m. sadeghi

Marital violence is a social and psychological problem which has profound and negative effects on individuals' mental and physical health and can lead to a desire for separation and divorce, and consequently negative consequences for couples and children. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on marital violence and the desire for separation in couples seeking divorce.

The present study applied a quasi-experimental, semi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test structure, including a control group. The statistical sample consisted of 40 individuals selected from all couples seeking divorce in Yasuj, Iran, who were referred to family counseling centers in the first three months of 2023. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two groups of 20, comprising the ACT-based couples therapy group (10 couples) and the control group (10 couples), which did not receive any treatment. Before and after the therapeutic interventions, participants responded to the Zarei Divorce Desire Scale and the Couple Abuse Questionnaire developed by Ghahari and colleagues. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests, specifically Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).

Results from the MANCOVA indicated that ACT-based couples therapy positively impacted the reduction of marital violence and its dimensions, including physical and emotional violence, in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). However, it did not have a significant effect on reducing sexual violence. The effect size for the reduction of marital violence was 0.281, with a greater impact observed on physical violence. Additionally, ACT-based couples therapy positively influenced the reduction of the desire for separation and its dimensions (desire to exit the relationship and desire for reconciliation) in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05), and its effect was (0.773).

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) can effectively reduce marital violence and the desire for separation among couples by focusing on the acceptance of negative emotions and thoughts and enhancing commitment to shared values and goals. This approach provides couples with tools to address their emotional challenges in a healthier manner and improve their relationships.

Syntactic foams consisting of vinyl ester resin hollow glass microspheres (microballoons) are used in many marine or air structures due to their low density, high stiffness/density ratio, and ability to absorb energy. In this research, pure vinyl ester resin with three different volume percentages of 20%, 40%, and 60% of glass microballoons was produced by molding and casting method. The effect of the percentage of microballoons on the density, compressive, and tensile properties of foams was evaluated. The density measurement of the foams showed that with the increase in the percentage of glass microballoons, from 0% to 60% by volume, the density decreased from 1.04 g/cm3 to 0.563 g/cm3. The results showed that with the increase in the percentage of microballoons, the compressive and tensile strength of the foams decrease, but the specific compressive strength (compressive strength to density ratio) of foams increases. The highest tensile strength is related to the vinyl ester resin without microballoons with a tensile strength of 40 MPa. The specific compressive strength of foams increased from 76 MPa.cm3/g to 98 MPa.cm3/g by increasing the percentage of glass microballoon from 0% to 60%.

Ascorbic Acid (AsA) is a water-soluble antioxidant that makes plants resistant to environmental stresses by neutralizing free radicals. However, it is unknown to what extent this antioxidant may help Improve Irrigation Water Use Efficiency (IWUE) and reduce the adverse effects of water deficit on mung bean growth and yield. In an attempt to clarify whether exogenous application of this antioxidant could alleviate the adverse effects of water deficit on mung bean plants, two seasons (2019 and 2020) of field experiments were conducted using twelve combinations of three AsA levels (distilled water as a control and 10 and 20 mM of AsA) and four irrigation water amounts (25, 50, 75, and 100% of the plant water requirement). Based on the results, the maximum IWUE was obtained with W50AsA20 in the two seasons. The beneficial effect of AsA application on IWUE was determined under water stress conditions (W50). High water deficit (W50) plus applying 20 mM ascorbic acid, i.e. W(50)AsA(20) treatment, improved seed yield about 43.7% as in the two seasons compared to high water deficit without ascorbic acid, i.e. W(50)AsA(0). In 2019 and 2020, water saving in W(50)AsA(20) compared to the control, was equal to 50% (2,550 and 2,500 m3 ha-1, respectively). In W(50)AsA(20) treatment, the increase of seed yield ranged between 79-107% in both seasons. Thus, the results reveal the potency of AsA to save water under low water supply and increase yield in mung bean fields.

Evaluation of Size-Specific Dose Estimation (SSDE) by patient's weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) instead of Anterior-Posterior (AP) and Lateral (LAT) diameter measurements in patient's images for lung computed tomography (CT).

Before the examination, the weight and BMI of all patients were measured and calculated. All AP and LAT diameters were measured from the axial images, and localizer and conversion factors (fsize) were calculated based on them. Volume Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol) and Dose Length Product (DLP) values were also recorded from the patient's examination summary. In this way, different SSDEs based on effective diameter (SSDEeff), water equivalent diameter(SSDEw), AP diameter (SSDEAP), LAT diameter (SSDELAT), sum of the AP and LAT diameters (SSDEAP+LAT), AP diameter in scout view (SSDEAPscout) and LAT diameter in scout view (SSDELATscout) are obtained. By Pearson statistical test the correlation between patients' BMI and weight with all types of SSDE calculation methods was examined.

There was a statistically significant correlation between all measured and compared parameters, but the most correlation between BMI and weight with SSDEs was obtained with SSDEeff (R=0.825, P<0.05) and SSDEw (R=0.777, P<0.05), respectively. Also, the correlation between BMI and effective diameter (deff) (R=0913, P<0.05) is the highest among all types of diameters measured. The correlation of BMI with SSDEw and water equivalent diameter (dw) was (R=0.807, P<0.05), (R=0.909, P<0.05), respectively.

There seems to be a significant correlation between BMI andf_size so that we can estimate patients' SSDE without measuring AP and LAT diameters, even before a CT scan.

Nursing is one of the professions that is associated with many psychological injuries due to frequent contact with the pain and suffering of patients. Considering the shortage of nurses in the world, it is very important to pay attention to health needs in different dimensions, especially in the psychological field. The purpose of this article is to review the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions on nurses' psychological injuries.

The present study is a review study using the information available in internal information databases such as; SID, Magiran, PubMed, Google scholar, with the keywords “Mindfulness Interventions”, “Nurse”, and “psychological injuries” were searched among the articles from 2003 to 2022. The inclusion criteria were articles related to the topic of this article. 17 articles were searched by searching keywords and finally 8 articles were used in this research.

The results of this review article showed the positive effects of mindfulness interventions on the psychological health of nurses. In studies, the effect of these interventions are reducing stress, depression, job burnout, emotional exhaustion, and increasing mental and social well-being, self-love, life satisfaction, life expectancy, and resilience. Discussion and

Considering the positive effects of mindfulness interventions on nurses' psychological health, it is suggested that policymakers, managers and health care organizations use mindfulness-based interventions as a non-drug prevention and treatment method for many psychiatric disorders in nurses consider working in hospitals.

Dermoid cysts or mature cystic teratoma are one of the most common benign ovarian tumors. In this study, a case of rare ovarian dermoid cyst containing hair, teeth, bone and intestine is reported.

Case Report: 

The patient is a 36-year-old woman who referred with abdominal pain, nausea and change in menstruation since 2 months ago. The pain was not related to menstruation and there was no tenderness in the abdomen. Diagnosis of the mass was performed with ultrasound and MRI, and a cystic mass was detected in the right and left ovary. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgery. During the operation, the right ovary and the left ovarian cyst were removed completely and without damage. The dermoid cyst of the right ovary contained hair, teeth, bones and nails. The patient was discharged 1 day after the operation, and no complications from the surgery were reported in the follow-up. In the pathological examinations, intestinal tissue was seen in the cyst, which is important, so this case was reported.

According to the results of this reported case, intestinal tissue may be present in dermoid cyst. Complete resection is recommended in these patients.

One of the most significant and common methods for early detection of breast cancer in the world is lymphoscintigraphy. In clinical trials, [99mTc]Tc-phytate has shown remarkable results for the detection of metastatic axillary lymph nodes prior to surgery. It is expected that the introduction and development of an appropriate alternative radiopharmaceutical including 67Ga for lymphoscintigraphy will be an important deal in the clinic as the half-life of 67Ga is longer than that of 99mTc (78.25 hours versus 6 hours). Radiolabeling of phytic acid with 67Ga is conducted in this study. Based on radioactive thin layer chromatography (RTLC), the radiochemical purity (RCP) was estimated at >99%. The final product represented satisfactory stability under human serum conditions, which was calculated to be greater than 89% during 3 days of study. Pre-clinical studies confirmed the urinary system as the main excretion route for radiopharmaceuticals. A human estimation dosimetry study based on preclinical data was also presented.

Today, treating women's sexual diseases is considered one of the essential issues of strengthening the family system and, by its very nature, the strengthening of the social system. Achieving this requires performing physical and psychological treatments. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of transcranial direct stimulation and schema therapy on anxiety, pain, cognitive flexibility, and selective attention in women with vaginismus.

The current research was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population was female patients with vaginismus in Tehran in 2021. 30 people were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The data collection tools were Kettle's Anxiety Questionnaire (1973), Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2) (2009), and Semantic Stroop Test (1935). The experimental group underwent transcranial stimulation intervention (10 sessions of 20 minutes) and schema therapy intervention (10 sessions of 90 minutes). The control group did not receive any interventions. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of the covariance test.

The results showed that anxiety, pain, and selective attention have decreased due to direct transcranial stimulation and schema therapy interventions (p<0.05). Also, due to transcranial direct stimulation and schema therapy interventions, cognitive flexibility has increased (p<0.05).

It seems that the present study's findings provide an empirical support for these two treatment methods in the treatment of vaginismus disorder. The awareness of health psychotherapists about these treatments can probably help overcome this disorder.

Parenting is a multifaceted task and the way in which parents fulfill this task plays an important role in children’s growth and development, especially in early childhood. Although there are a large number of parenting questionnaires, considerable disagreement exists about how to best assess parenting. Most of the instruments only assess limited aspects of parenting. Hence, it is necessary to identify the core constructs of parenting and to elaborate and clarify their cognitive components. Conceptualization and measurement of key parenting constructs constitutes an elementary component of research on child and family development. In order to overcome this shortcoming, validation of a comprehensive general parenting questionnaire in Iranian community was done by focusing on assessing a wide range of multiple parenting behaviors simultaneously. This questionnaire (CGPQ) assesses parental behaviors in five key construct of parenting (Nurturance, Overprotection, Coercive control, Behavioral control, and Structure). The study design was descriptive. The sample consisted of 416 Iranian parents and caregivers of 5- to 13-year-old children who were selected by convenience sampling method and completed an online survey. Factor analysis methods and Item-Response modeling techniques were utilized. The results demonstrated that the reduced questionnaire (containing 80 items) revealed a good fit. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a five-factor structure (composed of 80 items). Internal consistency of these five domains of parenting was within the desired range. Based on the findings, the Persian version of the Comprehensive General Parenting Questionnaire has desirable psychometric properties and can be used as a suitable instrument in Iranian society.

Due to the disadvantages of using chemical materials as pretreatment before grape drying, the application of non-chemical methods that not only take the environmental issues into account but also increase the drying rate and improve the quality of the produced raisins is vitally important. The high-humidity hot air impingement blanching (HHAIB) is one of the non-chemical methods that can be used as a suitable alternative for chemical pretreatment in grape drying. In this research, the design, construction, and evaluation of a high-humidity hot air impingement blanching system are discussed in terms of the drying kinetics of white seedless grapes. The results are compared against the control and chemical pretreatment.

High-humidity hot air impingement blanching (HHAIB) system
The HHAIB system is composed of the steam generator, steam transfer pipes, side channel pump, closing and opening valves, air recycling channel, electric air heater, hot-humid air transfer channel, pretreatment chamber, hot-humid air distribution chamber, nozzles, temperature and humidity sensors and controllers. The performance of the system depends on the humid air temperature, the output fluid velocity from the nozzle, the distance of the nozzles from the product surface, as well as the diameter and arrangement of the nozzles. In order to achieve optimal design of the nozzle array, the relationships existed for the heat transfer coefficient, air mass flow, and blowing power were considered.Application of the HHAIB pretreatment and evaluation of its effect on the grape drying processExperiments were conducted to investigate the effect of temperature and duration of HHAIB pretreatment on the kinetics of grape drying. A two-factor completely randomized factorial design with three replications was used to analyze the data.According to the studies, the air at temperatures of 90, 100, and 110°C, a velocity of 10 m s-1, and relative humidity in the range of 40-45% was applied to the product. Pretreatment durations of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 s were also considered. Experiments were conducted with three replicates and control treatment and acid pretreatment were used to compare the drying process. Due to the high quality of shade-dried raisins, this method was used to study the process.The effect of the pretreatment duration on the drying kinetics of white seedless grapes was assessed by observing variations in moisture ratio and drying rate over time, as well as determining the effective diffusivity of water.For the color evaluation of the produced raisins, chroma (C), hue angle H°, and total color difference (ΔE) parameters were calculated after measuring L*, a*, and b* values.

The comparison of the drying process among the control, chemical, and HHAIB showed the positive efficacy of HHAIB on the drying rate of grapes. Compared to fresh grapes, the increase in drying rate under the influence of HHAIB varied from 8% for a duration of 30 s at 90°C to 68% for a duration of 150 s at 110°C. The values of the diffusion coefficient of grapes for the HHAIB pretreatment at temperatures of 90, 100, and 110°C and durations of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 s, as well as for the control and chemical pretreatments were determined. The values of the coefficient changed from 2.28×10-10 m2 s-1 for 30 s of applying pretreatment at 90°C to 3.53×10-10 m2 s-1 for 150 s of applying the pretreatment at 110°C. The highest value of this coefficient (7.46×10-10 m2 s-1) was associated with the chemical pretreatment. The value of the diffusion coefficient increased with increasing temperature and duration of the HHAIB pretreatment. In general, this increase in the drying rate and the diffusion coefficient can be attributed to the effect of the HHAIB pretreatment on the texture and destruction of the cell wall, as well as the microcracks created on the skin of the grapes. Moreover, the findings reveal that, in comparison with the hot air temperature, the duration of the HHAIB pretreatment was more effective in enhancing the drying rate. Additionally, based on the color analysis, a temperature of 110°C and a duration range of 90-150 s were achieved as suitable conditions for applying pretreatment.

The HHAIB pretreatment, which combines the benefits of hot air blanching with jet technology, affects the texture and skin of grapes, accelerates the drying process, and increases the quality of the produced raisins. However, the correct application of this pretreatment depends on the proper design of the system and appropriate conditions, including duration, temperature, and relative humidity. The results of drying kinetics showed that the drying rate increased with an increase in the temperature and duration of the pretreatment. The findings indicate that the HHAIB pretreatment could improve the color indices of the raisins, resulting in an increase in the drying rate and acceptable quality of the final product. This provides a basis for the use of HHAIB on larger and industrial scales.

Persian Road Surface Markings (PRSMs) recognition is a prerequisite for future intelligent vehicles in Iran. First, the existence of Persian texts on the Road Surface Markings (RSMs) makes it challenging. Second, the RSM could appear on the road with different qualities, such as poor, fair, and excellent quality. Since the type of poor-quality RSM is variable from one province to another (i.e., varying road structure and scene complexity), it is a very essential and challenging task to recognize unforeseen poor-quality RSMs. Third, almost all existed datasets have imbalanced classes that affect the accuracy of the recognition problem. To address the first challenge, the proposed Persian Road Surface Recognizer (PRSR) approach hierarchically separates the texts and symbols before recognition. To this end, the Symbol Text Separator Network (STS-Net) is proposed. Consequently, the proposed Text Recognizer Network (TR-Net) and Symbol Recognizer Network (SR-Net) respectively recognize the text and symbol. To investigate the second challenge, we introduce two different scenario. Scenario A: Conventional random splitting training and testing data. Scenario B: Since the PRSM dataset include few images of different distance from each scene of RSM, it is highly probable that at least one of these images appear in the training set, making the recognition process easy. Since in any province of Iran, we may see a new type of poor quality RSM, which is unforeseen before (in training set), we design a realistic and challengeable scenario B in which the network is trained using excellent and fair quality RSMs and tested on poor quality ones. Besides, we propose to use the data augmentation technique to overcome the class imbalanced data challenge. The proposed approach achieves reliable performance (precision of 73.37% for scenario B) on the PRSM dataset . It significantly improves the recognition accuracy up to 15% in different scenarios. Since the PRSMs include both Persian texts (with different styles) and symbols, prior to recognition process, separating the text and symbol by a proposed STS-Net could increase the recognition rate. Deploying new powerful networks and investigating new techniques to deal with class imbalanced data in the recognition problem of the PRSM dataset as well as data augmentation would be an interesting future work.

Under water friction stir welding (UWFSW) is one of the modern and advanced manufacturing technologies of solid state joining and it is used for welding a wide range of materials. The energy-efficient technique used to the 6061 aluminum alloy joint and it has been demonstrated to be an effective method to improve the mechanical properties of joints. To illuminate the characteristics of underwater FSW, the microstructural evolution and its effect on mechanical performance of an underwater joint were investigated in the present paper. This work compared the parameters of normal friction stir welding (FSW) and UWFSW on the weld joint. In this investigating FSW used in underwater environment, for this operations research pin covered and shielded from contact water by hollow shaft spin (HSS), the HSS controlled the heat conduction of pin and disconnect with water, applying for the first time a novel underwater FSW technique developed in various industries. The metallographic exams indicate that weld nugget grain size has been decreased. The mechanical testing illustrated that hardness and tensile strength have been increased, on the other hand the percentage of elongation and impact energy have been diminished.

Optimizing cell culture conditions to improve oocyte growth and maturation in vitro culture conditions has been the focus of many researchers today, but the quality improvement mechanism is not fully understood. Apoptosis or programmed cell death is a process to remove old and damaged cells from tissues and plays a major role in the life of follicles and immature oocytes. Most of the defective reproductive cells as well as extra cells are removed from the ovaries through apoptosis. One of the ways to reduce oxidative stress in the laboratory culture of oocyte maturation is the use of antioxidants. Statins are drugs for the treatment of high cholesterol for which antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties have been reported. Atorvastatin in high doses has side effects for the heart and kidneys, but in low concentrations, it has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects for cells, and no side effects have been reported for it.In this study, we investigated the effect of low-dose atorvastatin on the rate of apoptosis in mouse oocytes. 

24 h after PMSG (Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin) inhection, 200 oocytes were obtained from adult female Wistar rats at the age of 4-5 weeks, were from were divided into 2 groups of 100 including the control group (MEM:Minimum Essential Medium culture+ Growth factor) and the atorvastatin group (MEM culture medium + 2 mg/kg atorvastatin+Growth factor) and cultured in the incubator(35 oC,CO2 %). After 24 hours of oocyte culture, Matured oocytes that met the standards of a healthy mature oocyte(oocytes that were in the first meiosis and had the first and mature polar body) were isolated the amount of apoptosis in each group was checked using tunnel staining and fluorescent microscope, the data were analyzed by variance analysis.

After 24 hours of oocyte culture, the amount of apoptosis in the group receiving atorvastatin in the culture medium and the control group was investigated. The rate of apoptosis in the atorvastatin group and the control group was 24% and 22%, respectively, In the atorvastatin group, apoptosis increased by 2% compared to the control group butt the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p =0.11).

According to the findings of this study, atorvastatin in low doses can have a pro-apoptotic effect and cause partial induction of apoptosis in mouse oocytes in a laboratory environment. Although this study was not conducted on other doses of atorvastatin, it is suggested that the effect of other doses of this drug on the rate of apoptosis induction should be investigated in order to make an evidence-based decision regarding its administration and use.

One of the most important hydraulic structures in a dam is the spillway. The design of the ogee spillway crest is based on the lower profile of the free-flow jet passing through the sharp-crested weir. When the downstream ogee spillway profile for the design discharge conforms to the lower profile of the free-jet passing through the sharp-crested weir, the pressure on that surface of the spillway becomes zero. In this study, the design of the ogee spillway was performed initially based on both two- and three-dimensional numerical modeling and then compared to the USBR standard method. The comparison of the final numerical and analytical results showed that although the vertical two-dimensional outputs were completely in agreement with the USBR standard profile, the three-dimensional profiles were different because in this model, guide walls were not considered. According to the analysis, if the flow entering the spillway is parallel to its axis, the lower profile of the sharp-edge spillway will be in complete agreement with the standard profile. Since, the design of guide wall geometry for ogee spillways is carried out using physical modeling which iteratively revises during a high-cost trial and error procedure, this research based on the case study of the spillway of Karun-3 dam has been tried using numerical modeling. The closest geometry to the geometry of the overflow guide wall was obtained which creates the least difference in transverse velocities. In this way, the design of guide walls can be done with more accuracy and low cost in comparison to physical modeling.

Superimposing high power ultrasonic vibration on metal forming processes changes the mechanical behavior of the material and reduces its flow stress. These phenomena improve the ductility of material and reduce forming forces. To investigate the influence of ultrasonic vibration on various materials, standard compression and tensile tests under ultrasonic vibration could be performed. This research investigates the compression behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy under superimposed ultrasonic vibration. For this purpose, a special set-up was designed, fabricated and tested. Ultrasonic vibration is transmitted from the ultrasonic transducer to the booster and then guided by horn (punch) to apply to test sample. Horn geometry, vibrational mode shape and ultrasonic power were selected as input variables. The effect of specimen position in system vibrational mode shape was studied by using different ultrasonic transmitters, which allowed the specimen to place at node and anti-node positions. It is found that ultrasonic vibrations reduced the formability of this alloy. Acoustic hardening phenomena do not observe in this material. Also, flow stress of the material reduced under ultrasonic vibration up to 17.63% which has direct relation to ultrasonic power. In addition, the most efficiency was observed when the specimen placed in the node position.

The present study aimed to evaluate the materials, methods, and equipment used by general dentists in southeastern Iran for endodontic treatments in 2021.  

In this cross-sectional study, 121 standard questionnaires were distributed among general dentists in Rafsanjan city, Iran. The questionnaire included demographics and questions regarding the type of materials, methods, and equipment selected by general dentists. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using the Chi-square test and ANOVA.

The response rate of the participants was 83%(n=100); of which, 55% were females and 45% were males. Only 28% of dentists performed pulp vitality tests, and 46% performed sinus tract tracing in case of infection. Cotton rolls were used by 71% for further isolation, apex locator and radiography were used concurrently to determine the working length by 62%, and canal preparation was done by rotary and manual files by 48%. Rotary M3 and ProTaper files were more commonly used by dentists. Electric rotary handpieces were used for canal instrumentation by 64%, and rotary orifice shapers were more commonly used for canal flaring (61%). The most commonly used obturation method was lateral compaction. Most general dentists used formocresol-impregnated cotton pellets for pulpotomy (43%). Half of the dentists used saline for canal irrigation. Calcium hydroxide was the most commonly used intracanal medicament (87%), and 53% used polymerized sealers.

General dentists evaluated in this study violated some of the standards and need to take more training courses.

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe.) is a spicy medicinal plant with antioxidant, antitumor, and anticancer properties. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ethanol extract of fresh ginger rhizome on inhibiting HCT-116 colon cancer cells and the expression of TGFBR2 and DDC genes as tumor suppressor genes and β-Actin gene as reference gene. HPLC analysis was used to identify and measure the amount of 6-gingerol in the extract. Toxicity of different concentrations of the complete extract (0, 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, and 500 μg.ml-1) on the HTC-116 cell line was investigated using the MTT test, 16 and 24 hours after the start of the test (at 16 and 24). The expression of TGFBT2, DCC, and β-Actin genes was assessed by RT-PCR after treatment with concentrations of 150 and 300 μg.ml-1 of the complete extract at 16 and 24 hours. The amount of 6-gingerol was obtained 86.2 ± 2.03 mg per 100 g dry weight of ginger ethanol extract powder based on the HPLC results. The MTT test results showed that IC50 was 80.44 at 16 h and 473.19 at 24 h. Cell mortality was significantly increased at concentrations of 150 and 300 μg.ml-1 of the extract. Also, expression of the TGFBT2 and DCC genes increased at 150 μg.ml-1 at both 24 and 16 hours significantly (P<0.01). The present research proved the ginger extract effect on tumor inhibitory genes induction in HCT-116 colon cancer cell line.

In this research, squeezing fragility due to thermal bath, in quantum squeezed state generation, is simulated. For this purpose, single mode dissipative cavity with non-zero second-order susceptibility is used. Cavity nonlinear medium is driving by laser pump with known frequency, and pairs of identical photons are created, with one-half frequency of driving pump. This process known as degenerate parametric down conversion. In the absence of any dissipation, simulation shows linear time dependent squeezing parameter, which is in agreement with theoretical results. In two photon loss of cavity in contact with cold reservoir, competition between gain and two photon loss, results in stable squeezing of initial vacuum, in steady state of system. At the end, has been shown that, non-zero thermal reservoir, omits the squeezing and leads the final cavity field to the thermal mixture of Fock states.

Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles has made many developments to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Many parameters such as size, concentration, type, and intracellular position of nanoparticles, as well as type and energy of the radiation source, affect the sensitivity. In this study, the effect of the presence of gadolinium in the cell has been investigated, and the role of these physical parameters has been evaluated in the dose-enhancement factor (DEF). Using Geant4 software, different distributions of gadolinium nanoparticles (GdNP) and gadolinium atoms were simulated inside a cell. The sources of low energy (25 keV- 80 keV) and high energy from linear electron accelerator (Eave =2 MeV) were irradiated to a single cell, and the dose was obtained in its membrane cytoplasm, and the nucleus was calculated. Then, the effect of its size and X-ray source energy on the DEF value was investigated by simulating a nanoparticle. At the cellular scale, a rapid increase in DEF occurred after the Gd K-edge. The lowest DEF is in the core. The maximum DEF belongs to the distribution of Gd atoms in the cytoplasm and the distribution of Gd nanoparticles in the membrane with the values of 1.20 and 1.17 at 52 keV, respectively. At 2 MeV, the DEF in all distributions is close to 1. At the nanoscale, it was also found that the highest DEF was related to nanoparticles with a radius of 50 nm. Also, the DEF value increases sharply after the Gd K-edge, but at 2 MeV, the DEF value approaches 1.

SG Cast Iron can be utilized advantageously as working materials in a number of devices which can contribute significantly to an environmentally clean energy technology. In this investigation microstructure and mechanical  properties of ferritic-pearlitic spheroidal graphite (SG) cast iron is improve by continuous heat treatment and addition alloying of  trace amount of  tin has been study. Two standard Y-block was designed by in-mold process. Calculations and simulation were accomplished before molding by the Sutcast software. In each experiment, different chemical analysis were applied. The cooling curve of solidification was recorded by the datalogger with labview software and using S-thermocouple (Pt-Rh) attached into the mold. Then Y-block was shakeout from molds and cooled in the air standard specimen were machined for doing mechanical and metallographic exams. The metallographic exams has been indicated that with increasing the rate of shakeout time, the percentage of pearlite in microstructure has been increased. The mechanical test illustrated that with increase the rate of shakeout time, hardness and  tensile strength have been increased, although the percentage of elongation and impact energy have been diminished

In this paper, advanced manufacturing and eco-friendly welding between AISI 409 finned to high pressure T22 boiler tube produced by "High-frequency resistance welding (HFRW)" process has been studied. The current development in the power generation industry is HFRW clean energy contributes to the resolution of the greenhouse effect. HFRW technology was implemented on actual samples by changing multiple parameters. Meanwhile metallography of weld bond, tensile strength and hardness tests were performed on several sections of the samples according to international standard finned tube.  The diffusion zone indicating the schematic of weld width and weld depth of finned tube observed under the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) which is used for analyses width are that the weld width must be ≥ 90% of fin thickness which can be calculated at the weld interface, with applying optimum welding parameters. Moreover, as the pitch and fin thickness are reduced, the output transfer surface treatment in final process diminished. Hence, the parametric optimization HFRW and the higher quality of finned tube welding bond is revealed by the best conditions of fin pitch.

At the beginning of the pandemic, Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was one of the most widely used drugs prescribed to patients admitted to hospitals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We try to find the effect of HCQ on the severity and mortality of patients who did not receive corticosteroids.

In this retrospective study, patients with COVID-19 disease were collected from February 20, 2020, to July 21, 2020, at Rouhani Hospital in Babol. Patients were followed up until December 6, 2021. In this study, 170 patients in case and control groups were studied. We used logistic and COX regression models to explore the effects of drugs. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22.

The use of HCQ did not affect mortality (p=0. 46, 95%CI= 0.63 to 2.71, OR= 1.31) and final severity (p= 0.75, 95%CI= 0.59 to 2.06, OR= 1.10) at admission time. However, azithromycin remained in the final model but did not have a significant effect (P= 0.08, HR= 0.28, 95%CI= 0.06 to 0.18). Heparin use was not associated with severity improvement (p= 0.06, 95%CI= 0.97 to 2.81, HR= 1.65), while ceftriaxone remained a factor affecting severity in the model (p = 0.03, 95% CI= 0.29 to 0.95, HR = 0.52).

In this study, HCQ harmed mortality admission time and was ineffective in the long term. The use of ceftriaxone compared to other drugs showed protective effects against the mortality hospitalization time. Heparin is not recommended without considering the risk of bleeding in COVID-19 patients.

Nowdays, chitosan hydrogels are widely used due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, cheapness, antibacterial and non-toxic properties. Chitosan hydrogels are made of various crosslinkers, which most of them are toxic and hazardous. Due to many applications of the hydrogels in medicine, drug delivery, tissue engineering and food industry, it is better to use safe and non-toxic crosslinkers in order to produce chitosan hydrogels. Vanilla is a natural and non-toxic aldehyde that can be used as a crosslinker. In addition, vanilla enhances the antimicrobial and mechanical properties of chitosan hydrogels. This paper reviews the various properties and applications of the chitosan-vanilla compound, including applications in antimicrobial and anticancer agents, drug delivery, metal ion absorption from water, perfume production and food preservatives and agricultural coatings.

Background: Optimizing anesthetic management for the best possible outcome is essential in kidney transplantation (KT). Objective: To evaluate the difference in grafted kidney function and early kidney transplant outcome when the pairs of donor-recipient were anesthetized with isoflurane compared to propofol. Methods: Thirty-eight pairs of kidney transplant donor-recipient were anesthetized with isoflurane, and 22 pairs were anesthetized with propofol. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were assessed in the preoperative period, on the first postoperative day, before discharge from the hospital, and 6 months after KT. Short-term (6 months) outcomes of KT were assessed by the incidence of delayed graft function, acute rejection episodes, and graft failure. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the serial measurements of SCr, BUN, eGFR, and the early outcomes (6 months) after surgery. Interestingly, donor warm ischemic time in the propofol group was significantly longer than in the isoflurane group (4.05±1.02, 2.93±0.87 minutes, respectively) (p=0.001). Moreover, postoperative hospital stay in the propofol group were significantly shorter compared to the isoflurane group (9.63±2.96, 11.78±4.91 days, respectively) (p=0.02). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in transplanted kidney function and the early outcome of kidney transplantation between the two study groups. However, earlier hospital discharge after surgery in the propofol group suggests that propofol may be a more appropriate anesthetic choice in these patients.

The growth of contaminating microorganisms in food products causes serious diseases in humans, and the use of lactic acid bacteria to control these contaminants is a promising and developing method. In this study, lactic acid bacteria were isolated from traditional yogurts and a total of 140 isolates were isolated. The probiotic potential of these lactic acid bacteria including resistance to acidic conditions, resistance to bile salts and sensitivity to ten important antibiotics were investigated and then bacteria with probiotic potential were used to inhibit food pathogens. The measured halo diameters of the bacterial medium were measured and recorded, and the antimicrobial properties of the strains were compared. ARDRA technique was also used to identify the strains. The results showed that all strains have excellent tolerance to pH 2.5 and bile salt of 0.3% and isolates Numbers 12, 100 and 102 are recognized as the most resistant strains against studied food pathogens. Findings from this study showed that yogurt samples are an important source for the production of bacteria with probiotic potential with antimicrobial activity and can be used against food pathogens.