فهرست مطالب مرضیه صادق زاده

The present study was conducted with the aim of introducing and investigating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Premenstrual Coping Measure (PMCM (. This research, in terms of method, is a descriptive-cross-sectional-correlation study that its population included all the female students in Salman Farsi University of Kazeroon in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample group included 303 female students who were selected by the available sampling method and actually participated in the present research by answering the online questionnaire. This questionnaire, in addition to the Persian version of the PMCM, included the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control-C, and the Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire. Research data has been analyzed in SPSS-22, AMOS-22 and JASP-09. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis have confirmed the existence of a five-factor structure in the scores obtained from the Persian version of the premenstrual coping strategies scale. The values of Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald's omega also showed good internal consistency in the total scale and its five subscales. The correlation coefficients between PMCM, and three other research tools, while confirming the construct validity, suggested a close relationship between premenstrual strategies and an internal locus control for health and an attitude based on expectation and prediction of menstruation.

Being a parent can be considered one of the most important and at the same time the most enjoyable life experiences of any individual; however, for some fathers and mothers, this role is associated with increasing challenges and can become a source of daily or chronic tensions and ultimately burnout. Therefore, the present study investigated the mediating role of self-criticism in the relationship between mothers’ early memories of warmth and safeness and their experiences of parental burnout. This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on structural equation modeling which studied a sample of mothers in Isfahan (i.e., 319 mothers). The statistical population included mothers who had preschool children in the academic year of 2020-2021, and the data was collected virtually based on available sampling method. The research instruments included the Parental Burnout Assessment (Roskam et al., 2018), Forms of Criticism/Self-Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (Gilbert et al., 2004), and Early Memories of Warmth and Safeness scale (Richter et al., 2009). The results showed that the causal model of the relationship between mothers’ early memories of warmth and safeness, self-criticism, and the experience of parental burnout had a good fitness (CMIN / DF= 2.91, GFI = 0.97, CFI = 0.97, IFI = 0.97, NFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.067). Early memories of warmth and safeness had a direct and significant effect on self-criticism (β = -0.39, P < 0.001). Self-criticism also had a direct and significant effect on mothers’ parental burnout (β = 0.75, P < 0.001). However, mothers’ early memories of warmth and safeness did not have a direct effect on parental burnout. Moreover, the findings showed that mothers’ early memories of warmth and safeness with the mediation of self-criticism had an indirect effect on parental burnout, and this model could explain nearly 54% of the variance of parental burnout (P < 0.001).

The few researches that have studied the burnout experience of Iranian parents in recent years have not developed or tested conceptual models and speculations regar-ding parental burnout in a meaningful way. Therefore, this study investigates the mediating role of parenting stress in the relationship between mothers' mindful pa-renting and their experience of parental burnout. This research was a descriptive-cross-sectional study, and its statistical population included mothers who had preschool children in the academic year of 2019. The statistical sample was compr-ised of 369 mothers who participated in this research by completing online quest-ionnaires. The research tools included the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA), the Parenting Stress Index- Short Form (PSI), and the Mindfulness in Parenting Quest-ionnaire (MIPQ). To examine the conce-ptual model, Structural Equation Mode-ling was used. The findings showed that mindful parenting explains nearly 78% of the variance of parental burnout only thro-ugh mothers' parenting stress. However, it does not have a direct effect on parental burnout. The findings, in addition to prov-iding a better understanding of parental burnout, can be applied in educational or therapeutic interventions aimed at redu-cing parental burnout.

This study aimed to investigate the structural relationship between different forms of self-criticism and female students' body image shame mediated by various aspects of fear of compassion. This research is a descriptive-correlation study; its statistical population includes all adolescent girls who studied in the second semester of 2019-1400 in high schools of Kazeroon city. Acoording to the limitations caused by the Corona pandemic, data collection was done online using a link sent to the virtual groups of the classes. The research sample includes all 581 students who participated in this study voluntarily by answering the questionnaire link. This link consists of a set of items related to the three tools: Body Image Shame Scale (BISS), Fear of Compassion Scale (FCS), and Forms of Criticism/Self-Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (FCSSS). To test the research model, Structural Equation Modeling was used in AMOS-22 software. The results confirmed the direct effect of self-criticism on fear of compassion and body image shame. The results confirmed the mediating role of two aspects of fear of compassion, namely fear of self-compassion and fear of others' compassion, in the relationship between self-criticism and body image shame. The findings are hopeful; Because it suggests that to prevent the experience of body image shame in adolescent girls, it is possible to rely on the relieving of self-criticism and, consequently, the relieving of fear of compassion.

This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-silencing components in the relationship between self-criticism and rejection sensitivity with the psychological distress of female students. The research sample was 381 female students from the Salman Farsi University of Kazerun who participated in this study virtually by responding to the questionnaire link. This link is a set of items related to the four questionnaires: Levels of self-criticism (Thompson & Zuroff, 2004), Sensitivity to Rejection Questionnaire (Downey & Feldman, 1996), Silencing the Self Scale (Jack & Dill, 1992), and the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). The results of the analysis performed using the structural equation modeling in AMOS-22 software showed that the levels of self-criticism and sensitivity to rejection, in addition to direct effects on various aspects of students' psychological distress, also affected the extent of their psychological distresses indirectly by mediating to two components of self-silencing: externalized self-perception and divided-self. The findings of this study especially emphasize the importance of the mediating role of two components of self-silencing (externalized self-perception and divided-self) in the effect of sensitivity to rejection and self-criticism of young girls on their psychological distress.

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) in a sample of Iranian mothers with preschool children. The statistical population of this descriptive-crosssectional study includes all mothers in Kazerun who had at least one child aged 5 to 7 in the academic year 2020-21. The research sample included 884 mothers from this population who, in addition to answering the online link of the questionnaires, also met the inclusion criteria of the research. Research tools also included Parental Burnout Assessment (Roskam et al., 2018) and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (Abidin, 1995). In this study, statistical methods of exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and calculation of Cronbach\'s alpha, McDonald omega, test-retest coefficients and also correlation with scores obtained from parenting stress index were used. The results of these factor analysis confirmed the existence of a four-factor structure in parental burnout assessment in the sample of mothers. The values of alpha, omega and test-retest coefficients were also evidence of desired internal consistency and time stability; the values of correlation coefficients with the scores of parenting stress index also were evidence of appropriate convergent validity. The results of the study, while emphasizing the capability of the Parental Burnout Assessment in the sample of mothers with preschool children, showed that the experience of parental burnout, at least in this group of Iranian mothers, has four distinct aspects that are structurally similar to those in Rosecom et al (2018) discussed.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of patience in predicting secondary high school students’ social competence.

The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all high school students in Kazerun city in the academic year 2017-2018. Among them, 250 girl and boy students were selected as a sample group by stepwise cluster sampling. The instruments used in this study were the Patient Scale and Social Competence Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software version 22.

The results showed that the model has a good fit. Also, research findings showed that the patience of adolescent students is a significant and powerful predictor of their high social competence score (p<0.001). Thus, the components of patience have positive and significant effects on all four components of social competence entitles as behavioral skills, cognitive skills, emotional adequacy and, motivational skills. However, findings have shown the greatest impact on the components of behavioral skills.

The results of this research support the role of the moral virtue of patience in positive psychological outcomes and have implicit implications for improving social competence in adolescents.

The cognitive aspect of obsession involves the evaluation of oneself, which is often accompanied by a fear of what one is -or can be.

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Fear of Self Questionnaire, which measures the level of this fear in the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The present study was a descriptive study and its statistical population included all students of Shiraz University in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample of the present study also included 360 students who were participated in this research by answering the online link of questions. In addition to the Persian version of the Fear of Self Questionnaire, other research tools were included the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-42), the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive inventory (MOCI), the Self-Ambivalence Measure (SAM), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data analysis was conducted by confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and test-retest reliability coefficient in SPSS-24 and AMOS-22 software.

The results of factor analysis confirmed the one-factor structure in the Persian version of the Fear of Self Questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest coefficients were 0.94 and 0.86, respectively, that shows the internal consistency and optimal reliability of this questionnaire. In addition, the correlation between the scores of the Persian version of the questionnaire and other research tools ranged from 0.49 to 0.81, which has confirmed its convergent validity.

Considering the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Fear of Self Questionnaire, its usage can be recommended in research related to the symptoms and various dimensions of obsession.

In recent decades, studies related to women's health and quality of life have emphasized the notable role of feminine norms and gender discrimination. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-silencing components in the relationship between conformity to feminine norms and perception of gender discrimination with the quality of life of employed and student women aged 18 to 40. The sample included 687 women in Kazerun who participated in this study virtually by responding to the questionnaire link. This link is composed of items related to the four tools: Conformity to Feminine Norms Inventory (Parent and Moradi, 2010), Schedule of Sexist Events (Klonoff and Landrin, 1995), the Silencing the Self Scale (Jack and Dale, 1992), and WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire- Brief form. The analysis results, performed using structural equation modeling in AMOS-22, showed that conformity to feminine norms and perceptions of gender discrimination, in addition to direct impact, indirectly and through self-silencing components, also affected various aspects of women's quality of life. These results showed that the emphasis of the WHO on the necessity of attention to women's understanding of social discrimination and gender norms is a serious matter and should be considered for Iranian women.

The present study aimed to expound on the teachers’ adaptation to the first virtual instruction course based on their attitudes toward the use of technology in education, considering the mediating role of their anxiety and competency and in using technology in the classroom. The statistical population of the study included full-time teachers in Kazerun at all educational levels of whom a sample of 263 teachers participated in the study’s online data collection. The measures used in this study included the Aydin and Semerci’s (2017) Teachers' ICT Attitudes Scale, Tondor et al.’s (2017) Teachers’ ICT Competence Questionnaire, Van Acker et al.’s (2013) Teachers’ ICT Anxiety in Classroom, and a researchermade inventory to measure adaptation to the first e-learning course after the COVID-19 outbreak. The results of the Structural Equation Modeling analysis, performed with AMOS-22, showed that teachers' general attitudes on technology have indirect effect on their adaptation to the first virtual instruction course, with the mediation of their increased competence and decreased anxiety about using technology in the classroom. This finding pinpoints the necessity of attention to teachers' attitudes towards the increasing change in teaching methods due to new technologies.

 Nursing is recognized in all countries as a job with high occupational stress. Therefore, the existence of tools to assess this occupational stress can contribute research into nurses’ mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Persian version of the Condensed Nurseschr('39') Occupational Stress Scale (NOSS).

 In this cross-sectional study, 224 nurses working in two hospitals in Shiraz, Iran, which were chosen as care centers for patients with coronavirus, were selected by convenience sampling method and completed the Condensed Nurseschr('39') Occupational Stress Scale. SPSS 22 and AMOS software were used to analyze the data.

 The results of exploratory factor analysis using principal components method and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two-factor structure of “stresses related to environmental-organizational factors” and “stresses related to high workload’ in the Persian version of the Nurseschr('39') Occupational Stress Scale. In addition, Chronbach’s alpha and McDonald omega were used to determine internal consistency, Chronbach’s alpha and McDonaldchr('39')s omega coefficients for the whole scale (α: 0.94 and ω: 0.95) and two subscales of “stresses related to environmental-organizational factors” (α: 0.91 and ω: 0.91) and “Stresses related to high workload” (α: 0.90 and ω: 0.91) were within acceptable limits.

Condensed Nurseschr('39') Occupational Stress Scale has acceptable psychometric properties in Iranian society and can be used as a useful tool in research related to nurseschr('39') occupational stress.

The purpose of this study was to study the psychometrics characteristics of Fear of Compassion Scale (Gilbert, McEwan, Matos, & Rivis, 2011) in Iranian society. Therefore, using random cluster method, 872 students of Shiraz University were selected. They were assessed by Compassion Fear Questionnaire, DASS-21 (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), Self-Criticism Scale (Thompson & Zuroff, 2004), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (Hayes et al., 2004) and Self-Compassion Scale (Raes, Pommier, Neff& Van Gucht, 2011). Results of factor analysis by principal components method and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three-factor structure in the Persian version of the Fear of Compassion Questionnaire. The correlation of the scores obtained from the subscales of the questionnaire with the scores of other research instruments has also confirmed its convergent and divergent validity. In addition, Cronbach's alpha coefficients for all three subscales, as well as retest coefficients with two weeks interval, were in the desired range. The results of statistical analysis confirmed three components of fear of compassion from others, fear of compassion for self, and fear of compassion for others, suggesting the use of the Persian version of the questionnaire in Iranian students.

In the recent years, the Iranian studies on mindfulness has only repeated the positive effectiveness of mindfulness-based training on the various constructs of teachers' professional and personal lives, however, they neglected the usefulness of these trainings. In addition, these studies do not address the theoretical and practical challenges raised by the issue of mindfulness in education over the past decade. The purpose of this paper is to answer questions that are raised in relation to these challenges. This paper reports a descriptive-analytical research and it has been developed in two parts: the basis of usefulness of mindfulness for teachers and the recent challenges to mindfulness in education. In the first part, the neurological basis of mindfulness practices has been dealt with. In the second part, in addition to the common challenges around the mindfulness, the concept of mc-mindfulness and its threat to the realm of education has been considered. The most important weakness of this version of mindfulness is ignoring the ontological basis, and moral end in training of a truly mindful personality. In what follows, the distinction between the two concepts of 'thin mindfulness' and 'thick mindfulness' has been presented as the first step to face the challenges of mindfulness in education. Finally, it is pointed out that the future research must necessarily refrain from merely repeating the effectiveness of mindfulness on students and teachers and pay attention to new challenges regarding mindfulness in education. In particular, it should be remembered that the goal of mindfulness is to achieve a personality that is characterized by compassion for oneself and others.

Body image shame is a part of social shame that is experienced on the basis of body and physical characteristics, and therefore, like its superior construct, has two internal and external aspects; but in none of the questionnaires in the field of body image, attention has been paid to these two distinct aspects. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Body Image Shame Scale (BISS) in a sample of Iranian students.

For this purpose, a sample of 925 students of Kazerun universities was selected by cluster sampling. The analysis process was performed separately in two samples of male and female students. Research data, in addition to the Shame of Body Image Scale, included four other tools: Body Appreciation Scale-2(BAS-2), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), Other as Shamer Scale (OAS), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21).

The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in both male and female students confirm the two-factor structure in the Persian version of the Body Image Shame Scale. The correlation between the scores of the scale and the scores of other research tools has also confirmed its convergent and divergent validity. In addition, the values of Cronbach's alpha coefficients and retest coefficients were in the desired range.

Research findings, while confirming the two components of external and internal body, suggest the use of the Persian version of the questionnaire in Iranian students.

Individuation is a term used in analytical psychology to characterize the integration of human psyche. Relying on clinical experiments as well as evidence from world-renowned legends and myths, Murdoch has identified a circular psychological travel pattern for womenchr('39')s individuation. The present study examined the fitness of the heroine’s individuation journey in Persian fairy tales considering the stages of the psychological cycle. The results of the study, while confirming the general conformity of the tales with Murdoch’s psychological cycle, have identified three different subsets for the Iranian fairy tales centered on a heroine. The first subset, including more than fifty percent of the studied stories, are the fairy tales which fully coordinates with Murdochchr('39')s psychological cycle for the heroine individuation; the second subset corresponds only to the first part of the intended cycle; finally, the third subset corresponds only to the second half of the Murdochchr('39')s psychological cycle. The psychological implications of these three subsets and the overall conclusion are also discussed in the article.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between addiction and depression, spousal abuse, and personality types in addicts in the Sixty Congress of 4 Faith.

This study was conducted in the form of a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all addicted people in the Sixtieth Congress in Tehran (Region 4) Iman Branch in 2016; From 182 addicts according to the Morgan table, a sample of 120 people was randomly selected and the data were performed based on questionnaires of depression, attitudes toward addiction, spouse abuse, and personality types. To analyze the data from the matrix of correlation coefficient and multiple regression used.

The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between addiction with depression and spousal abuse in addicts and a significant negative relationship with extroverted personality type, but no relationship was found between addiction and introverted personality type. There was also a negative relationship between spouse abuse and depression and a negative relationship between introverted and extroverted personality types with depression and a positive positive relationship between extroverted personality types with spouse abuse.

According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that addiction can increase the rate of depression and spousal abuse, as well as personality types that can affect addiction, depression, and spousal abuse.

The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between mother’s child abuse potential and components of patience. The sample consisted of 300 mothers in Bushehr, whose children were enrolled in the pre-school in the year of 2017-2018. The participants were selected through targeted-sampling method and completed the questionnaires of Patience (Khormaee, Farmani & Soltani, 2014), Emotional Dysregulation (Bradley, DeFife, Guarnaccia, Phifer, Fani, Ressler & Wetsen, 2011) and, a short form of Child Abuse Potential Scale (Ondersma, Chaffin, & LeBreton, 2005). Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The findings showed the optimal fitness of assumed model and indicated partial mediation role of the emotional dysregulation components in the relationship between the mother’s patience and her child abuse potential. The direct and indirect effects of patience components on child abuse potential were discussed. The final model, in general, emphasizes on the importance of considering patience in the process of family trainings, especially mothers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of predicting students' loneliness based on dark personality traits and mediation of love styles. The method of this study was correlation of path analysis type. 551 students (295 girl and 256 boys) were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method from Sari universities and responded to the Dark Triad Questionnaire (Jonason & Webster), Love Attitude Scale (Hendrick, Hendrick, & Dick) and Lonliness Scale (Russel, Peplau, & Cutrona). Data were analyzed using path analysis statistical method and AMOS software. Findings showed that in the sample of girl students, antisocial trait influenced the loneliness through mediating the erotic love, and in the case of boys students, narcissism trait was effective on loneliness through mediating of manic love style. Therefore, in general, it can be said that at least part of the relationship between the three dark traits of personality and loneliness in young non-clinical samples can be justified by the mediating effect of different attitudes to romantic relationships

The combination of mobile technology and medical expertise introduces a new feature called mobile health care, which provides new opportunities for improving patients' health. Physician's acceptance of mobile health services is an important factor in the establishment and adaption of such services. The present study investigated the factors affecting the acceptance of health services by physicians.

In this descriptive-analytic study, 150 physicians working in Shiraz and Kazeroun were included using cluster sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires adapted from other studies. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were confirmed. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) by Amos version 21 and SPSS version 23 software.

The effect of technology anxiety, adaption and resistance against change on perceived usefulness was significant. In addition, the effect of self-usefulness, adaptability, social norms, and resistance against change on perceived usefulness was significant. Moreover, parameters affected the intention to use via mediating variables of usefulness and perceived usefulness. The final research model had good fit indices.

According to the results, policymakers are recommended to take into account the five factors mentioned in this study, which are related to the acceptance of systems investigated here, for promoting an appropriate culture for the adaption of mobile health services by physicians.

Patience has been strongly recommended in religious texts as a moral virtue and as a coping strategy. Patience, of course, has been psychologically described as a completely natural tendency to help one stay calm in the face of suffering and thus can be one of the most powerful personal resources (Schnitker, 2012). Past research has correlated patience with a wide range of positive psychological outcomes in different groups and has even reported a correlation between mothers' patience and their children’s positive psychological outcomes (e.g., Zare & Farmani, 2017; Khormaee et al, 2016; Khormaee et al, 2014). However, it remains unclear how psychological mechanisms or mediators can link patience to different psychological outcomes. In particular, the mediating variables in the relationship between parental patience - especially mother’s - and the different psychological consequences of children have not been studied yet. Of course, parenting stress, which refers to some kind of discrepancy between parenting needs and individual parenting resources (Essex et al, 2002), has always been introduced as a significant mediator between the parents’ mental statuses and the developmental consequences or behavioral problems of their child (Fredrikson et al, 2019). In fact, the amount of parenting stress demonstrates the extent to which the parent has tolerated or managed the parenting experience based on his or her own resources (Deater-Deckard, Li & Bell, 2016). However, despite repeated research showing the impact of parenting stress on children's behavioral problems, as well as studies showing the correlation between patience and various psychological outcomes, there has been no research to investigate the relationship between maternal patience and child behavioral problems, most specifically, through an examination of the mediating role of parenting stress. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate a model in which maternal parenting stress is introduced as a mediating variable in the structural relationship between maternal patience and child aggression.

The patience of the mother through parenting stress can predict the child's aggression.

The present research is descriptive (non-experimental) and the research design is a correlation model. The statistical population consisted of all the mothers of preschool children in the city of Kazerun. A sample of 200 mothers was selected from the cluster sampling method. To this end, five preschools were randomly selected and then from each center, two classes were randomly selected and all the mothers of the children in those classes were evaluated. However, after deleting questionnaires that were flawed, a final sample of 193 mothers was formed. The software used in this study was SPSS 22 Extended Abstracts of the Persian Articles in English and AMOS 22. The research tools consisted of Adult Patience Scale (APS), a short form of Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and Child Adaptive Behavior Inventory (CABI).

To determine the share of components of patience in predicting the child's aggression score and the mediating role of parenting stress, the statistical method of path analysis with structural equation modeling was used. The result showed that mother’s reflection is the only variable that directly leads to a negative and significant prediction of the child's aggression. However, maternal perseverance appeared as the only component to significantly predict maternal stress, and its impact was found to be negative. Parenting stress, in turn, positively and significantly impacted the prediction of child aggression.

Research findings showed that of the various components related to maternal patience, the mother’s delayed gratification and perseverance were the only predictors of the child's aggression score; while both variables had a negative impact on the dependent variable, the effect of the former was direct but the latter indirectly affected child aggression score through the mediation of parental stress. This finding is consistent with those of other studies, including Izadi Taame et al. (2009) and Khormaee et al. (2014). In order to justify this, one may consider the component of perseverance. Perseverance is a part of patience that returns to the person standing over time and not leaving the subject or position behind him. With Khormaee et al. (2014) showing a strong correlation between perseverance and hope for the future, it can be argued that the mother's perseverance made her hopeful to continue upbringing her child in spite of all parental problems and the child’s improper behavior. The study findings further indicated that the component delayed gratification directly predicts the child's aggression, negatively and significantly. In explaining this finding, one can also refer to the definition of the variable, which, refers to a kind of ability to delay the response. People with the ability to delay gratification, by recognizing their immediate and harmful emotions, endure the failures or discomforts arising from interpersonal relationships; In other words, such people by delaying their immediate responses at the time of aggression, try to find a more constructive solution to the problem. Accordingly, the direct impact of this feature of mothers on their children’s aggression can be justified in terms of the children modeling this behavior of their mothers in delaying their immediate responses to challenging situations.

The purpose of this study was to predict body-image dissatisfaction of female students based on personality factors with mediating role of Instagram activity and appearance-based comparisons on Instagram. The research was a correlational study in terms of the method and research sample consisted of 301 female students selected by multistage-cluster sampling from 3rd and 4th year students of Kazerun universities, who responded to the Body Image Concern Inventory, the short form of the Goldberg Personality Questionnaire, the scale of activity on Instagram and the researcher-made questionnaire for appearance-based comparisons. Data have been analyzed using the Structural Equation Model in AMOS22 software. The findings showed that among five personality factors, only neuroticism predicted body image dissatisfaction directly and indirectly, by mediating the level of activity on Instagram and appearance-based comparisons. Thus, it can be said that the female student's neuroticism, while directly increasing their body image dissatisfaction, increases their activity on the Instagram, and, consequently, the increase in their appearance-based comparisons increases their body image dissatisfaction. Due to the great interest of the young Iranian community to the Instagram in recent years, this finding should be taken into consideration by the families, education officials of the country as well as women's activists.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between college students’ experiential avoidance and addiction potential by mediating emotion regulation styles.

The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study consisted of all undergraduate students at Kazerun Salman Farsi University in the academic year 2017-2018. 250 students were selected through a stratified sampling method from all colleges of the university. Then, they fulfilled Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (second version), Iranian Addiction Potential Scale and Affective Style Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-19 and AMOS-21 software.

The findings indicated that experiential avoidance predicts students’ addiction potential directly and indirectly it can predict addiction potential through the emotion regulation styles but the mediator role was not confirmed by the emotion regulation styles titled as concealing and tolerance.

In order to prevent addiction among young people, it will be necessary to pay attention to reducing the experiential avoidance that can exacerbate adaptive emotional adjustment and reduce predisposing to addiction.

Musculoskeletal disorders are major problems in hospital care staff. One of the most important reasons for these disorders are patient handling tasks and psychosocial stressors. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial stressors caused by Patients handling among nurse aids. This cross-sectional study was carried out among 56 nurse aids of Fasa University of Medical Sciences in 2017. The data were collected via Nordic questionnaire, MAPO index checklist and job content questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the variables and the chi-square test for analyzing the data. The results showed that the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was in the Lower back(71.4%) and the least in the thigh and neck area(46.4%). The results of MAPO index for risk of musculoskeletal disorders showed that 9 out of 12 sections(63.2%) were in the 2nd level. Also, the average score of the dimensions of the psychological job demands and the physical job demands are high and the average score of social support is low, which indicates high stress. Also, the physical job demands(P=0.035), social support(P=0.002) and job insecurity(P=0.001) were related to the levels of MAPO risks. According to the findings of the study, the prevalence of  low back pain is high and nurse aids experience many psychosocial stressors in their job life. So the training of the ergonomics principles and the use of auxiliary equipment in the transport of the patient by the nurse aid, as well as the reduction of stressors such as the psychological and physical job demand, the lack of social support and job insecurity by authorities. Efforts to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders.

The structure of health care in developing countries demands the development of integrated systems of information technology in the medical field. However, the acceptance of physicians is a major obstacle to establishing e-health systems in such countries. Hence, the present study examined a developed model of the factors affecting the acceptance of integrated e-health systems by Iranian physicians.
This was a correlational study and the study population included the physicians working in the Fars and Bushehr Provinces, Iran. The sample consisted of 310 participants who were selected through stage cluster sampling and were asked to complete the Information Technology Diffusion in Healthcare Questionnaire. Path analysis and multiple regression technique were employed to explore the research model.
Beta coefficient was found to be significant in paths existing in the model and different indices also indicated the appropriate fitness of the data to the model. In addition, behavioral intention in using integrated e-health care systems is significantly affected by the two factors of perceived convenience and usefulness.
Based on the findings of this research, policy-makers are recommended to take into account the 6 factors mentioned in the present study which are related to the acceptance of e-health systems in order to lay the appropriate cultural foundation to establish integrated e-health systems.