ali akbar nasiri

 The ganglion impar block is a minimally invasive technique used for alleviating pain associated with coccydynia.

 This research evaluates the effectiveness of the ganglion impar block in treating patients with coccydynia who have not benefited from conservative treatments.

 This cross-sectional analysis reviewed the clinical records of coccydynia patients who received ganglion impar block injections at Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, Iran, between 2020 and 2022. Data regarding age, gender, body mass index (BMI), onset of pain, and levels of patient satisfaction post-treatment were gathered from the medical records.

 The study comprised 26 patients, with 4 (15.4%) being male and 22 (84.6%) female. The average age and BMI were 39.15 ± 14.24 years and 28.91 ± 2.14 kg/m2, respectively, which did not show significant variation (P = 0.19). The average Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score before the ganglion impar block was 6.23 ± 2.35, which reduced to 4.47 ± 2.41 immediately after the procedure. At the 1-month follow-up, the average VAS score had further decreased to 3.47 ± 0.79. The decrease in VAS scores, both immediately after the procedure and at the 1-month follow-up, was statistically significant. The success rate of the block (defined as a reduction in pain of at least 20% from the baseline) was significantly high immediately and one-month post-procedure (P < 0.001). Out of the 26 patients treated with the impar block, satisfaction rates were 42.3% excellent, 27% good, 19.2% fair, and 11.5% poor.

 The study endorses the trans-sacro-coccygeal “needle inside needle” method for providing relief to patients suffering from coccydynia. The findings revealed significant patient satisfaction, with the majority describing their experience as excellent.

Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is used to manage pain in patients undergoing laparotomy abdominal surgery. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided TAP block on postoperative pain and complications in patients undergoing laparotomy abdominal surgery.

In this randomized double-blinded prospective clinical trial, 64 patients undergoing laparotomy surgery were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups with 32 patients in each group. General anesthesia was induced in all patients. At the end of the surgery, a TAP block was performed under ultrasound guidance in the intervention group, and the control group received no intervention. The severity of pain was assessed 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours after surgery using visual analogue scale (VAS) criteria. Patients who scored their pain more than 4 on the VAS for pain relief received 25 mg of intravenous (IV) pethidine. Furthermore, potential complications, including nausea, vomiting, and dizziness were assessed and recorded in both groups.

Mean pain severity 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, and 18 hours after surgery was significantly lower in the TAP-block group than in the control group (P = 0.001). The mean dose of pethidine received in TAP block patients was 28.90 ± 19.16 and 60.93 ± 14.11 in the control group, which showed a significant difference (P = 0.001). Moreover, the mean time to the first dose of pethidine in patients in the TAP block group and the control group was 15.36 ± 3.56 and 8.43 ± 4.28 hours after surgery (P = 0.001). In addition, the incidence of nausea and vomiting was lower in the TAP group than in the control group.

Ultrasound-guided TAP block can control post-laparotomy pain and reduce opioid use during hospitalization.

Today, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become an integral part of citizens' lives, and a variety of programs and services such as smart city services, smart homes and smart cars are being offered on its platform. Response delays in real-time applications - based on the traditional cloud computing model - have introduced a relatively new concept of cloud computing to bring processing and storage resources closer to IoT sensors and operators. Limited resources in the fog layer have reduced its efficiency. In order to improve the performance of fog layer applications, this paper introduces a new model that uses resources in different layers dynamically. In this model, an intelligent fuzzy control system is used to determine the appropriate location for processing applications in one of the fog layers or the cloud layer or the layers between them. The simulation results show that this model has good performance and reduces the average response time of IoT services 5%

It is still unclear whether platelet count can predict the outcomes of acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we assessed the relationship between the initial platelet count on the degree of ST-segment depression and coronary flow rate among patients with MI who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

In this study, a total of 218 patients suffering from MI, who underwent primary PCI during 2016-2017 (Seyed-Shohada hospital, Urmia, Iran) were selected by consensus method. Demographic information and past medical history such as diabetes mellitus (DM), cigarette smoking, using Integrilin, and door-to-balloon (DTB) time were recorded. All patients were investigated in terms of cell blood count. Serial electrocardiogram (ECG) was also performed and the degree of ST-segment elevation was measured.

The mean (SD) age of participants was 58.67 (11.44) years. The initial platelet count was similar between patients with and without improvement in the ST-segment (P=0.275). There was no significant difference regarding thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) between patients with and without improved ST-segment (P=0.380).

According to our results, the initial platelet count in patients who underwent angioplasty was not associated with coronary flow and echocardiographic responses to treatment

Evidence indicates that the associations between coronary slow flow (CSF), cystatin C (Cys C), and body mass index (BMI) are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine the association among the above-mentioned parameters in female patients.

This was a descriptive-analytical study and the participants were those who were referred to the Shohada Cardiovascular Center of Urmia in 2015-2016. The participants were measured by a quantitative method under angiography (corrected TIMI frame count, CTFC) for CSF assessment, followed by evaluating physiological indices and the serum Cys C by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to analyze the correlations among CTFC, Cys C, and BMI, and a significance level of P < 0.05 was used for this test.

Sixty-six female patients (mean age: 57.01 ± 8.25 years) took part in this study. The correlations among Cys C with CTFC, and BMI (r = -0.189, P = 0.128 and r = 0.044, P = 0.724, respectively) and BMI with CTFC (r = -0.178, P = 0.153) were not meaningful in female patients’ who were candidates for angiography.

In general, the results suggested that serum Cys C cannot be considered as a predictive biomarker for the prognostic stratification of CSF and BMI in female patients aged 34-73 years who were candidates for angiography.

The concept of education and man are concomitant concepts. That is to say, wherever man begins to live, the issue of education came into being. The necessary role of education in human life is an inevitable and evident fact. The authors of the present article intend to explain the views of the two Iranian-Islamic philosophers, namely Suhrawardi and Mulla Sadra concerning the models of education. Philosophical anthropology in Suhrawardi’s philosophy enjoys an important place, and it is impossible to provide education without sufficient knowledge of man. Accordingly, in his view the first step is to attain self-knowledge. Subject gives meaning to any kind of knowledge that enters the mind. Thus knowledge is determined on the bases of certain internal intuitions and man is brought up through his rational faculty following which one can form certain pattern to contain his knowledge. Suhrawardi seeks to connect reason and gnosis so that in the light of which man can get proper education and attain the station of lordliness. But Mulla Sadra maintains that perceptual activity of the soul- directly or indirectly- begins through the senses. Soul by nature lacks any kind of knowledge. On the one hand, man can earn knowledge through confronting with objective and sensible things. On the other hand, by means of his faculty of imagination can attain the reality of the matters. It is provided that the faculty of imagination follows the right path in the light of the growth of reason and thought. Apart from his common ground with Suhrawardi, Mulla Sadra refers to his doctrine of the substantial motion according to which the soul can ascend from the lowest level to his highest substantial level. Suhrawardi’s intuitionism and Mulla Sadra’s belief in substantial motion of the soul constitutes the most important distinction between the views of these two great philosophers.

the issue of Names of God and their relationship with Him is of the complicated issues that obsessed Mutillah scholars. This complexity is doubled when mixed with the issue of Knowledge of God about Himself and the questions in this regard. The questions like: had God the knowledge about Himself before creation? What is the difference between the base of appearance and creation in Names of God? Muslim mystics like Ibn Arabi in order to answer these questions put the theory of Nesab Ilmiyah that says there is a bilateral Nesab and Izafah between Essence of God and Creation of His Names. But in Shia opinion each narration which is not from infallibles is not immune from mistakes and shortcoming and the narrations of infallibles are the only example of perfect mistake-less words. Therefore, in this study, first the opinion regarding Nesab Ilmiyah is explained and after that this theory is analyzed according narrations. This comparative study rejects this theory by contradiction which appear. Of the most significant contradictions we can mention difference of it with Bisatat and Unity of the essence of God.

In this research, grain size variation and grain distribution and the effect of different factors such as friction, tool rotational speed, linear velocity of the tool, cooling rate, tool geometry and tool penetration depth on the temperature change and grain size during the friction stir welding process of the aluminum alloy Al-2024 sheet with a thickness of 7.8 mm has been investigated. In order to simulate the model of finite element friction stir welding, the Deform 3D software has been used. The tool is a rigid body and a sheet is considered as a formable plastic material. In order to validate, a comparison between simulation data and experimental results was performed. The effect of effective factors on the temperature of the welding and the amount of grain size variation in the cross section of the weld line have been discussed. Among the variables studied, increasing the cooling rate and the linear velocity of the tool reduce the temperature and grain size, and increase the temperature and grain size with increasing other variables. The results show that with the method presented in this paper, precise prediction of the effect of variation of the variables affecting temperature and grain size can be obtained. In the following, these results can be used to determine the optimum conditions for the friction stir welding process

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the most common and unpleasant postoperative complication. It seems that fluid-therapy during the surgery is effective on the onset of this complication. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 30 and 10 ml/kg crystalloid infusion on PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia.

In this study, 146 patients who were randomly divided into two equal groups were evaluated. One group received 30 ml/kg and the other 10 ml/kg Ringer solution as a preoperative intravenous bolus. The incidence and intensity of PONV, and the need for a rescue antiemetic were recorded by anesthesiologist in recovery, and 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery.

The incidence of PONV was not significantly difference between the two groups. The intensity of vomiting in group 30 ml/kg was significantly lower 12 hours after surgery (P < 0.01). The antiemetic drugs were used significantly less in group 30 ml/kg than other group.

Preoperative intravenous administration of 30 ml/kg crystalloid compared with crystalloid 10 ml/kg in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy did not reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting, but reduced the intensity of vomiting 12 hours after surgery, and antiemetic use 24 hours after surgery.

Recourse means the person is closer to God by placing things in God. Many Muslims have defended the permission to appeal to prophets and divine parents both during their lifetime and after their lives and many aspects of resorting to it
The necessity and purpose of addressing this research is to familiarize oneself with the thoughts of some Dewandiyah scholars on resorting to the fact that they are endowed with a permit of resorting to them. Contrary to general theory, which indicates the lack of permission of the Imams to resort to Tawassul  Of course, some of the scholars of Ahlstān Tavassl may consider some of the affairs, but amongst each group of extremist individuals there is no mention of the many people who have been rude to everyone.
Now, we have a question about the Deo Bandia scholars, who do the Doomsday scholars think about the prophets, the parents, and the righteous? What is Ashraf Ali Tahaniwi and Khalil Ahmad Saharupouri as two Devoondieh scholars in relation to resort? The method of research is descriptive-analytical and content analysis, which is done with a library tool. The statistical scope of this research includes two of the Deobandiya sciences, namely Khalil Ahmad Saharupouri and Ashraf Ali Tahanvi. Content analysis is a method by which our message is systematically and accurately used to deduce scientific knowledge and allow researchers to achieve the same results from research.    The Deobendya is a stream that aims to liberate India from British colonialism and save Muslims and revive Islamic doctrines, representing a kind of verbal and philosophical thinking within the framework of Hanafi jurisprudence and the Word of Matrahdi. The clergymen of Deobendya do not think about resorting to the prophets and the parents, who have accepted some of them, some have been rejected, but some of them have allowed resorting to it. Here, we will comment on the views of two of them: Sheikh Khalil Ahmad Saharupouri and Ashrafi Tahani. These two individuals have accepted the principle of resorting and many of their forms and forms, such as resorting to the Prophet and the righteous, pleading from the person of the Prophet both during and after his life, the pilgrimage of the graves of the prophets and parents, the consecration, intercession and reverence of the graves. Some examples of Shrek in Deobendya include:First: the belief in the present and the observance of the mitt: that is, a person believes that divine parents can be present at any place in the universe, and regard each place and the meaning of the martyr, present, and meaningful meanings; and these two attributes are characteristic traits God is, and attributing them to non-God is Shirk and disbelief. (Heidari Nasab, 79: 1393) Second: Belief in the non-Allah's knowledge of the non-Allah (as) is considered to be polytheistic, because the use of the word of the unseen is considered by God and it is not permissible to use it for non-God. (Same, 84: 1393-85) In the end, we conclude that all the clergymen of Deobendya do not think about the use of prophets, parents, and righteous people, and in this regard they are divided into two categories, the vital one and the first one, and the first category is called "dead and alive", and the second group is called "dead" and Rejecting some of its kind and believing it to be true. One of the examples of Shirk is the following: the believer of the present and the body of the Mith, the belief in the unseen and not the occasional news for non-Allah, the request of a non-Allah who is in the domain of divine power, along with the belief in power Independent for that non-... Most of them have accepted their appeal and various aspects, including Khalil Ahmad Sahar-Panouri and Ashraf Ali Tahani, who believes in resorting to the Prophet and the righteous, pleading from the Prophet's life both during and after his life, the pilgrimage of the graves Prophets and parents, blessings, intercession, reverence for the graves and ...

Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to their critical conditions are at life-threatening situations, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is one of the most commonly used treatments in this area. Physicians and staff working in this section should be familiar with the basic and advanced life support. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with surgical and non-surgical diseases in ICU of Imam Khomeini hospital in Urmia City, Iran. In this cross-sectional study, the medical record of patients admitted to the ICU and underwent CPR during a 7-year period (2010-2016) were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, medicines used in the course of CPR, time of cardiopulmonary arrest, duration of CPR, and its outcome were extracted and analyzed. Findings: Of 6365 patients admitted to the ICU of Imam hospital in Urmia City, 728 (11.43%) had cardiac arrest and received CPR. Of 728 CPRs performed in the ICU, 117 cases (16.1%) were successful and 611 (83.9%) were unsuccessful. Out of 433 patients with non-surgical diseases, 52 (12%) had successful CPR, and out of 295 patients with surgical diseases, 65 (22%) had successful CPR (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between patients with non-surgical and surgical diseases in visible dysrhythmia (P = 0.001). The mean duration of CPR was 32.72 ± 9.90 and 33.02 ± 8.90 minutes in patients with non-surgical and surgical diseases, respectively (P = 0.600).

Cystatin C (Cys C) as a cysteine protease inhibitor is produced in a constant level from all nucleated cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between serum levels of Cys C and coronary slow flow (CSF) and body mass index (BMI) in men. This investigation is in the form of a descriptive-analytical study. The statistical population was all non-active male aged 34-73 years with CSF candidate for angiography referring to Seyedoshohada University Hospital, Urmia, Iran, from March 2015 to February 2017. After obtaining an inform consent, 74 male patients (mean age 54.77±9.00 years, height 1.74±0.12 cm, weight 73.13±6.85 kg, and BMI 26.98±3.83 kg/m2) were selected by convenience non-random sampling as the sample size (patients were eligible for diagnostic coronary artery angiography for the first time and referring to Seyedoshohada University Hospital in Urmia). Then all the patients were placed under angiography with one mobile angiography system. Patients were assessed for coronary blood flow with a quantitative method using corrected thrombolysis frame count in myocardial infarction (CTFC). All the patients with TFC larger than two standard deviation pre-published area for a specific vessel were counted as CSF. Demographic characteristics of age, height, weight, and BMI in male patients were measured by wall-meter with an accuracy of one millimeter, digital scale with precision of 100 g, and weight/hieght2 formula, respectively. The traditional risk factors including smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), high blood pressure (HBP), dyslipidemia, and family history were also assessed using a checklist. Serum levels of Cys C were measured by ELISA machine. The mean demographic and physiological variables of subjects were: age 54.77±9.00 yr, height 1.74±0.12 cm, weight 73.13±6.85 kg, and BMI 26.98±3.83 kg/m2. Also, the results of this study showed that there were no significant correlations between serum levels of Cys C with CSF and BMI in male patients’ candidate for angiography referring to Seyedoshohada University Hospital (P=0.871 and P=0.494, respectively). The results of this study suggest that serum levels of Cys C had no significant correlations with the CSF and BMI in male patients’ candidate for angiography aged 34-73 years.

creation and its process is of those complicated issues which have been obsessed elites’ minds. The complexity of it can increased when Ilm of God is considered as well. It will raise questions like did God have any knowledge about His creation before creating them? If we say no, we should accept a kind of ignorance in God. And if we say yes, a new question will be raised : how Does He know before creating things? in other words, what is the place of this knowledge in Ilm of God? Because, logically, we can not accept answer “no” and “yes” should be explained. Muslim Mystics and philosophers each one tried to explain this issue which the result of their attempt has been clarified in Ilm Ijmali in Ein Kashf Tafzili by Sadrul Motaalehin, Sovar Mortasameh Sheikh Raees ibn Sina, Ilm Huzori Ishraghi sheikh Ishragh Sohrevardi, Ayan Thabete believed to be for Sheikh Akbar ibn Arabi ; which are summarized in the present article. The theory of Ayan, though, has been scrutinized. According to Shia view points any word from non-infallibles can not be devoid of mistakes but the words of infallibles are immaculately truth. Therefore , the author of the present article tried to : 1. Clarifies the theory of Ayan Thabetah , 2. Explained it by traditions. The result of this review is to find some discripancies like Bada, Daa, Hodoth Alam. Creation without any prototype, Ilm bila Malom.

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major characteristics of infectious agents. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been introduced as novel antibacterial agents in accordance with the traditional treatments. Our purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) that are resistant to antibiotics.
During a cross-sectional study, we tried to evaluate 20 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from the urine cultures of patients admitted to the hospital due to urinary tract infections. The AgNPs were commercially purchased. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AgNPs in different concentrations was determined by the dilution in wells on bacteria. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa was evaluated by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion standard.
Current study indicated that P. aeruginosa were resistant to four types of agents including ampicillin (85%), nitrofurantoin (65%), nalidixic acid (65%), and ciprofloxacin (15%) and result of nanosilver indicated that the most MIC was 100 ppm concentration, and six strains of P. aeruginosa were inhibited by it.
Our study presented a new type of silver nanoparticle and indicated that they can be embedded in bone cement to prevent infections once synthetic conditions are tailored for such applications.

According to Shikh-e- Mufid, knowledge has propositional and assertoric form obtained either from sense and observation; in this case, knowledge is self-evident or it achieved from rational argument and repeated news, then, it is acquisitive knowledge or Ilm- e- Kasbi, in his view, God cannot be seen in anyway, knowing him, is accessible only through rational argument and frequently news. It includes the belief in accordance with reality and with the assurance, based on rational argument, repeated news and responder of opposition's questions. According to Allameh Tabataba’i, this meaning of knowledge is not rejected, but it isn’t the complete one of knowledge. The real and complete knowledge is an intuitive and direct knowledge such as consciousness toward own nature and states. May God grant the intuitive and presence knowledge to him with rational thinking and reflecting on the verses and traditions and cultivate practical reason and purification of the soul. Accordingly, Allameh, unlike Sheikh -e- Mufid, in the interpretation of verses from the Quran related to the vision and meeting the Lord, speaks of the kind of observing God which is a presence and self-evident knowledge. This kind of knowledge is confirmed by tradition of prophet's household (A.S) too.

Ibn Arabi is the founder of the Theory of Unity of Existence. Some of these people advocated Ibn Arabi and others opposed him. In this study, it has been attempted to address the different meanings of Existence and Unity. Ibn Arabi believes that existence belongs only to God and there is no existence except Him. It means that the God is existent in the universe and other things are not. The commentators of the Theory of Unity of Existence, then, explained its epistemological aspects.
Upanishads apparently emphasized a consistent principle, which is beings, entirely, material or spiritual, are overwhelmed by the reality sea, which is superior to tangible world, possesses infinite nature and is self-existent. Thus, although Upanishads clearly mentioned the Unity of Existence and in this matter it is similar to Ibn Arabi’s view, there is a clear distinction between the two of them. Ibn Arabi believes that there is no existence except God and the existence of the universe besides God is nothing but an imagery matter. In contrast, Upanishads consider the world as an existing really which is the manifestation of God. In the matter of the Absolute and the Conditional, Upanishads believe that the Absolute was the first, who is the One and only and has no equals. In spite of Upanishads, Ibn Arabi declared that the only absolute and non-conditional existence is God whose existence is necessary by its nature.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional disease of gasterointestinal system with nonspecific symptoms such as recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort associated with change in bowel habits (constipation¡ diarrhea or alternating periods of both) without any pathology in organs. According to previous studies prevalence of IBS varies among students.
The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of IBS among medical students of Zabol University of Medical Sciences based on their educational status.
Materials and The study was performed on 106 students of the Medical University of Zabol in 1392 and samples were evaluated by questionnaire ROME III criteria and results were analyzed using SPSS21 software.
Of 106 cases 58.49% (62 cases) were male and 41.51% (44) were female. The mean age of students was 22.16 ± 0.04. The prevalence of IBS in students was 13.2%. Among them 54 cases were students in basic section period and 52 cases were students of advance section and the prevalence of the disease were 9.2% and 71.7%; respectively (P > 0.05). Non-native students had more prevalence of IBS (22.4%) than native students (5.2%) (P The prevalence of IBS was higher in our study comparing previous studies performed in Iran especially in non-native students. Further studies need to be performed longitudinally with larger sample to assess the exact prevalence and its related factors among student of different medical fields.

Plantago psyllium isone of the most widely used medicinal plants in Northern Europe¡ North Africa and South Asia.Salmonella typhimuriumis a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and the common causes of digestive tract infections.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Plantago psyllium on Salmonella typhimurium;due to increasing drug resistance.
Plantago psylliumwas collected from Sistan and Baluchistan provinceVacuum device (rotary)was usedfor extraction of maceration mwthod. Strains of Salmonella typhimuriumwere isolated from poultry in Zabol. The MIC and MBC for Plantago psylliumextract was determined in different concentrations by dilution method in the wells on bacteria andSusceptibility to ampicillin and penicillin antibiotics was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
The results showed that maximum MIC for psyllium extract on Salmonella typhimurium was 10 mg/ml and ten strains was inhibited in this concentration and in the one strain of Salmonella typhimuriumno growth was observed; while minimum MIC for the pathogen was 5mg/ml and only one strain was inhibited in this concentration. The highest Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against Salmonella typhimurium was 20 mg/ml in ten strains; while the lowest MBC was 10mg/ml in one strain.
It was found thatantimicrobial effect of psyllium extract on Salmonella typhimurium is high and similar research in this field could be done to find alternatives for synthetic compounds.

Two important areas of life are job and family. Marital satisfaction as an indicator of the quality of the relationships between couples¡ can be achieved only when there is compatibility between the current status of the individual in marital relationship with the expected status. Work-family conflict described as incompatibility between work and family roles. This type of conflict is stronger for clinical staff with shift work in hospitals. Therefore¡ this study aimed to investigate the relationship between work - family conflict and marital satisfaction among clinical staff in hospitals.
The samples of this study were all clinical staff in hospitals of Zabol University of Medical Sciences¡ who were selected by census method. To examine samples¡ Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire and Carlson work-family conflict questionnaire were used. Once the questionnaires completed¡ they collected and data were analyzed using SPSS 18 with a significant level (P The findings showed that there is a significant negative correlation among marital satisfaction and work-family conflict of employees (P = 0.03¡ r = 0.11). In fact¡ marital satisfaction decreases when the conflict between work and family increased. Also¡ the results showed that the clinical staff with an average of 166/83 marital satisfaction have middle satisfaction and who with an average of 3/31 work-family conflict experience middle conflict.
The results showed that marital satisfaction decreases with the increasing of job and family conflicts. The results can be used by policymakers and managers to take steps to reduce job stress and enhance the life skills of clinical staff

When speaking of God, man uses the words referring to His attributes. To perceive the statements containing Divine attributes well, some analytical study should be performed. Divine names and attributes are to be known as signs for calling Him by His servants, however, with different meanings than their meanings when used in the level of human states and life. When using these names and attributes, man does not intend to qualify God by them but to keep Him pure from them. Since, all names and attributes have been created by God and differ from His Essence. He, therefore, has introduced His names and attributes in many verses of the holy Quran to make us aware of Him to the degrees possible

Considering the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to common antimicrobial agents، researchers seek alternative antimicrobial agents of plant origin. Zataria multiflora Boiss of the Lamiaceae family has antimicrobial effects. The present study was carried out to determine the antibacterial effects of the hydroalcolic extracts of Zataria multiflora boiss against Pseudomonas areuginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains، resistant to different antibiotics. The extracts of Zataria multiflora Boiss were obtained، using a rotary machine. In total، 11 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and 9 Staphylococcus aureus strains were obtained from the urinary tract infection of patients، referring to a hospital in Zabol city، Iran. Afterwards، the antibiotic resistance، Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)، and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of plant extracts on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined، using dilution plate method. The results indicated that the effects of the extracts were insignificant at lower concentrations. The extracts at a concentration of 10 mg/ml had the most significant inhibitory effect against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. On the other hand، the extracts at a concentration of 10 mg/ml showed the most significant cytotoxic effect. As the results indicated، the extracts have antibacterial effects at high concentrations. Therefore، these compounds can be applied for medical treatments.

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder with a high prevalence among the staff of Intensive Care Units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression among nurses working in ICUs and operating rooms (ORs) of training hospitals in Ilam city. In this cross-sectional study, 60 nurses working in the ICUs and ORs of Ilam hospitals were selected via census sampling in 2013. Data were collected using standard Beck Depression Inventory. This scale consists of 21 questions, with the scores ranging between 0 and 63. Parametric and non-parametric tests were performed using SPSS version 16. The mean age of nurses was 31.86±8.35 years. More than half of participants were male (52.1%) and 50% were married. In total, 10.4% of subjects smoked and 29.2% exercised regularly. The mean depression score was 33.6±8.0, and 20.3% of subjects suffered from severe depression. Prevalence of depression was higher among women, singles, smokers, physically inactive individuals, and anesthesia personnel, although the difference was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Moreover, increased age was insignificantly correlated with decreased depression score. The prevalence of depression among participants in this study was significantly higher than that reported in other studies. Therefore, reducing nurses’ working hours and holding educational and counseling courses for improving their lifestyle are recommended.

Background and Development of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria motivates attempts to search for newer antimicrobial agents. In this research study, antibacterial effect of plant extract of M. communis, z.multiflora and Allium sativum on biofilm formation by strains of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to the antibiotic were investigated. Methods and Materials: 17 samples were separated from nose and throat of hospital and non-hospital personnels. The effect of extracts on biofilm formation by S.aureus and its resistant respect to the antibiotic were determined using a microplate96. Effect of antibacterial extracts used at different concentrations showed that, despite the relative resistance of most strains at concentrations used, the maximum sensitivity was at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/ml of extracts and concentration of 10 mg/ml of the extract was considered as MBC. Bacterial growth was observed only at 24 hours and no biofilm was observed at any of the extracts. Results showed that plant extracts can reduce biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and, therefore, they can play an important role in reducing disease.

Pain management after cardiac surgery has been based on parenteral long-acting opioids such as morphine. The other alternatives are paracetamol and remifentanil.. In this prospective, double-blind, randomized study, we compared the efficacy of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) paracetamol and remifentanil for post cardiac surgery pain relief.. One-hundred patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting from May to October 2011, were randomized into two groups after the surgery. For the first group (group R, n = 50, with mean age of 58.16 ± 11.80), the IV-PCA protocol was remifentanil infusion 100 μg/h; bolus of 25 μg and lockout time of 15 minutes. In the second group (group P, n = 50, with mean age of 53.8 ± 15.08), patients received paracetamol 15 mg/kg as a bolus at the end of surgery and then IV-PCA protocol was 100 μg/h, bolus of 25 μg; and lockout time of 15 minutes. Pain was assessed with visual analog scale score (VAS) in the first 24 hours after surgery for seven times.. The trend of pain scores did not have any significantly difference between group R and group P except for hour 8 and hour 18 after surgery that VAS was significantly lower in group P than group R (P = 0.031, P = 0.023, respectively). Respiratory rate (RR) was also statistically lower in group R comparing to group P in all seven evaluating times. The groups were similar in terms of hemodynamic, ABG results (except for PaO2, which was significantly lower in group R than group P at 6 evaluating times), intubation time, renal function tests, and incidences of atelectasis, myocardial infarction or adverse effects.. Both PCA techniques provided effective pain scores (< 3) after cardiac surgery; but generally, PCA-paracetamol infusion has a better analgesic effect..