نیر پیراهری

Undoubtedly, in recent decades, tourism has been considered one of the most important social and economic phenomena with its cultural, political and environmental effects. It has become an all-encompassing and global phenomenon. the infrastructures that exist in each city can provide the basis for the development of tourism according to the social, cultural and economic aspects. The facilities available in Iran indicate that this country has the capacity to receive more than 2 to 3 million foreign tourists per year and this industry will be the most important option for foreign exchange earnings in the country after the oil industry. One of the cities of Iran that has a high tourism potential; The city of Sabzevar is the second most populated city in Khorasan Razavi province. Considering the foundation of Sabzevar city during the Parthian period and having favorable environmental conditions, political and military requirements, its location has a suitable position for the development of social, cultural and economic factors based on attracting tourists. In this regard, the main purpose of this article was "to know the effect of social, economic and cultural infrastructure on tourists' satisfaction".

According to the examined components, the ruling approach of this research was "descriptive-analytical" and the article was developmental-applicative in terms of its purpose. The statistical population included the tourists of Sabzevar city in the year of 2020, which according to the statistics of Sabzevar city tourism organization included 1320 people, the sample size calculated by Cochran's formula includes 300 tourists who were randomly questioned. For data analysis, SPS and Amos statistical analysis software with structural equation model and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used in the research.

In the exploratory factor analysis, the first factor "satisfaction of tourists based on the quality of social and historical capital" with an explained variance percentage of 25.76 had the largest share among the total factors influencing the satisfaction of tourists in Sabzevar city. The first factor with the explained variance percentage of 25.76 has the largest share among the total factors affecting the satisfaction of tourists in Sabzevar city, including indicators such as the level of satisfaction with being in Sabzevar city, according to the quality of social infrastructure facilities, the presence of historical houses in Sabzevar city. , the level of satisfaction with visiting the historical schools of Sabzevar city, the level of quality of life of citizens, the level of satisfaction with visiting caravanserais, the level of satisfaction with visiting natural attractions (wild life of Shir Ahmad), the level of interaction of citizens to ensure the safety of tourists, the level of satisfaction with the introduction and The promotion of tourism potentials of Sabzevar city, the degree of cooperation and participation of citizens and the desire to visit and travel again to Sabzevar city. In the structural equation model and confirmatory factor analysis of social, economic and cultural infrastructure on tourists' satisfaction, it was evaluated that in the social infrastructure, the components of participation and solidarity, social facilities and facilities, security and social programs could have an effect on tourists' satisfaction and also; In the economic infrastructure, the effective components including services and human capital, economic facilities and facilities and tourism-oriented economic programs were considered. In terms of cultural infrastructure, the effective components included cultures and traditions, cultural facilities and facilities, and cultural programs and services.

Tourism and the tourism economy are becoming one of the fastest growing activities in the world and a tool for generating national income. Tourists include a wide range of people who, according to their age group, gender, occupation, education, economic and social base, attitude, etc., they have different motivations and needs for leisure and entertainment and they turn to different spaces and activities. Therefore, in order to develop tourism, the first effective factor is tourist satisfaction, which can be explained based on the definition of tourist; In other words, the development and improvement of the quality of tourism infrastructure (social, cultural and economic) should be considered based on the needs of tourists on the one hand and the potential of tourism on the other hand. Also, the suggestions and solutions of this research in order to provide and improve tourist satisfaction based on social, cultural and economic infrastructure are as follows: Creating partnership between citizens and organizations involved in tourism in the field of proper use of environmental and human resources; Identifying the limitations, weaknesses and strengths of the economic, social and cultural infrastructure of Sabzevar city in order to increase the satisfaction of tourists; Publication of brochures and posters and publication of various articles and books by tourism officials in the field of tourism capacities in order to introduce the capabilities and capacities of tourism.

Arabs in Khuzestan providence same as other Iranian ethnics have unwritten culture that has a great relationship with their past history, ancestors-epic, mother tongue, believes, tribal customs, ethnic pride, religious pride, ethnic prejudice, art and literature. Most of the studies carried out earlier and reviewed in literature focusing on Arabs in Khuzestan are more political in nature, thus cultural studies are deemed necessary and could have great contributions. This study intends to recognize identity components of Arab ethnic in Khuzestan (case study in Shadegan). Participants of this study were 376 native instructors. The qualitative method of focus groups was used as a research method. In numerous meetings and in the form of 13 groups of 10 people, focus groups were discussed and the opinions of the participants were discussed in relation to the subject of the article, discussions were continued until the discussion reached the stage of saturation and no new information was presented. Cultural identity in 7 areas that are proposed by Rouh al-Amini was used as a theoretical framework. Findings showed that language, literature, history, religion, scientists, and famous people and their master pieces, beliefs, geographical and ecological situations, hand-made tools; cultural places are the basic components of cultural identity of Arabs in Khuzestan.

These days, virtual social networks, as a means of communication that can play positive and effective aspects in cultural development and human relations, is a threat to many families due to mismanagement and extreme and reasonless use by users. Today, virtual social networks play a role as one of the most important factor in many divorces, disorders and infidelities in couples' relationships. The present study is a qualitative study that was conducted by grounded theory method. The approach used in this research was the method of Strauss and Corbin (2000). The statistical population of this study is 21 people referred to the counseling center and specialists of the centers selected by a purposeful and theoretical sampling. The method of data analysis was open-axial-selective coding. 72 codes were identified in 13 themes (categories) and finally the pattern of liquid love formation in couples was drawn in social networks. Data analysis was performed using Atlas.Ti7 software. Findings and results of research show that causal factors include self-determination, life autonomy, self-love, individualization and proof of identity, disobedience of otherness and underlying factors including social harms, patriarchy in society, destruction of time and living and economic problems in the family causes the formation of liquid love in virtual networks which weakens the foundation of the family, reduces social capital, emotional divorce, extramarital affairs and freedom in love relationships

Political tendencies can be defined as the inner readiness of individuals to perform a specific action in the face of a political phenomenon. In accordance with this definition, it should be said that political tendencies were not a one-dimensional concept. And it encompasses a wide set of variables. This study seeks to address this issue by considering the descriptive-analytical research method and survey strategy, to collect data from the citizens of Pakdasht city. The study sample is 400 citizens of Pakdasht city. The results of this study helped to identify five types of CIA tendencies The citizens of the city of Pakdasht. citizens of Pakdasht city. The results of this study led to the identification of five types of political tendencies of the citizens of Pakdasht city. That includes radicals, liberals, moderates, conservatives, retrogressors. Among them, there is a stable relationship between personal authoritarianism, political culture, political socialization, reference groups, socio-economic status, and individual characteristics.

Emerging consequences due to the expansion of urbanization, unfair distribution of wealth, facilities and services on the one hand, and the poor state of the economy, unemployment and the consequent reduction in government revenues, which leads to a reduction in the support of organizations for vulnerable people, on the other hand, have affected the social hope of citizens.using sociological theories, we tried to find the factors affecting social hope among Tehrani citizens, and five variables were obtained from theories to explain the causes of social hope, including life satisfaction, social security, feeling of powerlessness, social trust, and social inequality. The research method is a quantitative-survey type and the sample showed that all five independent variables had an effect on the social hope of Tehrani citizens, which according to the correlation coefficient, With the increase of social trust, social security and life satisfaction, the level of social hope also increases, but on the other hand, with the increase of the feeling of powerlessness and social inequality, the level of social hope will decrease. In addition, the results of direct, indirect and total standard coefficients in structural equations showed that the variables of life satisfaction and social inequality, in addition to the direct and significant effect on the variable of social hope, have an indirect and significant effect through the mediation of the three variables of social trust, social security And they also feel powerless.

This study has been carried out with the aim of analyzing and evaluating the effect of tourism industry on socio-economic development of Kermanshah. The present study has been done using content analysis[1] method. In this study, first the data are defined, then the initial codes are generated. The main categories of the present study include terrorism industry, employment development, income increase, tourism infrastructure development, social cohesion development, social identity development, social communication development, each of which included several sub-categories. The measurement model of this study had 4 observed variables and 2 latent variables. The value of GOF for the proposed model is equal to 0.808. PLS Smart has been used to analyze the information obtained from the research. The results of the research estimates have confirmed all the research hypotheses. The results also show that: investment plays a key role in the development of tourism, domestic weakness and external threats in this region is necessary and needs to be reviewed and appropriate policies to address weaknesses and threats using strengths and opportunities, and urban management is considered as one of the influential factors in the development and improvement of sustainable tourism.

Over the past few decades, the innstitutionof the family, influenced by the process of modernity, has undergone profound changes at both the objective level – structural and subjective. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study the mechanism and dynamism of family values ​​in Ilam. The method used is a sequential combination research method. The study population of this study were couples of two decades (1365-1375 and 1385-1695) living in Ilam that based on purposive sampling method (qualitative part) and random (quantitative part) the required information was collected. In the exploratory (qualitative) part of the research, 110 concepts, 23 component categories and 27 major categories were extracted, and the nuclear category, which is a theory discovery, was introduced as a modern and fragile family. The results show that the evolution of family values ​​between the two generations is evident in the areas of spouse selection, lifestyle, family traditions, and children. As a result of the family; It is moving towards a modern and fragile family.The findings of the quantitative section, while confirming the results of the qualitative section, indicate that family values ​​in recent decades in Ilam have been influenced by the process of modernity and its consequences and during the process of transformation of values ​​with the focus on fading traditions.

 This article studies and analyzes the role of Karaj prisons in political, social and cultural changes of this metropolis between 2006 and 2019. accordingly, the main question of the present research is: What is the role of Karaj metropolis prisons on the political, social and cultural changes of this metropolis between the years from 2006 to 2019?The temporary response to the main question is: Karaj city has slowed the political development process, also caused social challenges such as increasing crime and informal settlements and cultural challenges between 2006 and 2019 in Karaj metropolis.Alborz province is one of the most important and populated regions of the country. There are significant development differences between different regions of Alborz province. The most important development planning steps are setting development goals and reducing imbalance. To identify regional disparities and provide regional development indicators, we need to review the current situation and indicators of development in different economic, social and cultural sectors in Karaj. The present study, is an applied research which is conducted through survey and descriptive – analytical from the perspective of purpose.

Crime and its prevention in any region is an important necessity for planners, criminologists and policy makers. The aim of this article is to investigate the role and impact of Karaj prisoners on informal settlements in this metropolis with a crime prevention approach (between 2006 and 2019). Accordingly, crime prevention in marginalized areas is crucial due to the special potential of these areas for criminal acts and the existence of populous families in these areas; Because committing criminal acts in these areas has an educational aspect to family members and they are weak in terms of the existence of control and deterrent mechanisms in these areas. Therefore, the need to prevent crime in these areas is very important.

The method of this study is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods simultaneously in informal settlements between 2006 and 2019. From the perspective of the purpose is the type of applied research.

The findings of the study show that the formation of inappropriate and informal settlements around the prisons and the increase in crime have not been unrelated to the site of Karaj prisons. With the physical and demographic expansion of cities, penitentiaries that were outside the city space have gradually entered part of the city interior space. .

The results show that with the widespread influx of immigrants into cities and the resulting changes, the rate of crime has increased significantly.

The present study was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis of the effectof new reference groups on the process in formation of citizenship ethics in Iran in the last three decades in the educational year 2020. The study population were students of the Faculty of Social Sciences, units the Central Tehran and Research the Sciences in Islamic Azad University in Tehran. The theoretical framework was a combination of the theories of "Durkheim, Parsons, Habermas, Wallerstein, Giddens, Seyfollahi and Merton". Survey method, researcher-made questionnaire technique, cluster sampling and sample size were determined based on Cochran's formula (369 people). Data analysis was performed with Amos software. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient confirmed the positive and significant relationship between the external Community Factors, internal Community Factors and mass media and in formation of new reference groups affecting citizenship ethics. The results of path analysis also confirmed the positive effect of cyberspace in formation of new reference groups, and the most effect of this space was related to Instagram on celebrities as a new reference group. The results of path analysis also confirmed the positive and significant effect of new reference groups in formation of citizenship ethics in Iran. The most effect was also achieved on the indicators of respect for others, responsibility and acceptance of criticism.

Failure to obey a law in a society will lead to chaos in the various organs of that society, and social security will be jeopardized. In this regard, the present study investigates the relationship between cultural and social factors with unlawfulness.

The present study is a survey research which was conducted using a questionnaire technique to collect data. The statistical population of this study includes all the residents of Semnan; 248 individuals were selected by random sampling method. Cronbach's alpha was obtained as 0.9 for the unlawfulness variable.

The results show that the rate of unlawfulness is low among 36.5% of respondents, 52.8% somewhat and 10.7% high. The average rate of unlawfulness among respondents is 1.3 (mean range between 1 and 3), which indicates a low level.

The results show that there is a significant inverse relationship between social trust, life satisfaction, and unlawfulness. There was also a significant direct relationship between the level of sense of anomie and the unlawfulness of the respondents. There was no significant relationship between sense of discrimination and collectivism and the level of unlawfulness of the respondents.

The aim of the present research is to study the social participation of Tehran city citizens in municipal activities. The theoretical framework of research on Durkheims, Giddens, Homans, Dahl theory was selected. In this research the method of research is survey and technique of data collection is questionnaire. In this research 286 of the citizens of this city (region1 & region20) have been selected with the use of simple random sampling method and have responded to social participation questionnaires. The collected data from the questionnaires were analyzed with the use of program of spss. The results showed that 12.7 percent of respondents in down amounts, 65.6 percent in average amounts and 21.7 percent in top amounts are involved in municipal affairs. As well as between the respondent's participation in municipal affairs by place of residence, history of residence, ownership of urban environment, social trust and satisfaction with municipal services direct relation was observed.