hossein eslami

There are generally two main methods for measuring fluid flow in open channels. The first method involves measuring the average velocity and cross-sectional area and multiplying them to calculate the discharge. The second method involves creating a controlled depth using a structure and establishing a direct relationship between the depth and flow rate (known as the stage-discharge relationship), where the flow rate can be directly determined by measuring the depth (Potter et al., 2012). Flow passing through a structure for measurement is categorized into two main types: free or modular flow and submerged or non-modular flow. Since the hydraulic behavior of these structures differs under free and submerged conditions, determining the boundary between these two flow states is essential. The threshold of each structure represents the boundary between these two flow states. So far, no studies on this topic have been specifically for flumes with combined cross-sections. Therefore, this research aims to cover this subject. This study aims to experimentally investigate the threshold of submergence in trapezoidal-rectangular and triangular-rectangular combined cross-section flumes. For this purpose, the submergence threshold of these flumes is examined for various flow rates and geometries. Additionally, empirical relationships for both proposed flume types have been developed after dimensional analysis and non-dimensionalities of influential parameters for engineers to use in the design phase. Finally, the submergence thresholds of these two types of flumes are compared.

The experiments in this study were conducted on horizontal and rectangular flumes with dimensions of 20, 0.6, and 0.5 m for length, width, and height. The flumes have a closed water flow system, and an end gate to control of downstream depth. In this research, different models of flumes were tested at various flow rates. In total, 170 experiments were performed for the trapezoidal-rectangular flume, and 101 experiments were conducted for the triangular-rectangular flume in the threshold submergence state.The effective parameters on the threshold submergence of a trapezoidal-rectangular flume include geometrical parameters, fluid characteristics, and gravity acceleration. The geometric parameters are the height of the flume P, the amount of floor opening a, and the width of flume B. The angles of upstream and downstream transitions are not considered because they are fixed. Fluid-related parameters include dynamic viscosity µ and specific mass ρ. Another parameter affecting the flow in open channels is the acceleration of gravity g. Also, the parameters related to the flow, including the upstream depth h, and the downstream depth ht, are effective variables on the threshold submergence. By using Buckingham's Π theory, choosing the parameters µ, g, and h as repetition variables, and using the theory of incomplete self-similarity (Barenblatt, 1987), finally, two Eqs. (1) and (2) are as follows. h_t/P=(h/B)^m f_1 ( a/B,Z) (1) h_t/P=(h/B)^m f_2 ( Z) (2) where m is a numerical constant that is determined based on experimental data.

The results indicate that although the ht/B index shows a consistent increasing trend, it effectively fails to differentiate between flows with different heights. The ht/h index demonstrates that this index does not exhibit a consistent trend compared to the h/B parameter. Therefore, based on the analyses conducted in this study, ht/P was considered a suitable threshold index for both types of flows under investigation.The index increases as the height of the flume increases for all three triangular prism side lengths (5, 10, and 15 cm). It is worth mentioning that the changes for low h/B ratios are negligible, and the difference between different flume depths increases withan increase in this ratio, especially for structures with side lengths of 10 and 15.The results show that with an increase in this parameter, the threshold submergence index decreases, indicating an increase in the sensitivity of the flow to the upstream depth. For a specific flow height and discharge, the upstream depth of the structure decreases with an increase in the parameter a. Therefore, the upstream energy of flows with higher opening ratios is lower, resulting in their submergence at an earlier stage.Similarly, similar to the trapezoidal-rectangular flow, in this type of flume, with an increase in height, the threshold submergence index increases, and the flume submerges later.Equations (3) and (4) demonstrate the threshold submergence index for thecombined trapezoidal-rectangular and triangular-rectangular flumes. The results show that more than 80% of the data have an error of less than 5%. The provided empirical equations have achieved satisfactory accuracy in estimating the experimental results.h_t/P=4(h/B)^(1.1) 〖(a/B)^(0.088) (Z)〗^(0.096) (3)/P=1.443(h/B)^(1.254) (Z)^(1.29) (4)

The investigation of various dimensionless parameters has shown that the ratio of the downstream depth to the flume height (ht/P) is a suitable indicator for the threshold submergence for both types of flumes. In both types of flumes, as the flow depth increases, the threshold submergence index also increases, indicating a decrease in the sensitivity of the flume to the downstream depth. The study of the effect of the trapezoidal base on the threshold submergence index has shown that as the base width increases, the threshold submergence decreases. A comparison between the two types of flumes has shown that in low flow rates, the triangular-rectangular combined flume reaches the threshold submergence earlier than the trapezoidal-rectangular flume. In contrast, in high flow rates, the opposite is true. Statistical analyses have demonstrated that the proposed relationships accurately predict the experimental results, with over 80% of the predictions having an error of less than 5%.

Thermogels, having unique sol-gel phase transition properties, have recently received much attention. These types of hydrogels show a phase transition when exposed to temperature changes. This feature is the key to the application of thermogels in medicine. The thermogelling behavior is the result of a combination of multiple heat response mechanisms. These mechanisms include the behavior of the lowest critical temperature of the solution, micellization and micellar aggregation of thermogel-forming polymers. Thermogels have wide applications in medical engineering and especially in tissue engineering. Injectability is one of the most important properties of thermogels for use in tissue engineering, which induces high compatibility, easy loading of cells and growth factors, and help in tissue regeneration to these hydrogels. In recent years, the use of thermogels in drug delivery and the study of thermogel drug delivery systems have become very common. Thermogels can deliver the drug to the desired location in a targeted manner and increase the life of the drug by protecting the drug in the body. Thermogels have also been considered as a suitable cell culture medium in various researches due to their three-dimensional porous structure. In addition, these materials have been used as self-cleaning membranes due to their ability to reduce fibrous encapsulation and facilitate analyte diffusion in biosensors. In this article, an attempt was made to review the research conducted in the field of functional mechanisms of thermogels and the progress achieved in this field. In the following, with a practical attitude, the research conducted in the field of using thermogels in medical engineering, such as use in drug delivery, tissue engineering, 3D culture of cells/stem cells, and membranes and sensors, was examined.

Artificial Intelligence (AI), which mimics the human brain structure and operation, simulates intelligence. The aim of Machine Learning (ML), which is a branch of artificial intelligence, is to create models by analyzing data. Another type of artificial intelligence, Deep Learning (DL), depicts geometric changes using several layers of model representations. Since DL broke the computational analysis record, AI has advanced in many areas.

Contrary to the widespread use of conventional ML methodologies, there is still a need to promote the use and popularity of DL for pharmaceutical research and development. Drug discovery and design have been enhanced by ML and DL in major research projects. To fully realize its potential, drug design must overcome many challenges and issues. Various aspects of medication design must be considered to successfully address these concerns and challenges. This review article explains DL's significance both in technological breakthroughs and in effective medications.

There are numerous barriers and substantial challenges associated with drug design associated with DL architectures and key application domains. The article discusses several elements of medication development that have been influenced by existing research. Two widely used and efficient Neural Network (NN) designs are discussed in this article: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs).

It is described how these tools can be utilized to design and discover small molecules for drug discovery. They are also given an overview of the history of DL approaches, as well as a discussion of some of their drawbacks.

The spread of the media in the present age and the influence on all political, social and personal dimensions of human life has made the need for a media to guide human beings to true perfection more and more felt, which is referred to as "monotheistic media" and in this regard religion Islam, as the last and most complete divine religion, has instructions; For example, in verse 125 of Surah An-Nahl, in connection with the monotheistic media, he has stated the method of propagating and inviting the truth with the three methods of wisdom, good preaching and good debate. In other words, one of the most central methods of combating Western media domination is to call for the rights and guidance of human beings. In fact, the media has a mission to address issues such as religiosity and religious values, the call to truth, guidance and religious identity. In this research, which is organized by documentary method and content analysis of verse 125 of Surah An-Nahl, the content of the monotheistic media has been studied and the capabilities of this media in the field of religion and strengthening the religiosity of individuals have been explained. Accordingly, the condition for the success of the monotheistic media is the use of strong and convincing reasoning along with good preaching. In fact, persuading the audience in human guidance is very important and should be given more attention in the monotheistic media.

Social networks and modern media challenge the traditional media by constantly generating identity policies and distributing a form of active autonomy, and force its level of influence and believers to reconsider. Meanwhile, the pulpit, as one of the most traditional and political communication networks in Iran, has also challenged by the growing dominance of social media. Due to the importance of this issue, the present study has conducted a comparative survey of young people and officials about the structures of unconvincing pulpits in Iran. Accordingly, by compiling a researcher-made questionnaire, the opinions of 420 young people in Tehran and 30 active pulpits in the mosques of this city about the impact of the five structural issues of market economy, politics, ethics, religious autonomy and society. Modernity has studied on the unconvincingness of the pulpits. The results show that the most important structure in the formation of the pulpit's dissatisfaction from point of view is the inappropriate performance of officials and from the pulpit's point of view, the most important structure for the formation of the pulpit's satiety is the problems of the modern world. Hence, it seems that the phenomenon of pulpit persuasion in Iran is one of the examples that has disrupted the dynamic and two-way relationship between public culture and official culture.

The over-drilling of deep wells and the excessive exploitation of groundwater sources cause the groundwater level to decrease daily, resulting in more energy to power pumps. Artificial recharging is the injection of water into a permeable formation to recharge the groundwater aquifer and reuse it with a different regime and quality and by creating additional facilities or changes in the region's natural conditions (Fazl Avali, 1998). Placing artificial recharge systems are one of the basic principles of creating these systems. The selection of sites based on scientific and natural points plays a critical role in the success and efficiency of the development of these systems to achieve the relevant goals. This process must be undertaken with considerable care. Identifying artificial recharge areas and substrates can be accomplished using various methods and parameters. No matter the method used, the results from different studies must be analyzed jointly, and then the most appropriate area for the study must be determined. Due to the presence of various characteristics in location, continuous changes of influential factors, and the need to examine the evaluated criteria, the use of GIS due to special features and capabilities, can be beneficial to this endeavor. The multi-criteria analysis method has been mentioned as a valuable model for integrating information layers in artificial recharge. Numerous studies have been conducted to locate recharging sites for artificial recharge.
Ramalingam and Santhakumar (2002), using GIS and remote sensing techniques, investigated suitable artificial feeding areas in a state in India which considered geomorphological, geological, soil, slope, land use, runoff intensity, and groundwater depth. As part of the research conducted by Hekmatpour et al. (2007), areas of the Varamin plain that can be artificial recharge were identified through classification and layer combining in a GIS environment and using a decision support system to make decisions.

Electrocoagulation (EC) is a safe method for removing environmental pollutants without the need for additional chemical materials. This study investigates the performance of EC in removing chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity from drilling waste generated by oil rigs. An experimental study was performed on a pilot scale in an EC reactor provided from a cylindrical glass cell (height: 30 cm and inner diameter: 5 cm), a pair of aluminum and iron electrodes, a power supply, an aeration system. wastewater Samples were collected from one of the drilling rigs in Khuzestan. The effect of current density, operation time and pH parameters on removal of COD, TOC, TSS and turbidity were determined and the optimal values of the parameters were determined. It was found that system voltage, operation time and pH values on the removal efficiency of pollutants were statistically significant at the 0.01 level. The optimum values of pH, current density and operation time were obtained 7, 20 mA/cm2 and 60 minutes, respectively and the removal efficiencies of COD, TOC, TSS and turbidity under the optimum conditions were 72%, 79%, 67% and 63%, respectively. Also, the consumption of energy was estimated to be 8.4 kWh/m3. The results indicated that the EC process is a cost-effective method in removing pollutants caused by drilling of oil rigs and its efficiency can be improved by applying optimal conditions such as current density and pH.

Social networks are a complex platform of interactions and possibilities, the planning and management of which requires a new approach. Future research and foresight are among the new discourses that create a new perspective in the field of media management in combination with the conventional planning of social policymakers. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of presenting alternative images of the future of the virtual social network and its harms within the framework of scenario planning. In this study, the theories of Habermas, Castells, Giddens, Berger and Laman were used to better understand the subject. The present research, as an applied research, has scenarioized the future of social networks by using the interaction analysis approach. The participants in this research were 15 future experts and researchers in the field of social networks. By using the method of library studies and referring to upstream documents in the field of social networks, 32 primary influencing factors were identified. Among these 32 factors, 16 factors were selected as key factors by using MikMak software, and the basics of developing scenarios were presented to social policymakers. These scenarios were called "Paradise Lost", "In Search of Happiness", "Lost in Space" and "Purgatory". 

According to the existing definition of social media, it should be said that the expansion of these media has changed the interaction pattern of companies, brands, and reaching customers and at the same time provided unique opportunities to create brand awareness and ultimately influence people's purchasing decisions. For this reason, sites and social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram, etc. have had a very important place in entrepreneurship, business, and marketing. In this sense, it should be said that marketing is not dependent on being present in the real world, while a large part of this marketing takes place in the heart of the media. The important point is that companies in this field do not limit their goals to geographical frameworks and have an opinion on a wider space that the media have made possible with their trans-spatial features. For this reason, it is important to discover and analyze the ways of managing and implementing marketing through the media by different companies and organizations. In fact, knowing their processes requires a deep investigation. For this reason, an attempt was made in this research to analyze the dynamics and internal processes governing them by focusing on the category of marketing and expanding this concept to the media space besides answering the question of what processes in the profit-oriented environment of media prevail and organize and direct social media marketing.

According to its purpose, this research used qualitative methodology and the strategy of grounded theory with Strauss and Corbin’s systematic approach. Besides, theoretical sampling was used and continued until theoretical saturation so as to obtain the final theory. Theoretical saturation was achieved after in-depth interviews with 15 marketing managers of companies and business owners in social networks. The data collected in this research were analyzed by using the 3 stages of open, central, and selective coding in a timely and coherent process. During this research, it was tried to pay attention to ethical considerations, such as detailed explanation of the research objective, method of publishing the results, participants’ informed consent, respect for privacy, and maintenance of anonymity and confidentiality. Reliability of the research findings was achieved by using strategies, such as long-term participation in the research field, member review, colleague review, and rich description. The research reliability was confirmed by following the principles and points of the interviews, as well as accurate recording of the events and their implementations.

The results of this research were presented in the forms of 11 main categories and 1 core category along with a paradigm model, story line, and theoretical model. The findings indicated that "transnational market development" as the final phenomenon was the center of gravity for marketing activities through social media. This phenomenon included both economic dynamics within the companies and social relations between the companies and customers. The possibility of considering network markets in this article was based on the efforts of the companies to distribute products and not limit their customers to a single geographical location, which required using social media for introducing their products. Building this type of market in the heart of social networks always requires strategies that will bring up results after applying those strategies. Finally, it should be stated that profit-based motives that companies and businesses try to achieve through media marketing cause the dynamics governing the network market. In this sense, it should be said that their actions and reactions are purposefully focused on profit. These goal-oriented rational actions exist in all stages including assessment of social needs, production, advertisement, distribution, competition, branding, and social interactions with customers.

The aim of the current research was to analyze the growth contexts of social hope in the national media. This qualitative research used a grounded theory (GT) method. The target population was the managers of the country's national media and provincial networks (Tehran and Ilam), using theoretical and purposive sampling, 21 of them were selected for in-depth interviews, and the sampling process continued until the complete information saturation stage. After converting the data into text, they were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding, the results of which were presented in the form of 12 main categories and 1 core category along with the story line and paradigm model. The obtained results showed that "media-oriented social hope" as the central phenomenon of the research follows a set of causal conditions, including specialized functions in the media, qualitative development of programs, redefining happiness in the media, expanding social awareness, providing a common understanding of goals. , supporting families is built along with a set of contextual and intervening conditions. The built social hope carries strategies such as reconstruction actions by the national media and brings consequences such as development and confidence creating and individual growth and development. The paradigm model and story line provide a better understanding of the above results.

In line with the increasing developments in the field of media and especially with the dominance of social networks, attitudes and social life have also changed. The collection of these developments has challenged traditional tools and media and highlighted the need to adopt transformational approaches and approaches appropriate to the current social situation. For example, the pulpit, as a traditional media network that has social, cultural and especially political functions, faces challenges with the epidemic of virtual networks and structural and behavioral changes in Iranian society. Is. Considering the institutional and functional importance of the pulpit in the political and social field of Iran today, the present study has explained and approached the pulpit media approach in contemporary times. For this purpose, using the research process method, to analyze the discourses produced by two contemporary pulpits, including Mohsen Gharaati and Naser Rafiei, and to examine the approach of persuasion applications, methods of generating motivation and their audience has done. The results showed that political discourses, social ethics as well as narrative applications are the most important persuasive and motivational applications and the youth spectrum considered as the most prominent examples of rhetoric. From an epistemological point of view, given the generational changes in the youth spectrum and the dominance of social networks, it seems that the persuasive and motivational uses of the pulpits need serious consideration.

Rumor and its impact on human social life has always been important. In recent years, with the expansion of cyberspace, the conditions for spreading rumors have been facilitated. This study has analyzed the narrative of the Yazdian youth from the prevalence of rumors in cyberspace. This study was a qualitative research was performed according to grounded theory. The participants was the youth of Yazd, 24 of them were purposefully selected and studied through interviews, and open, axial and selective coding was used to analyze them. Based on interviews with young people, 43 concepts, 20 first categories, 14 second categories, 5 core categories (rumor prevalence, rumor belief, rumor credibility, rumor enhancement and rumor attenuation) and the phenomenon of "The razor's edge of the news malfunction in cyberspace" are constructed. It turned out that shows paradoxical space and so-called two edges of function and malfunction information in cyberspace. The results showed the negative view of young people on cyberspace and news published in this context, and the best way to reduce the impact of rumors and their dissemination is to inform and promote media literacy of the audience.

The present study investigates the contexts and processes of media literacy model formation for high school students.

This research employed the qualitative method of grounded theory. The sampling method was theoretical and purposeful through which 21 teachers and education activists were selected for in-depth interviews. The theoretical sampling process continued until the data reached saturation. The collected data were transcribed and analyzed using open, axial and selective coding. Line by line analysis was used at the open coding stage, followed by concepts development and abstract representation at the axial and selective coding stages.

Based on the findings, the construct of “education-oriented media literacy” was selected as the final core category, and based on the paradigm model, "taste of reality" was considered as a concept that students would understand after gaining the media knowledge. The taste of reality reveals itself to the students as the consequence of the whole process of learning media literacy. This result is achieved by applying the media knowledge to understand the facts underlying the media data. The taste of reality is mainly constructed as the result of factors such as employing qualified teachers, teaching media literacy in schools, forming participation-oriented classes in the new geometric space, and updating the content of the media literacy courses as well as a set of contextual intervening factors. In addition to creating tastes of reality, the education system helps the students understand the existing reality more easily by employing strategies, such as the use of up-to-date methods in teaching the media literacy, directing the lives of the student networks, and controlling and monitoring the discourse over the media. The outcome of applying the above strategies for the media literacy education system and understanding the reality will be the formation of a critical thinking and a critical view among the students towards the media and various information in them.

Media literacy is the result of the interaction between thr higher management and policy levels, middle executive levels and lower individual levels. These three levels interact with each other continuously in a system to shape the education-oriented media literacy. The end result of interaction within the system is the construction of education-oriented media literacy, and the overall outcome and feedback, which indicates the proper and positive functioning of the system, delicately reveals its taste of social reality to the students.

To achieve proper production in agricultural products, it is necessary to find suitable cultivation areas in terms of climate, geography and other parameters involved in growth and production. In this research, the possibility of cultivation and zoning of safflower susceptible areas in Dez basin has been investigated. For this purpose, water, soil, air and physiological information of the plant through library resources and opinions of experts of Khuzestan Agricultural Jihad Organization have been used for the study classification. Then, the effect of each factor on safflower yield was determined using AHP method. In order to locate and zoning the potential points of cultivation in the study area, the ordinary kriging model in GIS software environment was used. The results of data processing showed that 3% of the basin lands are in the appropriate range and 70% are in the medium range suitable for safflower cultivation.

Today, the Iranian government is in greater need of tax revenues due to economic sanctions and declining sales of underground resources. But tax evasion and tax evasion is one of the obstacles that has challenged most countries, including Iran, in collecting real taxes. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with the aim of identifying the state of taxation and taxation and the factors that play a role in its occurrence, with a qualitative approach and the method of grounded theory. In this way, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 financial managers of large manufacturing companies and 7 experts of the General Department of Taxation of Yazd Province. Simultaneously with data collection, their analysis was followed through three processes of open, axial and selective coding. The results of this study show that the tax staff and taxpayers have become alienated from the ideal tax and voluntary taxation at the theoretical and practical level. As a result of their actions and other conditions, the credibility of the organization and the value and meaning of taxation are questioned and the inverse tax-inverse taxation inversion is represented. But through strategies such as culture-building at the objective and mental levels, we can see the deconstruction of the organization's credibility and the taxpayers' trust and motivation for voluntary and committed taxation.

The present study aimed to offer a model to gain sustainable competitive advantage on the basis of positive psychological capital. The approach in the study is a mix of quantitative and qualitative with a pragmatic paradigm approach. From purpose view, it is an applied research and the method selected for the study is descriptive survey. Participant of the survey were managers and elites of National Iranian Petrochemical Company (NIPC) and some other companies active in petrochemical industry and were selected using nonrandom sampling method. In qualitative section of the study, data collected from semi-structured interviews with 17 elites in the industry were analyzed, using qualitative content analysis method in AtlasTi.8, and all conceptual model and concepts were extracted. In quantitative section, data were collected using questionnaires and the final research model was evaluated and prepared using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. SEM results in AMOS26 software showed that positive psychological capital affects sustainable competitive advantage through direct and indirect impact on other variables, as social capital, human capital, intellectual capital, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), knowledge management and innovative work behavior. So, to achieve sustainable competitive advantage, positive psychological capital plays the pivotal role comparing other human resource capitals. Social capital is the second most important variable in this regard. The study findings include different indices and factors effective in achieving sustainable competitive advantage and present of an optimized model to reach sustainable competitive advantage on the basis of positive psychological capital in NIPC.

As a source of government revenue for the provision of various social, welfare, and cultural services, taxes have a long history. With regard to their role in the economic and social developments of societies despite the lack of desirable and a voluntary tax payment behavior, it is necessary to identify the social contexts of tax payment so as to encourage trust and public participation in this process. Thus, this study aimed to explore the social contexts for tax payment behavior and identify the conditions and factors that play a role in increasing or decreasing public trust and participation in it.  

To meet the purpose of the research and achieve a deep understanding of the social context concerning this issue, an interpretive paradigm and qualitative approach was employed based on the grounded theory. The theoretical purposive sampling was used to select the participants. The financial managers of production companies in Yazd Province in Iran, who had lived experiences of the context and consented to participate in this research, were selected as the target community. 13 managers with different ages and work and management experiences participated in the study. The data obtained from the interviews were transcribed and analyzed as soon as they were collected so as to reveal the relevant ambiguous and sensitive points and obtain the final theory; thus, the researcher could pay more attention to them in the subsequent interviews. Sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. At the open coding stage, the text was analyzed line by line (sometimes word by word) and the annotations and additional explanations were written as comments in the Microsoft Word file in the margins of the interview text and the attached concepts. In the next stage, the obtained concepts and subcategories were reduced to the main categories and the core category was constructed in relation to the main categories and subcategories obtained from the previous two stages based on a fixed comparison technique. Finally, to show the structure and process of the discovery and construction of the core category, a paradigm model was drawn up, which consisted of 5 sections: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, axial phenomenon, strategies, and consequences. Throughout the process, we adhered to the ethics and scientific principles by maintaining confidentiality of the information and using nicknames for the participants, besides observing other ethical considerations, such as participant’s consent and non-manipulation of data. 

The research findings indicated 29 main categories and one core category entitled "tax value inversion". Based on this paradigm model, the evidence from the participants' narratives and theoretical design of the research was presented. The research results demonstrated the formation of axial phenomenon called "tax evasion/compulsory taxation". In this way, the actors were faced by a situation that involved coercion and mutual distrust, especially institutional distrust. Accordingly, they were reluctant to pay taxes and even avoided paying them. They made various justifications and excuses to legitimize their tax evasion, resulting in the reduced amount of the paid taxes. However, once they failed in their tax evasion, they were forced by the tax officers to pay them. In general, it could be said that a number of micro and especially macro factors played a role in directing either a voluntary or evasive tax behavior. Both cultural factors, such as a weak tax culture, taxpayers' misconceptions of the tax system functions, and their intentions, and structural and macro factors, including political, economic, and social conditions, played roles in the voluntary or odd taxpayers' performance. For example, the results indicated that economic anomalies, self-interpretation of laws, lack of transparency of tax laws, and structural corruption played significant roles in the taxpayers' increased dissatisfaction and tendencies to evade taxes. Also, it could be said that one of the excuses and justifications made by the actors and taxpayers for tax evasion was a kind of covert protest against the structural conditions of the society, such as political distrust, social despair in improving the situation, expanded injustice, and lack of transparency in taxation and economy. In fact, taxation has lost its value and meaning and become as an anti-value in tandem with the improper structural conditions of the society, economy, and culture. All these have led to collective/national disorder, reproduction of anomic distrust, and very little development in tax systems.

Media literacy can be considered as strengthening media experiences. The media has a great impact on the health of people, including children. However, so far this issue has been understudied and scientific evidence is needed to make a decision.This study aimed to investigate roles of students’ media literacy on their health.

This study is a literature review with systematic search. Different electronic databases were used for a comprehensive literature search, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE to identify the records that match the mentioned inclusion criteria published from Januray 1st of 1990 to December 2020. The search resulted in 32 articles, of which 22 articles were removed (3 were not available, 12 were irrelevant, 7 were duplicates). Ten articles met the selection criteria and were included in the review. Exclusion criteria were those not published in peer reviewed journals, articles that address only one of the topics of media literacy or student health, and the age group of the subjects was over 18 years old or the students were not studied in primary and high school.

This study showed that media literacy is effective on students' behaviors. These behaviors promote health or high-risk behaviors.  the main studies have been conducted on nutrition, obesity, health tips, smoking, drug addiction and alcohol consumption.

It is concluded   that the media has a great role in the health of students and this issue has been proven in previous studies. These effects both improve students' health and increase risky behaviors. Therefore, there is enough evidence for managers to decide to launch.

Communication is one of the most important tools of civilized society and it can be said that communication is the most important factor of human development and excellence. As communication is vital for civilized human beings, it is vital for organizational operations, the formation and survival of the organization. One of the challenges facing communication is not addressing the role of ethics in this issue. Ethics in organizational communication is not only related to the individual, but also is highly regarded by organizations, companies and professional institutions. This study with a review approach examines the studies and research of the past twenty years and tries to extract Effective solutions and finding a study vacuum. Given the above and the studies and research done on organizational communication, it seems that ethics is considered as principles, values, ethics and beliefs that have a significant role in enriching the overall life of individuals in research is low. It shows that members of organizations are usually well aware that they must apply ethics in organizational communication to promote well-being and goodwill. When people apply these in organizations, they can not only create friendly and intimate relationships with other members, but also achieve organizational goals (organizational performance and job satisfaction) and improve the overall structure of the organization. Give

This study aimed to analyze the causes and consequences of the networked life of the youth of Yazd by investigating their activities in virtual social networks, as an attempt to explore the paths through which these networks direct the users’ performance. It also tried to interpret the causes and consequences of the expansion of networked life as well as the strategies adopted by the youth to cope with it. To ensure theoretical sensitivity, the theories of Giddens, Manuel Castells as well as the Network Theory were examined.

The qualitative methodology with the Grounded Theory approach as well as the theoretical and purposive sampling method were utilized. Twenty youths of Yazd were selected for in-depth interviews. The interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. After each interview, the recorded conversation was transcribed and analyzed. In the data analysis process, line-by-line analysis was used for open coding, and as the concepts developed and became abstract, axial and selective coding steps were simultaneously applied on the text. Ethical considerations such as lack of violation, informed consent, privacy, anonymity and confidentiality were complied with. A total of about 50 hours of interviews were conducted, the duration of which ranged from 95 to 160 minutes. Pseudonyms were used to meet the anonymity criterion, and the participants' private information was protected in order to meet the confidentiality criterion. The validity of the research findings was confirmed via long contact with the research environment and continuous observation in the research field, peer exchange, adequacy of references, rich description, and approval of the participants. The research reliability was confirmed by complying with the principles and rules of a favorable interview and recording and implementing the entire events. Ethical considerations were also observed and the reflection process was performed before, during and after the interviews.

The results revealed that the networked life of the youths under study was mainly an outcome of factors such as communication and entertainment, network activities, occupational/educational dependence on cyberspace, (mainly psychological) dependence on cyberspace and under the influence of a set of underlying and intervening factors. Youths adopt different strategies against their networked life. Account blocking, removing the hassle of filtering, and displaying true identities are among the strategies activated among young users. Besides, the networked life has been associated with consequences such as the collapse of family power relations, the breakdown of family relationships, and the fluidity of values, behaviors, and attitudes. This process was presented based on a grounded theory in which the interaction of the constructors of networked life and reflexive currents were shown.

In line with Giddens' theory, the new networked life has given rise to new relationships in the lives of individuals and families in such a way that the crushing wheel of modernity has made citizens reflect on many values and attitudes and turn to a radical, repetitive and pervasive reflection.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the content of related articles in the field of knowledge sharing. This research was conducted in the form of qualitative content analysis by using Grounded Theory qualitative Technique. The statistical population was consisted of various internal and external scientific articles on knowledge sharing from 1388hijri and 2009AD. For this purpose, 61 articles that directly examined the topic of knowledge sharing , entered the process of analysis after analyzing the Casp.Coding the articles was performed based on qualitative content analysis of articles and using the MAXQDA software. Finally, with the studies performed, there were 355 codes in these articles related to knowledge sharing, which led to the identification of 13 main variables and 39 components, each had its own indicators. The results showed that the most important factors mentioned in Knowledge Sharing Articles are organizational circumstances related to the organizational context as well as external and internal motivations for knowledge sharing. Finally, based Grounded Theory Technique, the identified variables were catecorised in six general classification and final model which provide the connection between components in order to share knowledge in the organization.

In the ceramic tile industry, like other industries and companies, in order to increase competition in the market, they need capable human resources to comply with the requirements and principles of professional ethics. Based on this, the purpose of this study was to design a model to evaluate the effective factors in the excellence of human resources in order to develop professional ethics in the tile and ceramic industry of Yazd province.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive in terms of data collection from the survey branch. First, the initial and proposed model was drawn based on the research background and literature. The statistical population in the present study includes three groups of experts and specialists, information and data and personnel of the ceramic tile industry in Yazd province.At first, a panel of experts (15-20) people were selected and dynamic and key variables affecting the model were identified through semi-structured interviews.While collecting statistical data and financial information, a questionnaire was prepared using the opinion of experts and measured using factor analysis, and then distributed among the personnel of the ceramic tile industry (about 22,000 people).Using Morgan table, 373 people were selected as a sample. Then, according to the data collected using powerful Wesim software, the model was simulated in three stages and then validated.

The results of nonlinear mathematical model, which was analyzed by computer simulation using Vensim software, show: Factors affecting the excellence of human resources are factors inside and outside the organization, and accordingly, scenarios were described in order to promote the variables affecting the excellence of human resources and with the aim of developing professional ethics.

The simulation results show that managers can increase the ability of employees, futures research, attention to exports and reduce the influence of the supervisor by presenting policies such as Employment control, strong and modern marketing, and the policy of eliminating growth patterns and the perspective of developing professional ethics achieve this important goal. Also, attracting managers with ethical leadership styles and having appropriate educational and research experiences and increasing the excellence of human resources based on the development of principles of professional ethics in the industry leads to Increase commitment and loyalty to the system, service motivation and ultimately improve the performance of ceramic tile personnel.

Cultivation of agricultural products faces various constraints such as climatic constraints. In any climatic and geographical conditions for the cultivation of different crops requires a preliminary study of suitable cultivation conditions and location. The main purpose of this study is to identify areas prone to sunflower cultivation in the Dez Basin. For this purpose, after determining the study area, the effective factors in plant cultivation were determined using library resources and the opinions of experts. Then the effect of each factor on the yield of sunflower plant was determined using AHP method. In order to locate and zoning the potential points of cultivation in the study area, a ordinary kriging model was used in the ARC GIS software environment. The results of data processing showed that 29.5% of the basin lands are in a very suitable range, 69% in a suitable range and 1.5% in a suitable medium range for sunflower cultivation.

In this research, estimation of the Runoff Coefficient (RC) is carried out depending on land cover. Initially, RC modeling was performed using 54 hourly rainfall and corresponding runoff data during the period 1987–2010 in the Kasilian watershed. Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models and effective factors including rainfall intensity, Φ index (the average loss), five-day previous rainfall and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were used to estimate RC. The results showed that the ANN model was more efficient than the other two models and had Mean Bias Error (MBE), Coefficient of Determination (R2), Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) equal to 0.08, 0.85, 0.84 and 0.37, respectively for the training phase and 0.12, 0.76, 0.74 and 0.47 for the test phase. In general, it is suggested that RC plays a major role in hydrological mechanisms and flooding. Thus, optimal estimation of RC can be helpful in better management of soil and water conservation and erosion and sediment management in this area.

Introduction Due to the increase in population and the inappropriate temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation, the implementation of dam construction projects is essential. This, along with the increasing abstraction of water and discharge of wastewater and sewage, has caused the river ecosystems to be negative affected by dam construction projects. In dam construction, more attention is paid to the needs of drinking, agriculture, and industry, and less to the environmental flow of rivers. In order to maintain the ecosystem, however, it is necessary to determine the environmental requirements of the dams downstream.   Methodology There are various methods for determining the environmental flow of the river, including hydraulic, hydrological, comprehensive, etc. The use of a combination of modern sciences and other conventional methods in this field has been widely used. In this study, taking into account the environmental needs of downstream and using the new integrated hydrological method of Tennant and simulating the river BOD parameter using Qual-2k model and solving game theory (calculating the Nash function), the optimal amount of environmental flow of the Karun river was estimated under three different quantitative and qualitative scenarios.