the future, they will be able to study broader topics of interest in comic books.Proverbs have been rarely used in education of the students in our country. Using this type of resources and folklore can increase their educational interest. Producing comic books in many scientific and educational fields can be a good platform for better learning in education.

The purpose of this research is to determine the categories and issues that were considered by national policymakers in the field of public libraries of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This study seeks to identify those issues and problems for which policymakers have been trying to find solutions by analyzing the content of policy documents.

This research is a qualitative research that has been conducted by using the content analysis method. The research population includes the text of policies, laws and regulations adopted by public policy makers in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, nine important provisions specifically addressing public libraries are examined and analyzed. These laws and regulations include "the Establishment and Administration of Public Libraries Law", "the Executive Regulations of the Establishment and Administration of Public Libraries Law", "the decision to add the Iran Public Libraries Foundation to the list of institutions subject to paragraph "b" of Article (11) of National Recruitment Law", "Amendment of the Executive Regulations of the Establishment and Administration of Public Libraries Law", " Document of Beneficial Reading Movement", "beneficiary of Iran Public Libraries Foundation from the individual and legal persons as funds subject to article (172) of the Amendment of Direct Taxes Law approved in 1992", "the deduction from the total credits related to municipals revenues and payment to the Iran Public Libraries Foundation by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance (Treasury of the Country)", "article 64 of the Law on Adding Some Articles to Regulation of Part of Government Financial Regulations Law (2)", "the approval of Public Culture Council of the country regarding the promotion of book and book reading culture". MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software was used for coding the research data. Furthermore, in order to ensure the reliability of this study, validity, reliability, transferability and verifiability criteria were used.

The research findings indicated that in the studied documents policies have been made for five issues including "Reading Promotion policies", "Management of Financial and Administrative Affairs of Public Libraries of the Country", "Construction and Development of Public Libraries of the Country", "Management of Library Services" "and "designation of actors in the public libraries in Iran". Examination of the documents showed that the issue of reading promotion policies were taken into consideration in the "Document of Beneficial Reading Movement" and the "Sanctioned regulation of Iranchr('39')s Public Culture Council regarding the promotion of book and book reading culture" and many actors and stakeholders have been taken into account by policymakers in these documents. The three remained issues have been covered by other Laws and regulation. Furthermore, the role of various actors and stakeholders in public libraries was reviewed and classified in accordance with the provisions of the sanctioned laws and regulation. Based on the analysis, nine groups of actors and stakeholders were identified, including public library administrators, financial resource providers, users, community, employees, government, media, NGOs, and other stakeholders.

This research is the first to examine the issues covered in the national policy documents of public libraries in Iran. Furthermore, the value of this study lies in that it explains the issues of interest to policymakers and public library policymaking institutions in the past as well as it helps to identify the gaps of national policymaking on public libraries too.

The curriculum and the quality of its contents are directly related to the skills and abilities of graduates. The purpose of this study is to analyze the curriculum of knowledge and information science discipline at different educational levels from a cognitive and knowledge perspective. In this research, the status of these lessons was studied based on Bloom's revised taxonomy and on two aspects of the status of the dimensions of knowledge (factual, conceptual, procedural and metacognitive) and the status of cognitive skills (remember, understand, apply, analyze, evaluate and create).

This study is an applied research with a qualitative approach, using content analysis method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population was the latest edition of the curriculum for knowledge and information science, which was studied in three B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. educational degrees. The study tool was a check list based on the Bloom revised taxonomy released by Anderson & Krathwohl (2001). MAXQDA 2018 was used for data analysis and the reliability test by using codifier agreement was 95.5%.

Findings showed that cognitive skills in B.A. and M.A. curricula paid more attention to lower level skills, but the suitability and priority of skills of each level were not considered. In Ph.D. curricula, the emphasis on the skills of both levels was the same. From the perspective of knowledge, the frequency of procedural knowledge at the B.A degree and, the frequency of concept knowledge at the M.A. and Ph.D. degrees were more than other types of knowledge-related dimensions. It was also found that there were differences in cognitive and knowledge aspects in M.A. and Ph.D. degrees.

The results of this study showed that based on Bloom's revised taxonomy, the behavioral goals of the curriculum of knowledge and information science in three studied degrees distance from the desirable situation and reviewing these curricula is essential.

The target of this paper is to capacity assessment of curriculum in bachelor and master degree of information science and knowledge studies to support students for getting job opportunities in research data management. This survey is practical by its goal and is done by content analyzing. The society of this paper include all English texts about research data management, curriculum of bachelor and master degree of information science and knowledge studies in information management (data management field) and 14 research data managers and experts of public universities of Tehran. The attitude of this paper is to develop expert thinking in determining curriculums so that result in amplifying new skills. The results show some lessons in curriculums in bachelor and master degree are parallel to research data management skills so with developing they can get the skills. So it is needed to add new changes of presenting research data management services in expert librarianship and to assess curriculum so help the skill development in order to train students as research data managers.

Subject analysis of the Management Research published in Knowledge and Information Science journals to identify their degree of compliance with management issues and challenges, as well as identifying the research gaps in this area. This study is an applied research that was conducted using a mixed method, approach applying content analysis techniques. The research population consisted of two groups: 1. Papers with the subject of management published in the scientific journals in the field of KIS (8 journals). The data collection tool used for this group was a check list; 2. Experts and professionals of KIS with management experience and expertise (7 people) who participated in the survey through a written interview. The findings showed that only a small part of the scientific papers (17%) had addressed the management field and its related issues. Among the reviewed journals, most of the papers in this field had been published in two journals of Academic Librarianship and Information Research and Studies in Library and Information Science (24.5% and 22.5% of the total papers, respectively). The most repeated topics were Knowledge Management, and the Quality of Services. The discrepancy observed in the subjects addressed in the research in the field of management, the results of which have been published as research articles in scientific journals, and the tendency of these articles to the subject of knowledge management and its related sub-topics seems to be rooted in several issues: The first issue relates to the qualitative shortcomings of research in this field. Most research is done either in the form of theses and dissertations by graduate students, or as part of the requirements of some courses such as Planning in Libraries and Information Centers in the Ph.D. program, and Organizational Knowledge Management in the Master's program. The second issue is the shortcomings of research and writing about Management. Research itself and, in the broader context, writing in the field of Management in Information Science is not only qualitatively but also quantitatively deficient in quantitative terms. The third issue is rooted in the difficulties of research in the field of management. Of the challenge sources are the courses that deal with management of libraries and information centers in different levels of education from undergraduate to doctoral; courses such as:  Library and Information Centers Management, Organizational Knowledge Management, Management Information Systems and Planning in Libraries and Information Centers. Regarding the KIS Curriculum, the proportion of courses relevant to Knowledge Management is greater than other courses. This can be an important reason for boosting of the research in this field. From another point, however, the limited period of time allocated to post-graduate studies (normally 2 to 4 years) provides students with just the opportunity to familiarize themselves with managerial issues superficially, let alone the have the chance to grasp profound proficiency in theoretical and practical aspects of management, whether generally or specially in different levels of management. The fourth problem stems out from the continuous adherence of new findings to the wealth of knowledge available in this area, especially that which can be marked as managerial fads. Unfortunately, not only in this field, but also in many other areas, a large amount of research appears to have been undertaken due to following the momentary management modes as well as adherence to systems, models and styles that are almost entirely tailored to the needs and requirements of other countries. In experts' views, the most important issues in this area are: Inadequate skills, ill-managerial knowledge and expertise due to problems such as the paucity of employment of knowledgeable managers, unfamiliarity of managers with modern management in theory and practice,  neglecting management as an important specialization and the need for considering knowledge, expertise and personal capability of applicants for management jobs; organizational problems such as problems and deficiencies that exist in the organization chart against the demands of clients for their diverse desired services; decision-making issues in institutions that usually are rooted in deficiencies such as lack of stable and sustainable management and lack of strategic view towards the challenges of technology development in these centers.  In experts’ views, other challenge areas are: the issue of libraries' competition with other organizations, centralization and decentralization in library management, manpower management and interaction with library staff, service quality management approaches, creativity enhancement strategies, and, staff and teamwork. Review of numerous articles and comparison of their contents with research priorities as pointed out by experts indicates that, apart from the quality of services which is the most frequent subject discussed in most of the reviewed journals, there’s almost no agreement among the trio aspects, i.e., these articles, the important research topics suggested by management experts, and, issues set forth by experts in science and information science. The priorities of research in the field of management in experts’ views are related to issues such as specialization in management theories, management techniques, planning for the development of services, and managers' attitudes towards management challenges; however, there is little consistency between these topics and the duplicate topics of papers in this area. It seems that the most important reasons for this come from the qualitative and quantitative shortcomings of research and writing, the complications of research in this field, and following management fads.

The aim of this research is to recognize the types and causes of vandalism in academic libraries of governmental universities in Tehran from their librarians’ viewpoint. The research method is survey and statistical population involved of all employed librarians in libraries of 10 governmental universities of Tehran. The viewpoints of 304 they by sampling method was simple random sampling and have been collected and surveyed through researcher-designed questionnaire. Vandalism in resources is greater than vandalism in buildings and equipment. On resources stealing, hiding and tearing of resources occur and this is common event for the books and magazines. On equipment and buildings most damage has been caused by writing on them, relocating poster, writing text on the wall and damage to equipment. The causes of occurrence of vandalistic behavior can be divided into two groups: 1- The individual factors such as: inability to buy resources, frequent use of library resources and psychological problems. 2-Environmental factors such as: dissatisfaction of users from library services and the lack of multiple copies of resources. Originality: According to the studies, this research has been the first in the country to Survey vandalism in academic libraries of governmental universities in Tehran.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of individual and organizational dimensions of resistance to planned change process according to the role of unlearning and knowledge stickiness in the libraries merger in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM).

This research was applied that conducted by the survey method and mixed method in data gathering and based on the case study. The research population consisted of librarians (40), senior managers (5) and middle managers’ (11) of FUM libraries. Research tools for the three groups consisted of questionnaires, interviews) and focus group discussions in unfreezing, moving and refreezing phase.
Findings: Overall outcome of forces in two firs phases of change were negative and represents overcoming of restraining forces in unfreezing and moving but in third phase driving forces were more than restraining forces.

The results helped to strengthen the theoretical deduction: in FUM libraries, "the effect of knowledge stickiness individual factors in resistance to change is more than organizational factors". The relationship between unlearning, knowledge stickiness and organizational change confirmed.

This paper tried to identify and determine nine factors in EFQM Business Excellence Model for public libraries of Khuzestan province as pilot study of public libraries in Iran. Results could provide appropriate and applicable model for the evaluation of quality services in these libraries.
This research was performed with the mixed method structure (in two qualitative and quantitative phases) and Delphi study and survey method was used for implementation. Research population included: Delphi panel members (9 experts in public libraries) and Khuzestan province public libraries’ managers (93 persons). Delphi panel tool used in order to determine and extract measures and questionnaire which gained from Delphi panel was used in order to investigate managers’ viewpoints. Factor Score Regression with Bootstrap-p method used in AMOS v. 21 to analyze the data.
Findings: Results showed that overall structure of Business Excellence Model for Khuzestan public libraries was similar with 2013 version of EFQM but, noticeable changes were made in the scores of these nine measures. On the basis of results, scores of measures namely “processes”, “products and services”, “customer” and “society” increased. Also, “leadership”, “partnership & resources”, “strategy”, “stuff results” and “business results” decreased and “people” criteria did not changed.
Originality/Value: In this research, we tried to re-examine the EFQM measures to coordinate them with Iran public libraries in Khuzestan Province. By means of the extracted scores, managers potentially have a tool for the evaluation of the public libraries services.

Persian language and script, due to the special features of grammar and writing, create difficulties in information storage and retrieval. Because of the different approaches to writing and because of its inherent complexity. Persain script has created enormous challenges for database designers, indexers, and end-users. This study was conducted using content analysis technique. 100 dissertations were randomly selected as the samples of scholarly Persian texts in the field of LIS in the Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IRANDOC) and the Regional Information Center for Science & Technology (RICeST). Using the Style manual adopted by the Academy of Persian Language, words that had been separated were analyzed to identify if the separations were true or false. Next, the items in both databases with different formats were searched and finally, the results were evaluated and compared. The results showed that 70.20 percent of items are correctly written. Also, it was found that 51.6o percent of these words were two-part and 47.50 percent were three-part words and most writers were confused about writing words that are two-part and derivative. In the RICeST database, titles were retrieved only with the exact format entered and in the IRANDOC database, only 58 percent of items were retrieved by changing the format of writing. This study revealed that the IRANDOC database did better in retrieving titles with different variations of writing than RICeST. Paper recommends that thesis writers also need to use a unified national rules with particular emphasis on writing two-part and derivative words.

Cybernetics, as a meta-disciplinary field covering principles & concepts of different scientific fields, has fixed and definite doctrines in itself. In this paper, after looking into this science with in two epistemological approaches running in cybernetics, including positivism and hermeneutics, the author tries to verify these principles and concepts. In a deep review of the literature on the information theory and information concept, as well as the Quantum Theory and its relationship with Quantum Theory of Information, these issues were pinpointed and elaborated. As a result, principles of quantum theory of information were identified and on the bases of the study, one can conclude that Cybernetics is an umbrella that can shelter at least parts of both theories of Information and the Quantum Theory of Information, as it is doing with other disciplines such as Communications, Games Theory, Caius, Systems Theory, Control, and so on.

Medical libraries and information centers, as service organizations, need standard tools and methods to be able to measure and increase quality of their services, so as to be able to meet the needs of their users in support of the improvement of the performance of their parent institutions. One of the available standard tools of quality measurement is the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) model. This model which is developed and introduced by the European Foundation of Quality Management, considers the organization from both, internal (Staff) and external (Customers) perspectives in terms of two criteria: Enablers and Results. A questionnaire was devised in the form of a survey on the basis of EFQM model so as to be applicable in medical libraries. To administer the questionnaire, a workshop was arranged in which target librarians participated. After some training on how to complete the survey and scoring the items, the questionnaire was handed to the participants and was collected as soon as they completed the survey. Firstly, the EFQM model is applicable in medical libraries; secondly, acquiring 441.4208 points out of 1000 of which 203.0304 points are gained from Enablers and 238.3904 points from Results, shows that the Jondi Shapoor University of Medical Sciences libraries are in a medium level of quality in terms of IT management. This study revealed that from all criteria, Jondi Shapoor University of Medical Sciences libraries are in a better position in terms of leadership, while are not in a good position in terms of the results of staff and customers. Therefore, decision makers in this university should pay more attention to the latter factors and try to strengthen them.

Due to the special conditions of public libraries, especially after their reorganization under the Board of Trustees of the Public Libraries (BTPL), and the necessity for re-organization of and re-planning for libraries and librarians, it is necessary for managers of the BTPL to identify and illustrate the present status of libraries and librarians to be able to proceed with their planning. Benefiting the opportunity provided by a short term course for librarians of four provinces of Khuzestan, Booshehr, Fars and Kohgiluye in which the present authors were involved, a survey based on the Job Description Index (JDI) was devised and administered to assess the degree of job satisfaction among the target librarians in terms of: supervision, co-workers, payments and promotion as well as general job satisfaction. Results of the study revealed that all librarians, despite their dissatisfaction in regards with some aspects, especially payments and promotion, were all satisfied with their job as librarians. Running an ANOVA test with repeated measures indicated existence of no significant difference among the mentioned variables, except for payments. However, running the post-hoc test of Tukey’s HSD revealed that the difference lies between Khuzestan librarians and their colleagues in other 3 provinces. The data collected revealed no significant difference among other groups of librarians. Due to other disorders observed in relation with status of librarians in terms of their distribution age-wise, while suggesting the decision makers to review the librarians’ payments and promotion schemes, it is suggested that decision makers plan and act in regard with recruit of younger librarians before the older librarians are retired, and allow some time for them to transfer their knowledge and methods of job administration and techniques to younger ones.