هادی رجبی

Covid-19 pandemic causes psychological and emotional turbulence and emergence of anxiety in many people in the society. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of Positive psychotherapy on the health anxiety and cognitive fusion in the women with the Covid-19 pandemic anxiety.

the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design and two-month follow-up stage. The statistical population of the present study included the women with Covid-19 pandemic anxiety in the city of Isfahan in the second six months of 2020. 32 women with Covid-19 anxiety were selected through purposive sampling method and were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 32 women). The experimental group received eigh seventy-five-minute positive psychotherapy sessions online (Barlo et.al, 2011). The applied questionnaires in this study included Covid-19 anxiety questionnaire (Ali Pour et.al, 2019), health anxiety questionnaire (Salkovskis, Warwick, 2002 and cognitive fusion questionnaire (Gillanders et al, 2010). The data from the study were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test.

the results showed that the Positive psychotherapy has significant effect on the health anxiety and cognitive fusion of the women with the Covid-19 pandemic anxiety (p<0.001) and succeeded in the reduce health anxiety and cognitive fusion in these women.

Problem statement: 

In today's era, media and especially social networks, by influencing the triple layers of belief, value and behavior, play a very important role in engineering people's thoughts and political behaviors in elections. In this article, with an emphasis on the 13th presidential election of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the role of the opposition media in engineering public opinion and strategies to counter it in line with the soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran have been researched.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature, type of data and methodological approach of qualitative studies based on thematic analysis. data collection tool, use of sampling method; It is purposeful and based on theoretical saturation. Theme analysis technique was used to analyze the data obtained from the conducted interviews.

opposition and counter-revolutionary groups, using methods and methods such as: formation of think tanks and situation analysis tables; focus on disqualifying candidates; creating a crisis and creating a bipolar atmosphere in society; Launching various campaigns, exploiting economic problems, creating rumors, inducing despair and hopelessness, highlighting the role of leadership in the elections, were used to influence and engineer the public opinion of the Iranian society in the 1400 presidential election.The soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in dealing with these actions includes: the role of the Supreme Leader in guiding public opinion, strengthening the revolutionary flow in social networks, increasing public trust in mass media, etc.

Land-use change is an important factor in changing the hydrologic processes and biodiversity. It has significant environmental consequences at local, regional, and global scales. Although many studies have been conducted for revealing the land-use change worldwide, its impact on the hydrologic processes, water resources, water supply, and water consumption is poorly understood.

The present research is an effort to use remote sensing techniques for investigating land-use change in Qom province during the last three decades. Qom province, located in the west of the Dasht-e-Kavir desert with vulnerable water resources, has been subject of a rapid development process in recent decades so water resources require more attention. Here, Maximum Likelihood Classification (MLC) and Decision Tree Classification (DTC) were used to show the role of the classification method in the results.

The results showed that “drought” and “increasing number of farmers”, with an average score of 3.56 and 3.45 respectively on a scale of 1 to 5, are considered as the main causes of agricultural water conflict. From the farmers’ view, the priority for reducing water conflicts was the participation of farmers in managing water wells and negotiating with farmers around the water. On a scale of 13 to 65 with an average of 38.51, the perceived agricultural water conflict was at the medium level. By increasing farm distance from the well, area of agricultural rental land, and annual income from non-agricultural activities, the perception of agricultural water conflict increased. However, by increasing owned agricultural land area and agricultural income, the perception of agricultural water conflict decreased. The main strategy used by farmers to manage agricultural water conflict was “control”, in which coercion and force are used to manage conflict. The “problem-solving” and “avoidance” strategies were the second and third priorities respectively.

Conventional humanities as a product of Enlightenment era thought and thought based on material and earthly definitions and attitudes of man's relationship with the structured world and by preserving these features were brought to Iran. With the victory of Iran's glorious Islamic revolution, this revolution entered the field as a great religious movement; He broke the frameworks, pushed the old clichés to the face of the world and brought up religion and the world together. It was natural that the effects and consequences of this revolution would spread to all economic, social, political, cultural and scientific fields, and in this regard, Ayatollah Khamenei spoke about the necessity of transformation in human sciences. Therefore, the current research is trying to answer this basic question using the method of Thematic analysis: "What are the components and characteristics of the evolution in the humanities from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei?" For this purpose, all his unclassified statements from June 1368 AH were taken into consideration and among them, 32 texts were analyzed as the basis of this research in the framework of MAXQDA software. As a result, the main components of the transformation in human sciences from the perspective of His Holiness were classified into five categories of goals, importance, requirements, executors and strategies, and their following indicators were extracted and analyzed from the statements and orders of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution.

One of the essential problems in institutional policies in developing countries is the existence of abstractive institutions such as incompetent rents, the culture of kinship and the lack of transparency of administrative processes. This article focuses on the concept of clientelism as institution within the framework of the new institutionalism theory, seeking to disclose the indicators and significance of this institution in the Pahlavi II government. Clientelism assumed as an abstractive institution which leads to the development of the cycle of vicious. The main hypothesis (idea) of this article is that the clientelism is the main reason for losing social trust of sovereignty and the reduction of social capital in the second Pahlavi state, finally, the main reason of its collapse. In the other words, social distrust as a result of the institution of Clientelism bring the second Pahlavi into a social catastrophe, its outcome was the collapse of the political system. Social trap means choice of advantageous policies by social networks and political system, which evidently to be profitable initially, but ultimately leads to social harm and harm. But ultimately it leads to social collapse and political fall down; the Islamic Revolution (1979) was the result of these extensions.

The urban planning and management approach in the green city, as an essential and comprehensive part of urban strategies based on ecological management, seeks ecological sustainability and consequently urban sustainability by adapting environmental indicators. In recent decades, the metropolis of Tehran, due to its centrality and consequently the increase in population, has caused the community to enter the ecological area of nature, and especially urban rivers, the natural space of rivers has undergone extensive artificial changes. One of the priorities for the development of blue green space is the rehabilitation and reorganization of urban rivers, which is developing rapidly in the world. This issue has been considered in urban rivers of Iran, including Tehran, during the last two decades. In this article, in particular, the spatial development of Kan River, which is one of the natural and recreational spaces of Tehran, with the approach of revitalization and development of urban rivers and blue green space development options, is presented with a multi-criteria decision support system (MCDM). And the use of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been investigated. In accordance with the natural conditions of the river and the existing artificial spaces affected by urban development, considering the six criteria and the options presented in this research, the criterion of "increasing the visual blue green area of urban rivers" is more important and In addition, among the options offered, the option "Dynamic River Landscapes" was selected as the best option for the development of blue green space.

The Nagorno-Karabakh region is one of the security subdivisions of the South Caucasus region, which has long been a point of contention between the two governments of the Azerbaijan and the Armenia. Conflicts that have been violent from the beginning and its latest manifestation can be seen in the war between the two countries from September 27, 2020. Developments in the region for various reasons, such as its geographical proximity to Iran's northwestern borders, common historical heritage, the existence of identical ethnicities and races, the efforts of powerful countries to gain influence in the region, and the like have led to security concerns for the Iran Comparison with other competing countries is more important. Therefore, the main question that we seek to answer in this study is " What are the threats of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict to the border security of the Iran?" To achieve the answer, using library resources and descriptive-analytical method, a review of the roots of the conflict in this region has been done; Then, the most important sources of tension and threat in this region are explained, and finally, the presence of Syrian terrorists on the northwestern borders of Iran; Israeli intelligence, security and military presence on the northwestern border wall of Iran; Escalation of military tensions on the northwestern borders and disrespect for international borders; And the intensification of separatist movements were identified as the most important threats to the border security of the Islamic Republic of Iran in connection with the said conflict.

"Islamic ummah" is one of the basic concepts in the Islamic political system that Islamic thinkers have taken special care to explain and explain its nature and what and generally consider reaching a single Islamic ummah as one of their ideals. This concept has been one of the strategic concepts in the discourse of the Islamic Revolution and the political thought of its founders, which has been recognized and widely republished. In this article, by modeling the strategic analysis model, by examining the historical course of the Islamic Ummah, first the current situation is determined and then the strategies to strengthen Islamic unity and achieve the desired future, which is the formation of the Islamic Ummah in the Islamic world, based The thoughts of the leaders of the Islamic Revolution should be presented. The main finding of the research focuses on the current situation in the Islamic world, the existence of divisions and differences as the biggest obstacle to the formation of the Islamic Ummah; On the contrary, in the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, the strategies for recovering the Islamic Ummah in the minds of the leaders of the Revolution have been considered by presenting operational strategies that have been addressed in the present study. The type of research in this article is fundamental and an attempt has been made to provide scientific answers to the questions posed by using descriptive-analytical method and using strategic analysis tools.

The position and role that the police force have in building power has caused the Supreme Leader to demand from this force the achievement of the level of the Islamic Republic, the level of the Islamic State and the level of the Quranic and Islamic society. This article seeks to answer the following questions: a) Where is the Islamic State in the view of the Supreme Leader? B) What are the characteristics of the desired police based on his views?

The type of this article is of an applied research type. An attempt has been made to encode the data extracted from his statements using MAXQDA software and to analyze it in the framework of qualitative method (qualitative content analysis technique). The statistical population of the research includes the collection of the statements of the Supreme Leader until December 2016.  

The two important findings of this article are the explanation of the Islamic State in the view of the Supreme Leader and the achievement of the characteristics of the police in this style, taken from his orders. Attempts have also been made to identify the characteristics of the armed forces in the Islamic style and the obstacles to human construction in this style.

Outlining the desired future for the armed forces, including the IRGC, the army and the police, is one of the topics to which the Supreme Leader pays special attention. Although a good progress that has been made in the police force in various dimensions since the victory of the Islamic Revolution, his demand is for this force to reach the level of the Islamic State.

Border security is a strong support for security with its various dimensions within the country, and any insecurity at the border is able to disrupt the economic, cultural, political, social and military systems within the country, and in return, the desired security is able to limit its security. And it has a very prominent share in the country. The purpose of this study is to investigate the political and social factors affecting the cooperation of border residents in improving the security of border areas of Urmia. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey type. The statistical population includes all commanders and successors of border units, security officials and political and security deputies, which is 120 people in total. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed with spss statistical software. The results of the research show that from the point of view of border residents, participation in the implementation of security projects increases the sense of cooperation and cooperation between the people of the region. Regarding the level of awareness of the respondents about the methods of improving the security of the border, the average awareness of the respondents from different aspects of the plans to improve the security of the border areas shows.

Security is one of the basic needs of man. Life expectancy, prosperity and promotion in many areas, including cultural, economic, and technological and industrial advancements are possible in the light of security. One of the important goals of this study is to identify social security indicators in Islam. In this study, the word security has been described in terms of both the conceptual and the literal meaning of security from the Islamic point of view and the indicators of social security have been expressed from the perspective of the Holy Quran.

The research method is descriptive-analytical. A library method and note-taking tool were also used for data collection.

The study revealed that the Holy Qur'an has focused on the social security dimension and its characteristics, and without respecting its indicators the intellectual, cultural, and even political and economic activities, as well as promoting divine commandments and guiding the individual and society can be disrupted.

From the point of view of the Supreme Leader, in the current context of the international system changing, the issue of the unity of the Islamic world will be very important and influential on the future of the Islamic world. Therefore, in this article, we tried to study the views and opinions of them, strategies to achieve the unification of the world of Islam, given the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats facing the Islamic world on the eve of the transformation of the nature of the world system and the creation of a new world order , Explained.

This paper attempts to use the SWOT approach to identify and categorize the strategies presented in the statements of the Supreme Leader regarding the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the unity of the Islamic world.

By examining each of the points mentioned in the SWOT approach, in the statements of the Supreme Leader it was found that, in their view, the Islamic world has many strengths that are referred to in this article to eleven of them. On the other hand, unfortunately, the biggest weakness of the Islamic world from the point of view of the Supreme Leader is the internal disagreements that impede the unification of the Islamic world. By reviewing the outlook, twelve strategies were outlined to address the weaknesses. He also gives a comprehensive look at the various angles of the Islamic world, describing the opportunities facing the Islamic world, of which thirteen are discussed in this article. At the end of the day, with the help of great trials, the main strategy has been presented to overcome the threat of the enemy.

Islamic unity and unity are the only solution to the problems and challenges of the Islamic world. In this regard, the Supreme Leader has, over the past years, stated strategies to address the weaknesses, take advantage of the strengths and turn the threats into opportunities, including features such as realism with idealism and pragmatism, along with a critical approach to the status quo, in It is observed.

In recent years, hard power has lost its credibility to a large extent so soft approaches have gained more importance. In this atmosphere, countries have faced new requirements in the field of their foreign policy, including the addition of a fourth pillar- cultural diplomacy- to the three existing ones, namely political, economic and security diplomacy. This paper seeks to investigate the role and status of Moavedin (a group of Iranian Iraqis ancestry who were deported from Iraq by Saddam Hussein in the 1970s) in the Islamic Republic of Iran’s public diplomacy in Iraq to identify its security outcomes.

This paper is an applied, qualitative research conducted via the descriptive-analytic method. The data has been collected using notecards. Hence, in terms of method, the research has been based on library research from beginning to end.

Within the framework of the Diffusion Theory, Moavedin can be considered as those tasked with brining change and leaders of opinion who, historically speaking, were deported from Iraq in three periods to settle in Iran. Benefiting from their capacities and potentials in the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Public Diplomacy in Iraq can find the basis of meaningful and extensive ties between the two countries whose outcomes would clearly contribute to the country’s national security.

Moavedin’s playing a role within the framework of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Public Diplomacy in Iraq. They help to eliminate misunderstandings and misinterpretations between the two countries and reduce their difference and on the other hand help to secure common interests by justifying Iran’s policies and actions in Iraq.

Due to its heavy and important duties, on the one hand, and the direct interaction with the people on the other hand, police force has a unique role among the security provider organizations. Therefore, this study is designed to analyze the contents of the requirements for the realization of the law enforcement security in the thought of the Supreme Commander of all armed forces, and seeks to answer this fundamental question: what are the requirements for the realization of the disciplinary security from the point of view of the Supreme Leader? The research data includes all the non-confidential statements made by the Supreme Commander of all armed forces during a meeting with I. R. I. Police commanders and students of Amin Police University Sciences from March 2011 to September 2013. This study was conducted using the "theme analysis" and within the framework of MAXQDA software. Content validity test was used to assess the validity. For this purpose, the findings of this research were reviewed by a number of experts and their views were employed to modify the contents of the research question. The Holstean method was also employed to calculate the reliability of the data; therefore, the reliability of the leading research results was confirmed with respect to the resulting value of .89. Findings and Results: The results of the research show that from the point of view of the Supreme Commander of all armed forces, in order to create, establish and generalize the most important national need, which is security, the police force requires the preservation and strengthening religious values in the dimension of attitude, innovation, especially in the field of science in the dimension of knowledge, and authority and legalism and discipline in the dimension of capability.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and independence of the board of directors on agency. The greater the number of board members as well as its independence as a regulatory mechanism to reduce agency costs considered. Also, the ratio of operating costs to sales and asset turnover as a measure of agency costs is used. A sample of 110 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for a period of 2005 to 2012 are studied. In this study panel data regression analysis is used. The results suggest that the increase in board members, managers will enhance monitoring activities thus, the ratio of operating costs to sales and asset turnover (efficiency) are increased.

In the present era of urban and rural Islamic councils representing the distribution of power in a democratic society، religious and democratic policy making local government area of the state. With expected that the local Democratic organization، control of non-governmental organizations، increase public participation in its governance and accountable institutions to manage local affairs and to have a lot to be moving towards development. Islamic councils of cities and villages، the extent and significance is unprecedented in Iranian history. At the end of the seventies، with the formation of city and village councils، the unprecedented participation of citizens in the council was formed. But for some reasons، the participation of citizens in later periods decreased. This research approach and the approach of behaviorism، the influence of Tehran City Council on citizen attitudes toward political participation have been evaluated. Based on this development، in a social survey questions have been raised that the response of our citizens has led to scientific findings. The most important results can be pointed to the following: in the cognitive، familiarity with the duties of citizens، city council and its action is very weak. In the motivation، desire to see more participation by citizens in the City Council and Few respondents participated in municipal elections and in the behavioral evidence that is consistent with the results of the municipal elections.

The government is the only legal source of power in the geographical areas of the country. The exertion of power is up to the police, the aim of which is to maintain one of the most urgent demands of the country, security. In this regard, every components of the security including political geography would be of great importance in the police science. In the globalization arena, political geography like other science areas has become subject to change to bring about certain consequences for police sciences. The present study tries to investigate the theory named "the end to geography" which has lead to the changes to the sources of power and security and the consequent challenges؛ challenges which have affected the police science more than anything else.

Globalization is a phenomenon that has had created both opportunities for and challenges to governments and their main responsibility, i.e providing security. It has changed the principles and criteria for legibility of political units and systems. If not handled correctly and wisely, it can cause legibility crisis, political instabilities and could finally lower the level of security. Also the fast rate of social changes as well as constant emergence of new phenomena can perplex and confuse organizations in charge of security, paving the way for instability and insecurity.