فهرست مطالب علی اکبر شریفی

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy on the reduction of anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks in veterans with PTSD. This study was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with control group, The population of the study consisted all male Veterans in Marand in the year of 2019, among whom a sample of 30 veterans with PTSD were randomly selected to two groups of experimental (15 male) and control (15 male). Measurement tools included were posttrumatic stress disorder checklist (military version), Anxiety Sensitivity (Reiss, Peterson, Gursky & McNally, 1986) and Symptom panic (Liebowitz & et al, 1990). Then, trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy were performed for 12 sessions (90 minutes in per session) each week for the experimental group. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 using multiple covariance analysis. After controlling the effects of pretest, the mean scores of anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (p<0.001). Training trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy education can be effective reduces anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks in veterans with PTSD.

In the case of working memory in children, due to the basic challenges in evaluating it, there are few tools. The present study was conducted to develop and Normalization Working memory test for children.

This research was a descriptive study and test construction. Among the first to sixth grade students of Shahrekord, 324 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and were measured by computerized working memory test for children.

The reliability of the whole test was obtained 0.814 by using retest method. Also, Our results suggested a significant positive correlation between Working Memory Test Battery for Children and the computerized working memory test for children in the range of 0.513 to 0.791. result of exploratory factor analyses using principal component analysis with varimax rotation showed that 9 subscales explained 86.54% of the variance of the data. The first, second, third, and fourth factors explained 29.42, 19.78, 18.86, and 18.49 percent of variance, respectively.

The computerized working memory test for children has satisfactory psychometric properties in the Iranian children's pupulation, which can be used to measure children's working memory.

Visual search is an active search in the visual environment to find a particular object or feature among other specific objects or attributes. The purpose of this research was to standardize and evaluate the validity and reliability of the visual search test on first and second grade elementary schools students in Ahwaz.

The present research is descriptive through using exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis. The research sample consisted of 264 children in District 4 of Ahwaz who were selected by random sampling and Participated in the visual search test. To determine reliability, a test-retest administration with a two-week interval was used. Moreover, the embedded image test was performed on 50 previous subjects to obtain the simultaneous validity of the test. The obtained data were analyzed using statistical methods of correlation, Cronbach's alpha, and factor analysis by SPSS 21 software.

The results showed the reliability coefficient of retest visual search test were in the range of 0.357 to 0.732 and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for visual search test was 0.827. Pearson correlation coefficient between the total positive index of the total visual search test and the latent shapes test was 0.642, which was significant with 99% confidence.

the research results showed the optimal psychometric properties of the visual search test. Therefore, this test can be used for research and clinical purposes.

In order to investigate the effect of biodegradable nanocomposite edible coatings carboxymethylcellulose-based on the internal quality and morphology of the table eggshell surface an experimental with 120 eggs in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates were performed. Treatments included uncoated eggs (control), eggs containing carboxymethylcellulose coating, eggs containing carboxymethylcellulose-oleic acid coating and eggs containing carboxymethylcellulose-oleic acid-nanoclay nanocomposite coating. Coating was done by immersion method and the eggs were stored at ambient temperature (25±1oc) for 5 weeks. Internal quality parameters were evaluated at the end of weeks 1, 3 and 5 and eggshell surface morphology at the beginning and end of the experimental period. The results showed that eggs containing nanocomposite coating at the end of storage period have the lowest percentage of weight loss and the lowest numerical value of thiobarbituric acid index (P <0.05) and the highest numerical value of albumen pH, the highest numerical values of yolk index and haugh units (P <0.05). In addition, the surface of the eggshell containing nanocomposite coating was more integrated and less porous and fractured than the control group. Therefore, the nanocomposite coating of carboxymethylcellulose-oleic acid-nanoclay can be used as a biocompatible packaging for storage eggs at ambient temperature for 5 weeks without adversely affecting the internal quality and eggshell.

Women heads of households have more psychological problems than other women and have a lower level of psychological well-being. The aim of present study was the Effectiveness of Concentration-Based Treatment on Happiness and Life Expectancy in female-headed households supported by the Welfare of Lamerd county.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow up, with a control group. The study population contains all female-headed households supported by the Lamerd’s Welfare Office in 2020. Thirty people were selected by the accessible sampling method and were replaced randomly in the experimental and control groups fifteen individuals for each group. The two groups answered the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire(Argyle & Lu, 1989) and Hope Scale(Snyder et al.,1991) in three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The experimental group received eight sessions of compassion-focused therapy and the control group did not receive any intervention. 

The findings of repeated measures showed that there is a significant difference between Happiness and life expectancy in the experimental and control group in the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up (P<0.01). The results also showed that the therapeutic effects remained at the follow-up stage. 

According to the findings, it can be concluded that compassion-focused therapy can be used to increase the happiness and life expectancy of female-headed households.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of The Parenting Program to mothers on executive functions and academic motivation of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included all mothers of children with ADHD in Kashan, from whom 32 people were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Harter’s academic motivation questionnaire (1981) and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function were used. After the pre-test, the experimental group received positive parenting training in 7 sessions of 60 minutes, and the control group did not receive any training. After all training sessions, a post-test was performed. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and SPSS-26 software. The results showed that positive parenting education to mothers has a significant effect on executive functions and academic motivation (F = 71.63 and p <0.01) of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It seems that positive parenting education for mothers improves executive functions and academic motivation of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on pre-school children’s anxiety. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of the study was all students with anxiety disorders in Abhar, Zanjan. The statistical sample consisted of 30 subjects (anxiety disorder) who were selected by cluster-sampling method and randomly were embedded in two experimental and two control groups. Preschool Anxiety Scale (PSA) and Conner’s Form were used for pre-test and post-test. At first, a pretest was performed on subjects in all four groups, and then the subjects received 12 sessions of 1 hour weekly two sessions of remedial education. After the intervention, the subjects in each of the four groups were evaluated by post-test. For analyzing the data, covariance analysis was used. The results showed a significant difference between the mean of post-test scores of the experiment and control groups (anxiety disorder) (P <0.05 and F = 50.33) .In other words, cognitive-behavioral therapy reduces children's anxiety.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on improving working memory of adolescents with traumatic brain injury. The method of this research was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with control and follow-up groups. To conduct this study, 20 adolescents aged 9-18 years with traumatic brain injury referred to medical centers in Sadaf Shahriar (Parandmehr Clinic) were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups of 10 experimental and control. To measure the dependent variable of working memory, Wechsler scale 4 subtests (auditory measurement of working memory) and Benton test (visual-spatial measurement of working memory) were used. The experimental group underwent cognitive rehabilitation intervention (12 sessions of 45 minutes). Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in pre-test, post-test and follow-up of working memory performance. The results showed a significant difference between the mean scores of working memory (auditory and visual-spatial measurements) of the experimental group and the control group in the post-test. In addition, there was no significant difference between post-test scores and follow-up in the experimental group, which showed the effect of cognitive rehabilitative perstability on working memory performance in adolescents with brain injury. Therefore, cognitive rehabilitation has a significant effect on improving working memory performance in patients with brain injury and can be used as an effective and useful method to improve working memory performance in adolescents with brain damage.

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of computerized cognitive rehabilitation on working memory and cognitive flexibility among children with Learning Disorder (LD).

This research was performed in semi-experimental manner with the pre-test, post-test and a controlgroup and with 45-day following-up. Among the students with learning disabilities, 24 students with learning disabilities were randomly selected and assigned to two experimental and control groups (12 people for each group). To collect the data, N-Back Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were used. Data were analyzed by mixed analysis of variance (2×3) using the SPSS-24 software.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between experimental and control groups in working memory (F=19.21, df= 1.33, 29.34, p<0.05), number of categories (F=8.49, df=2, 44, p<0.05) and perseverative errors (F=11.07, df=1.55, 34.92, p<0.05).

According to these results, it can be said that computerized cognitive rehabilitation is effective on improving of working memory and cognitive flexibility in children with learning disorder.

The aim of the current study was to explain the relationship of self-discrepancy and academic resilience with academic procrastination in students. The research method is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the present study included all students of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, from which 242 students were selected by cluster sampling. Higgins` scale of self-discrepancies (1987), samuels` academic resilience questionnaire (2004), and sevari` academic procrastination questionnaire (2012) were used to collect data. In order to analyze data, Pearson correlation quotient and Stepwise multiple regression were used. The results showed showed a positive and significant correlation between ought-actual (r = 0.36) and actual -ideal (r = 0.39) with academic procrastination but not between resilience and academic procrastination. In addition, stepwise regression analysis showed that among the predictor variables, the actual-ideal self-discrepancy could predict more than 15% of the variance of academic procrastination. People with self-discrepancy are more likely to be procrastinating. Ideal-actual self-discrepancy is also the strongest predictor of procrastination. Thus, students who experience a great deal of difference between their actual and ideal self are more procrastinate than those who experience a difference between their actual and ought self.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy on the reduction of brain-behavioral systems Sensitveness and experimental avoidance of veterans with PTSD. The current study is a semi-experimental one with pretest-posttest design with control group, The statistical population of this study included all Veterans in Marand in the year of 2019, among which 30 were selected as veterans with PTSD who referred to pouyameher Counseling and Psychological Services Center. Were selected through purposive sampling method and randomaly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. The data were collected using a posttrumatic stress disorder checklist (military version), Behavioural inhibition and behavioural activation system scales (BIS/BAS) and acceptance and action questionnaire-II (AAQ). Then, trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy were performed for 12 sessions (90 minutes in per session) each week for the experimental group. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 using multiple covariance analysis. After controlling the effects of pretest, the mean scores of behavioural inhibition and behavioural activation system and experiential avoidance were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (p<0.001). Training trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy education can be effective reduces brain-behavioral systems and experiential avoidance of veterans with PTSD. Therefore, the design and implementation of intervention based on this treatments can be useful in educating and promoting mental health in veterans with PTSD.

Chemotherapy is one of the most basic treatments for cancer patients, which, along with the treatment of the disease, causes many problems for people with the disease. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on retrospective and prospective memory of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The study population consisted of all women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy who referred to health centers in Tehran. The semi-experimental research design was pretest-posttest with control group. From this population, 30 participants were selected by convenience sampling and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (15 in each group). Cognitive rehabilitation was performed using the Cognitive Memory and Attention Rehabilitation Program.. Data were collected using a retrospective and prospective memory scale of Crawford et al. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed a significant decrease in the retrospective and prospective memory problems in the experimental group compared to the control group. As a result, providing low-cost and useful services such as cognitive rehabilitation can be helpful to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapies (CCRT) on improvement of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and working memory capacity (WM) in elderly women. This study was a quasi experimental design with a pretest-posttest design with a control group with a one month follow-up. Subjects included 16 elderly women 65 years and older with mild cognitive impairment and low capacity of working memory at the Mehrpouyan elderly home in Behbahan city in 2018-2019. They were selected with an available sampling method and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups. Each group included 8 persons. To evaluate the Main Mental Status Examination (MMSE) (Fulestine et, al., 1975) and the Working Memory Capacity Test (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). The experimental group was trained for 8 session with a memory rehabilitation software and the control group did not received any training. Data was analyzed with mixed analysis of variance. The scores from the MMSE and the Working Memory Capacity of the experimental group increased dramatically. As a result, computerized cognitive rehabilitation had a significant effect on the improvement of cognitive impairment and the capacity of working memory in elderly women.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of attentive rehabilitation of attention and memory (ARAM) on phonological working memory span and expressive and receptive language development in cochlear implant deaf children. This study was a quasi -experimental design with a pretest- posttest design with a control group and one momnth follow-up. Participants were 16 cochlear implanted children aged 6 to 8/9 years in exceptional elementary schools of Ahwaz in 2018- 2019 school year that were been selected with an available sampling method and randomly replaced in the experimental and control groups. Each group was include 8 person and both groups were evaluated by Wechsler Memory Scale subtest and Told-p: 3 (Persian version) in the same condition. The experimental group received 8 sessions and each session lasts for 45 minutes per a month of ARAM and the control group did not received any training. Both groups were evaluated again at the end of intervention and 1 month after that. Data analyzed with mixed analysis of variance (2×3). Phonological working memory span and expressive and receptive language development scores of children who received the ARAM was improved significantly rather than they who did not received that.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on the attention and problem solving of children with traumatic brain injury. The Method was A semi-experimental pre-test post-test study was performedwith a one month follow-up period. 30 children from 9 to 15 years old (12 girls and 18 boys) were selected by random sampling from all children with traumatic brain injury in the academic year of 2017-18 in Tehran, and divided into two groups of 15 subjects and control were distributed.To measure dependent variables, namely selective attention, sustained attention, and problem solving, Stroop software tests, continuous performance, and Tower of London have been used. The experimental group after the implementation of the cognitive empowerment (12 sessions 45 minutes) and dropping to 13 and the control group eventually decreased to 13 people. Data were analyzed by mixed analysis of variance (2×3) model with using SPSS-22 software. The results of mixed analysis of variance (2×3) showed a significant difference between the means of namely selective attention, sustained attention, and problem solving in experimental and waiting- list control groups. Moreover, the post-test and follow-up scores in the experimental group was not satistically different. So cognitive rehabilitation have significant effect on selective attention, sustained attention, and problem solving in children with traumatic brain injury and it can be used as an effective and helpful method to improve attention and problem solving of these patients.

Cancer disease requires additional treatments such as chemotherapy. Chemotherapy has many effects on executive functions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on the working memory of women with breast cancer under chemotherapy. This is a semi-experimental study with control group, pre-test, post-test and random appointment to the experimental and control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of women with breast cancer under the chemotherapy in Tehran. Among them, 30 samples were targeted and among those with breast cancer who were referred to hospitals of Shahdai Tajrish and Imam Khomeini hospitals in Tehran were chosen. Cognitive rehabilitation was performed using "Attentive Rehabilitation of Attention and Memory" software and N-Back Test was used to collect data. Validity and reliability of this instrument were reviewed and approved in previous studies. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 23. The correct component score of the active memory variable of the experimental group in the post-test (20.00 ± 2.92) was increased compared to the pre-test (15.85 ± 1.47) and the component of the total time in the post-test (99.31 ± 32.92) compared to the pre-test (161.93 ± 47.00). Also, the significant improvement in the correct response component (F = 307.6, P < 0.05) and total time (F = 90.49, P < 0.05) were the active memory of the women in the experimental group compared to the control group. Using cognitive rehabilitation program reduces the working memory of women with breast cancer under chemotherapy. Therefore, health professionals can use low cost and useful therapies such as cognitive rehabilitation to reduce the problems associated with chemotherapy

Health-related concerns do not destroy with the usual reassurance from others and even the physicians but are transmitted over time from one disease to another. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of health anxiety inventory in caregiver of cancer patients.
In a descriptive study, a sample of 255 people (153 women and 102 males) was selected through available sampling method from caregivers of cancer patients as samples of this study.
The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using the internal consistency, split- half and test-retest, respectively 0.95, 0.86 and 0.63. Also, the convergent validity of the questionnaire was 0.74 with Beck Depression Inventory. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two- factor model had moderate fitness and the three-factor model proposed by authors had a good fitness.
The results showed that health anxiety inventory has good psychometric properties in caregiver of cancer patients.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the CNS that due to cognitive impairment, can reduce the quality of life in these patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate effect of computerized cognitive rehabilitation on prospective & working memory function in Multiple Sclerosis patients. 46 MS patients aged 20–40 who have the inclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to experimental and waiting-list control groups. Experimental group trained for 12 session with a Memory rehabilitation software and waiting-list control group did not receive any intervention and training of this group was postponed after conducting research. Daneman and Carpenter's capacity working memory and Retrospective-Prospective Memory Scale was applied at pretest, posttest, and follow-up. The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant difference between the means of working memory in experimental and waiting-list control groups. Also, the results of the present study indicate that a significant difference between the means of prospective memory in experimental and waiting-list control groups. Moreover, the post-test and follow-up scores in the experimental group was not statistically different. So Computerized cognitive rehabilitation have significant effect on prospective and working memory performance in patients with Multiple sclerosis and it can be used as an effective and helpful method to improve memory performance of these patients.

The current research was done to investigate the effectiveness of group training of anger control with rational, behavioral and emotional approach on reducing the aggression of male prisoners of central jail, Shahrekord, Iran.
This research is a pilot study with control group. Statistical population was all the male prisoners of central jail, Shahrekord, in 2010. 40 prisoners who obtained a score above average in aggression test were selected by simple multi stage random method and they were randomly divided into two experimental (20 prisoners) and control (20 prisoners) groups. Aggression General Questionnaire (AGQ) was used as the screening tool. Then, 12 sessions (lasting one hour and a half) of cognitive group therapy was run by Michael Feri's protocol on experimental group. A month later after therapeutic intervention, AGQ Test was taken from both groups.
The results of repeated measure analysis showed that there's a significant difference between aggression score of the two groups in post-test and follow up stage.
Discussion and Group training of anger control by rational, behavior and emotional method is effective in reducing the aggression of male prisoners of central jail, Shahrekord, Iran.

Working memory deficits are common in traumatic brain injury
and causing much compromise in patients’ activity of daily living. Research has
shown possiblility to improve working memory through cognitive training. The
purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of computerized cognitive
rehabilitation on working memory performance in patients with traumatic brain
injury.
Fifty two patients with traumatic brain injury aged 16-40 who
fulfilled the inclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to experimental and waiting-list control groups. The experimental group was trained for 8 session with a Memory rehabilitation software while the waiting-list control group did not receive any intervention and the training was postponed until after the conclusion of this research. The Wechsler memory index was employed to assess the working memory at baseline, post-test, and follow-up time points.
The results of ANCOVA suggested a significant difference between the means of working memory in experimental and waiting-list control groups. The posttest
and follow-up scores in the experimental group were not statistically
different.
The computerized cognitive rehabilitation appeared to
exert a significant effect on working memory performance in patients with
traumatic brain injury.

Aim: Purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of computerized cognitive rehabilitation on prospective memory performance in patients with traumatic brain injury.
Method was experimental with pretest & posttest design with waiting-list control. Study population included all patients with brain injury who referred to neurologists in the city of Shahrekord in Iran (N=150). 52 patients with traumatic brain injury, who met the inclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to experimental and waiting-list control groups. Experimental group trained for eight sessions with a memory rehabilitation software and waiting-list control group did not receive any intervention. Training for this group was postponed after the conclusion of training the experimental group. To assess prospective memory at pretest, posttest, and follow-up, the retrospective-prospective memory Scale Crawford, et al. (2003) was used.
Findings showed a significant difference between the means of prospective memory in experimental and waiting-list control groups. Also, post-test and follow-up scores in the experimental group were not statistically different.
Computerized cognitive rehabilitation has a significant effect on prospective memory performance in patients with traumatic brain injury. Hence, it can be used as an effective and helpful method to improve memory performance of these patients.