hamidreza tamadon

One of the meanings of the term Qīyās in the works of the first centuries is the evaluation of narrations (especially Akhbār Aḥād) based on Quran, traditions and other evidence which for various reasons are sometimes interpreted as "Qīyās" and therefore should not be considered as soon as it is seen in texts to mean the famous jurisprudential Qīyās. It also seems that the issue of Qīyās, especially among the Imamiyyeh, should be reconsidered, and perhaps, as Ayatollah Sistani has tried to explain the narrations and historical reports related to analogy, new interpretations of it can be presented and our understanding of the narrations may be transformed. This is while in the ‘Usuli works of the Imamiyyeh, especially from the school of Hillah onwards, Qīyās is sometimes mentioned as one of the criteria for evaluating the Aḥād Akhbār and also as one of the preferences in the case of the conflicting Hadith, and at least as a confirmation of Hadith and a part of "evidence collection".

The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic review of research texts in the field of locating Iranian public libraries using GIS. Accordingly, the considerable components in locating public libraries in Iran were examined based on the relevant research texts.

The present research is an applied study in terms of purpose that was conducted based on a systematic analysis using Prisma model. To collect data, relevant keywords were searched in reliable databases and 372 research articles were retrieved. By studying and reviewing the abstracts of these articles and, if necessary, their results, duplicate and irrelevant articles were omitted. Finally, by conducting a preliminary survey in accordance with the input and output criteria, these studies were controlled by researchers, and 29 articles remained. The research tool was a checklist.

Findings show that most of the investigated studies were conducted in 2014 (17.24 percent). The survey-descriptive research method (27/48 percent) was applied more than other methods and using operational and cartographic-based research methods were neglected. In terms of geographical area, most of the studied were carried out in Tehran (17.24 percent) and then in Kerman (34/10 percent), and the geographical distribution of studies is not commensurate with the distribution of cities in Iran. Since the research tools of these studies were mostly questionnaires, it is made clear that the focus was on the response-based method, and testing the hypotheses has significantly helped to validate the results of studies. The main problems were: non-use of GIS in building libraries, lack of geographical distribution of libraries and weakness in the optimal use of components of compatibility, comfort and centrality in building libraries. The most frequent research topic in the studies was location in terms of geographical location (86.20 percent). The most frequent component in locating libraries using GIS system is comfort (32.81 percent), followed by compatibility (31.25 percent).

 By reviewing the studies in the field of location of public libraries, the findings of this field were identified in terms of the distribution status of libraries, the desirability of accessing them and the influential components in location. This research provides an overview of what has been done and what should be considered in determining the location of public libraries for future researchers.

The issue of the conflict between hadiths has been paid attention to for a long time and its background can even be traced back to the time of the Imams (AS) themselves, as numerous narrations, as well as the titles of chapters in narration books, show this quite well. Since then, jurists and Usulis have either addressed this issue in their writings or have compiled separate treatises focusing on this issue. Therefore, it seems that a correct understanding of the narrations requires knowledge of this issue and determining a position on how to interact with conflicting hadiths. A noteworthy point and question that can be crucial in the way we look at the issue of conflict of evidence is "who created the conflict?" Sometimes the conflict is rooted in the narrations themselves and sometimes it goes back to the presuppositions of the reader and the interpreter of the text. In other words, it is necessary to distinguish between "conflict" and "illusion of conflict". Ayatollah Sistani is one of the jurists who has paid attention to this issue and the printed report of his lessons entitled "Conflict of evidence and difference of hadith" is the best evidence of this. The question can be answered from different angles. For example, paying attention to the element of "history" and the context of narration, the differences between the copies of ancient texts and collections of hadith, as well as issues related to bibliography, can answer part of this question. In addition to paying attention to the above-mentioned issues, Ayatollah Sistani has proposed another basis, probably under the influence of the ideas of Mirza Mehdi Isfahani, and has tried to distinguish between "Iftai" and "Ta'limi" narrations. Therefore, it is no longer possible to consider all narrations as teaching and legislation.Based on what has been said, the authors have tried to explain this issue and the problems surrounding it in two parts, comparing the views of Ayatollah Sistani and Mirza Mehdi Isfahani.

Just as the lack of resources on the history of Ithnā'asharī Shiite jurisprudence makes it difficult to research and write about it, so does the history of Ismāīlī jurisprudence suffer from such a lack. Even more, speaking about Ismaili jurisprudence and its history with regard to their secret activities, especially before Fatimid rule is more difficult, in a way that this has led to the fact that the Ismāīlīs are sometimes accused of disregarding the jurisprudence and appearances of the Shari'a, which of course is not true of all the Ismaili sects (apparently only the Nizari are so).
Professor Mohammad Vaezzadeh Khurasani is one of those who have paid attention to this issue and with a historical perspective that he learned from his professor, Ayatollah Boroujerdi, chose the subject of his presentation at the Sixth Iranian Research Congress held in Tabriz in 1975 as "relationship between Shiite jurisprudence And Ismaili jurisprudence.
In this article, the author, using the manuscripts of Professor Vaezzadeh, presents a report on his research and makes some points about the book Daā'im al-Islam and Qāḍī Nu'mān, which he hopes will open the door to research in this field.

Abdul Rahman Badawi is one of the most diligent and at the same time the strangest Muslim scholars and thinkers of the contemporary era. The best proof of this claim is his works in the field of "rational sciences", in terms of breadth and accuracy, which amazes any researcher aware of the difficulties of writing, translating and researching in philosophy, logic, theology, mysticism and Sufism to the extent that the active philosopher, such as Hassan ḤanafĪ, equates his services to rationality and the intellectual and mystical heritage of Islam with the achievements of a generation or a research institute.
The difference between BadawĪ’s innovative method and other modern thinkers in the Arab world is that he tried to spread rationality in the Islamic world through translation, research and writing. In this way, in addition to the Islamic tradition, he also paid attention to non-Islamic philosophy and tried to draw the attention of Muslims to his ancient intellectual heritage and other lands by translating, compiling, correcting and reviving the forgotten works. On the other hand, to acquaint others with the valuable achievements of the Islamic tradition in the field of intellectual sciences and mysticism.
However, it seems that there is no proper description of him and his efforts in Persian. In this article, the author has tried to examine some of his works and research methods.

The distinguishing feature of Adonis from his counterparts in the Arab and Iranian worlds is his attention to the various dimensions of the Islamic tradition and the context in which Arabic poetry was formed. He believes that any fundamental critique of the structure of poetry depends on the knowledge of the sources that inspired it. The author has written this article with the aim of making the audience aware of Adonis’s ideas in the field of Islamic culture. In order to achieve this goal, after introducing Adonis, he explains the meaning of “fixed” and “transformed” in his thought. In addition, it presents examples of imitation and innovation in Islamic culture in Adoni’s views in the field of politics, poetry and literature, and so on. Finally, by stating that critiques of Adonis’s views on Islamic tradition and culture have been written, he points to cases that have not been addressed in current critiques.

This study was conducted to identify the key success factors in implementing knowledge management in public libraries of Guilan province.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of data collection method and data analysis. The statistical population of the study includes all librarians of public libraries in Gilan province, 189 people, which based on simple random sampling using Morgan table, the statistical volume was 123 people. Data collection was done through a researcher-made questionnaire. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire by calculating Cronbach's alpha through S software SPSS. Its reliability was determined to be 95, which indicates the high validity of the questionnaire.

The results showed that information systems infrastructure with an average of 4.15 is the highest factor for success and knowledge-based orientation with an average of 3.84 is the lowest factor in the success of knowledge management implementation in public libraries. Guilan province in terms of respondents.

The most important component in the implementation of knowledge management in Guilan public libraries from the respondents' point of view is the component of information systems infrastructure, giving importance to information technology capabilities, access of staff and librarians to databases, cooperation between libraries in the form of research projects. Establishing virtual group discussion mechanisms and creating user-friendly electronic systems.

Due to technological developments, access to remote resources in libraries is a necessity and should be considered as requirements. For public libraries with regard to their mission it is particularly important. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing spatial representation of resources in Guilan public libraries by GIS. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-survey data collection. All public libraries of Guilan province with 83 items were considered as statistical population. Statistical population included library managers (81 persons) and librarians (67970 persons). The sampling method for the managers and librarians was census and systematic random stratified for members. The sample size for the managers was equal to the statistical population and for members were 382 persons by using the Cochran formula. The research instrument consisted of three types of questionnaires (effectiveness, efficiency and comfort). The validity of the questionnaires was checked by referring to the GIS experts. The reliability of the instruments with using Cronbach's alpha for effectiveness questionnaire was 0.71, Comfort = 0.73 and Efficiency 0.88, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics has been used for data analysis by SPSS software. The results showed that there is no significant difference between present and expected conditions in effectiveness (0.933) and efficiency (0.460) but there is significant difference in the comfort (0.000). Thus, the libraries under study have no problem in terms of effectiveness and technology efficiency, and if the software is properly designed the users could remotely locate the resources of the library.