عسکر غنی

In order to investigate the effect of different drying methods on the drying time, the amount of essential oil and the essential components of peppermint medicinal plant, two experiments were carried out separately based on a completely randomized design with three repetitions. The results indicated a significant effect of different drying methods on the studied traits. In simple drying, the maximum drying time (570 minutes) was related to samples dried in a cabinet dryer, and the minimum drying time (5.03 minutes) was related to samples dried with 900 W microwave, while in combined drying, the maximum The drying time in the shade treatment was 520 minutes and the minimum time was 5.94 minutes for the 450W + shade microwave treatment. the maximum essential oil contente (2.6%) in simple drying obtained from cabinet dryer, while in the combined drying the maximum essential oil contente in the shade method with 2.4% and combined microwave 100W + shade treatment with 2.3%. in the simple drying method, the maximum amount of Menthol reach at microwave dried sample, while in this way a significant decrease was found Menthone, also in the combined drying, the maximum amount of Menthol reach at shade+ microwave 300 watts, but in this way, the amount of Mentone was significantly reduced. Therefore, it can be concluded that in simple drying, the cabinet dryer method and in combined drying, the shade method, are more favorable than other methods due to the preservation of essential oil.

Drying is the most common way to preserve medicinal plants and protect their biochemical compounds. In order to investigate the effect of different drying methods on some phytochemical properties of Mentha piperitae, including the content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, flavon and flavonol, and also antioxidant activity and total carbohydrates, two experiments were conducted separately based on a completely randomized design with three repetitions. The results showed a significant effect of different drying methods on the studied traits (p<0.05). In simple drying, the maximum amount of total phenolics, total flavonoid, flavone and flavonols related to fresh sample, while the minimum amount of these compounds was obtained in oven treatment with a temperature of 70oC, but in the combined drying method, the maximum amount of total phenolics, total flavonoid and flavon and flavonol were found in the combination treatment of shade + microwave 450 W, and the minimum amount was observed in the microwave drying method of 100 W + shade. Also, in the simple drying method, samples dried in artificial shade with 88.83% and in combined drying with treatment shade + 450 W microwave with 0.48% had the maximum antioxidant activity. Therefore, it can be concluded that in the simple drying of the fresh sample and in the combined drying of the shade + 450 W microwave method, they will be very favorable because they will maintain the biochemical characteristics.

In order to achieve desirable yield based on optimized nutritional management and cost reduction, Nano fertilizer utilization has become abundantly popular. Nano fertilizers accommodate the essential nutrients for the plants incorporated with special carriers at Nano scales. Whereas they exhibit many intense physical and chemical alterations, controlled release in Nano fertilizers is due to a sustained combination of carrier and the nutrients (Sempeho et al., 2014). Foliar application of MnO Nano particles on plants resulted in increased vegetative growth, improved fruit quality, maximum yield and photosynthetic pigments content. By using FeO Nano fertilizers, organic material, protein and lipid content in fruits were also enhanced (Shebl et al., 2019). ZnO nanoparticles increased legume yield in peanut and showed a higher rate of absorption compared to ZnSo4 (Prasad et al., 2012). Strengthening antioxidant activity and increased total phenol after using Nano fertilizer supplements in rice was reported by Singh et al., 2013.

A pot factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with two factors and five replications was conducted. First factor included five levels of fertilizer concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 g L-1) as foliar application and the second factor was comprised of two levels of foliar spraying (7 and 14 days’ interval). The main growth and yield traits and some of the biochemical characteristics of Marigold flower extract were evaluated at this experiment.

Seven days’ interval of 1 g L-1 Nano fertilizer foliar application resulted in maximum plant height. The maximum plant height (48.10 cm), flower diameter (40.22 mm) and flower number (38.74) were noticed after 1 g L-1 Nano fertilizer at seven days’ interval of foliar application. After seven days interval, by increasing Nano fertilizer concentration, decrease in plant height, flower diameter and flower number was also obvious, whereas fourteen days interval of 3 g L-1 Nano fertilizer increased both traits. Nano fertilizer utilization at fourteen days’ interval resulted an increasing effect on flavone and flavonol content (9.08 mg Quercetin g DW-1). Seven days’ frequencies of 3 g L-1 Nano fertilizer foliar application, apparently increased total flavonoids (38.20 mg Quercetin g DW-1). Increasing the Nano fertilizer concentration up to 3 g L-1, increased total phenolic compounds and fourteen days’ foliar application of Nano fertilizer significantly raised the contents of these compounds compared to seven days’ intervals. By increasing Nano fertilizer concentration, antioxidant activity was reduced but fourteen days’ intervals showed a significant increase in comparison with seven days. 3 g L-1 Nano fertilizer application with seven days’ intervals improved most of the photosynthetic pigments.

Generally, these findings confirm the effectiveness of Nano fertilizer application in two intervals on yield factors and active substances contents in Marigold.

The harvest time and type of plant part have important roles in obtaining maximum amounts of active substances from medicinal plants. Medicinal plants vary in terms of phenological stages and maturity and each medicinal plant can be evaluated separately in research. Determining the exact time of harvest and selecting a plant organ for maximum yield of secondary metabolites can be very important and economically effective. Othroj-Saghir (Citrus medica var. medica Proper) or Othroje-Kabir (Citrus medica var. macrocarpa) is one of the most important citrus species. The southern provinces of Iran, especially the southern cities of Fars province, are the largest areas in which this species is cultivated. In addition to fruit juice, other parts of the fruit especially the flavedo, can be used for medicinal purposes and in food industries. In this study, for the first time, some physical and biochemical changes of different parts of Citrus medica var medica fruits were evaluated during fruit ripening. Also, some active substances (i.e. essential oil content, flavonoid components, etc.) of the flavedo were measured as the most important medicinal parts of the fruit through different stages of ripening.

In this study, the effects of fruit ripening on the biochemical properties of different parts of Citron fruit were evaluated. A factorial experiment was set up according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor included four levels: different stages of fruit maturity (green mature, intermediate, yellow ripe and over ripe stage). The second factor had four levels: the different parts of the Citron fruit (i.e. outer skin or flavedo, inner skin or albedo, pulp and juice). The most important measured traits were flavon and flavonols, total flavonoids, total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Physical changes in different parts of the fruit (fresh and dry weight of flavedo and albedo, fresh weight of fruit, fruit diameter and height of fruit, etc.) were measured. Assessments also carried out to identify several features of fruit juice such as acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity (TA) and vitamin C during fruit ripening. Chemical measurements were aimed at determining the most important phytochemical compounds of the flavedo section during fruit ripening. These features included the essential oil percentage and yield, chlorophyll content and polyphenols constituents (rutin, trans-ferulic acid, hesperidin, hesperetin and quercetin by HPLC).

The results showed that the fruit maturity stage significantly affected most of the studied traits. The highest amounts of flavon and flavonols (0.377 mg quercetin/g dry weight) and total flavonoids (16.38 mg quercetin/g dry weight) were measured in the flavedo at the over ripe stage. The antioxidant activity initially increased during fruit ripening, but it decreased slightly (75.0%) from the yellow stage to the over ripe stage. The lowest rate of antioxidant activity (53.6%) was observed in the green stage and the highest rate (78.4%) was measured in the yellow ripe stage. The highest amounts of antioxidant activity (83.3% and 73.8%) were measured in the albedo and flavedo samples, respectively, and the lowest amount (54.1%) was recorded in the pulp section. The highest amount of flavedo essential oil (2.37%v/w) was measured in intermediate stage. The chlorophyll content with maturity progress was decreased. Progress in fruit maturity was reduced the most components of polyphenols. The maximum amount of hesperidin, as an important phenolic component, was identified in the peel of Citron fruit (1.86 mg/g dry weight) at the green mature stage. Its amount decreased through the stages of maturity, so that the lowest amount (0.68 mg/g dry weight) was measured at the over ripe stage.

In general, the stage of maturity and plant part had important effects on the amount of biochemical traits. The flavedo part of Citron fruit showed superior medicinal properties. Different active substances react variedly during maturity and so the preferable composition should be harvested according to the desired conditions. The best stages to reach maximum essential oil percentage and polyphenol components are the early stages of maturity (i.e. green mature and intermediate stages).

Improper utilization of chemical fertilizers has been conducted destructive and irrecoverable effects on soil structure and nutrient elements balance. Nowadays, therefore, Nano-fertilizers application toward maintaining agroecosystem, is recommended. At the present study, a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with two factors and five replications in pots conditions during 2017-2018 years was conducted. The first factor included Nano fertilizer concentrations at five levels (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/L) and the second factor was foliar application intervals at two levels (seven and 14 days). The results showed that seven or 14 days’ interval of 2 g/L Nano-fertilizer application results in increase in plant height (30.3 and 29.1 cm respectively). Dry matter yield (3.86 g/plant) and flavone and flavonol content (4.18 mg quercetin/g dry weight) could be enhanced by using 7 days’ interval of 3 g/L Nano-fertilizer. Application of fourteen days’ interval of 1 and 4 g/L Nano fertilizer induced increase in total chlorophyll content. In relation to antioxidant activity, after using more than 1 g/L Nano-fertilizer concentration an increase has been shown (64.29-80.21%). Nano-fertilizer at 3 and 2 g/L concentrations after using seven and 14 days’ intervals respectively, showed highest level of total phenol content. Flavonoid contents exhibited stronger enhancement by using lower concentrations of Nano-fertilizer. Generally, the results showed positive effects of chelated plus Nano fertilizer on morphological and biochemical traits of summer savory.

In order to evaluate the effects of fruit maturation stages on physical and phytochemical characteristics in sour orange, a factorial experiment was performed based on complete randomized block design (RCBD) with two factors and four replications. Four maturation stages of the fruit including green immature, half-ripened, ripened and over ripened stages constituted the first factor and different parts of the sour orange fruit containing flavedo, albedo, fruit juice, dross and seed built up the second factor. The results demonstrated a significant effect of maturation stage on most of the measured traits (essential oil percentage and yield, fresh and dry weight of fruit parts, flavon and flavenol content, total flavonoid, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity). Essential oil content in sour orange peel varied between minimum 3.13 % (v/w) to maximum 10.30 % at over ripened stage and green immature stage, respectively. This factor significantly decreased during fruit maturation. The maximum antioxidant activity (75.79%) related to albedo tissue at half-ripened stage. Phenolic compounds decreased during fruit maturation (from 12.38 to 6.39 mg gallic acid/g dry matter). Generally, flavedo tissue at the green immature stage contained the maximum bioactive compounds rate concerning most of the traits.

Lack of cultivation of some Apiaceae family plants caused damage and uncontrolled exploitation of pastures and severe fluctuations in these plant markets. Therefore, efforts are essential to study the domestication of these species. For germination enhancement of three species including Dorema aucheri Boiss., Echinophora cinerea (Boiss.) Hedge & Lamondand Ferulag oangulata (Schlescht.) Boiss., six experiments in laboratory and greenhouse conditions were designed and performed during 2017-2018. At first, a completely randomized design factorial experiment with two factors (the first factor including 13 treatments consisted of stratification, soaking in GA3 or KNO3 and the second factor including stratification temperature consisted of 5, 10 and 15°C) was executed. In the second experiment, seedlings establishment was investigated in the different substrates. The results indicated that different treatments such as chilling, GA3, KNO3, and their integration had a low effect on Dorema aucheri seed germination. The effect of stratification at 4°C for 45 days on Echinophora cinerea (97.8%) and at 15°C for 45 days on Ferulago angulata (97.8%) was so clear on germination factors. The use of different growth media showed that studied species require relatively light medium and moisture during and after germination. Accordingly, mixed soil and cocopeat with 1:1 was the best substrate. It should be noted that the suitable medium for the primary growth of seeds was very similar to their natural habitats.

Citrus trees are among the most important tropical and subtropical fruit trees in the world. In recent years, newfound disorders have become a serious danger to citrus growing. In the last two years in Jahrom city and surrounding towns, there have been numerous reports about the rapid drying of whole of citrus trees or parts of them. Following studies by expert groups, the problem was referred to as "Citrus decline". Most researchers have divided the main causes of decline into biotic and abiotic groups. In fact, the disorder of citrus decline refers to any type of disorder, disease or problem that can ultimately lead to tree weakness and loss. In fact, decline can be considered a synonym for death.

In this study, 64 orchards located in the cities of Jahrom, Juyom, Khafr and their suburbs were studied. Each orchard consisted of at least 100 trees of ‘Lisbon’ cultivars (one to ten years old). Evaluations were carried out periodically and with a two-month intervals from March 1976 to November 1977. On the one hand decline rate and on the other hand desiccating rate (tree with complete drying) were measured. Average monthly air temperature, sodium absorption ratio (SAR), irrigation water, soil texture, manure consumption, irrigation amount ​​and methods, and spatial and temporal distribution of irrigation water were measured. Longitude, latitude and altitude were recorded using GPS. The meteorological data were obtained from weather station of Jahrom city. Soil sampling was performed using standard methods from all orchards. After determining the soil texture type, in order to data convert from qualitative to quantitative according to the amount of clay available, the numbers 1 to 10 were assigned to each sample. Number 5 was considered as medium and standard soil texture. If manure was applied, one unit was added to the soil texture score of less than 5 and one unit was subtracted from the numbers above 5. The presence or absence of shading on the studied trees (Green lace or palm tree) was assigned to zero and one numbers, respectively. Numbers zero and one were assigned to applied or non-applied soil sodium solute reducing fertilizers, respectively. The amount of clay, SAR (sodium absorption ratio) in irrigation water were obtained using the usual measurement methods in soil and water experiments. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 25) and Path analysis diagram was plotted using AMOS software (version 24). Multivariate statistical analyzes including factor analysis, correlation, cluster analysis and path analysis were performed to determine the relationships between variables and the percentage of decline.

According to the results of factor analysis, the first four factors accounted for 80.53% of the total variation. The first component (soil physical properties) including clay and soil texture accounted for 26.37% of the total variance. The second component (salt evaporation and accumulation) included temperature, mean age of the trees, and the rate of sodium absorption ratio (SAR) with accounting of 23.95% of the total variance. Significant correlations were observed between decline and mean tree age, decline and clay percentage, decline and presence of shading. Almost all of the declined trees reached the full drying stage, which is justified by the high correlation of the decline with desiccating (r=0.90 **). Percentage of decline had the highest correlation with tree age (r=0.67 **). Percentage of complete desiccating of the tree was also highly correlated with tree age (r=0.51 **). T-test to determine the correlation between two-level nominal variables such as application of shading (presence or absence of shading) and anti-salinity compounds (application or not application of salinity fertilizers) with decline occurrence was used. The mean percentage of decline was 29.66% in trees under shade and 57.40% in trees without shade. In general, the rate of decline in trees without shading is twice more than trees with shading. Path analysis identified the direct and indirect effects of variables on the rate of decline.

It was generally found that the decline is a multivariate physiological disorder that largely, can be controlled by some orchard management operations. In the meantime, temperature control and soil texture correction are important, especially in older trees. Increased temperature is one of the major causes of citrus decline that is also indirectly associated with other deteriorating factors. Soil quality changes gradually due to various factors so its correction is very important in reducing the incidence of this disorder.

Vermicompost is a type of organic fertilizer that contains the necessery nutrients for plant growth. In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost on morphophysiological traist of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), an experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with three replications under greenhouse conditions, in 2012. Treatments included two ecotypes of basil(green and purple) and five vermicompost levels (0, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% vermicompost volumetric). The results showed that there was significant difference in the studied traits (p

A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the extract biochemical variations among 25 spearmint population. The experiment was a randomized complete design (RCD) with 25 treatments (population) and three replications. For this purpose، three rhizomes with 5 cm length were selected and planted in each pot. All pots were kept out side. The plant samples of all treatments were harvested at full flowering stage and the most important extract biochemical factors such as chlorophyll a، b and total، carotenoide، flavone and flavonol، total flavonoide، total phenolic compound، antioxidant activity، and carbohydrate content were measured. Moreover، all characteristics of studied population were subjected to cluster analysis and correlation between factors was determined. There were significant differences among population in all studied factors. The highest and lowest chlorophyll contents (35. 77 and 10. 5 mg/g FW) were obtained in Fars- Khafr 2 and Mazandaran-Nour population، respectively. Among studied population، Isfahan 2، Mazandaran-Qaemshahr، Mazandaran-Nour and Yasouj were superior in extract biochemical valuable properties like antioxidant activity، total phenolic compounds، total flavonoides، and total carbohydrates. Also، some population of Fars province constituted more carotenoide and chlorophyll contents and were superior to others. Furthermore، a positive correlation was detected between antioxidant activity، phenolic compound، and total flavonoides.

In order to study the effects of different drying methods including oven, microwave and ambient (shade condition) on drying time, essential oil content, antioxidant activity and phenol compound of two populations of Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.), two separate experiments were carried out on two populations (Mashhad and Nishabur). The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications and 13 drying treatments (oven temperatures: 40, 50, 60 and 70 °C, six microwave powers: 100, 180, 300, 450, 600 and 900 w, shade drying and combination of drying with microwave (600 and 900 w) and shade drying). In addition, a comparison was performed between fresh sample and the mentioned treatments. Results showed that moisture content and measured active substances were different between studied populations. In both experiments, the longest drying time (about 30 hours and 32 h for Mashhad and Nishabur population, respectively) and the shortest drying time (about 5 minutes) was obtained at ambient temperature and 900 w microwave power treatments, respectively. In both experiments, the highest essential oil content (2.27 and 3.2% for Mashhad and Nishabur population, respectively) was obtained from fresh samples and then ambient temperature and microwave 900 w treatments. Essential oil content was decreased by increasing drying temperature. Essential oil content was in an average in all combination treatments. The highest antioxidant activity (82.5 and 81.8% in Mashhad and Nishabur population, respectively) was obtained by fresh samples while the lowest amount was obtained for Mashhad (60.7%) and Nishabur (53%) populations in ambient temperature and in 40°C oven dry, respectively. Maximum phenol compound was recorded for Mashhad population (165 mg GA/g DW) in 600 w microwave power and Nishabur population (524/7 mg GA/g DW) in 900 w microwave power, respectively

Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) from Lamiaceae family is one of the most important medicinal plants, used in food, sanitary and cosmetic industries. A field factorial experiment on the basis of randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2010-2011. In this study, the effects of three irrigation regimes (60, 80 and 100 percent of water requirements calculated by evaporation pan class A) and three mulch types (black plastic, wood chips and without mulch) were studied. The data obtained from each harvest analyzed separatly. The results of two harvest indicated that peppermint plants growth was better in the first harvesting than the second harvesting. Plants harvested in first harvesting had higher essential oil yield, but the highest percentage of essential oil (2.835 %v/w) and the highest essential oil yield (116.7l ha-1) was obtained from third level of irrigation (60%) with use of wood chips mulch at second harvest. The results of the essential oil analysis showed that menthol, menthone, iso-menthyl acetate, 1,8 cineole, menthofuran, neo- menthol, piperitone and limonene are the the main compounds with the greatest content.

In order to induce autopolyploidy in basil (Ocimum basilicum) two separate experiments (seed treatment and cotton plug method on apical meristem) was conducted in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design including colchicines concentrations (0, 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%) and the treatment time (6, 12 and 24 h) with four replications. On seed treatment all plants except control were perished. Morphological characteristics and flowcytometry data were used to detect and confirm polyploidization. The morphological and microscopic results showed that colchicines concentrations significantly affect autoploidy induction and the most cases (3.63%) observed on 0.05% concentration. Treatment time and interaction between concentration and time did not show a significant effect on this character. However the simple effects of concentration and treatment time were significantly different on survival percentage. Also concentration X time interaction showed a significant effect on this trait. Among the colchicines concentration levels, the second level (0.05%) showed the maximum survival percentage (47.7%) after the control. Higher concentrations caused more death in plants. Also the highest survival percentage (60.5%) appears in 12h duration of treatment. Generally, the best results to induce polyploidy obtained in 0.05% colchicines concentration for six hours when the treatment was treated using cotton plug.

To study the effect of planting date on morphological characteristic, yield and essential oil content of Achillea millefolium sub sp millefolium.L., an experiment in a randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with four treatments including four planting date (6 July, 1 August, 7 September and 7 October) in four replications was conducted. During the growing stage and at the end of experiment period, following factors were measured: time and growth degree day (GDD) to bolting and flowering, plant height, shoot number, lateral inflorescence numbers, inflorescence diameter and height, inflorescence yield, essential oil percentage and yield and total biomass. Our results indicated that planting date affects all of the measured factors. In the first planting date, the plants were tall (116 cm) and had big inflorescence (9.97 and 8.72 cm for inflorescence diameter and height respectively). Most measured traits (shoot and lateral inflorescence number, inflorescence dry weight and total biomass) had highest value in the August 1st planting date and lowest value in forth planting date (7 October 7th. Essential oil percentage was affected by planting date and the highest essential oil percentage (0.17) was produced in 7 October and the lowest (0.13) was obtained in August 1st planting date but the maximum and minimum essential oil yield (1.77 and 0.87 ml) relation with 1 August and 7 September planting date respectively. In conclusion, 1 August is the best date for sowing of the plant. In general, The first of August was the best planting date for this Achillea species in Mashhad climate.

In order to compare the growth indices and phenological stages of development of two local and commercial varieties of radish in response to different levels of population, an experiment was conducted as factorial on the basis of completely randomized block design in the greenhouse in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran during 2009-2010. Treatments were included two varieties of radish as first factor and three levels of population containing 85, 120 and 170 Pl m-2 as second factor. Phenological stages and growth indices including fresh and dry weight, leaf area, relative growth rate, special leaf area, leaf area ratio, net assimilation rate, edible part yield and dry matter allocation to leaves and roots in optimal conditions since the beginning of germination until final harvest were analyzed. The results showed that there is no significant difference between two varieties in relation to the germination time and 2 and 4 leaves stages in different planting densities. But two varieties responded differently to the different planting densities since the beginning of tubering. The local variety showed higher leaf area ratio and leaf area index, and higher intercepted radiation, but the allocation of photosynthate was more to leaves than edible root. Commercial cultivar showed significantly more economic yield than local cultivar. Increasing the population to170 pl m-2 significantly increased leaf area and leaf area index, radiation use efficiency, leaf weight and biomass, but it had no significant effect on the radish root weight.

Achillea (Yarrow) is one of the most important genera of the Asteraceae family and different species grow wild in different parts of Iran. These species have ornamental and medicinal potential for use in drought area. The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of drought stress induce by Poly Ethylene Glycol 6000 (PEG) on germination percentage and rate of Achillea species. An experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors in three replications was conducted. The first factor included 5 drought level (0, -5, -7, -9 and -20 bar that zero bar as control) and second factor included 6 species of Achillea (A. eriophora, A. millefolium, A. filipendula, A. nobilis, A. wilhelmsii and A. biebersteinii). The seed were collected from Shiraz, Mashhad and Karaj area. According to the results of statistical analysis, different levels of drought stress and type of species had significant effect (p<0.01) on measured characteristics (germination percentage, germination rate and radicle length). In this species radicle length affected by drought stress less than other traits and germination percentage was the best trait for drought stress evaluation. Finally, A. millefolium and A. eriophora have the highest drought tolerance and the lowest drought tolerance belongs to A. biebesteinii and A. nobilis. The A. wilhelmsii and A. filipendula have relative drought tolerance in germination stage.

Achillea wilhelmsii Koch. is an aromatic plants belonging to Asteraceae family that has relatively wide distribution in different parts of Iran. In this study, we compared essential oil contents and constituents in two wild populations under two different ecological conditions (Fars and Khorasan Provinces, South West and North East of Iran respectively). The blooming herbs were collected and the essential oils of the samples were extracted after drying by “Clevenger apparatus”. Essential oil constituents were determined by GC and GC-MS. Our results showed that “Khorasan” population of Achillea wilhelmsii contains more essential oils than “Fars” population (0.65 and 0.2 % v/w respectively). Thirty components of “Khorasan” population that were 96.94% of total components were determined successfully and the main components were camphore(19.06%), cembrene(10%), 1,8-cieole(8.78%), alpha pinene(8.06%) and linalool (7.47%). Thirty-two components (91.98%) of “Fars” wild population were determined and the main components were isopentyl-isovalerate(9.46%), alpha pinene(8.75%), 1,8-cineole(8.70%), eudesmol(10-epi-gama)(5.56%), spathulenol(4.94%). Cembrene(10%), Germacrene B( 5.68 %) and Sabinene(4.34%) were detected in Mashhad population but not in Shiraz population. 10-epi Gamma Eudesmole(5.65%), Benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal(4.47%) and Ionone (4.29%) were detected in Shiraz population but not in Mashhad population. In conclusion, there are differences between these two populations as far as essential oils content and constituents are concerned.