دکتر صادق ملکی آوارسین

The present study was conducted with the aim of structural modeling of interactive leadership style, perceived organizational support, and mental well-being, with the mediating role of psychological hardiness in employees of the five educational districts of Tabriz. The research employed a descriptive correlational design with structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of 500 employees from the five educational districts of Tabriz in 2023, from which a sample of 246 participants was selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling based on Cochran's formula. Data were collected using validated questionnaires, including the Interactive Leadership Style Questionnaire (Shao et al., 2017), Perceived Organizational Support Questionnaire (Allen et al., 2008), Mental Well-being Scale (Molavi et al., 2009), and Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire (Moreno-Jiménez et al., 2014). Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation coefficients and structural equation modeling. The findings indicated a positive and significant relationship among interactive leadership style, perceived organizational support, mental well-being, and psychological hardiness. Moreover, psychological hardiness was confirmed as a mediator in the relationship between interactive leadership style, perceived organizational support, and mental well-being. These results suggest that fostering psychological hardiness can enhance interactive leadership style, perceived organizational support, and employee well-being. By promoting psychological hardiness, organizations can create healthier and more dynamic workplaces that benefit both employees and the organization. It is recommended to encourage psychological resilience and flexibility through activities designed to strengthen psychological hardiness among employees.

One of the issues that media organizations face in order to gain a competitive advantage in the media field is the training and empowerment of employees. The purpose of this article is to explain the effective factors on improving the training quality of national media workers.

This research is in two parts, qualitative and quantitative, and the purpose of the article is to explain the effective factors extracted in the qualitative part. The statistical population was the employees of irib organization, who were selected as a sample using Cochran's formula by cluster sampling method. Data collection was done by questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was calculated using the Lawshe table. Data analysis was done using t-test, structural equation modeling and PLS partial least squares method. The significance indices of factor loading, composite reliability coefficient and extracted average variance were evaluated. SPSS and Smart PLS3 software were also used. In line with the derived model, 12 input factors, 15 process factors, 3 output factors, 3 outcome factors and 155 criteria and 910 indicator.

The findings showed that all of them have the power to explain the quality of training and the research model has the appropriate fit.

This research provides a clear perspective and operational planning of media managers in relation to human capital. It is effective in increasing the motivation of human factors, teachers and training managers in how to improve and improve the quality of the organization's training system in line with its ultimate goals and mission.

The purpose of this research is to compile and validate the curriculum of religious education in the preschool period. The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of the type of data, and is a sequential exploratory combined approach. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes 16 curriculum studies experts, Islamic education experts, and instructors of this course; and in the quantitative section, it includes 200 preschool children. Sampling was done purposefully and according to the theoretical saturation of the data. The tools of data collection are semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Theme analysis was used to collect information in the qualitative stage, and structural equation modeling in the quantitative stage. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using Nvivo version 8 software in the form of thematic analysis-based, inductively on the "theme network" technique, and during the stages of coding (open, central and selected), and the proposed model of religious education for preschool children was compiled and its assumptions were used to prepare a survey questionnaire in the quantitative stage and evaluate its validity. To ensure the validity of the instrument, expert consensus was used using Delphi method and Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine reliability (α = 0.83). The data were collected with convergent validity (AVE > 0.5) and composite reliability (CR > 0.7), and were analyzed by PLS software to validate the model from structural equation modeling using partial least squares. The results showed that the identified characteristics can predict religious education curriculum components in a favorable way (R2=0.552). Finally, the fit of the overall research model was confirmed (GOF=0.438).

The current research was conducted with the aim of structural analysis of toxic leadership on organizational vitality with the mediating role of organizational discord.

This is an applied research and a descriptive correlation method of causal modeling (structural equation modeling). The statistical population is all the administrative employees of the educational districts of East Azarbaijan province in 1400. Proportional stratified random sampling method, 370 people were selected using Morgan's table. Three standard questionnaires were used to collect data. Content and structural validity of the questionnaires, confirmation and reliability of the questionnaires were obtained as 0.83, 0.87 and 0.89 respectively. In order to evaluate the relationships between the latent and measured variables in the research, structural data modeling was used using SPSS and LISREL software.

The findings of the present study indicate a significant role between the variables. Also, the results confirmed the mediating role of organizational discord in the causal relationship between toxic leadership and organizational vitality.

The research results indicate that toxic leadership and organizational hypocrisy are factors that reduce organizational vitality.

The present study was conducted with the aim of structural modeling of interactional leadership style relationships and perceived organizational support with the mediating role of psychological hardness in education staff of the 5types districts of Tabriz.

This research, in terms of purpose, was applied; In terms of data collection method, was descriptive; and in terms of the nature of the data, was quantitative. Statistical population, have been including all education staff of the 5types districts of Tabriz in the academic year 2022-2023 to the number of 500 people. The sampling method was stratified random method. The sample size, according to Cochran's formula, there were 246 people. The data collection tool, was interactive leadership style questionnaire, perceived organizational support and psychological hard work questionnaire.

The structural modeling results showed, relationship between interactive leadership style and perceived organizational support of education staff was significant. As well as, relationship between interactive leadership style and psychological hardness of education staff was significant. Furthermore, the mediating role of psychological hardness in the relationship between interactive leadership style and perceived organizational support of education staff of the 5types districts of Tabriz was confirmed.

In order to improve the job performance of education staff, it is suggested appropriate action should be taken in order to strengthen psychological hardness and setting the stage for an interactive leadership style; and also optimizing perceived organizational support.

Education in elementary school is very sensitive. In this context, today, those involved in the educational system are trying to provide the desired form of education for learners through the curriculum in the form of a consolidated curriculum. Based on this, the main goal of the current research was to design an integrated curriculum model in sixth grade science education.

The current research method was of a qualitative type in the qualitative content analysis method and of an inductive type. The participants included experts in educational sciences, curriculum planning and science education, (professors of Farhangian University, State University, Azadopiam Noor) and teachers, who were selected using non-random sampling method based on criteria and semi-structured interviews with 18 people.

The findings showed that 9 main categories based on Klein's curriculum elements (goals, content, teaching learning strategies, learning activities, place, time, tools, grouping of learners and evaluation of learning) and 151 subcategories were extracted and a suitable model was designed. Validation results based on the opinions of 13 experts according to CVI-CVR indicators showed that the designed model has the required validity.

It can be concluded that the model identified in the current research can be implemented in the sixth-grade science course and it leads to the improvement of the quality of education.

Human resource productivity is one of the main concerns of managers of organizations, and they always try to identify factors affecting productivity, one of which is employee welfare. The purpose of the present research is to identify the components of the welfare affairs of the property and document registration staff in East Azerbaijan Province in order to provide a suitable model. In this qualitative research, metacombination strategy and content analysis are employed. The studied population included 110 articles, dissertations and Persian and English books written from 2015 to 2022, among which 56 items that were more relevant to the purpose of the present research were purposefully selected as the sample of the study, coded and classified. Then, the main themes were extracted, consolidated, rethought and rearranged. The findings show that the well-being model can be classified into three dimensions: mental, objective and social: the main themes of mental well-being include twelve categories, the objective well-being includes eight categories, and the social well-being includes twelve categories. Therefore, it seems crucial to pay attention to various dimensions of the welfare of the registry office employees. The present model, designed for the welfare of the employees, makes it possible to provide suitable grounds for their health and job satisfaction, and in this way, increase their productivity.

The purpose of this study is to Present a management model with a sociological perspective for public universities of Iran (Top universities) in 2018. The presented research was a quantitative descriptive-correlational study. The research population was the faculty members of level-one universities in Iran. Using proportionate stratified random sampling, 182 people were selected as the sample. The measurement instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with 56 items. Cronbach's alpha, combined reliability, RHO_A reliability, and shared reliability were used to evaluate the reliability of the measuring instrument. The mean-variance was used to evaluate the content validity from the point of view of professors in the field of higher education and to evaluate the construct validity. Data were analyzed in SPSS and LISREL software by structural equation modeling. Based on the results obtained in the first-order factor analysis, 7 components with 38 indicators were approved, and in the second-order factor analysis, the components of quality evaluation, policy-making, management and leadership patterns, financial mechanisms, autonomy, government planning, and oversight, Had a sufficient factor to predict. The value of the GOF index (0.569) showed that the model designed for public universities' management is a good fit.

Profound cultural changes and lifestyles make people lack the necessary skills in dealing with problems and human beings need solutions to deal with them. The solutions obtained through human knowledge alone do not meet their real needs, but Islam pays attention to both material and spiritual needs with a mixture of cognitive, emotional and behavioral methods. These skills are described in detail in the Qur'an and the words of the Infallibles. Accordingly, it is necessary to design a model of life skills curriculum for sixth grade elementary students based on Islamic teachings.

In this research, according to the nature of the subject and its main purpose is descriptive and citation-analytica In addition the results of the validation of the proposed model by the curriculum experts and relevant experts showed that it was appropriate and it was approved at a high level.

While analyzing the main concepts and implications of the documents, items and verses that are treated as life skills, are identified and analyzed, and at the end a pattern of Islamic life skills, based on a communication perspective (God, self, others, Nature), which is frequently mentioned in Islamic documents and principles, is extracted under four main dimensions and skills of self-knowledge, empathy with others, knowledge of nature and theology, and ten components and forty-two characteristics, with two hundred and twelve Qur'anic and Islamic citations. And was designed.

By examining Islamic texts, including the Qur'an and other Islamic texts, regarding the worldly and otherworldly happiness of human beings, detailed skills were obtained that can be used by recognizing and currenting them in all walks of life. He avoided and got rid of life skills and training that originated from one-dimensional and materialistic thinking and lifestyle.

The present research was carried out by the purpose of determining the relationship among organizational loyalty and social undermining by mediating of organizational commitment of school managers in Miandoab. It is applied research considering its purpose and regarding the method of data collection descriptive of correlational kind using modeling structural equations. The statistical population of the present study included all the managers of Miandoab schools in all grades of elementary, first period of high school, second period of high school, technical –professional instruction, vocational training in the educational year of 2021-2022 among them 262 people were selected by using relative class method. In order to collect the needed data, questionnaire of organizational loyalty of (Kumar & Shekhar, 2012) questionnaire of organizational commitment of (Belfor & Wechsler, 1996) questionnaire of social undermining of (Duffy et al, 2002) were used. In order to analyze data and examine causal relations among the variables, modeling structural equations were used. The results showed that organizational loyalty has significant negative relationship effect on social undermining (p<.01) and organizational commitment has significant negative relationship effect on social undermining (p<.01). Also, the mediating effect of organizational commitment in relationship between organizational loyalty and social undermining was confirmed (p<.01). Regarding the findings, it could be indicated that in order to control and decrease social undermining of school managers and avoid disruptive behaviors, considering the organizational commitment and organizational loyalty seems necessary.

The present research was carried out by the purpose of determining the causal relationship among organizational loyalty and work morality with social undermining by mediating of organizational commitment of school managers in Miandoab. It is applied research considering its purpose and regarding the method of data collection, it is descriptive of correlational kind using modeling structural equations. The statistical population of the present study includes all the independent managers in male and female schools of Miandoab city in all the educational grades (elementary, first period of high school, second period of high school, technical –professional instruction, vocational training) in the educational year of 2021-2022 who were 380 people that by using relative class method, the sample volume was determined as 262 people. In order to collect the needed data, questionnaire of organizational loyalty, questionnaire of work morality, questionnaire of organizational commitment, questionnaire of social undermining was used. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that all four questionnaires have relatively good of fitness. Then, in order to analyze data, modeling structural equations was used. Examination of the relationships among the research variables was done through Pearson torque correlation. The obtained results show that organizational commitment has significant negative relationship with social undermining. There is significant positive relationship between work morality and organizational commitment and between organizational loyalty and organizational commitment, there is significant positive relationship, between organizational loyalty with social undermining, and also between work moral with social undermining relationship there are significant negative relationship. Regarding the findings, it could be concluded that in order to decrease social undermining and control its outcomes in the schools, considering the organizational loyalty, work morality and organizational commitment has utmost importance.

Critical thinking, as one of the types of human thinking, is necessary for people at higher education levels. Past studies have reported the extent of critical thinking of students of different university levels low. This research aimed to compare the critical thinking of Ph.D. students in different fields. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population was 1210 Ph.D. students in different fields at Tabriz Islamic Azad University. The sample size was estimated 212 people by Cochran's method. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected through form B of the California Critical Thinking Skills Test and were analyzed using t-mean comparison and analysis of variance tests. Based on the findings, the mean score of critical thinking of Ph.D. students in the Tabriz branch is 18.81± 5.36. The critical thinking score was highest in the humanities faculty, 19.81±5.54, and it was lowest in the technical-engineering faculty, 17.04±5.19. The mean score of critical thinking in the Agriculture Faculty was lower than the Humanities faculty and higher than the Technical Faculty, 18.25±5.36. There was no significant difference between students of different fields in critical thinking, inference, and induction. However, there was a significant difference in analysis, evaluation, and induction components. Although younger students had more powerful analyses power and older students had more powerful inference power, there were no significant differences between the age groups of students in critical thinking. There were significant differences between men’s and women’s critical thinking, analysis, evaluation, and deduction skills. Women’s critical thinking, analysis, evaluation, and deduction skills were better than men’s. It is better to organize workshops on critical thinking skills for students (with priority for technical-engineering faculty) and ways to strengthen it for university professors.

The present study has studied the difficult experiences of primary school principals in Urmia with a qualitative approach. The method used was descriptive phenomenology. The researcher used thematic analysis method to analyze the data, thus identifying 88 difficult experiences of primary school principals and in the areas of students, parents, educators, school management, offices and educational districts, upstream and class decision makers. Were classified. In order to meet the objectives of the research, hierarchical analysis, Friedman test and t-test were used. The results showed that the student domain with a coefficient of 0.318 has the highest priority and the upstream domain with a coefficient of 0.078 has the lowest priority. Also, the index of "dependence of many projects on specific people and their silence after changing the position of the owner of the idea" was among the experiences with the highest priority and the index of "multiple circulars and plans for implementation at the school level" were among the experiences with the lowest priority. In this study, the status of all indicators except a few indicators such as lack of motivation and indifference of teachers to the education process were more favorable. At Last, the results and findings of this study emphasized the need to pay attention to the difficult experiences of school principals and efforts to address the challenges of school principals, as well as the importance of documenting and benefiting from the experiences of school principals.

One way to empower school principals to overcome the complexities of schools and make effective decisions to solve problems in a dynamic environment is to develop systemic thinking among school principals. The purpose of this research is to explain and evaluate the antecedents and consequences of systematic thinking of primary school principals. This research is a type of quantitative research. The statistical population of the study is primary school principals in East Azarbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Zanjan provinces. Using stratified random sampling, 385 items were selected and a questionnaire was completed. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated and confirmed as content validity and reliability with Cronbach's alpha. Research data analysis was performed from structural equation modeling in SMART PLS software. The results of structural equation modeling analysis indicate that the antecedents of organizational culture and environment, school principals' thinking direction, evaluation system and rules and regulations, management and decision making system, individual and participatory learning, role model and promotion of systems thinking, educational leadership and managerial experience It has a positive and significant effect on the systemic thinking of primary school principals. Systematic thinking also has a positive and significant effect on the consequences of improving organizational commitment, increasing stakeholder satisfaction, improving performance and productivity, improving expertise and skills, promoting cooperation and participation, creating peace and spirit, creating a learning organization, comprehensive and strategic solutions.

By implementing real and necessary skills derived from divine teachings, a peaceful life can be provided for anxious modern men. This study was conducted with the aim of rethinking the content of the life skills curriculum by Islamic education specialists for sixth grade students.

The current research is based on the use of a mixed method, including qualitative (conventional content analysis) and quantitative methods. The participants in the qualitative part were specialists in Islamic education, and the sample size was obtained through the snowball method with the participation of 17 people with the theoretical saturation of information. The second statistical population was comprised of 33 curriculum specialists who were selected through the Cochran formula. The opinion of the first group was received through a deep, semi-structured interview, and then the data was summarized and analyzed in three stages of coding. In the second group, information was gathered with a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software with the one-sample t method. The quantitative validity was obtained in the form of face validity, and the reliability coefficient was found using Cronbach's method. At the end, the relevant designed model was approved and validated by specialists.

A desirable model of Islamic life skills curriculum content with 18 main and central categories was obtained.

The content should be provided for every student based on all dimensions of human existence, the realities of the living environment (differences, cultural and religious conditions), in order to create and strengthen national unity, with the help of local and oral literature and in a practical way instead of merely non-functional theoretical skills and with a balanced view of this world and the hereafter, with an artistic and aesthetic approach.

The aim of this study was to structurally analyze organizational silence based on perceptions of political behaviors and organizational jealousy with the mediating role of job adjustment in Payame Noor University of West Azerbaijan Province. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive method of correlation is causal modeling (structural equation modeling). The statistical population of all staff (faculty and non-faculty) of Payame Noor University of West Azerbaijan Province in 1398 which includes 347 employees. And there are 164 faculty members, which is a total of 511 people. Relative stratified random sampling method that 350 people (216 employees and 138 faculty members) were selected using Morgan table. Four standard questionnaires were used to collect information. Content and structural validity of the questionnaires were confirmed and the reliability of the questionnaires was obtained 0.74 / 0.91 / 0.73 / 0.87, respectively, in order to evaluate the relationships between the latent variables and measured in the conceptual model, from structural modeling. Data were used using SPSS and PLS3 software. The results and findings of the study indicate a significant role between variables, ie between organizational jealousy and organizational silence, between perception of organizational political behavior and organizational silence, between adaptation and organizational silence and direct relationship and There is significance and organizational jealousy on job adjustment is negatively and directly related. The results also confirm the mediating role of job adjustment in the causal relationship between organizational jealousy and organizational silence.

This research was carried out with the aim of presenting an entrepreneurial university model for University of Tabriz.

The direction of the current research is applied with an inductive approach, of a qualitative type, with a content analysis strategy. Data collection was done in the form of in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The participants in this research have been purposefully selected including 14 elites in the field of entrepreneurship in the period of 2021-2022, the data collection tool was open-ended researcher questions, the validity and reliability of the tool was confirmed by the supervisors and advisors.
 

The findings of the inductive content analysis in this research showed that the entrepreneurial university model includes fourteen main factors that are classified into four general categories, which are:  a) factors of applying knowledge, including the main factors: 1 - recognizing the needs of the society and the market, 2- commercialization of science and knowledge, 3- maintaining the relationship between the university and the industry, 4- development of knowledge-based centers, b) human factors, including the main factors: 5- entrepreneurship training, 6- the existence of cooperative and capable faculty members, 7- promotion of organizational culture of entrepreneurship, c) administration factors, including the main factors: 8- entrepreneurial university administration, 9- structural reforms, 10- identifying and removing intra-organizational barriers to entrepreneurship, 11- financial and economic factors, 12- hardware development, d) environmental factors, including the main factors: 13- governmental factors, 14- obstacles outside the organization.

The elements and components of the conceptual framework and extractive model of this research have been obtained according to the conditions, cultural background, atmosphere and organizational culture of University of Tabriz to create an entrepreneurial university in University of Tabriz. Therefore, the current research can be used to transform University of Tabriz into an entrepreneurial university.

Due to the importance of descriptive evaluation in elementary school, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing and validating of academic achievement evaluation pattern in elementary schools multi-grade classes.

The present study in terms of time was cross-sectional, in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was university experts and managers primary education staff of country in 2021 year. The research sample was 15 people according to the theoretical saturation principle who after examining the inclusion criteria were selected by purposive sampling method. The research tool was a semi-structured interview and data were analyzed by coding method in MAXQDA software.

Findings showed that the academic achievement evaluation pattern in elementary schools multi-grade classes has 306 indicators and 41 components in 6 categories of goals and approaches (with 11 components such as comprehensive evaluation and its application to life, descriptive evaluation in all areas, descriptive evaluation qualification with reported structure change and process-based qualitative evaluation with structuralist approach), contextual (with 4 components of management equipment implementation of evaluation of multi-grade classes, rationalization of executive infrastructures with emphasis on reducing density in multi-grade classes, quality of teaching and teacher evaluation methods and culture and dissemination of descriptive evaluation factors), input (with 5 components of qualitative evaluation tools, paying attention to the educational expectations of multi-grade classes, performing descriptive evaluation in all teaching stages, adaptation of multi-grade curriculum with descriptive evaluation and coordination of weekly program with learning roadmap), process (with 13 components such as increasing confidence, calmness, satisfaction and self-esteem, reducing the anxiety of multi-level students, quality of criteria in the report card, variety of self-assessment and peer assessment and parenting assessment tools and emphasizing to group learning of multi-grade students), output (with 5 components of participatory decision making for basic promotion, quality of reporting and report card of student, validity, reliability and testability of multi-level descriptive evaluation, continuous learning with diverse feedback and multi-dimensional quality the descriptive evaluation with qualitative feedback) and outcome (with 3 components of annual analysis of the findings of descriptive evaluation, analysis of the findings of descriptive evaluation longitudinally and analysis of the consequences of descriptive evaluation). Also, the content validity ratio of 0.90 and the content validity index of 0.92 according to the experts' opinion indicated the appropriate validity of the academic achievement evaluation pattern in elementary schools multi-grade classes.

According to the results of this study, planning is necessary to the academic achievement evaluation pattern in elementary schools multi-grade classes.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the lived experiences of educational leaders from curriculum leadership. This research is based on a qualitative approach of the phenomenology type, the participants include experts and in other words, key experts in the field of curriculum leadership, who were purposefully interviewed by experts related to the subject, and the data reached theoretical saturation with 15 people. Interview texts were analyzed using Maxqda software and all data were coded. Validity of data was done by re-reviewing the coding process as well as several experts familiar with coding. Also, for reliability, the agreement coefficient between the coders was used, and the result of 3 interviews was 0.82. Coding method and MAXQDA software were used for data analysis. The results indicate that based on the findings and coding related to 15 interviews, 286 subcategories were counted, and finally, the mentioned subcategories were divided into 7 main categories: communication between parents and colleagues with the administration, use of information and communication technology, reflection of educational problems. existing and trying to solve them, paying attention to the theory of constructivism in curriculum leadership, modeling the successful teaching of teachers, gaining experience and growth, and changing and implementing curricula were classified as the lived experiences of educational leaders from curriculum leadership.

The aim of this research was to study the characteristics of the elements of the sixth grade primary school science curriculum based on the STEAM method. This study was conducted in the academic year 1399-1400 with a qualitative approach and the directed qualitative content analysis method. Sampling was done using the purposive sampling (standard) and the data was collected through semi-structured interview with 23 experts in the field of curriculum studies and sixth grade primary school teachers. The transcript of the interviews was analyzed manually and simultaneously, along with data collection. The dependability of the findings was obtained using immersion and repeated study and review of the participants and experts. Based on the elements of Akker's proposed curriculum, in this study, ten elements were studied. The results showed that the STEAM-based science education curriculum has removed the traditional barriers separating the five areas of learning. It has integrated these areas to achieve learning based on the objectives of the curriculum and it has relied on the principles of creativity and ideation.

The purpose of this research is structural modeling of transformational leadership relationships on the creation of a learning organization with the role of mediator of knowledge sharing in Azerbaijan Regional Electricity Company. In terms of purpose, this research is applied and in terms of the nature of the work method, it is descriptive-correlational and based on structural equation modeling. The target population in this study is all the employees of the Azerbaijan Regional Electricity Company, numbering 1307 people and at the level of three provinces (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan and Ardabil). The statistical sample was selected using Morgan's table with the number of 297 people using proportional stratified random sampling. The tools used in this research are the standard questionnaires of the learning organization dimensions of Watkins and Marsik (DLOQ) and multifactorial transformational leadership of Bass and Ovlivie (MLQ) and Dixon's knowledge sharing. Structural Equation Model (SEM) and AMOS software were used to analyze the data and test the research hypothesis. The results showed that transformational leadership has a significant effect on creating a learning organization with the role of mediating knowledge sharing; Therefore, the transformational leadership through the mediation of knowledge sharing will lead to facilitating and promoting the creation of a learning organization in the Azerbaijan Regional Electricity Company.

Competency-based curriculum is one of the new approaches in the field of education that can provide the basis for the growth of learners; Therefore, the main goal of the current research was to identify the requirements for implementing a competency-based curriculum for student teachers at Farhangian University in social studies.

This research, which is applied in terms of purpose and quantitative and qualitative (multi-method) in terms of method, quantitative descriptive survey method was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire and qualitative content analysis method was used to identify the requirements of curriculum implementation. The data collection techniques were a questionnaire designed to determine CVR and CVI content validity, which was sent to 11 professors of curriculum planning, sociology, and Farhangian University, and 30 items were approved; And after that, during face-to-face and telephone interviews, interviews were conducted with 9 professors of sociology, curriculum planning and professors of Farhangian University. Data analysis was analyzed using Max Kyoda qualitative data analysis software and coding method.

The findings showed that the requirements for the implementation of a competency-based curriculum in the social studies course include: requirements for student teachers to familiarize themselves with their role, emphasis on the central issue, attention to the role of scientific awareness, emphasis on active teaching methods, individual differences of learners, attention to Values and norms, effective interaction in learning, evaluation, development of various skills, attention to social issues, exploration, content of books and research are central.

The results of this research can be used for professors and curriculum planners of social studies course as well as professors and student teachers of Farhangian University.

The purpose of the research was to study the dimensions and components of descriptive qualitative evaluation in multi-grade classes of the primary period from a process point of view.

The research method was based on qualitative approach and data theory method of the foundation. The participants were academic progress evaluation specialists, educational science specialists, educational psychology specialists, in all universities of the country, and also included the staff managers of the Ministry of Education in primary education (with at least three works in the field of evaluation, teaching in multi-grade classes). Considering the nature of the subject, purposeful and theoretical sampling was used for sampling. According to the new approach used in this research, open, axial (theoretical) and selective coding were used for data analysis.

The findings from a process point of view showed that descriptive qualitative evaluation should provide confidence builder, comfort and satisfaction and self-esteem of students in multi-grade classes, in such a way that by using Khalifa and the method of observation with diagnosis and correction the answers will reduce the anxiety of multi-grade students.

The diversity of self-assessment tools, peer assessment and parent assessment and qualitative criteria and emphasis on group learning with emphasis on problem solving method and time management and strengthening self-management were among other process components.

The purpose of this study was to phenomenological study of the barriers and strategies presented in communicating with industry in work-knowledge curriculum. The methodology of this research was qualitative and phenomenological type. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 teachers of University and schools in Khoy town during 2019-2020 who were selected purposefully. Recorded interviews were recorded in written form and analyzed in a seven-stage Colaizzi method. An analysis showed the barriers for communicating with industry included 4 components: cultural and value problems, structural and communication problems, facilities and resource problems, Instructional and lesson Content problems, strategies for communicating with industry included three components: improvement of industrial skills instruction, improvement of organizational structure and communication schools and industry, improvement of schools' facilities and motivation of learners.