علیرضا عبدالهی

Considering the continuous emphasis of government, judicial, law enforcement and security institutions on fighting the crime of goods smuggling, which reduces production and employment, part of its consequences, the present research focuses on the integration of technologies and aims to investigate how to fight against smuggling. The product is written using the integration of GIS and RFID systems.

This research is of a survey type in terms of practical purpose and descriptive-analytical nature. The study population of the research is 105 people, including the chiefs and deputies of the Economic Security Police and Customs Police of Farajah and the provinces, and the sample size is 82 people using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling. Data was collected in two forms, library and questionnaire, and one-sample t-test and SPSS 23 software were used for data analysis.

Based on the findings of the research, the necessity and effectiveness of the research hypotheses has been confirmed and the role of GIS and RFID systems and their points of commonality in the fight against goods smuggling has been identified as related to the three hypotheses of the research. In fact, the findings are in line with the background of the research, despite the newness of the issues raised.

According to the results of the research, in order, the common points of the two systems, GIS capabilities and RFID capabilities have the most impact in the fight against goods smuggling. Designing an integrated surveillance and control system using the RFID system and completing the information layers of the GIS system by the customs police are among the suggestions to fight this crime.

Criminal profiling is a research tool that is used by police,psychologists,academics and consultants to identify the main personality,behavioral and demographic characteristics of a criminal,based on the analysis of crime scene behaviors.On the other hand, one of the most effective crimes in terms of distorting the trust in society and the credibility of regulatory bodies is the crime of fraud.The purpose of this research is to draw the profile of fraud criminals.

This research is applied in terms of type and purpose,and in terms of method and descriptive nature,it is a survey type.The statistical population of the research is the fraudsters arrested by the Fateb Intelligence Police,who were selected by the purposeful sampling method and 80 people were selected to measure personality traits.Cattel's16-factor test was used.

In the inductive approach used in this research,the identification of possible perpetrators was carried out under the shadow of two main indicators,namely the general behavior of fraud offenders and their motivations, by exploiting the information available in the database of criminals and the characteristics Their personality and behavior were adapted and based on this,fraudsters have special behavioral-personality characteristics that achieve their goals by taking advantage of the legal factors underlying the crime of fraud and according to the special characteristics of this crime. The results of this research strengthen the intellectual framework about the role of psychological infrastructure in the crime of fraud and can help to direct future studies about this crime in the direction of finding and discovering it.

A new proof identifies precisely how large a mathematical graph must be before it contains a regular substructure.

Geoelectrical method can be regarded as one of the newest methods that can play an important role in determining hydraulic parameters of the aquifer layers with cost prohtive and acceptable accuracy. In this study, attempt has been made to use the geoelectrical method in areas where the bedrock remains at upper level and aquifer is porous. Accordingly, a study area for estimating hydraulic parameters Zarrinabad Gol Tappeh plain located in Zanjan province, one of the northwestern provinces of Iran, was selected. The determination of hydraulic coefficients by the geoelectric method is based on the calculations presented by Singal and Nivas, calculations that use the modified transverse resistance. 38 soundings were obtained in Zarrinabad Gol Tappeh plain by several field visits and therefore 18 electrical soundings were selected to determine the hydraulic parameters . The interpretation of soundings data was performed using IPI2win software. Evaluations on data shows that the constant values (kб) are composed of three independent classes in Zarinabad plain.pointed out, The hydraulic coefficients can be determined according Singal and Nivas earliar classifications. The calculated results showed that the obtained hydraulic coefficients, has no significant difference between the drilling logs and the result of geoelectric method. The correlation between the transmissivity t and the modified transverse resistance (with a correlation coefficient of 0.97) indicates the accuracy of experiments in this plain and also confirms previous studies of Singal and Niwas.

The introduction of ATMs in the social life of individuals and the development of information technology, especially mobile phones, has given rise to various forms of misuse of these devices, which are discussed under the heading of telephone fraud.

Statistical population of research, police officers Awareness of the history of activities in the field of combating counterfeiting and fraud and judges and lawyers, a total of 80 people who have been selected in total. Collection of information in the form of a library using a researcher-made questionnaire for Data analysis and ranking were used as a sample t-test and Friedman test. Then the data obtained from the questionnaires were entered into a computer and analyzed using SPSS 22 statistical software. To determine the content validity of the questionnaire. The research questionnaire was provided to experts and approved with modifications of the questionnaire. To measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha statistic was used and its value was 0.82, which indicates the optimal reliability of the questionnaire.

Based on the findings Research, in order of structural factors-information technology, Preliminary, legal-judicial and scientific-laboratory investigations are among the priorities of the effectiveness of information-oriented police in the criminalization of this crime. Therefore, the factors under investigation can be effective in criminalizing phone fraud on a card-to-card basis.

Quantitative and qualitative improvements in surgeries have increased the need for transfusions, leading to double pressure for proper blood storage and increasing the likelihood of unnecessary cross-match and high cross-match to transfusion ratio (C / T Ratio). In this study, we evaluated the role of anesthesia and surgical assistants training in reducing the C / T Ratio.

Between April 2018 and April 2019, sixty-two anesthesia and surgical assistants of different specialties in Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex in Tehran were first trained on the amount of blood requested. Then we evaluated the effect of training on CT Ratio one month before training and one month after training by reviewing files and counting blood bank data. The significance is considered as p <0.05.

Twenty-one (33.9%) of 62 assistants were female. The mean C / T ratio before and after training was 3.87± 1.88 and 3.06 ±1.13, respectively which was significantly different. In control group, the mean C/T ratio before and after education was 3.59±0.91 and 3.75±0.77, respectively, that was not significantly different. In the group of female residents, the mean C / T ratio after training was significantly reduced (P = 0.03) while in the group of training male residents the mean C / T ratio before and after education did not change significantly (P: 0.44).

It seems that the supply and demand pattern of blood products in Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex as a referral center is not suitable which imposes extra costs on health system. It is recommended that transfusion request training courses and hemovigilance systems should be considered more seriously.

ICT has been introduced as the dominating technologies in the new millennium. These technologies have been transformed into tools for productivity, efficiency and growth in human communities through expediting the process of information exchange and they have also provided an easy access to the results of mass accumulation of prodused data. This research which has been conducted using systematic approach and with a descriptive-analytical method and in library manner, as well, is descriptive because information was gathered through information search and it is analytical because after the required information was obtained, it was recapitulated, classified and analyzed and assessed, too. The statistical society included the present local and foreign sources ranging from books, laws and regulations, theses, quarterlies, scientific articles, experts’ views, electronic sources and related websiste, as well. Methods and tools of information collection have been via documentary information note-taking and library studies, as well and the obtained concepts were systematized and analyzed. Cohesion and sustainability of the research are verified in regards to the provided documents and references. In case police is provided with the standard spatial data infrastructures and transformation of CID present data bank (or other specialized police forces) and other agencies, as well, police can then obtain updated crime and delinquency-related data at the fastest possible time and take actions to identify and arrests criminals.

Althaea officinalis L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill. and Rosa x damascena Herrm. are used to treat excision or burn lesions in traditional medicine.

To evaluate the healing effect of a polyherbal ointment containing L. angustifolia, R. x damascena, and A. officinalis combination on wounds caused by third grade skin cut.

To evaluate the wound healing effect of this polyherbal formulation, an ointment containing the extract of A. officinalis, the essential oil of R. x damascena (2 % essence) and the essential oil of L. officinalis (2 % essence) in an eucerin base (20:20:10:50) was prepared. The formulation was examined using excision wound test for 14 days and the percentage of healing effect in each group was calculated. Formalin induced rat hind paw edema method was used for determination of anti-inflammatory activities of the same formulation.

The percentage of recovery in the polyherbal formulation group was significantly higher than the other groups. Histological studies also confirmed these results. Herbal formulation treated group showed significant improvement in terms of re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and reducing inflammation. The percentage of wound healing was 99.07 ± 0.34, 99.22 ± 0.35, 98.45 ± 0.733, 98.75 ± 0.88 and 63.72 ± 5.64, for the polyherbal formulation, L. angustifolia, R. damascena, A. officinalis extracts, and the placebo group, respectively.

This polyherbal formulation could act as a wound healing agent, possibly due to the suppression of inflammatory mediators. The presence of phenolic compounds might be a reason behind the therapeutic effect of these plants.

Identity documents are among creations and manifestations of rights and civilization of recent era and a permission to enter the civil world. In our country, identity documents such as birth certificates, national identity cards, military service completion or exemption cards, passports, driver’s licenses and occupational identity documents like governmental departmental identity cards are documents which are used to verify the identity of people. These documents are the bases for other documents. On the other hand, forgery and abuse of forged documents are an important factor for reducing public peace, minimizing trust level of individuals from civil organizations and agencies and eliminating the security and health of a society, as well. The present research has been carried out with the aim of identifying modern methods of combating the forgery of identity documents. This research is of applied type from the standpoint of type and objective and of surveying from the standpoint of method and descriptive nature. The research statistical community includes NAJA and FATEB CID police officers with over 5 years of activity background in the teams and deputate in combating forgery and fraud numbering 80 individuals that were selected generally.Information collection was conducted in library form and using questionnaire in which single-sample T Test was used for data analysis and the Freedman Test was used for ranking. According to the research findings, the modern methods of combating the forgery of identity documents were identified in three domains of security, electronic and biometric parameters. The research results revealed the extent of each parameter and index presented in crime detection of the research subject.

Ethnomedicinal plants are of interest for treatment of various wound types.

This study aimed to evaluate burn wound healing potential of the hydro-alcoholic extract of the flowers of Lilium candidum L. in rats.

DPPH free radical scavenging power, total flavonoids, and the phenolic content of the extract were evaluated. Following burn wound induction, 30 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups; silver sulfadiazine cream 1% (reference standard), eucerin (control), and 5%, 10% and 20% ointments of L. candidum flowers extract (treatment groups). Wound contraction and the percentage of wound healing were measured every day until 14th day and the histological changes were evaluated.

DPPH assay of L. candidum extract indicated high antioxidant activity. Total phenolic content of L. candidum extract was equal to 157 mg gallic acid equivalent/g; while total flavonoid was measured as 32.4 mg quercetin equivalent/g dried extract. The mean of wound area was significantly different in three 5%, 10% and 20% extract-treated rats in comparison with the control. Although, 20% ointment of L. candidum flowers extract demonstrated the best wound healing improvement, even better than silver sulfadiazine. Histopathological analysis confirmed the wound healing activity of L. candidum and promoting tissue repair, especially for the ointment containing 20% extract.

Regarding the high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, besides potent antioxidant properties of the flowers of L. candidum, the use of its ointments led to significant decrease of burn wound area, suggesting that these extract ointments can treat burn wounds and improve the healing processes.

With the advent of ATM to the State banking network and the their public acceptance and welcome, we witness a new fraud method in a manner that perpetrators lure their victims to come to an ATM through phone call or sending SMS or other ways and by exploiting the victims’ ignorance of the ATM functions, transfer some amount of money to their own accounts. On the other hand, there are no particular criteria in the fraud through ATMs and any person at any age, education or job could be a victim of this kind of crime. The present research has been written with the aim of investigating the effective factors in the detection of phone fraud crime using ATM card to card method. This research is of applied type in terms of type and objective and is of survey in terms of descriptive-analytical method and nature. The statistical community includes CID officers with background of activity in assistance and FATEB teams countering forgery and fraud enforcement teams or NAJA and judiciary judges and lawyers totaling 80 individuals. Information gathering was done through library and using questionnaires in which to analyze data, single-sample T Test was used and for ranking, Freedman Test was employed. According to the research findings, all the hypotheses of interest were substantiated which are in the order of familiarization of judiciary officials with the technical and legal principles of cyber crimes, police interaction with judiciary officials, organic equipment and detectives’ abilities in the priority of affecting the detection of the crime of phone fraud using ATM card to card method. The research results revealed the rate of effect of each hypothesis and presented indexes in crime detection. Therefore; the factors to be investigated can be effective in the detection of the crime of phone fraud using ATM card to card method.

Because of the unexpected and often dramatic inhibition of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion related with the usage of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-antagonist, there has been a probable need for exogenous LH supplementation. There is a basic and clinical evidences that show late development of follicle needs an LH but there is a threshold for LH requirements during folliculogenesis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in serum LH and the identification of patients who benefit from the addition of LH. Seventy volunteers for antagonist protocol in IVF cycle were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study. The study was carried out in Reproductive Health Research Center, University of Medical Sciences between July 2016 and February 2016. Serum LH level was estimated 24 h before and after the first (GnRH) antagonist injection. The primary outcome was the serum level of LH and its change in the three groups and the secondary outcome was Egg and Embryo quality. LH changes above or below 50% had no effect on the number of follicle, the number of oocyte, Germinal vesicle oocyte, metaphase 1 oocyte, metaphase 2 oocyte, endometrial thickness, and chemical and clinical pregnancy. We evaluated the changes of serum LH in the patients who were entered in the antagonist protocol. Our study showed no significant difference in LH levels 24 h before and after the injection of the antagonist between the three groups, and LH changes did not affect the outcome of pregnancy.

Fungi have a worldwide distribution which can cause a broad spectrum of disease ranging from allergic to systemic infections, particularly in immuno-compromised individuals. Fungal spores are an important group of bioaerosols in hospital environment which are an emerging cause of hospital-acquired infection. Nosocomial infections cause significant morbidity and mortality as well as large financial burden on the healthcare system. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and species distribution of airborne fungi in selected wards of two tertiary hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
In this cross-sectional study, samples were collected during six months from July 2016 to December 2016 by using of settle plate method. Samples were collected from selected wards of Imam Khomeini Hospital and Children's Medical Center and then incubated at 28 °C for 8-10 days. Fungal isolates were identified using the macroscopic features of colony and microscopic characteristics in slide cultures. Yeast isolates were identified by CHROMagar candida medium. PCR-sequencing of ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 region of ribosomal DNA was used for identification of unknown isolates.
A total of 202 colonies including 133 colonies from the Imam Khomeini Hospital and 69 colonies from the Children's Medical Center were isolated. Cladosporium spp. were the most common obtained fungi accounted for 30.1% and 47.8% of all isolates in the Imam Khomeini Hospital and the Children's Medical Center, respectively. Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus spp. were other frequent species in two hospitals. Infectious diseases ward in Imam Khomeini hospital and emergency and urology wards in Children's Medical Center had the highest rate of contamination.
According to the results of this study, the frequency and diversity of fungal spores in hospital wards were different. In addition, since the fungal contamination in the hospital environment are affected by various environmental factors and the efficiency of ventilation systems, some of these wards require better ventilation system as well as regular monitoring to remove these fungal bioaerosols in order to maintain the health of patients and health care workers.

Hypocalcemia is one of the most prevalent complications following total thyroidectomy. Over recent years, in addition to hormone parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D has been also studied as a factor causing post-total thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. This survey seeks to study the relationship between the serum level of vitamin D before surgery and during post-total thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.
A group of 57 patients volunteering for total thyroidectomy were studied on Vali-e-Asr Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from March 2013 to March 2015. In all these patients, pre-surgery calcium, vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) as well as the level of calcium during the post-surgery first two days were measured. Based on objectives of this study, the relationship be-tween pre-surgery vitamin D level and post-surgery hypocalcemia was examined.
The average age of patients participating in the survey was 24.1±13.3. They included 19 women (33.3%) and 38 men, total of 40 patients (70.2%). Their average post-surgery calcium level was 9.2±0.77 milligrams per deciliters (mg/dl) and their average vitamin D content before the surgery was 42±12.1 nanomole per liter (nmol/l). The average calcium level before the surgery and the first post-surgery day were meaningfully different in terms of statistics (P0.001). Of 37 patients with pre-surgery vitamin D deficiency, 31 suffered post-surgery second-day hypocalcemia and of 20 patients with vitamin D insufficiency, 18 suffered second-day hypocalcemia. This difference was not statistically meaningful either (P>0.001).
The current study showed that the serum level of vitamin D before total thyroidectomy does not have any role in the occurrence of post-surgery hypocalcemia which is almost common after this type of surgery.

As far as the role and amount of Transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2), which is the transferrin receptor gene, studies have been conducted, some of which confirming its relationship with gastric adenocarcinoma. The idea behind this study was to examine changes in the TFR2 gene expression in the tumor cells of gastric adenocarcinoma and comparing with gene expression in the normal tissue adjoining the tumor.
This case-control study was conducted at the Pathology Section of Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini University Hospital in Tehran from September 2015 to September 2016. In this study, 30 fresh samples from tumor tissues of patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma, 30 fresh samples of normal tissue adjoining the tumor and 30 samples of frozen plasma from the same patients were taken. The patient's plasma was examined in terms of existence of helicobacter pylori antibody by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) method and TFR2 gene expression in the tumor tissue and the adjoining normal tissue by applying real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR).
Gene expression (by applying real time polymerase chain reaction) in the tumor tissue was meaningfully higher than in the normal tissue (P= 0.125). The TFR2 expression in patients with stomach cancer, who were at the same time infected with helicobacter pylori, indicated that the gene expression had increased in those with this contamination (P= 0.077). Examining the relationship between this gene expression and the stage of disease showed that the TFR2 gene expression increased significantly in the more advanced stages of the disease (P= 0.396).
The TFR2 gene expression increases in the stomach's tumor tissue. This gene expression is higher in people infected with helicobacter pylori or in those at an advanced stage of the disease. These findings may confirm the direct relationship between gene expression and the occurrence or metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma.

In this research, mechanical alloying was used to synthesize ultrafine grained AA2024 and AA2024-B4C powders in an attrition mill under argon atmosphere up to 50 h with the rotational speed of 400 rpm. In order to determine the grain size of the matrix, X-Ray diffraction test and Williamson–Hall method was used. After mechanical alloying, hot pressing and hot extrusion were used for densification of powders. The microstructure and mechanical behavior of hot extruded samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tension and compression and hardness tests. The microstructure of samples showed that the CuMgAl2 precipitate is present. Furthermore, the distribution of these precipitates in nanostructured samples was more uniform and their content was greater. The results of mechanical tests indicated that the strength and hardness of AA2024 alloy after mechanical alloying and addition of B4C particles increases for 64 and 49%, respectively. In other words, the AA2024-B4C nanocomposite showed the highest strength and hardness, however, its elongation was the lowest.

Congenital hypothyroidism is a major but preventable cause of mental backwardness in infants. In case of hypothyroidism in fetuses, certain complications will occur in vital organs like the central nervous system and the skeleton. Before screening programs were introduced, congenital hypothyroidism was diagnosed with delay due to its few and non-specific symptoms during the first days of life. Given the difference in reference range for various races and populations, this study was aimed to determining a natural range for thyroid hormones used in the screening of infants. In a descriptive cross-sectional study at Vali-asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, from March 2013 to 2014. The level of T4, FT4 and TSH hormones was measured in all natural childbirth, without any complications and with one-minute Apgar score above 7 while this study was underway. A group of 249 infants (male and female), including 35 (14.1%) aged between 0 and 4 days, 102 (41%) aged between 5 and 7 days and 112 (45%) aged between 7 and 30 days, were examined. The average TSH, T4 and FT4 amounts in infants, aged 0 to 30 days, were respectively 5.35 µU/ml, 10.77 µg/dl and 1.33 ng/dl. The interval was 4.76-6.01 µU/ml for TSH, 10.36-11.17 µg/dl for T4 and 1.29-1.37ng/dl for FT4. The difference between age groups with average TSH concentration is not meaningful (P=0.7) and the average T4 amount in different age groups was meaningfully different (P=0.05). The average FT4 in different age groups is meaningfully different (P=0.007). The thyroid hormone amounts calculated for males and females were not significantly different. Given the difference in the reference range in race, population and geographical zones, it is necessary to determine a range for screening in Iran. According to the findings of the present study, lower cut-offs, compared with western countries, should be envisaged for TSH in congenital hypothyroidism screening programs that could speed up the diagnosis of minor cases of the disease and prevent complications.

In the present research¡ amorphous Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3 FINEMET foils¡ 21 μm in thickness and 5 mm in width¡ were prepared by planar flow casting (PFC) process. Wound cores of amorphous FINEMET foils were simultaneously annealed and heat treated at 540°C for 60 minutes in steam and air flow to form oxide insulating coating layer on both surfaces of the foils. The structure of nanocrystalline foils was examined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The thickness and chemical composition of the insulating coating layer were studied by FE-SEM¡ GI-XRD and FTIR techniques. The results show that the coating thickness formed on air and wheel surfaces of the foil was 65 and 145 nm¡ respectively¡ and these thin coating layers contain a mixture of iron¡ silicon¡ boron and niobium oxides. The study of magnetic properties in amorphous and nanocrystalline states revealed that nanocrystalline cores have superior soft magnetic properties compared with the amorphous ones. In other words¡ the heat treatment gives rise to a decrease in coercivity and a significant increase in saturation induction and magnetic permeabilities.

Polycystic ovary is a range of endocrinal and metabolic disorders in the complicated patients. Studies in recent decades report that chronic low-grade inflammation is due to this syndrome being long-term. This study was performed with the aim to evaluate the role of the immune system and the regulatory role of cytokines of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha، Interlukins of 1alpha، 1beta، and 17 A in the patients with polycystic ovary in order to more knowing about these relationships be effective in the etiology or cause of polycystic ovary syndrome and consequently، effective drug-therapy be possible. This study was performed on the patients referred to …. Infertility center in 2012. 85 patients with infertility caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome were placed in intervention group and 86 cases in control group. Four cytokines of 1alpha، 1beta، 17 A and tumor necrosis factor alpha were evaluated in blood serum of both groups. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 19)، and t test، chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Interlukin 1 (alpha، beta) was higher PCO group than control group، this difference was completely clear in interleukin 1α (P<0. 001) and increased interleukin 1beta was also significant (P=0. 017). Inflammatory mediator of IL-17 was significantly lower in serum of patients with PCOS than control group (P<0. 001). TNFα mediator showed no significant change in two groups (P=0. 119). Polycystic ovaries can be a mild chronic inflammatory disease. Because cytokines 1 alpha and beta، particularly alpha، show greatly increased in these patients.

An opportunist infection in patients diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) which causes serious complications. This study is conducted to examine the frequency of EBV in HIV/AIDS sufferers and compare it with non-sufferers and examine its correlation with the number of CD4+ lymphocytes. In a case-control, prospective study, two 114-member groups (patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus) of equal sex and age – one group suffering from HIV – were assessed for the presence of IgG antibody against EBV capsid virus and the number of C 4+ lymphocytes and the results were analyzed based on the objectives of the study. A total of 103 (90.4%) of HIV-positives and 37 (32.5%) of control group were tested positive for EBV-VCA IgG (p value = 0.001). The amount of antibody and the number of CD4+ lymphocytes were in a meaningful and reverse relationship (p value = 0.0003). There was no meaningless difference between the presence of EBV-VCA IgG antibody and the age and sex of patients, transmission of virus and receiving HAART anti-virus treatment (p value>0.05) Due to complications of acute EBV virus and its high frequency in HIV patients, these patients are strongly recommended to be examined for EBV infection after diagnosis in a bid to prevent more mortality and morbidity. Preventive actions and periodical checkups must be done for EBV-positives.

In this study، ZrB2-HfB2 composite was produced by pressureless sintering method. MoSi2 B4C and SiC particles were used as reinforcement. ZrB2 powder was milled in planetary ball mill apparatus and then reinforcement particles were added to the milled powder. The composite powders were then CIPed and sintered at 2100oC and 2150oC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS)، flexural test، and resonance frequency method were used to compare the added particle effects on mechanical properties and pressureless sintering behavior of ZrB2-HfB2 composite. The analysis showed that the ZrB2-HfB2-MoSi2-SiCnano composite displays the largest gain in flexural strength. Furthermore، increasing the sintering temperature leads to an increase in flexural strength of samples.