محمد اورکی

People of human society need shelter and a place to live and continue living. Today, housing is the place where people spend most of their time and it is important to meet people's mental and emotional needs. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the height scale of residential complexes and the level of decision-making by users. done in their selection. The current research method is a combination research and simulation method. The brain waves of 12 people were recorded with a 32-channel ERP device while doing a task about residential complexes. The components investigated in this research are F7 and F8. The results showed that the level of significance in the building height scale variable is (0.12), which is not significant, but the significance level of the decision-making rate (0.042) is smaller than 0.05, which is significant. Also, the interaction effect between the height scale of the building and the level of decision making (0.21) is greater than 0.05, it is not significant, but in the comparison of the effect between the three height levels of the building, the results showed that the significance level (0.04 <0.05) is significant in the height scale of 8-story buildings, although it is not significant in the height scale of 4- and 12-story buildings. Emotionally, choosing an 8-storey complex has been the priority of users in choosing, but in terms of logical choice, the height of the building was not enough to choose this complex.

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mutual behavior analysis and narrative therapy on interpersonal forgiveness of women affected by marital contract breaking. The present research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a follow-up of 2 months. The statistical population of the present study was made up of all the women affected by the breach of marital contract from their husbands who were referred to the counseling centers located in the 4th district of Tehran in 2022. 45 people were selected purposefully and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The instrument of this research was Ehteshamzadeh et al's Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory (IFI, 2011), Berne's transactional analysis intervention (1958), and White and Epston's (1990) narrative therapy protocol was implemented in 8 sessions of 120 minutes twice a week for the first and second experimental groups. The data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance. The results of repeated variance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the groups in the post-test and follow-up of interpersonal forgiveness (P<0.05), the treatment of mutual behavior analysis was significantly more effective than the spouses' interpersonal forgiveness compared to narrative therapy (P<0/05) and both treatments had lasting effects in the follow-up period (P<0.05). Therefore, there is a significant difference between the two treatments of mutual behavior analysis and narrative therapy, and behavior analysis treatment was more effective.

The present investigate was conducted with the aim of the effect of cognitive fatigue on working memory and executive functions in female students.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with a control group,The statistical population of this research includeds the female students of the first secondary school in Urmia city in the academic year of 1400-1401,which is available by random sampling method 30 students selected and were simple randomly divided into two experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experiment consisted of second phases.In the first stage, the participants were exposed to cognitive tasks and then in the second stage, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive and N-Back working memory test was performed to compare the groups based on the amount of cognitive fatigue.The data were analysed by analysis of Covariance.

The results of data analysis using covariance analysis showed decrease in working memory and executive functions in the experimental group compared to the control group.

In general, the findings of the current research on the role of cognitive fatigue variables, which reduces the amount of working memory and executive functions And on the other hand, this type of fatigue is related to cognitive and brain functions.

Aging is a natural process and increase of age in synchronized societies is associated with behavioral and physiological challenges. The most important of these challenges are the three indicators of perceived stress, depression and cortisol hormone. This research was conducted to compare levels of cortisol hormone with perceived stress and depression in elderly women living in private old people’s homes and private houses in Tehran. The statistical population included elderly women aged between 65 to 75 years old that were residents of the private old people’s homes and private houses in Tehran. Data were collected by the Beck Depression Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale developed by Sheldon Cohen, and determination of serum cortisol levels in the laboratory. The results of this study showed that levels of cortisol hormone and depression in elderly women living in the private old people’s homes and private houses had a significant difference (p <0.05). The perceived stress variable had no significant difference. The difference in depression rate may be due to family relationships and the presence of family members at the private houses, and non-existence of difference in the perceived stress rate and its inverse ratio with increase of age may be due to the experience and credibility of events in the world. Considering the impact of the living environment on the psychological problems in the elderly, national measures should be taken to improve the quality of life of the elderly and to empower them through social and governmental movements.

The purpose of this research was to assess the efficacy of hypnotherapy on perceived tension and wound healing in patients who had undergone abdominal surgery. The research methodology was implemented in both intent and data collection approach: a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with a control group follow-up. The statistical population comprised all patients admitted to Golestan Hospital of Tehran in 2020 who were candidates for abdominal surgery. Fifty of these patients, consisting of 24 males and 26 females, were selected at random and divided into two study groups using a readily available sampling method. The initial cohort underwent an eight-session hypnotherapy intervention, while the subsequent cohort served as the control group. The data were gathered at three time points prior to, during, and subsequent to the intervention and follow-up period using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT) and the Perceived Stress scale (PSS). Analysis of the data was conducted using repeated measures analysis of variance. It was conducted using SPSS software version 23. In the post-test and follow-up phases, hypnotherapy was found to influence the wound recovery and perceived stress levels of patients who had undergone abdominal surgery (P>0.05). On the basis of these results, it is possible to conclude that hypnotherapy can be utilized as an adjunctive therapy to reduce perceived stress and enhance wound healing in patients recovering from abdominal surgery.

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness therapies on sleep quality and cognitive abilities of women with insomnia. This research was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group and a 3-month follow-up. The study's statistical population was women with insomnia disorder who referred to the counseling center of a university in Tehran in 2020. Among them, 63 people were selected through purposive sampling method and were randomly assigned in two experimental groups and one control group (21 people in each group). Both experimental groups were treated separately for 8 weekly 45 to 60-sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention. The Sleep Quality and Cognitive Ability Questionnaires were delivered individually at baseline, after the program, and after 3-months follow-up. Data were analyzed by repeated measures of variance analysis.The results showed that both interventions were similarly effective for improving the sleep quality and cognitive abilities of women with insomnia. There was no significant difference in effectiveness between the two groups. Also, the difference between post-test and follow-up stages was not significant.Treatment of insomnia based on mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapies can improve sleep quality and cognitive abilities by reducing physiological arousal and rumination and increasing the attention and concentration of patients. Therefore, the use of two therapy methods is recommended to reduce the problems of women with insomnia.

The purpose of the present study is the effect of attention games on strengthening motor memory and inhibitory control of children with executive function disorders.

This study is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all 9-11-year-old boys in the primary schools of Kalibar city in the academic year of 2021-2022, with random sampling method available,Using the questionnaire of children's executive functions,30 students were selected and divided into two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups by simple random method. In.In order to measure the effect of the executive function disorder questionnaire intervention (BRIEF–P), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (1972) and Inhibitory Control Questionnaire Go/No Response Inhibitory Test (2005), Before and after training sessions were conducted on the control and experimental groups. Also, analysis of covariance was used to examine the effectiveness of intervention.

The results of one-way covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of motor memory and inhibitory control. Also, the executive functions of the experimental group compared to the control group, It has decreased from pre-test to post-test And this shows that the interventions have been effective And the severity of executive function disorder has decreased.

Attention game can be used as an effective method along with other treatment methods to increase the consolidation of motor memory and inhibitory control of children with executive function disorders.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the responses of real estate advertisers in cyberspace with the method of neuromarketing (neuromarketing) which in terms of the nature of research, applied, in terms of research method, quality and in terms of research strategy, data-based theory. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted to achieve theoretical saturation. Acceptability, transferability and verifiability were used to assess validity and retest method was used to assess reliability (89.14%). Data analysis method was performed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. According to the results, 330 initial open source code were identified. In the open coding phase, data were collected through telephone communication with Internet housing clients who needed to purchase or exchange housing. In the axial coding stage, 26 concepts were formed as research concepts. Finally, in the selective coding stage, using the continuous category comparison technique, 5 main categories were obtained, including processes, customer relationship management, property selection criteria, customer service, and beautification factor. The model designed in this research is generally expected to be used as a tool to increase customer attraction and customer demands in property selection.

Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have some impairment in emotional relationship which can be due to problems in emotional processing. The present study uses the event-dependent potential (ERP) method to investigate the neural correlations of the early stages of emotional face processing in the N170 component when observing faces with different emotions in adults with ADHD compared to adults without ADHD.

A total of 12 adults between 20 and 42 years old (6 males and 6 females) with ADHD were compared with 12 adults without ADHD (6 males and 6 females). Participants identified faces with different emotions while their brain activity was recorded using the event-dependent potential method.

The results showed that the N170 component for a neutral face was significantly different both for women with ADHD in the P8 region and men with ADHD in the O1 region comparing to adults without the disorder. (P <0.05)

The present study supports the notion that people with ADHD in the early stages of facial processing and facial expressions are different from people without the disorder, which can affect the interpretation of facial expressions and emotions.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hypnotherapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy (MBSR) on wound healing and perceived stress in post abdominal surgery patients.

The statistical population included all patients who were candidates for abdominal surgery admitted to Golestan Hospital in Tehran. 75 of these patients were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into 3 study groups. The first group received an 8-session intervention of hypnotherapy and the second group received an 8-session MBSR intervention and the third group was considered as a control. Data were collected using the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Scale (Bates-Jensen & Sussman, 2012) and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire (Cohen et al., 1983) and analyzed by repeated measurement variance analysis.

The results showed that hypnotherapy and MBSR have an effect on wound healing and perceived stress in post abdominal surgery patients (P <0.001).

Hypnotherapy and MBSR accelerate wound healing and also reduce side effects and perceived stress in the post-test and follow-up phase in the above patients. Therefore, these two treatment models can be used as adjunctive therapy to prevent or reduce complications after abdominal surgery.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study with an inter-intra subject design aimed to determine the effectiveness of combining acceptance and commitment-based therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress in people with type 2 diabetes. The sample consisted of 45 patients with type II diabetes purposefully selected from patients referred to laboratories in Mahshahr city. After matching, the patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15 patients and the experimental groups received their group interventions in 8 sessions of psychological therapy and 10 sessions of individual neurofeedback training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Pre-test, post-test, and 2-month follow-up were performed with Floyd et al.'s (2005) Anxiety Sensitivity Questionnaire and Cohen et al.'s (1983) Perceived Stress Scale. According to the results of SPANOVA analysis, both ACT + neurofeedback and MBSR + neurofeedback were effective in post-test and follow-up stages to reduce anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress. But while the effectiveness of both interventions in reducing anxiety sensitivity was the same, for perceived stress, the effect of MBSR + neurofeedback, both in the post-test and in the follow-up phase, was significantly greater than the effect of ACT + neurofeedback.

Craving drug abuse is a common manifestation of the urgent and irrecoverable desire against substance abuse. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cravings, cognitive flexibility, and the abstraction of opiate abusers.

The research design was a randomized clinical trial design with a 2-month follow-up. The statistical population consisted of opiate addicts, and 30 men selected through the convenience sampling method were assigned into experimental (tDCS) and sham groups (15 people per group). The tools used in this research were Franken et al. Instant Craving Questionnaire and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test which was performed on two groups before the intervention. The tDCS intervention method included 10 sessions of 20 minutes with an intensity of 2 milliamps. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results obtained using covariance analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and sham groups in the post-test and follow-up in all three components of the cravings and the scores of the components of the Wisconsin test (P<0.001).

TDCS has essential implications in reducing cravings and improving executive cognitive flexibility in addicts to opiates and is recommended as an effective treatment method for addiction therapists in treatment clinics.

The role of psychological distress has been approved in the clinical course of skin diseases. which. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction program and its combination with Biofeedback on disease perception, mental health, and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with psoriasis.

The present research is a quasi-experimental study with an inter-subject design. The statistical population included all patients with psoriasis referred to the Dermatology Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. From this population, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 45 patients were selected by purposive sampling method and replaced randomly in three groups of 15 people (two experimental groups and one control group). The first experimental group received 8 sessions of Biofeedback and 8 sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction. The second experimental group received only mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included Broadbent et al.'s (2006) Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, Goldberg (1988) General Health Questionnaire, and Corti (2009) Psoriasis Area Severity Index.

According to the results of SPANOVA analysis, both interventions were found to be effective. However, combining mindfulness-based stress reduction programs with Biofeedback was more effective and more sustainable.

These two therapies, especially in combination, can be used as an effective method in psoriasis patients.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of sand -play therapy on the selective attention of told 8-11 years’ students with special learning disabilities.

The research method was a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up semi-experiment with a control group. The statistical population included all students with learning disabilities living in Pardis City. Twenty of them were selected using convenient sampling method and randomly divided into two groups (control and experimental). The Continuous Performance Test was performed in both groups (pre-test). Then the experimental group received the treatment program in eight sessions of 45 minutes for two months, while the control group did not receive any training. The post-test was performed on both experimental and control groups. The follow-up was carried out, two months later. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 22 by mixed variance analysis.

The findings showed that sand -play therapy had a positive impact on the selective attention of children with special learning disabilities, compared to the control group, and its effectiveness sustained during the follow-up period.

Sand -play therapy can be used to increase selective attention in students with special learning disabilities in exceptional schools and child counseling centers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the model of predicting job burnout in nurses of Corona ward based on perceived stress mediated by personality type in nurses serving in the medical wards of patients with Covid 19. The research method was descriptive and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all nurses working in Imam Khomeini, Sina, Shohada Yaftabad and Atieh hospitals in Tehran in 1399, from which 200 nurses were selected and completed the questionnaires online. The research instruments included Maslash Burnout Scale (1981), Cohen et al. (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire and Denolt-D (2000) Personality Type Scale. The results of data analysis showed that the fit indices of the nasal model are in a favorable condition. Perceived stress has a significant direct and indirect effect on burnout (p> 0.05). This means that with increasing perceived stress, the level of burnout increases. Personality type D (negative emotions and social inhibition) on the one hand is affected by perceived stress levels and on the other hand affects the burnout of nurses serving in the medical wards of patients with Covid 19. Therefore, applying perceived stress reduction strategies can reduce nurses 'burnout by promoting nurses' mental health.

The growing number of obese and overweight people is a serious health problem. Obesity and overweight have been noted among the most serious health threats and the epidemics of the third millennium. The aim of the present research was to compare the effects of mindfulness and biofeedback exercises on attention control, executive functions, and food cravings in overweight and obese women. In this quasi-experimental study, 48 women referring to the clinic of the Oil and Gas Company of Bandar Abbas were selected by the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the three groups of mindfulness, biofeedback, and control. The participants in these groups were evaluated for attention control, executive functions, and food craving before, after and one month after the interventions. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the intervention groups had higher control attention scores while lower mean scores for executive functions and food craving than the control group. The results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness and biofeedback exercises on improving executive functions and attention control and reducing craving for foods in overweight and obese women. Therefore, identifying the mechanisms underlying the effects of these two interventions can have positive consequences on the cognitive and psychological abilities of overweight and obese women.

The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness Therapy and Cognitive-behavioral therapy on experiential avoidance in women with insomnia. This was a quasi-experimental study pre-test, post-test, with the control and 3-months follow-up. The statistical population study included women with insomnia who referred to the counseling center of the University of Applied Sciences, Arts and Culture by recall in 2020. A sample of 63 participants were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into three group (21 people in each group). Both two experiments were under treatment individually within 8 sessions of 45-60 minutes. Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ) were administered before treatment, the end of treatment sessions and after 3 months. Data were analyzed using Analysis of variance with repeated measure analysis. The results showed that both Mindfulness Therapy and Cognitive-behavioral therapy had impact on reducing experiential avoidance of women with Insomnia disorder, and both were equally effective at follow up, however the first was more effective as well as had the aspect of preventing recurrence. Therefore, these two therapies can be used either way to decrease experiential avoidance.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy anxiety and cigarette craving. The present research is a quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test with the experimental and control group. The statistical population consisted of all smokers who were referred to health centers in 22nd district of Tehran in the spring of 1396. 30 Individuals were selected by available sampling method. The subjects were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. To measure anxiety, the Spielberger questionnaire and cigarette craving, Fagerstrom questionnaire were used. After selecting the experimental and control group, interventional training on mindfulness based cognitive therapy on the experimental group was performed for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and one session per week. One-way covariance analysis was used to analyze the data.  Data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the mean of post test scores of the experimental and control groups in anxiety and cigarette craving (p<0.01); as mindfulness based cognitive therapy reduced anxiety and cigarette craving in experimental group.  Generally, could be showed that mindfulness based cognitive therapy could improve the psychological components of smoking cessation.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of active music therapy and play therapy on social skills and eye contact in 6-12 year old boys with autism level 2 in Tehran rehabilitation centers.

The eye contact rate of these children was measured using an eye tracker, and their social skills were measured by the Gershom & Elliot Social Skills Scale (SSRS). Samples were randomly divided into three groups: music therapy (M), play therapy (P) and control group (C). For group M, there were 12 sessions of active music therapy intervention and for group P the same number of play therapy sessions. For group C, only educational training sessions were held in the centers, and then eye contact and social skills of all three groups were re-measured.

Comparison of eye contact and social skills of the three groups after the intervention, using ANCOVA test in SPSS 23 software, showed a significant difference between the results of the three groups in both eye contact and social skills (p<0/05). Tukey post hoc test showed significant improvement in eye contact in music group but no change in game and control group. No significant improvement was observed in social skills of music group and observation group but no change in control group.

Based on findings it can be concluded that music therapy is effective in improving both eye contact and social skills, but playing therapy only affects social skill improvement

 Regarding the high prevalence of breast cancer and necessity of appropriate psychological intervention in these patients, this research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on perceived stress, psychological capital and emotional processing in women with breast cancer.

The population of this clinical trial was all women with breast cancer in Tehran in 2018 referred to the treatment centers of these patients. The sample size was thirty women with breast cancer who were selected by convenient sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (n=15). The Mindfulness Cognitive Therapy Program conducted on the experimental group in eight weekly ninety-minute sessions. They fulfilled Perception Stress Scale (Cohen et al.), Psychological Capital Inventory (Lutanz et al.) and Emotional Information Processing Questionnaire (Barker et al.) in pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Data analyzed by descriptive statistics and repeated variance analysis through SPSS software.

The comparison of the scores in two groups showed that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness was effective on perceived stress (F=22.11, P= 0.0001), psychological capitals (F=165.54, P= 0.0001) and emotional processing (F=18.7, P= 0.0001). The follow-up phase also indicated that the effectiveness of intervention was persistent.

Overall, the results showed that the cognitive therapy based on mindfulness reduced the perceived stress and the emotional processing and increased their psychological capital in women with breast cancer. So, it is suggested to use this therapeutic approach in clinics and hospitals to reduce perceived stress and improve psychological capitals and emotional processing in cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotional regulation, perceived stress and adherence of treatment in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes.

The statistical population consisted of men with type 2 diabetes and overweight in Tehran. By available sampling, 40 men with diabetes who were overweight and members of the Iranian Diabetes Association were selected and Voluntarily completed research questionnaires in the pre-test phase, which included the Gratz and Roemer (2004) Difficulty Scale for Emotion Regulation, Cohen, Kamarck & Mermelstein (1983) Perceived Stress, and Morisky (1992) Treatment Adherence, and randomly completed Were included in the study plan. The experimental group was treated with MBSR for 8 sessions, then in the post-test phase, both groups answered the research questionnaires. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) with repeated measures.

The results showed that MBSR improved emotional regulation, perceived stress, and adherence to treatment in the experimental group and the post-test phase (P<0.0001).

Considering the effectiveness of MBSR treatment on emotional regulation, perceived stress and following treatment in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes, this treatment can be used to reduce the psychological problems of diabetics. Took. In addition, organizations and associations related to diabetes can use the results of the present study to improve the quality of life of patients with diabetes.

The aim of study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of WED impulsivity and aggression in adolescents with ODD. current study was conducted using a single subject experimental design. diagnosis of ODD according to the SNAP-IV ,Scale DSM5, Eisenbach. In order to assess aggression and impulsivity and difficulty in emotion regulation, Bass & Perry Aggression(1992) and Five Factors of impulsivity by Linham et al (2001) and Roemer and Graz(2004) ER were completed by participants at the beginning and during intervention sessions. The magnitude of the effect of aggression on the Bass and Perry scale according to the Cohen index for the first to third participants was 0,56, 0,41 and 0,47respectively. The rate of recovery after the intervention was 45, 35 and 49% and the follow-up stage was 47,41and 50%. The magnitude of the effect of the five-factor scale, according to the Cohen index for three participants is equal to0,40, 0,53 and 0,52 respectively, and the rate of recovery after the intervention was 47, 52 and 47% .the follow-up stage was 47,51 and 50%.The magnitude of the effect of difficulty in regulating emotion, according to the Cohen index for three subjects is equal to 0,41, 0,38 and 0,37, respectively.The rate of recovery after the intervention was 35,44 and 37% and the follow-up stage was 37, 41 and 35%. Reduction in aggression and impulsivity dimensions. The results showed that WED of emotion can be useful in psychological interventions based on reducing aggression, impulsivity and difficulty in emotional regulation of adolescents with ODD.

Diabetes is a chronic, multifaceted and threatening disease which has significant psychologicalcomplications. The purpose of this study was comparing the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy Skills Training (DBT-ST) on cognitive emotion regulation in patients with typeII diabetes.

The design of this quasi-experimental research was a pretest-posttest with a control group. The statisticalpopulation of the study included all patients with type II diabetes referred to Baghban (Touba) Medical Clinic inSari in 2019, among whom 45 patients were selected through the convenience sampling method and then randomlyassigned into three groups. The first group received ACT, the second group received DBT-ST, and the third group was considered as a control group. Data were collected using a 36-item Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(Garnefsky et al., 2001) in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up, and were analyzed by repeated measurementvariance analysis.

The results showed that ACT and DBT-ST were significantly more effective on cognitive emotion regulationfor the experimental groups compared to the control group (effect sizes 0.911 & 0.967, respectively). The effectivenessof DBT-ST compared to ACT was more significant on cognitive emotion regulation scores (effect sizes 0.967) at(P>0.01).

Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that ACT improved psychological indexes andmental health of patients with type II diabetes due to acceptance of unfavorable emotions and thoughts, commitment,and DBT-ST for emotion regulation and mindfulness components

Stress immunization training is a combination of the best cognitive-behavioral elements. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of stress-induced immunostimulatory training on psychophysiologic indices (salivary cortisol) and psychological indicators (anxiety, stress and depression) in patients with coronary artery bypass graft.

In this Semi-experimental study with control group and pre-test-post-test design, the statistical population included patients who had coronary artery bypass surgery and referred to the Rehab center of Tehran Heart Hospital. 30 subjects were selected by simple random sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The instrument of this study was the Kit cortisol and  DASS-21 scale of depression, anxiety and stress. The experimental group was exposed to an independent variable (training for immunization against stress) for 10 sessions of 90 minutes. To analyze the data, multivariate covariance analysis, univariate analysis of covariance in Mancoe text and SPSS software were used.

Stress immunization training had an effect on salivary cortisol (p <0.001), depression (p <0.001), stress (p <0.001) and anxiety (p <0.001) in the experimental group.

Reducing negative emotions following stress immunization training plays an important role in preventing the more severe complications of heart disease; so interventions based on the results of this study are recommended for patients with cardiac diseases.

Alexithymia is prevalent in several psychological disorders, including depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder. Due to the prevalence of alexithymia and interpersonal problems among people with substance use disorder, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on alexithymia and interpersonal problems in men with substance use disorders.

Methods and Materials: 

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design and two-month follow-up with control group. The statistical population was men with substance abuse who in 2019 had referred to private addiction treatment centers in Tehran for treatment. Two centers were chosen for convenience and among them 42 subjects who fill informed consent were selected and randomly assigned in experimental and control group. Data were collected by Bagby et al.chr('39')s Toronto Alexithymian Scale (1994) and Barkham et al.’s Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (1996) in three stages of evaluation. The research findings were finally analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance test using SPSS software version 22.

The results of data analysis showed that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective on alexithymia and interpersonal problems (p<.05). In addition, the results of the follow-up phase also showed that the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on alexithymia and interpersonal problems in men with substance use disorder was consistent.

According to these results, addiction therapists can use acceptance and commitment therapy to reduce mood disorders and interpersonal problems in people with a history of addiction.