فهرست مطالب alireza bandarabad

The diversity of the urban space is one of the basic factors in the contemporary urban design system, which is caused by the social, biological, and economic benefits, etc. it has been widely welcomed by modern urban models. However, Iran’s urban planning and design system has not received enough attention, and such a weakness reduces the livability level of urban collective areas from the micro to the macro level. Since different dimensions have not been properly analyzed in the studies of the urban system of Iran, therefore, the present research aims to analyze and find the roots of the concept of diversity in the framework of Richard Sennett’s the open city theory. The research method of this research is presented in the form of visual approaches and placement of each component and sub-component in all three types of tissue (intermediate tissue, new tissue and old tissue) in the study areas and in the quantitative part, the evaluation of the questionnaire based on the opinions of the experts is discussed, in this section, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is used to evaluate and rank the three ranges based on Friedman’s tradition theory. The statistical population of this research is all professors who have opinions in this field and the sampling method is snowball. The reason for using Richard Sennett’s theory is that he is trying to link between function and body with social issues in the diversity system of urban space, and Khayyam area is the example of this research. The obtained results show that according to the opinions obtained, the northern Khayyam area of Qazvin has the most diversity according to the tradition theory and Khayyam in the middle has less diversity due to the repetition of certain types of uses and the attraction of certain strata, finally, Khayyam in the South has the lowest amount of diversity due to the presence of administrative and medical centers and the loss of living space at certain times.

In encountering the environment, sensory perception is an innate precursor in constructing meaning, with climatic parameters being among its most crucial elements. Iranian traditional architecture, especially bazaar architecture, embodies a visual and sensory type of architecture that engages all human sensory stimuli through a process of sensory awareness and understanding, remarkably influencing the audience under the environment's impact. Typically, historical bazaar architecture in Iran is designed and constructed considering the regulation of environmental conditions. Particularly, incorporating compatible designs and utilizing indigenous materials against local climatic indicators can enhance sensory perception as a vital element in human-environment interaction and a prominent characteristic of this vernacular architecture. Iranian historical bazaar architecture draws inspiration from its people's history and culture and now serves as a multidimensional representation of this culture. This research aims to investigate the relationship between sensory perception and climatic parameters as a human experience of the environment in Iranian historical bazaar architecture, aiming to evaluate the connection between environmental features and individuals' sensory experience in these spaces, providing a better understanding of the impact of location's climatic conditions on users' experience in Iranian historical bazaar architecture. The current study employs a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods, with the main research framework being descriptive-analytical. Moreover, data collection is conducted through documentary studies from library sources and fieldwork using questionnaire surveys and analysis using a combined model of "DEMATEL" and "ANP", along with software such as "SPSS", and "SUPER DECISIONS." The research findings indicate that variables such as "creating connections," "forms", "creating diversity in customer experience" and "access routes", are among the most prominent variables interacting with interpretations in Iranian historical bazaar architecture. The final research result also suggests four variables: "access routes," "ease of movement", "interactive spaces", and "navigable architecture (Iranian)", in presenting variables of "paths and ways", focusing on interaction with interpretations of Iranian historical bazaar architecture due to sensory perception and climatic parameters. Thus, sensory perception in Iranian historical bazaar architecture is the result of the mutual influence and interaction between climatic parameters, shaping the psychological experience of the environment.

Sense of place is a vital social-urban concept fostering a unique, bidirectional relationship between humans and their environment. Perception, a mental process, imbues sensory experiences with meaning, helping humans comprehend relationships and object meanings. This study focuses on the sensory perception process in the Tabriz historical Bazaar community, aiming to explore the role of sensory components in promoting the sense of place. The research, an applied type, utilizes a survey method with a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The methodology involves collecting library information and using existing documents for theoretical studies. Field studies employ questionnaire, observation, and focus on environmental information. The case study centers on the Tabriz historical Bazaar community, with the statistical population comprising Bazaar users selected through random sampling in January 2022. Results indicate that sensory perception components significantly affect the sense of place in the Tabriz historical Bazaar. Notably, chemical sense, sense of hearing, and body sense exhibit the highest correlation with the overall sense of place in this vibrant community.

Currently, one of the main problems of cities is the emptying of the spirit of life in them and in their urban spaces. For this reason, providing vitality and urban vitality has become one of the main concerns of urban management systems. Today, in developed countries, attention to the presence of people in urban spaces plays a key role in the design and planning of cities, and the important key to achieving sustainable, successful and lively cities is to pay attention to the role of people and their needs. In modern urban development, what should be placed at the top of all planning and design matters is to provide a humane and dignified environment for the presence of citizens. Managers and urban planners all over the world are trying to face urban problems and problems with an integrated look at all dimensions in cities, provide different approaches for the development of today's cities in order to respond to the new demands and expectations of the present age. One of the new approaches and concepts in today's urban planning is the smart city and the use of new information and communication technologies (ICT). A city that is 24 hours a day and the affairs of the city are going on in it all day and night. A smart city is a citizen-centered city in which information and communication technology (ICT) is used for better efficiency of existing resources and facilities, improving the quality of life of citizens and moving towards sustainable urban development. The process of this research, based on the descriptive-analytical method and with the help of library tools, examines the opinions related to the smart city, its dimensions and indicators. The results of this research show that the use of modern information and communication technologies in the urban spaces of the smart city can play a significant role for the presence and interactions of citizens, and as a result, the vitality of urban spaces. The urban space where vitality indicators are placed in the dimensions of a smart city and in addition to complying with the principles of a smart city, it includes the promotion of vitality in urban spaces.

In today’s world where the indigenous architecture has faded and the urban fabrics have taken a different modern form, the subject of livability focuses on quality of life, sustainability, quality of place and healthy community.

The purpose of this study is to identify the components and achieve solutions to improve the livability with respect to the structural elements of indigenous housing.This article examines the native buildings of Amlash city, as valuable examples in Guilan province. The research question is:What effect do the indigenous housing elements have on livability? What features can enhance the livability of contemporary housing?

The native architecture Amlash city has been studied and its impact on livability with descriptive-analytical method. The content framework of the research is based on Rapaport's views on the influence of the architectural form of culture.

In the studies, the objective and subjective characteristics of livability have been discussed.Findings show that the livability of indigenous housing is affected by elements and spaces of this architecture,which is evident in case studies.According to the results of this study, we can point to the characteristics of livability observed in the architecture of houses in Amlash, including the compatibility of the physical structure of the house with the surrounding environment, providing comfort and convenience, sense of place and identity, residents' satisfaction, and quality of life that generally emphasizes on the mental characteristics.

According to the results of this study, the qualitative characteristics of the livability of indigenous housing have been proposed for contemporary housing by providing some measures to achieve appropriate quality.Highlight: Vitality in addressing the challenges facing citizens means a prosperous, vibrant and responsive future that provides the right quality of life.This requires the achievement of three goals: vibrant communities, a dynamic economy, and a sustainable environment

Today, the effects of the environment have been proven as one of the most important factors of mental health and human behavior patterns, as well as the effect of nature and green space on reducing stress and daily mental pressures and improving mental health. Researchers believe that nature and green space can be effective in reducing stress and daily mental pressures and improving mental health, and with the ability to deal with anxiety, it can improve mental health. The main goal of this research is to use healing components in the design of landscapes and urban environments and equip these landscapes with healing qualities and provide appropriate solutions to create healing urban landscapes. Considering the current period of time and the existence of social crises and the chaotic economic situation of the society, and the mental injuries caused by it, conducting this research is necessary. This research, which was conducted in order to analyze the related concepts and indicators in Paknejad Boulevard in Tehran, is in the field of applied research in terms of its purpose and scope. In terms of the descriptive-analytical research method and content analysis, it is of a mixed type with a qualitative tendency. First, some important indicators were extracted with library studies, and then field studies such as behavioral mapping were conducted using research tools. Then, using the healing components extracted from the study of related sources, a questionnaire was prepared. To check the validity, the questionnaire was randomly distributed to the users. The answers were analyzed with SPSS statistical analysis software and the data output was presented in the form of graphs and tables. The results of this research show that the effective healing indicators in the design of urban landscapes include things such as the presence of water, interaction with nature, stimulation of the senses, environmental peace, a sense of security in the space, colors, pleasant smells and pleasant sounds. Finally, strategic actions and appropriate solutions were presented by analyzing the concepts and effective healing indicators that are considered vital for designing a healing urban landscape.

The qualitative method used in the current research is behavioral observation method, a new approach in environmental design and analysis of public realms and a method to understand the interrelationship between people and space. The main goal of this research is to evaluate and analyze the activity and behavioral patterns of Zanjan city sidewalks using the behavioral observation method, or in other words, the conditions that spatial variations cause the formation of specific behavioral patterns in public areas. In this regard, it is proposed to receive the main components in the environment in improving the body and then the behavior in the collective territories of Zanjan city. The main question of the current research is what behavior patterns are ruling the space in the studied area according to diversity and to what extent environmental factors have been able to provide the satisfaction of the users of the space? For this purpose, the application of this method in the example of Zanjan pedestrian street, which was the starting point of the main historical-commercial axes of the city, and which is currently degraded and transformed due to some reasons, is analyzed. The current research is of an applied type and is carried out using a survey method, and during it, the analysis of the environment and the behavioral patterns of the users are observed and the physical components are examined and analyzed.

Today, with the rapid expansion of urbanization in the world and the need to pay attention to the performance of the management of these urban systems, the study of urban life and the methods of its residents' access to citizenship rights and their equal enjoyment of these rights becomes very important. City dwellers in general have citizenship rights, and in particular they have urban rights, which urban health as one of the important factors in human life, is considered a part of these rights, which the present study by checking the situation of Urmia city from the point of view of the level of achievement To spatial justice in the field of urban health indicators, it tries to measure the status of the right approach to the city in the study environment. The methods of information gathering are based on library-documentary data and methods of observation, interview and field verification of the study environment based on the level of distribution of functions in the field of urban health. According to the findings, the city of Urmia has not acted in a fair manner in terms of the distribution of functions and health-treatment services in accordance with the approach of the right to the city, in the planning and allocation of space, which requires the attention and emphasis of the planners and It attracts managers as well as subordinate institutions and organizations in the field of creation and development of urban functions and activities to achieve the desired quality of urban life and, accordingly, the level of well-being and public comfort and satisfaction. Citizens should be provided.

In the latter half of the 20th century, it was recognized that good urban spaces must provide opportunities for social interaction and communication. This was deemed essential for the survival of cities. However, the advent of social media and mobile communication has gradually shifted the focus away from physical presence and towards the content and nature of cities. Information and communication technologies have become pervasive in human life, yet their impact on human presence and behavior in urban spaces is often overlooked. The introduction of connected users has redefined the concept of urban spaces in the age of technology, resulting in significant changes in interactive, cognitive, and spatial behaviors.

This study utilizes the qualitative content analysis method and coding technique in ATLAS.it software to explore the shifts in user behavior within Tehran's 6 and 12 districts. Specifically, the focus is on changes in relationships and interactive patterns.

The research based on behavioral maps shows that users' interaction behavior has shifted from direct and active communication to indirect and two-way communication. This change is more focused on the media, attention, and perception of the surrounding space and communication with others. As a result, the nature of public spaces has moved from traditional landmarks to temporal domains. This blurs the connection between the user and the space, causing the connected user to be moved from the center of the space to the margin. In an interactive approach, the user's focal role in space is weakened.

The research shows that technology plays a crucial role in how people choose, navigate, and socialize in physical spaces. This dependence on technology has led to changes in how people interact with each other and their environment. These changes offer valuable insights for urban planners and designers to create more efficient and effective spaces in modern cities. By understanding the various dimensions of these changes, planners can develop optimal solutions and patterns to enhance the user experience.

With the rapid expansion of urbanization in the world and the need to pay attention to the performance of the management of these urban systems, the study of urban life and the methods of its residents' access to citizenship rights. Urban health, as one of the important factors in human life, is considered a part of these rights. by checking the situation of Urmia from the perspective of the level of achieving spatial justice in the field of urban health indicators, tries to measure the status of the right approach. The methods of information gathering are based on library-documentary data and methods of observation, interview and field verification of the study environment based on the level of distribution of functions in the field of urban health, Urmia has not acted in a fair manner in terms of the distribution of health-treatment functions and services in accordance with the approach of the right to the city, in spatial planning and allocation. In this regard, the components of the qualitative levels of people's mental and emotional states in the aspect of the urban health system and the level of desirability of having appropriate urban furniture in the physical-physical dimension, respectively, in the most suitable or best and most unsuitable or worst environmental conditions and conditions is placed The components of access and availability in the field of public and sustainable transportation and having a variety of uses in the city have the highest level of solidarity and coherence with the approach of the right to urban health. Also, the component of having the desired household income has the lowest level of correlation, interaction and cohesion with the approach of promoting the right to health in the urban society of Urmia, in order to improve the conditions, some effective suggestions have been made.

Urban spaces in the age of technology are changing in all dimensions due to the addition of connected users, and neglecting to recognize these developments has distanced us from the current content of the urban space and deprived the city planners of the possibility of efficient planning and appropriate use of technology. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to explain the changes made in public spaces based on the dimensions of the urban space of Carmona under the influence of modern communication and information technologies.

This research is looking for the theories of public space in a historical process and by adopting an interpretative approach and benefiting from qualitative content analysis in the context of Atlas analytical software to analyze the changes of public space in the age of technology according to the six dimensions. Carmona urban space.

findings indicate that the impact of the technology paradigm was not the same in all aspects of the urban space. Among the most important ones, we can mention the transfer of social interactions from the space of place to the space of flow, the flexibility of the functional space, the formation of an independent perceptual system, and the weakening of the concept of access.

The results show that because of technology in urban areas, although all dimensions of urban spaces have undergone changes in some way, but the most changes have taken place in functional and social areas. Based on these changes, a redefinition of public spaces has been explained and presented in accordance with the characteristics of the technological era.

Public territory in cities has always served as a platform for the embodiment of behavioral patterns and interactive human actions in the environment. The qualitative method used in this study is behavioral observation, a modern approach to environmental design and the analysis of public territory, and a method to understand the mutual relationship between people and spaces. This study's main goal was to investigate conditions in which spatial diversity could help form specific behavioral patterns inside public territories. The main study question is: "Which behavioral patterns prevail in the areas under study based on space diversity? And how much do environmental factors contribute to space users' satisfaction? This method was investigated in sample Zanjan's pedestrian zone, the starting point of the city's main historical and commercial routes, subjected to degradation and transformation. The present study was applied and carried out in a survey form. The survey strategy was used to validate the study findings. Views obtained from 50 interviewees led to the extraction of some components constituting the reasons behind visiting a space. Zanjan's pedestrian zone faces a reduced volume of static activity and behavioral patterns in the mid-hours of the day, with the highest volume of traffic taking place from 4 p.m. to 9 p.m. On the other hand, a review of questionnaires on revisiting the space led to the identification of such factors as access to occupations, shopping, spending leisure, and finally, interactions.

In order to recognize the spatial planning system of the countries, we should first understand their planning and development system and then consider the experiences of those countries in the spatial planning system and its comparison with the current situation of the country of origin. The spatial planning system of Iran has not been successful in the field of urban development projects and has encountered failures. To eliminate these problems, using successful global experiences can be a suitable solution. Due to its leadership in the spatial planning system and successful performance in urban development programs and the use of active public participation, India has been investigated as a successful sample in this research. In this comparative comparison, two types of general knowledge (general, geographic, economic situation and intra-territorial divisions) and specific (macro planning system and spatial planning system) were obtained from two countries of Iran and India. The research method of the present study is qualitative and comparative and based on library and documentary studies. Based on the results, the approach and mechanism of spatial planning is more advanced in India and is shifting towards inclusive participation, but this movement is slow in Iran. In both countries, planning is done on various scales. The implementation and supervision system of India is based on a serious control and supervision system on land use and has strict rules in the field of development and construction regulations, but in Iran, the implementation of programs is average and supervision is not done well. In India, the planning process is first from top to bottom and then from bottom to top, but in Iran, the planning process is top to bottom. Finally, it can be said that India's planning and spatial planning system is more advanced compared to Iran in many cases, and those responsible for planning should consider the important points of India's plans and programs and how they are implemented.

Before the Industrial Revolution, urban neighborhoods had maintaining their natural, social and physical values, they responded to the relatively constant needs of their inhabitants. With the rapid growth of Iran's metropolises, old textures and ancient settlements and neighborhoods were threatened, and the need for urban restoration and re-creation of old textures was felt more than ever. In order to achieve the goal and to investigate the problems of these neighborhoods, an integrated method including descriptive, documentary, historical, scientific studies was used to determine the research method and policy and the indicators required to achieve the goals through the method. Delphi were confirmed and then the questionnaires were analyzed using the SWARA model. The ancient texture of the cities of Kerman, Shiraz and Isfahan, especially the neighborhoods of Qaleh Mahmoud Kerman, Sang-e Siah Shiraz and Haruniyeh of Isfahan, in addition to reflecting the history of development and cultural developments over time, are significant works of culture. And have included the civilization of the country on a national and global scale. They are for improvement and renovation. The results of analysis in all three neighborhoods showed that development stimulus projects in the historical urban context strengthen the sense of security and also the most important factor of lack of security in the worn texture is the shape and physical structure of the texture and analysis using From the SWARA model, it was shown that in the component indices of the sub-levels of the development stimulus dimension; Equipping and expanding public networks - and in the component indicators of the subset levels of the security dimension; Space scale - and in the component indices of the subset levels of the regeneration dimension; Attracting high-income families, attracting domestic capital and improving the employment status of residents are in the first place.

Factors such as reducing social cohesion and solidarity and reducing the level of trust and individual and social partnerships, part of it originates from the inappropriate architecture of public spaces in residential complexes. which has led to the unwillingness of people to attend and the impossibility of face-to-face encounters and the diminution of collective activities and interaction-oriented behaviors in these areas, which has increasingly led to a decrease in social capital. The need to pay attention to the concept of social capital as a set of relationships, networks and norms, and to improve the quality of the environment, as a platform that provides the possibility of collective activities and cooperation between people, is becoming more and more apparent. The purpose of this research is to find variables that can push the physical-spatial environment of residential complexes in the direction of sociability and presence and communication of as many people as possible. To achieve this goal, the research method is descriptive, analytical, quantitative and survey, in the first stage, information related to environmental-physical quality variables and attendance with library and field studies, and in the next stage, the social capital variable is extracted from theoretical foundations. and the tool for collecting information is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of two complexes located in Tehran and the sample size is 248 people using Morgan's table. According to the information obtained from the residents and the analysis of acquired data and the use of Spss statistical analysis software, the technique of modeling structural equations in Amos software has been used. The findings of the research show that there is a strong, positive and influential relationship between environmental-physical quality variables and attendance. Also, there is a strong and significant relationship between the presence variables of space and social capital. There is a positive relationship between the two variables of physical-environmental quality and social capital. As a result, the existence of sociable and presentable spaces and spaces that provide face-to-face interaction of people in residential complexes provide the improvement of social capital over time.

Strategic-structural plan of Tehran approved in 2007, which is considered as the last comprehensive plan approved by Tehran, in addition to the traditional issues of comprehensive plans, important issues such as changing the structure and function of the city, reforming the revenue system of Tehran municipality, improving urban infrastructure, improving efficiency The urban transportation system has considered ensuring the city's safety against natural disasters, improving the quality of the urban environment, as well as the use of new methods of land use planning. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the process of developing this plan in order to take into account the principles and indicators of the futuristic approach and to suggest modifying the existing trend based on the futuristic approach. The dominant paradigm of this research is interpretive and qualitative research. Data collection techniques are semi-structured through study, observation and interview and the questionnaire is open and the method of data analysis is Delphi technique and qualitative content analysis in a structured manner. Eleven indicators and principles of futurism approach were extracted using Delphi technique (attention to stakeholders and influencers, attention to uncertainties, uncertainties, shocks and complexities, attention to trends and megatrends, holistic, Inclusion, attention to the results of inferior and superior documents, long-term view, attention to values and worldview, scenario writing and foresight, accurate and measured analysis of the planning environment, vision drawing) and in Tehran design by content analysis method Documents were sorted and categorized and the extent to which these principles were considered in the Tehran plan document was measured again. The results show that the consideration of these principles in the development of urban development programs in both methods is low.

Prior to the Industrial Revolution and the growth of cities, urban neighborhoods grew slowly and steadily, while maintaining their natural, social, and physical values, and responding to the relatively constant needs of their inhabitants. With the rapid growth of Iran's metropolises, old textures and ancient settlements and neighborhoods were threatened, and the need for urban restoration and re-creation of old textures was felt more than ever. Urban development has tried to revive and restore urban life to inefficient areas due to the two approaches of internal development and urban restoration of worn-out structures. In order to facilitate this process and pay attention to the connection of old contexts with urban development, planning and implementation of development stimulus projects was considered as one of the strategies used to provide the necessary conditions for the presence of residents and owners. The ancient texture of the cities of Kerman, Shiraz and Isfahan, especially the neighborhoods of Qala-e-Mahmoud, Sang-e-Siah and Haruniyeh neighborhoods, in addition to reflecting the history of development and cultural developments over time, are significant works of culture and civilization of the country. Nationally and globally, this research is applied in terms of purpose and its methodological approach is qualitative, quantitative, combined. Research sources are documentary sources, libraries and field observations and a popular questionnaire (analysis in the form of SPSS software). Research results in three neighborhoods of Sangsiah, Qalam Mahmoud and Haruniyeh; Showed that 1) development stimulus projects in the historical urban context strengthen the sense of security, 2) the most important factor in the lack of sense of security in the worn texture is the undesirable physical shape and structure of the texture, and 3) can be approached The stimulus of development, as a complete and integrated vision, achieved the revitalization and re-creation of the neighborhood as well as the preservation of its historical and physical values in order to turn the neighborhood into a living place in harmony with modern life and in accordance with historical character and identity.

The aim of this study was to present housing viability indices with an analytical study of the native architecture of Amlash city. The research method is descriptive-analytical in terms of practical purpose and qualitative research. The statistical population studied in this study is the residents of Amlash city, whose population according to the 2016 census of Iran is 15444 people. The sampling method is random and to estimate the sample size of Cochran's formula and 374 samples. In order to analyze the collected data, regression t-test and resonance fitness tests were used in SPSS software. To analyze the results of the questionnaire, statistical test T was used. The test results show that according to the citizens of Amlash, the environmental dimension has a higher priority due to the difference from the very low and negative average of 0.6002, as well as the special value obtained for it at the rate of 5.2, which is more than other dimensions. To lay the foundation for the viability of housing with the native architectural patterns of Amlash. Economic, social, cultural and environmental dimensions have a direct impact on the viability of urban housing with the formal patterns of indigenous architecture of Amlash city due to the amount of beta coefficients and significant results obtained. The cause of the negative beta coefficients and the lack of significance were lacking.

The study of the comprehensive plan for the development of Tehran's cultural space shows that the definition of local and thematic plans that have been done in the sub-zones of this plan has been formed without explaining the components of sense of place. it seems that the implementation of the plan will not reach its goals until then. In this research, the components of sense of place in the scientific-cultural sub-zone of the Darvazeh Dowlat to Enghelab Square in the center of Tehran have been explained. Physical characteristics, social classes of residents, users of space, natural features, traffic axes and streets in this area affect the components of sense of place; Therefore, the type of attention and priority given to each component is very important for urban planning and design policy makers in order to promote a sense of place.In this study, prioritization of attention to the components of sense of place based on the views of experts on the place in the scientific-cultural axis of Darvazeh Dowlat to Enghelab square as one of the components of Tehran cultural zone using a combination of three models Structural-analytical, Mick Mac and Topsis have been performed. . In explaining the indicators of sense of place in the cultural zone of Tehran, three categories of indicators "effective", "dependent", "independent" can be identified and "linked" index was not identified. Also, the results of ISM-MICMAC-TOPSIS analysis model were used .

Tehran, the 200-year-old capital of Iran, is a young city with a complex political and social structure compared to many other cities in the country. Therefore, creating a sense of place and the formation of social relations in this metropolis has faced complexities, and the partisan and modernist view of urban planners has reduced the sense of belonging in the residents and, consequently, has reduced the vitality of this city. In the comprehensive plan for organizing and developing cultural spaces in the metropolis of Tehran, an area called the cultural zone of Tehran has been determined. The purpose of choosing this zone was to give the Tehran Space Organization an outlook for the development of cultural spaces. The boundaries of this zone are designated in accordance with the natural-historical structure of Tehran and is located in the north-south and east-west. Using the combination of three models –Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), Micmac, and Topsis– this paper attempted to prioritize attention towards the factors influencing the sense of place based on the views of experts and residents of Jamaran cultural tourist zone, an area located in the cultural zone of Tehran. The results of the interpretive structural modelling in 5 stages showed that the most important factor that influence the sense of place is the concept of territory. This was determined based on the first stage questionnaire of Delphi from the perspective of urban planners and design experts. Based on the output of the Micmac model, in explaining the sense of place in the cultural zone of Tehran, three categories of "drivers", "dependents" and "autonomous" was identified but there was no "linkage" factor. At the end, in order to provide suggestions and prioritize attention towards the sense of place in Jamaran cultural tourist zone, the overall result of the three models was used, and it was found that the top priorities that needs attention to enrich the sense of place in the study area, are the sense of presence, level of security, the concept of territory, and social amenity.

Justice plays a very important role in the urban geography of children's presence in society. Today, public spaces in the current cities of Iran, in the process of their formation and spatial justice, have made the necessity of designing and managing these spaces unaffected by their upbringing effect on the personality and identity of children. This Research with a major emphasis on children's access to public spaces, it will measure the availability of public spaces for children in the areas and neighborhoods of Tehran, and finally, The optimal model of public spaces suitable for the presence of children in different areas of Tehran in order to achieve justice will be presented. In this paper, by examining Lefebvre's theory, he first examines the possibility of using this theory in the city, and analyzes how to achieve Soja's spatial justice in the presence of children using this theory. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and is a statistical sample of Tehran's 1st and 11th districts.

In today’s world, the early impact of the changes in the cities can considerably improve the design and planning in urban resilience. Urban form-based resilience in the residential neighborhoods and historical textures, in particular, can protect the cells of the social communities against the sudden changes in forms. The current research aims to evaluate the resilience in the neighborhoods of the historical texture, such as Oudlajan and Sangelaj neighborhoods located in District 12 of Tehran. The research method is an analytical-descriptive and comparative study. The data were collected using the library and survey studies. Given the research problem and its purpose, the indicators and parameters of the evaluation were extracted by investigating the theoretical foundations and research background. The metric calculations method was applied to evaluate the physical aspect, and a number of researcher-made questionnaires based on the Likert scale in the interval scale were used to measure the local society aspect. In a pre-test, the AHP method in the urban social area with the academic experts' panel was used to determine the relative significance of the components affecting the urban form resilience. In the following, the urban form resilience from the optimal level for both neighborhoods was obtained using the optimal distance method. The results indicate that despite some exceptions, the urban form in both neighborhoods is not resilient and has an undesirable distance from successful global experiences. Considering the analysis of the indicators and calculating the ARI, the neighborhoods have 0.57 and 0.65 optimal distance, respectively, and social resilience in the Oudlajan neighborhood is higher than in another one. Finally, it must be considered that improving the depth of the recognition and involving the responsible organization for plans along with the re-definition of the social aspects of the life of the citizens will lead to the increase in the urban form resilience of these neighborhoods and will manifest a better prospect of the future of the cities.

The study of the manifestation of physical forms leads to the support of urban livability and the quality of life that ultimately leads to a more sustainable city, are the requirements of the livable city theories. But since previous researches on the factors of urban livability supports the city form, includes the environmental, social, and economic layers, This research seeks to analyze the effects of the city's form on the environmental components of the habitat with a comparative analysis on three different regions of Tehran. The method of research in two sections of survey-exploration and analysis of spatial information layers and data analysis are two quantitative descriptive and qualitative statistics of comparative analysis using the checklist. The results of the research show that, contrary to what is presented in the common idea of sustainable city form, compression has a reverse relationship with livability in the Iranian city. In other words, density has a saturated threshold, and if this threshold is passed, the quality of life in the city begins to decline and the rate of the livability decreases.

This research is to distinguish physical characteristics of Islamic Iranian urban structures compared with contemporary urban structures in medieval Europe. The urban structures were developed in the existing conditions of that time. Architectural and urban spaces are the physical phenomena reflecting many cultural, social, and civilization characteristics of a society. Hence, they can be used to imagine history and culture of a society. Therefore, in different regions with different religions and ideologies, we can observe different morphological structures. Islamic urban cities and medieval cities were studied by many researchers. However, the researches about the urban morphology have rarely focused on the comparison of the two contemporary urban physical developments in Islamic Iranian and medieval cities in a case study and qualitative analysis. Furthermore, it was not cleared how these differences in cultures, ideology, religion, and governments could lead to physical changes and similarities in urban landscape. In most of the previous studies about urban morphology and classification of the morphology, the categorization is limited to the major elements of street, block, and buildings. In this research, we have analyzed the approaches in the two cities to detect the factors forming organizations and structures. The purpose of this research is to analyze the forming state and organization of the cities in two periods of Islamic Iranian and medieval. For this, we have examined historical background, physical properties, and formative factors of the cities.

We have used qualitative variables in this research. The qualitative variables prepared using library studies have been analyzed by diagram and 3 dimensional modeling. Although non-physical factors, addition to physical urban factors, are also considered in this research, but this study has mainly emphasized on English school of Conzen urban morphology. Thus, this study has not considered historical aspects of Italian school and social interactions of French school. Therefore, the physical parameters have been compared with each other in two groups of principal components of urban texture and single structures using evaluation matrix. We have considered the major patterns of the structures in this period, not exceptional cases. We have examined the urban morphology of Islamic Iranian cities and European medieval cities to extract characteristics of their elements, urban design, analysis system, and morphology types. After categorization of these morphologies, we have analyzed the morphologies in two sample cities of Rey and Siena to obtain similarities and differences and also their characteristics. In physical component of urban texture, the data, according to Lynch, have been divided into five elements including paths (commercial spaces of market), edges (gates and walls), districts, nodes (square), and landmarks. Then, the results have been analyzed in three levels of macro scale (spatial organization and development), meso scale (structure and arrangement), and micro scale (architecture and performance of components). About the single structures, the data have been analyzed by their landuse types. All urban elements, including mosque and church, houses, bath, school, municipality building, and etc., have been analyzed in their special land-uses. These elements have been assessed in terms of location in city, building material, function, typology, and structure pattern. We have compared the two sample cities of Rey as an Islamic Iranian sample and Siena as a medieval sample.

The elements of urban morphology have been determined in a literature review to examine the similarities and differences of the two kinds of cities. Rey City was formed before Islamic period and was also developed after that. The Siena is also a sample of medieval city keeping principal characteristics of that time. Spatial organization of Rey City, as an epitome of Islamic Iranian city, has an organic complex with a compact texture. The houses and private spaces are located around the mosques without disturbance. Spatial arrangement of the neighborhoods and city had an organic growth. Spatial organization of Siena, as a good sample of European medieval city, is also formed in accordance with topography. The city is developed along hills. Most of the urban landscape is formed due to historic events. In Rey City, the central mosque is functioning as the heart of the city and Baazar (traditional market) is performing as spine around which the neighboring houses are developed. The houses in the city are located from the entrance of the city towards the mosque in center of the space. The Siena is composed of some section connected to each other in the main square as conjunction. Along the main paths with more regular state relative to narrow streets, the stores are located. The paths are elongated from city gate to Central Square and central church as a two section core.

The results of this study have indicated that the urban structure of the Islamic Iranian and medieval cities are mainly similar in spatial organization, development form, spatial structure, and arrangement. The differences of the two types of cities are mainly in micro-scale and single structures and architecture. Similarities and differences in natural, cultural, economic, social, military-political conditions, and government system are among the main causes of physical variability in different geographical regions. This can also form identity of spaces. The results of this study have also indicated that the formative elements of Islamic Iranian cities and European medieval cities have so regular arrangement that in an integrated system they can meet the requirements of the citizens. The identity of the cities is defined by their preferential special architecture. Therefore, the principles and structures of the old cities and the development appropriate to urban texture and single structures can be useful for today urban development to manage inharmonic development of urban spaces and reinforcement of place identity. Taking these old elements into account and following the principles of the Islamic Iranian and medieval cities can help have a more competent urban planning and better meet the needs of residents in contemporary cities.

As metropolitan areas expanding and the size of modern cities increasing, Landuse must covering needs of inhabitants by observing space hierarchy. Trans- regional landuse, due to their significant role at the city level, require a specific survey at the location and also their impact on the lives of the citizens’ living environments must be taken into the account.The purpose of this study is evaluating the role of Trans-regional landuses on the quality of life of deteriorated residential environments. datas was collected by gauging through the residential areas of the deteriorated texture of the 12th district of Tehran city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey analyzed by SPSS and LISREL 8.80 softwares. The sample size was 384 using Cochran formula and the questionnaire was distributed among them. In this study, a meta-regional index as an independent variable and four indicators of quality of life (social, economic, environmental, and physical) as an independent variable were evaluated to obtain the correct analysis. The results of the research indicated that there is a meaningful and direct relationship between the components of quality of life and the trans-regional landuse. Using the structural model in the research showed that the cause and effect relationships between the trans-original landuse and the quality of life indicators were correct. It is concluded that measuring the quality of life status and satisfaction of the components of trans-regional landuse, from the trans-regional landuse and quality of life in residential area in the 12th district was not sarisfactory. Finally, it can be concluded that transregional landuse have a direct impact on all aspects of the quality of life in residential environments