abbas abdollahi

Perianal surgery can cause a considerable amount of pain, which requires appropriable management. This study was performed with aim to evaluate the effect of local dexmedetomidine administration on postoperative pain in patients undergoing general anesthesia for perianal surgery. This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on patients undergoing general anesthesia for perianal surgery at Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, between June 2020 and June 2020. Patients were randomly allocated to dexmedetomidine (DEX) or control groups. All patients underwent the same process for anesthesia. The patients in the DEX Group received a local injection of 1.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine in 10ml of normal saline around the operation site at the end of the surgery and the control group did not receive any local injection. The primary outcome was post-operative pain scores in the first 24h after surgery. The DEX group exhibited significantly reduced pain scores at rest in 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after the surgery (p= 0.004, 0.010, 0.001, and 0.008, respectively). Furthermore, the pain scores in the DEX group were lower than the control group at the same time intervals after the operation (p=0.000, p=0.001, p=0.001, and p=0.015, respectively). The consumption of paracetamol and methadone was also significantly lower in the DEX group than in the control group at 3, 6, and 12 hours after surgery (p=0.010, p=0.003, and p=0.008, respectively).Implications for Practice: Local perianal administration of dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative pain scores and analgesic consumption in patients undergoing general anesthesia for perianal surgery.

The consumption of contaminated poultry meat is considered as a significant route of campy- lobacteriosis transmission. Lactic acid is a disinfectant agent with bactericidal effects on Campylobacter spp. The purpose of this study was to assess the low concentrations of lactic acid effect and different temperatures on the transcriptomic responses of Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) adhesion and virulence-associated genes including peb4, ciaB, cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC.

The samples were incubated at 10°C and 22°C for 48 h upon exposure to 30% and 60% lactic acid. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of lactic acid was also determined. Then, gene expression was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Lactic acid had lower MIC and MBC levels at lower temperature. The utilization of both levels of lactic acid signifi- cantly reduced the expression of peb4, ciaB, cdtB, and cdtC genes over 48 h of incubation at 22°C. However, no significant difference was found in the expression of the cdtA gene between 10 and 22°C at 30% lactic acid.

These results highlight the potential of low-concentration lactic acid in the downregulation of adhesion and virulence-associated genes as well as reduction of C. jejuni pathogenicity.

 The present study aimed to investigate the moderating role of interpersonal mindfulness in the relationship between social media use and marital satisfaction.

 This study was descriptive and correlational in terms of its objectives and the manner of data collection. The sample population consisted of married individuals who used social media and resided in Tehran, from whom 160 people were selected using a convenience sampling method. In this research, the Interpersonal Mindfulness Scale by Steven Puchter et al. (2018), the Social Networks Scale by Mojdeh et al. (2014), and the Marital Satisfaction Scale by Enrich were used. To evaluate the structural model of the study, the four-stage structural assessment model proposed by Hair et al. (2017) was utilized.

 The results indicated a significant positive correlation between interpersonal mindfulness and marital satisfaction, and a significant negative correlation between the extent of social media use and marital satisfaction (P = 0.05).

 Ultimately, the findings demonstrated that the moderating role of interpersonal mindfulness in the relationship between social media use and marital satisfaction is significant.

The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of compassion in the relationship between emotional intelligence and the psychological well-being of adolescent girls. The research method used was descriptive correlation using structural modeling. The statistical population included teenage girls from first to third grades (second secondary) of high schools in Melair City in the academic year of 2022-2023, and 452 people were selected as the sample size by the available sampling method. The research tools included   Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale (RSPWB) Riff (1989), Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (SEIS) Shot et al. (1998), and Compassion Questionnaire (CS) Nas and Sack (2020). Structural equation analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed the optimal fit of the research model. The results showed that emotion regulation (P=0.002) and emotion exploitation (P=0.005) as two components of emotional intelligence as well as compassion (P=0.05) have a significant direct effect on psychological well-being. However, emotional expression did not significantly affect psychological well-being (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that emotion regulation (P=0.04) has an important indirect effect on psychological well-being, but emotion exploitation and emotion expression did not show a significant indirect effect (P<0.05). These results show that compassion, considering the role of emotion regulation as a component of emotional intelligence, can explain the psychological well-being of adolescent girls.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the moderating role of self-compassion in relation between couple’s romantic perfectionism (self-centered and other-centered) with quality of marital life in the women. This study was of a descriptive-correlation type and the statistical population included married women of Tabriz city. 321 samples were selected using  a convenience sampling method and the link of the questionnaires was provided to them. The tools of this research included: Rees et al.'s self-compassion scale (2011), Abdollahi and Allen's (2022) romantic perfectionism scale (self-centered and other-centered), and Busby et al.'s (1995) marital quality measurement scale. . After entering the data into the computer, the data were analyzed using SPSS26 and PLS3 software using the structural equation modeling method. The results showed that self-compassion has a significant relationship with the quality of married life (P<0.001,β=0.384),on the other hand self-centered romantic perfectionism has a significant relationship with the quality of married life (P<0.001,β=0.361),also other-centered romantic perfectionism has a significant relationship with the quality of married life (P<0.001,β=-0.713). Self-compassion played a moderating role between self-oriented perfectionism and marital life quality, but it did not play a moderating role in relation to other-oriented perfectionism and marital life. According to these findings, the importance of getting to know the dimensions of romantic perfectionism and teaching the skills of self-compassion in pre-marriage and post-marriage counseling, both in preventing the decrease in the quality of marital life and in increasing the quality of marital life, doubles.

Different essential oils (EOs) with antibacterial activities are promising natural sources for providing novel disinfectant agents for hospital surfaces.

The component and antibacterial effects of six EOs, including Cuminum cyminum (CCEO), Artemisia sieberi (ASEO), Laurus nobilis (LNEO), Ferula gummosa (FGEO), Lippia citriodora (LCEO), and Cymbopogon citratus (CIEO) were assessed by GC-MS and 96-well micro-plates (IC50), against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Then, the antibacterial effects of FGEO, the most effective EO, were evaluated on the trolley surface in a hospital for 1, 3, 5 and 10 min intervals.

While CCEO, ASEO, and FGEO have the highest effects on the growth of S. aureus, CIEO and LNEO showed the best outcomes on P. aeruginosa. In addition, our finding showed that FGEO relatively decreases the growth of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa on the trolley surface (P<0.05).

The studied EOs could be novel encouraging agents to develop further green antimicrobial agents against different infections. In addition, FGEO, one of the best disinfectant agents in the present study, showed relatively strong antibacterial effects on the surface of the trolley.

One of the most appropriate methods for analyzing longitudinal data is multistate model. This study has aimed to evaluate the risk factors of transfer to local recurrence (LR), distant metastasis (DM), and death in rectal cancer patients through multistate survival analysis.

This is a retrospective cohort of rectal cancer patients in Mashhad, Iran. Multistate models were applied to show the difference between the significant risk factors affecting death and recurrence in different defined transitions. Risk factors include age, sex, primary surgical technique, tumor location, postoperative tumor stage, circumferential or distal resection involvement, surgery time, and surgical complications.

A total of 280 eligible patients with a median (interquartile range) survival time of 60 (42-76.2) months were investigated. Based on Cox proportional  ultistate model, the hazard ratio (HR) of DM increases by 3%/1?year increase in age (P = 0.018). The HR of DM and the HR of LR in patients with postoperative disease Stage II/III were 3.06 and 2.53 times higher than patients with cancer Stage 0/I (P < 0.05). When the resection margins of distal or circumferentialwere involved, the HR of DM was 3.58 times higher than those patients without involvement. In the extended multistate model, time of DM was a significant predictor of death (P = 0.006).

Age and margin involvement in DM path and stage in LR and DM path had a significant effect; however, no effective variable was seen on the death of patients with recurrence. The time of metastasis also had an effect on the path of death.

Aggressive angiomyxoma (AA) is a rare and slow-growing tumor in the pelvic and perineal regions that might develop into other perineal structures. It can present variably, ranging from a painless mass to non-specific symptoms such as dyspareunia. Due to the high relapse rate, extensive tumoral resection is reasonably required to prevent recurrences. It is also commonly confused with other conditions such as lipomas, Bartholin’s gland cysts, and hernias.

A 43-yr-old female diagnosed with AA 10 yr ago was evaluated as a consequence of the tumor recurrence. She presented rare manifestations of a giant and cystic pelvic mass involving pararectal and paravaginal tissue in front of the sacrum.

Although AA is a rare and slow-growing tumor, close observation is recommended due to the high relapse rate. Furthermore, extensive tumoral resection and regular follow-up can reduce morbidity in these patients.

The Ethical and Legal Issues Self-Efficacy in Counseling (ELICSES) has been developed to evaluate counselors' and psychologists' self-efficacy in ethical and legal issues. Psychometric properties of the ELICSES in Iranian counselors and psychologists remain a largely unexplored realm. The present study, therefore, seeks to translate the scale from English to Persian while also investigating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the ELICSES. Online sampling was utilized to collect data from four hundred and forty-seven counselors, psychologists, and trainees who participated in the study. Ethical and Legal Issues in the Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale and Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale were used in the study. The results of face (all items earned greater than 1.5 except one item (1.2)), content (overall CVI > 0.79, CVR > 0.62), and construct validity (CMIN=3.65, CFI=0.922, RMSE=0.45; also AVE> .5 and CR> .7) indicated that the ELICSES held appropriate validity and reliability. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirm the three factors of the ELICSES among Iranian counselors, psychologists, and trainees. These results suggested the validity and reliability of the ELICSES in evaluating self-efficacy when it comes to ethical and legal issues among Iranian counselors, psychologists, and trainees

Compassionate love for Humanity is a relatively new concept, and significant research has been conducted over the past two decades. Despite the practical importance of Compassionate Love for Humanity (CLS-H-SF), no studies have yet been conducted on adolescents. Therefore, the main purpose of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the CLS-H-SF Scale in adolescents, which would be useful in various usages, especially in academic-career counseling for high school students. The sample of 479 adolescent student volunteers completed an online survey that included the CLS-H-SF Scale, the Persian version of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Validity was evaluated through correlation of items with the total score and confirmatory factor analysis; reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha. The Compassionate Love for Humanity was positively correlated with positive affect, self-esteem, and life satisfaction and was negatively correlated with negative affect. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis supported a one-factor model, and the internal consistency was good. According to the overall findings, the Persian version of the Compassionate Love for Humanity in adolescents has appropriate psychometric properties and is a reliable, valid, and brief scale.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of body satisfaction on mental rumination and attitude towards cosmetic surgery. In order to achieve the goals of this research, the researchers selected 205 women from among all the patients who referred for cosmetic surgery to the hospitals of Qom using a simple sampling method, and to complete the questionnaires of attitude towards cosmetic surgery by Donald et al. (2018), rumination questionnaire. The thought of Hoeksma and Maro (1991) and Ten-Fisher test questionnaire (1970) were discussed. Amos software was used for data analysis. The results were obtained as follows: mental rumination and body satisfaction have a correlation coefficient of -0.43, mental rumination and attitude towards cosmetic surgery have a correlation coefficient of 0.49, and body satisfaction and attitude towards cosmetic surgery have a correlation coefficient of -0.37; This means that with the increase of mental rumination, body satisfaction decreases significantly and the desire to perform cosmetic surgery increases, and body satisfaction has an inverse and significant relationship with the attitude towards cosmetic surgery. The hypothesis of the current research was confirmed .

Of particular global concern is the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. All Persian versions of COVID-19 measures assess the intrapsychic aspects of it, and there is a crucial need to measure the intergroup aspects of this pandemic. The current study aims to validate the Persian version of COVID-19 attitudes and behaviors in the Iranian sample. The participants included 250 people from all over Iran in cyberspace who were selected availability (177 men and 73 women). They voluntarily participated in the study by filling out questionnaires that were made available through Google Forms and then disseminated online. The ACAB scale had satisfactory reliability and validity according to content, face, and construct validity tests except for the first subscale (social distancing adjustment). Consequently, confirmatory factor analysis supported the ACAB with 12-item and three subscales. Therefore, three subscales remained, including self-prioritization, prosocial behaviors, and belief in conspiracies, and social distancing adjustment was eliminated because the factor loading values of its items were less than 0.4. Results indicated that the ACAB is a reliable and helpful tool in research, especially for governmental surveys to understand why people do not cooperate in vaccination or prosocial behaviors.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between gratitude, apology, and marital intimacy by moderating the role of arrogance among women in Tehran province. The research utilized a descriptive correlation design. The statistical population consisted of all women aged 20 to 50 in Tehran province in 2022 that had been living together for at least one year. The sample of 308 women was selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through online questionnaires and measures including a Researcher-Made Apology Questionnaire, Authentic Pride and Hubristic Pride Scale (Tracy and Robbins, 2007), Gratitude Questionnaire developed (McCullough, Emmons & Tsang,2002), and Marital Intimacy Scale developed (Walker and Thompson,1983). SmartPLS-3 software was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that gratitude had a positive association with marital intimacy, whereas apology and arrogance had a negative association with marital intimacy. Furthermore, arrogance moderated the relationship between gratitude and marital intimacy, but did not moderate the relationship between apology and marital intimacy. Based on these results, mental health experts are recommended to organize educational workshops to increase couples' awareness of the aforementioned factors, which can enhance the level of marital intimacy and improve the general health of women in relationships.

Background and purpose in terms of practical purpose and in terms of simple random sampling, it is appropriate for the volume and collection of descriptive-surveillance data. The population includes all children from the first to the fifth grade in Rah Danesh Boys' Primary School with 350 students and Parvin Etisami Girls' Primary School with 370 students located in Sanandaj city, with a statistical sample of 250 students using Cochran's formula. The standard questionnaires of the use of virtual space by Lee et al. (2008) and the emotional well-being of Keyes and Magyarmo (2003) were distributed among the target samples and after collecting them, the data were analyzed using PLS software. The findings showed that 1- there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual space and emotional well-being, 2- gender plays a moderating role between the use of virtual space and well-being, and 3- the hours of using virtual space play a moderating role between the use of virtual space virtuality and emotional well-being. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the use of virtual space and emotional well-being, the moderating role of hours of use of virtual space and gender in children of Sanandaj city.

The benefits of laparoscopy versus open surgery for patients with rectal cancer have been well established. This study evaluates the role of re-laparoscopy in patients who develop complications following laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.

This is a retrospective case series of 22 (5.9%) re-laparoscopy cases of the 373 rectal cancer patients with rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic primary surgery at Omid, Ghaem, and Razavi hospitals in Mashhad, Iran, between July 2011 and December 2020.

Twenty-two (5.9%) eligible patients with a mean± SD age of 50.9±10.4 years were included in the study, of which 15(68.2%) were male and 7(31.6%) were female. After 22 laparoscopic primary surgery, anastomosis-fail/peritonitis was the most common complication requiring re-laparoscopy (n = 9, 40.9%). Other complications included obstruction (n = 8, 36.4%), bleeding (n =3, 13.6%), and intestinal injury (n = 2, 9.1%). The complications of all patients (n =22) who underwent re-laparoscopy were successfully managed by re-laparoscopy.

In the case of available facilities and the presence of an experienced surgeon in the medical center, re-laparoscopy for managing complications following laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery appears to be safe and effective in selected patients.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the mediating role of mental health in the relationship between mental fatigue and self-deception with the tendency to divorce. The method of descriptive-correlation research was Structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all the married students of Kerman City in the academic year 2019-2020, of which 300 people were selected by available and voluntary sampling. The research tools include the Tendency to Divorce Scale (TDS) by Roselet et al. (1986), the Marital Boredom Scale (CBM) by Paynes (1996), the Mental Health Scale (MHI-28) by Besharat (2008), and the Self-Deception Scale (SDQ-12) by Siront and colleagues (2019). Pearson's correlation test and Structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the model has a good fit and there is a significant relationship between self-deception, mental fatigue, and mental health with the tendency to divorce (P<0/05) and it was also found that mental fatigue and self-deception mediate the indirect effect of mental health. It has a negative and significant effect (P<0/01) on the tendency to divorce married students. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that self-deception and mental fatigue, directly and indirectly, affect the tendency to divorce in married students and play an essential role in the tendency to divorce.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between attachment styles and risky sexual behavior with the moderating variable of birth order and the experience of sexual abuse in childhood. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of the nature of implementation with correlational design. The statistical population in this research included all young men and women between 20 and 30 years of age with risky sexual behavior in Tehran, which was conducted between November 2017 and September 2018. Among them, 100 people who had experienced high-risk sexual behavior were selected through purposive sampling. The tools used in this research included a high-risk sexual behaviors questionnaire (RSBQ), Khakbaz et al. (2019), and an attachment style questionnaire (ASQ), Collins and Reed (1990). The collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression. The final results showed that there is a significant relationship between attachment styles and risky sexual behavior (P<0.05), However, the variable of birth order and the experience of sexual abuse during childhood does not have a moderating role in the relationship between attachment styles and risky sexual behavior (P>0.05). Also, there is a significant relationship between secure, avoidant, and ambivalent attachment styles with risky sexual behavior.

Micro-ribonucleic acids (microRNAs) have introduced a new field in the molecular diagnosis of cancer. However, the role of circulating microRNAs in the plasma/serum of colorectal cancer patients is still unclear. This study was conducted to determine the expression of let-7d microRNA in patients with colorectal cancer.

This case-control study was conducted on 40 patients with colorectal cancer and 40 healthy people. In this study, 7 mL blood samples were collected from patients with colorectal cancer (both before and after tumor resection) and healthy individuals (only once). The serum samples were isolated and stored at - 80°C until molecular analysis. MicroRNAs were extracted from serum samples, and cDNA was synthesized. Let-7d expression was examined using the RT-qPCR method. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism v. 9 software. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, sensitivity, and specificity were also calculated for the let-7d microRNA data to introduce a diagnostic biomarker between the preoperative patient group and the control group.

In the preoperative samples of the patients, the expression of let-7d microRNA was significantly lower than that of the control group (P˂0.05). The expression of let-7d microRNA significantly increased after tumor resection compared to before. The ROC analysis for let-7d microRNA in the preoperative patient group with the control group showed that the sensitivity was 33.3%, specificity was 92.3%, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.622.

Let-7d microRNA could potentially serve as a new noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for the early detection of colorectal cancer. However, further studies are required on this subject.

 Marriage and couple relationship are some of the most important transitions in human life. if the couple is provided with knowledge, attitude and skills of married life in the form of marital mental health literacy, their mental health is improved and the marital conflicts are reduced. The current research was conducted with the aim of conceptualizing marital mental health literacy and its components.

 The present study is a qualitative content analysis research, the information of which was obtained through purposeful sampling and semi-structured interviews that started from the end of November 1401 and continued until the end of December 1401, The research reached the saturation point with 17 married people. Data analysis was done using the approach of inductive content analysis. Transcribing the recorded interviews and deepening the data analysis, primary codes were extracted. In order to determine the main categories, the codes were reviewed and classified in several steps.

 From data analysis, 86 primary codes, 28 subcategories and 8 categories were extracted. These 8 categories included "Communication Literacy", "Emotional Literacy", "Sexual Relationship Literacy", "Media Literacy", "Financial Literacy", "Parenting Literacy", "Problem Solving Literacy" and "Primary Family Health Literacy". which were identified as the components of "couple mental health literacy".

 The findings of this research can be used in the development of educational programs and perspectives with the aim of improving marital satisfaction and couple counseling. Also, teaching these components to couples prevents serious conflicts and increases satisfaction in married life.

  In respect of diagnosis and therapy, generalized anxiety disorder is one of the most frequent anxiety disorders, as well as one of the most difficult and resistant. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is one of the most frequent therapies for this disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of paradoxical timetable treatment and cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating women with generalized anxiety disorder. In this study, the single-case experimental Was used used. The population of the present research included women with generalized anxiety disorder who referred to the Sadra Clinic and had an active case in the summer and autumn of 2021. Among these, three patients received paradoxical timetable therapy, and three patients received cognitive-behavioral therapy. The sample of this research selected through convenience sampling.Generalized anxiety disorder scale-7 items used for collecting data. Chart analysis, reliable change index, clinical significance and Improvement percentage of paradoxical time table was used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software. The results showed that both paradoxical timetable treatment and cognitive-behavioral therapy were effective in reducing the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Comparing the two treatment methods according to the obtained results and comparing the percentage of paradoxical timetable treatment subjects, the improvement rate for the three subjects in this method is 71%, 79% and 71% and the recovery percentage of cognitive-behavioral therapy subjects for the three subjects is 44%, 52% and 48%, also the percentage of total improvement in paradoxical timetable treatment in three patients is on average 74% and the percentage of total improvement in cognitive-behavioral therapy in three patients is 48%. According to the findings of the study, treatment of paradoxical timetable is an acceptable and quick method to decrease the symptoms of generalized anxiety, and can be used as a recommended treatment.

The current study purposed to evaluate the autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and platelet-rich fibrin glue (PRFG) effect on the treatment of complex, and recalcitrant anal fistula (AF) which was not cured by several surgeries.

AF has remained one of difficult challenges for centuries. Surgery is the common treatment method for it, but the risk of fecal incontinence and recurrence is still a distressing complication for patients and surgeons. New procedures were published in the scientific literature, each with advantages and disadvantages. According to reports, an effective therapy option is the autologous fibrin glue that is rich in platelets.

Autologous PRP and PRFG were prepared from 10 patients’ own blood. The surgeon curetted the tract of anal fistula for the deepithelialisation till hemorrhage occurred; PRP was injected around the fistula into the tissue, and PRFG was interpositioned in the tract. Age, number of previous surgeries, complications, number of PRP and PRFG administrations, and duration of halting the discharge were among the information gathered. Patients were followed up between 10 months to 84 months after treatment.

No complications were observed during and after the injection. During the period of follow-up, AF leakage was stopped for 6 patients, but not for 4 patients.

Since autologous PRP injection, and PRFG interposition is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive procedure for resistant AF to surgeries; it can be used, along with surgery to increase the healing rate of complex anal fistula.

This study aimed to develop a natural nanoemulsion with antibacterial and anticancer properties.

The chemical composition of the Origanum majorana essential oil was investigated using GC–MS analysis. Besides, the successful loading of the essential oil in the nanoemulsion was confirmed using ATR-FTIR analysis. Moreover, nanoemulsion’s anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities were investigated.

Terpinen-4-o1 (46.90%) was identified as the major compound in the essential oil. The nanoemulsion with a 149 ± 5 nm droplet size and zeta potential of -11 ± 1 mV was prepared. The cytotoxic effect of the nanoemulsion against A-375 human melanoma cells (IC50 = 139 µg/mL) showed significantly more potency than A-549 human lung cancer cells (IC50 = 318 µg/mL). Interestingly, growth of Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and E. coli (Gram-negative) bacteria after treatment with 4800 µg/mL of nanoemulsion were obtained at 12 ± 2 and 6 ± 1%, respectively. However, the IC50 value of nanoemulsion against E. coli (580 µg/mL) was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from S. aureus (611 µg/mL).

A straightforward preparation method, high stability, and multi-biological effects are the main advantages of the prepared nanoemulsion. Therefore it could be considered for further investigation in vivo studies or complementary medicine.

Place attachment is the emotional bond that a person forms with a place. This concept influences people's life experiences in three domains: emotional, cognitive, and behavioral. The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of the length of residence on the relationship between place attachment and mental health and social well-being in women living in Tehran. This was a descriptive-correlation study and the sample consisted of 241 women living in Tehran. They were selected by the convenience sampling method. The instruments used in this study were Safarinia's place attachment scale (2011), Besharat's mental health scale (2009), and Keys' social well-being scale (1998). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS v.20 and Smart PLS v.3 software. The results indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between place attachment and mental health, as well as between place attachment and social well-being. Although there was a positive and significant relationship between the length of residence and place attachment, the length of residence did not moderate the relationship between place attachment and mental health and social well-being. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that place attachment has a significant role in enhancing women's mental health and social well-being.

Marriage and marital satisfaction are two very important aspects in people's lives and many factors play a role in creating marital satisfaction.  Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the moderating role of gender and the mediation of marital intimacy in relation to people's attitudes towards love and marital satisfaction of married men and women in Sanghar city. The current study is of descriptive-correlation type and its statistical population is married men and women of Sanghar city, 224 samples participated in this research using available methods.  The data were collected using the Love Attitude Questionnaire (LAS) by Hendrick and Hendrick (1998), Marital Intimacy by Bagaroosi (2001) and Marital Satisfaction by Enrich, Olson (1989) and using the Structural Equation Modeling method, using SPSS20 and PLS3 was analyzed.  The analysis results showed that between the components of Eros (P = 0.48 and P < 0.001), Sturge (B = 0.19 and P < 0.001) and Agape (P = 0.23 and P < 0.001) There is a significant relationship with marital satisfaction, also, marital intimacy could play a partial mediating role for all three components of Eros (B = 0.76 and P <0.001), Storg (B = 0.37 and P < 0.001) and Agape (B = 0.32) and P <0.001)  and gender also played a moderating role between research variables. Therefore, taking into account the effect of the gender factor, couples with closeness =They are more capable in dealing with problems and ultimately gain more satisfaction.

Executive functions play an essential role in the cognitive and social development of individuals. In recent years, executive functions have been studied as one of the most important neuropsychological variables affecting the reform and development of teachers' professions and as a result, better academic and social performance of students. This study aimed at designing and validating an executive function training program for elementary school teachers. The qualitative research method was used for the design and development part. To validate the program, the face validity method and the content validity method with a panel of 10 experts were used. To calculate the content validity, two relative content validity coefficients (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) were used. The minimum and maximum CVR for each item or component of the program were calculated. They were 0.80 and 1, respectively. Also, the minimum and maximum CVI rates for each item or component of the program were 0.80 and 0.93, respectively. Finally, the average content validity index for the whole program was 0.85. The results showed that the executive functions training program for primary school teachers has  face and content validity and has the necessary validity for use in educational centers, in-service courses,  and for research, and extracurricular classes in schools.