دکتر علی حاجیها

  Financial supply is one of the key factors for the growth and survival of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This research focuses on identifying and prioritizing the components of financial supply for SMEs. To achieve this, an artificial neural network (ANN) is used as an advanced method. The study consists of three main phases. Firstly, through a review of the literature on the subject, the components of financial supply for SMEs were identified. Then, by using surveys and gathering data from experts and managers of SMEs in Iran, the necessary data for training the neural network were collected. Finally, by analyzing the data using the neural network, the components of financial supply for SMEs were determined based on their priorities. The results showed that the most important components of financial supply for SMEs, in order of priority, are: investment, internal financial supply methods, and external financial supply. This research can help SME managers and decision-makers choose the best financial supply strategies for the growth and development of their businesses. Additionally, the results of this research can assist policymakers and economic planners in identifying and implementing appropriate support policies for SMEs.

The purpose of this research is to identify the determining factors of green product branding, a model for Iran's food industry. The research method is applicable in terms of purpose, and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of implementation method, and survey-exploratory in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part includes 15 managers of green brand food companies with master's and PhD educations in the field of management, agriculture and entrepreneurship, as well as professors of business management and environment at the university, who were selected for an interview by means of judgmental sampling. The statistical population in the quantitative part is the consumers of green products in the food industry; 384 people were selected using available sampling and answered the questions of the questionnaire. Interviews and questionnaires made by the researcher and taken from the qualitative section were used to collect information. In the qualitative section, the data obtained from the interviews were coded and analyzed in three main stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. In the quantitative section, SPSS software was used for analysis and PLS was used for structural equations. The results in the qualitative section showed that 214 open codes, 85 concepts and 26 subcategories were identified and extracted from the conducted interviews. The results in the quantitative part showed that the model has a suitable fit and can be used for branding green products in the country's food industry.

Financing has always been one of the main challenges of creating and developing start-up businesses and small economic industries. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to identify and present a model for financing small and medium industries with the approach of evaluation laboratory and decision test based on the process of interpretive structural modeling and Fuzzy Dimetal. This article deals with the design of different scenarios in the financing of small and medium enterprises. For this reason, taking into account the previous studies and the fuzzy screening method, a dynamic model has been developed to extract effective factors on the financing of small and medium enterprises and to specify the cause-effect circles. Then, using structural modeling technique and Fuzzy Demetall, relationships and levels between them, the amount of influential and influential coefficients have been determined and included in the model, finally, in order to test the accuracy of the model and determine the behavior of state and rate variables, we collected Information from 30 small and medium-sized enterprises has been requested to know the new methods of financing in a period of 12 months, which was evaluated by analyzing the behavior of the variables in the framework of the model, as well as the sensitivity analysis, and the validity of the designed dynamic model. The results showed that small and medium enterprises can benefit from the designed model and scenarios for optimal financing of their business.

Supply chain is the most important pillar of any company. Changing business environment conditions affect the supply chain of companies. The success of companies is the faster understanding of changes in business conditions more than competitors and making the necessary changes based on the conditions in the supply chain. Companies are now competing between their supply chains. This issue now has a prominent place among researchers in various fields of industry and a lot of research has been done in this field. Recent changes in environmental conditions and in particular the epidemic of Covid-19 disease, have created a wider scope for studying the field of environmental change in businesses and reviewing supply chain concepts and models to cope with change. The purpose of this study is to review the supply chain literature of recent years on the need to review supply chain models and concepts based on changes in business conditions.

This research is analytical. The research sources have been collected from the articles of the authoritative websites in this field, The total number of 469 sources belongs to the years 2017 to 2021, of which 419 are articles and the rest are books and conference papers.

It indicates that overcoming the changing environmental conditions of business is the use of concepts and integrated models of the supply chain. The synergistic effect of the features of the components of the composite model is to maximize the efficiency of the supply chain.

Due to the importance and position of the automobile industry in Iran, the main purpose of this research is to design an economic model of purchasing domestically produced goods with an emphasis on customer motivational categories. The present study was a qualitative study with 33 market experts, university professors and clients selected based on snowball sampling and based on open, axial and selective coding in 9 main categories. The validity of the data triangulation method and the peer review and reliability of the two transition codes have been investigated and the results indicate that causal conditions such as (looking at the external car as a social status) influence the motivation of buying domestic cars and strategies. Important for motivating customers to buy domestic cars (informing and influencing advertising on their customers' minds) and intervening conditions (international sanctions) affect these strategies and have consequences (development and economic growth).

Given the appropriate economic-geographical opportunities of the country and earning foreign currency from the medical tourism industry, the use of these opportunities requires a proper and futurist roadmap, in order to provide the necessary solutions to attract medical tourists.

The present study aims to provide a model for managing attract of medical tourism in the country, in order to take advantage of the future opportunities of this industry.

In this study, the strategy of Grounded theory and systematic design of Strauss/Corbin were used. Theoretical sampling was used to collect information, and to achieve theoretical saturation, 18 semi-structured interviews were conducted with specialist physicians and health tourism executives. For the validity and reliability, the research method was used by the members, participation, triangulation and retesting method. The key points of the interviews were analyzed during the three stages of open, axial and selective coding and Delphi method was used to prioritize them.

Factors affecting the attraction of health tourists in the country were extracted with 16 categories and 51 concepts. The priority of the constructive factors of the model was determined using Delphi method and the opinion of experts in 2 steps and converged with standard deviation less than 0.05.

The results showed that the four categories of planning, financial condition, quality of medical services, and technical and specialized forces are in the highest priority, respectively, and should be the focus of future plans of the country's tourism attraction management.

This research aimed to design a model for the acceptance of new health services based on the mixed-method exploratory analysis. In the qualitative part, the emerging design of grounded theory was used. The required data of qualitative part were obtained through 18 in-depth interviews with marketing professors and medical experts, and also 20 interviews with the customers of the Royan Institute’s Cord Blood Bank. The data were analyzed through open coding. To examine the validity of the qualitative part, the processes of member-checking, peer-checking, and triangulation were used and inter-coder reliability and test-retest were applied to measure its reliability. The final conceptual model was designed with 7 major categories (including the quality of services, the characteristics of services, perception of acceptors, individual factors, innovation features, reference groups, and sources of information), 22 subcategories, and 93 concepts. The findings obtained in the qualitative phase resulted in the development of 7 scientific propositions that were analyzed in the quantitative part. In the quantitative part, the researcher’s 93-item questionnaire was used in order to gather the data from 404 customers of the Royan Institute’s Cord Blood Bank through simple random sampling. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and Cronbach's alpha were used to measure the validity and reliability of this part. The data were tested using structural equation modeling. Measures of goodness of fit showed that the factor structure of the designed model was suited to the data and the model was confirmed.

Happiness is considered one of the most influential factors in organizations that increases positive emotions of the staff and will reduce productivity by reducing negative emotions. Faculty members are the most important human capital of universities and higher education institutes. Therefore, addressing the issue of happiness and its causes among faculty members is so important. The purpose of this study was to design a model of happiness for faculty members which uses the systematic structure of Strauss & Corbin's grounded theory. Deep interviews were conducted with 26 faculty members of Islamic Azad universities in Tehran as a key player in the field of organizational happiness and owners of works in this field were by using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed in three stages of coding (open, axial and selective) and the result was 17 general categories which took place in the form of a paradigmatic model consist including strategies for establishing the organizational happiness model (planning for creating organizational happiness), intervener environmental conditions (individual characteristics of professors and students), underlying features (Family, work, welfare, teaching and research, organizational culture and economic conditions), causal conditions (social relations, work environment, work equipment, incentive system and ethical behavior of the work environment), The main phenomenon (organizational happiness) and its consequences (Reputation of the university, increasing university efficiency and reducing burnout). This model reflected the operationalization process of organizational happiness model of faculty members among Islamic Azad University of Tehran branches and the relationships between their categories and their dimensions.

This study was conducted to identify the dimensions, components and indices of the talent management in the National Iranian South Oil Company. The study has been considered an applied research in terms of its purpose and in terms of data was qualitative and it has been done based on grounded theory in terms of the nature of the implementation. The statistical population of the study was experts of the oil field and university professors having academic and operational background related to the talent management, which was selected through the targeted sampling and by snowball method. Data collection was done through interview.  Content analysis and data encoding with Grounded theory approach has been used to analyze the data. In order to determine the internal validity of the findings, it was utilized interviews with the focal persons and techniques of obtaining theoretical saturation, using special coding procedures. In order to define the validity of the findings, it was utilized data collecting techniques from multiple sources, negative cases analysis, and flexibility of the method. The results showed that the talent management pattern of the NISOC has 5 dimensions (talent recruitment, training and development, retention, evaluation and excellence), 13 components and 83 indicators.

This paper reviews the differences between customer expectation and perception of service quality in car insurance claim payment units (collision and third party liability) in B and A insurance companies and compares the performance of each company using SERVQUAL model. The results indicate that there are significant differences between expectations and perceptions of clients in two companies. Results from the first hypothesis show that there are significant differences between customers of both companies in two aspects, i.e. reliability and responsiveness and the average customer waiting, in company B is more than company A. The result of second hypothesis indicate that there is no difference between customer perceptions in two companies in all five dimensions. The results of third hypothesis show that the gap between services in the B insurance company is more than A. In the other hand; A insurance company meets customer expectations more successfully.

information technology offers opportunities for creating new business by opening new markets up and introducing new products and services, but its acceptance encounters with many difficulties, specially by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). For example, a survey conducted by Verison found that 36% of small and medium enterprises established web sites primarily to advertise and promote their business, compared to 9% who established one to sell or market online. Similarly, in a survey of 444 SMEs during 2002, Pratt found that many SMEs were reluctant to conduct transactions online, more than 80% were only using the Internet to communicate (via e–mail) and gather business information. This means that top managers/owners of SMEs do not realize the strategic value of electronic commerce to their business or this means that they encounter significant barriers to implementing it. (Cyber Atlas, 2003) The research objective is determining the effective behavioral factors on decision making of acceptance the electronic commerce by managers of SMEs in Tehran that it’s using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The research focused on the behavioral intention and it doesn’t measure the actual behavior. The data collected from 226 persons of top managers/owners of SMEs in order to validating research models, then the models evaluated by Lisrel. The findings of the Davis’ Technology Acceptance Model presented a support to the theoretical links. Also the findings of the Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior presented a support to the theoretical links (with the exception of the effect of subjective norm on the behavioral intention to accept/use the electronic commerce).

Recognition and prioritization the target markets for special goods is must to establish the efficient marketing strategy. This will save investments of exporters who want to make a continued presence in markets. On the other hand in export programming field it can play a valuable leading rule for authorities to establish trade strategies and dual trade negotiations. This research as its title says “Identification and prioritizing of exporting target markets for high density polyethylene (HDPE)” have decided to prioritize the markets by their attractiveness via suitable indexes which are available and contains the expert’s view, resource demand, capabilities and objectives of Iranian petrochemical commercial company. In reality final destination of this research is that it maps correct movement of HDPE in target markets by observing objectives, resources and organization capabilities. The method used is that we gather the information statistics at the first, and then refine them by using import potential indexes and statistical techniques. we start up to recognize the most important indexes for evaluating market attractiveness by gathering the related industry expert view to prioritize target markets. Finally by using of this indexes and techniques of numerical taxonomy and factor analyzing and relying on given statistics and informations by international trade center, we prioritize the target markets of HDPE.
The result of this research shows that the markets which are better for exporting Iran HDPE after china and Hong Kong that are two evident markets for this product are Ukraine, Turkey, Spain, Malaysia, Greece, USA, Pakistan, Indonesia and Poland

During the recent decades, the significant role played by information has turned information management in organizations into a challenging subject. To improve this, various organizational solutions were proposed, one of the most prominent of which was enterprise resource planning (ERP). Utilizing enterprise resource planning systems in Iranian organizations is a necessity. Since enterprise resource planning systems are an importing technology, organizations should choose the most suitable option, from among various organizational solutions during a decision making process. Designing this process requires identification of effective factors and criteria in decision making. These are the factors and criteria which, when considered in decision making, cause the organization to act properly while responding to its needs and problems. Although there is a great need for paving the way to this decision making, little studies have been done in this regard in our country which has created a gap between Iranian organizations and enterprise resource planning systems. This article is prepared to fill this gap, to reduce decision making risks, and to encourage organizations to pass this doubtful path. To do this, two distinct questionnaires have been used to identify the effective factors and criteria in decision making for utilizing enterprise resource planning systems. The major experts and counselors in this field, who are developing this system, had their opinions used. The effective factors and criteria were then classified into technical and organizational perspectives. After specifying the priorities of the elements, creating harmony among the systems in order to elevate the informative trend of the organization in organizational view, matching and cooperating the software package of ERP with the organization processes were all identified as the most important elements of which the methods of applying the elements to decide the application of ERP is explained through presenting applied suggestion in this research.

For long assigning the right person to the right job has been out in management sciences. In this regard, studies conducted in various fields of human resources have proposed training as a suitable solution to match the two mentioned elements. However the definition of training requirements has paid less attention to the content of the job and the capacities of the employee while major organizational trainings have been prefabricated. This article proposes a mathematical model called qualification matrix which has been designed to evaluate the match between job and employee. First, the knowledge required for any job and evaluation of the knowledge the individuals possess, are determined, then the match between the two will be determined using the designed mathematical model. The results derived from this model not only make it possible to design a suitable training system to assign the right person to the right job, but using the same in other organizational systems such as determining the employees’ career, evaluating the performance, compensating for services, determining the qualifications to obtain the job, and other human resources systems of the organization, will also be possible. In designing this mathematical model, the linear assignment technique has been used and a case study has been conducted on a portion of information elicited from a company rendering after-sales services.