negin jabbari

The objective of this study was to design and validate a model of supportive actions that effectively enhance the academic achievement of social workers' clients. Given the importance of academic progress in improving the quality of life for these individuals, this study aimed to develop a comprehensive model to support better educational outcomes. 

This study employed a qualitative research design, conducted in two phases: design and validation. In the design phase, grounded theory was used, with 20 experts selected through snowball sampling from among professors in Educational Sciences and senior managers in the educational system. In the validation phase, 22 experts from the Department of Education and the Welfare Organization of Golestan Province were purposively sampled. Data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding, and the proposed model was validated through the Delphi method in three stages using SPSS software. 

The findings revealed a paradigmatic model comprising 10 main categories and 24 subcategories, organized into five domains: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and outcomes. The model identified factors such as social responsibility, religious beliefs, prevailing societal culture, and government support as key influences on the academic achievement of social workers' clients. 

This study presents a comprehensive model of supportive actions that can serve as a practical framework for improving the quality of social work services and enhancing the academic outcomes of social workers' clients. By considering the multifaceted and complex factors that affect academic progress, this model assists social workers and educational institutions in developing and implementing more effective supportive programs.

The purpose of the present study was to design and validate a model of supportive actions affecting the health and academic success of clients. The research method was mixed. Methods and Materials: The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of professors in educational sciences, educational management, and curriculum planning in higher education institutions, as well as senior managers of the education system and the State Welfare Organization. In the validation section, senior and middle managers of the Golestan Province Department of Education and the State Welfare Organization, along with experts in this field in the province, participated. In the quantitative section, senior, middle, and operational managers from the Golestan Province Department of Education and the State Welfare Organization, totaling 250 individuals, were included. In the qualitative section, 20 experts were selected using the snowball sampling method; in the validation section, 22 experts were selected by purposive sampling; and in the quantitative section, 152 individuals were chosen using stratified sampling and Cochran's formula. For data analysis, grounded theory with open, axial, and selective coding was applied in the qualitative section with semi-structured interviews as the tool. In the validation section, the Delphi method was used over three stages with a checklist for expert evaluation, and SPSS software was utilized. In the quantitative section, structural equation modeling was conducted with a 105-item questionnaire using Smart PLS software. For validity and reliability determination, in the qualitative section, necessary checks such as acceptability (expert review) and confirmability (expert verification) were used.  In the validation section, the content of the expert evaluation checklist was confirmed by five academic and organizational experts for comprehensibility and clarity, and its reliability was calculated and confirmed with a test-retest method, resulting in a score of 0.84. In the quantitative section, the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed through three face, content, and construct validity (convergent validity range between 0.563 and 0.676, and divergent validity greater than the correlation of the construct with other constructs). Reliability was also estimated and confirmed by three calculating item factor loadings, Cronbach's alpha for components (ranging from 0.766 to 0.874), and composite reliability (ranging from 0.851 to 0.908).  Based on the results of the qualitative and validation sections, the paradigmatic model consisted of 10 main categories (dimensions) and 20 subcategories (components), including causal conditions (responsibility towards society, religious and spiritual beliefs, social and security disorders, and cultural and physical abnormalities), contextual conditions (prevailing culture in society, people's awareness and knowledge, government support, and government-public relations), intervening conditions (mass media and social media advertising, benchmarking, the performance of non-governmental organizations, and the performance of relevant governmental organizations), strategy (social culture-building, justice orientation, economic policies, and sustainable development plans), and outcomes (scientific advancement, physical health, mental health, and public satisfaction). The quantitative results showed that all dimensions and components of the research model were confirmed.

We aimed to determine whether collagen membrane coverage in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery, provides an advantage regarding bone regeneration.

This randomized clinical trial included all healthy adults presented for dental implant placement in the posterior edentulous maxilla at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad, Iran from 2021-2022. Participants were candidates for sinus floor elevation surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to control (with membrane) and test (without membrane) groups. Surgery was performed through the lateral window technique and using allograft particles. According to the assigned study group; either a collagen membrane was placed over the osteotomy window or it was left uncovered.  Six months after surgery when patients were recalled for implant placement, a bone specimen was obtained and sent for histologic and histomorphometric analysis. The predictor variable was the use of collagenous membrane and the outcome variables were the amount of newly formed bone, native bone, and connective tissue.

A total of 30 consecutive patients, with a mean age of 46.33±7.25 years completed the study. Histomorphometric measurements, six months after augmentation revealed that the mean area of connective tissue was significantly less in the group with membrane coverage (P=0.015). The area of newly formed bone was significantly greater in sites covered with a collagen membrane compared to grafted but uncovered sites; (P <0.001).

Covering the lateral osteotomy window with a bioabsorbable collagenous membrane is able to significantly enhance vital bone formation and decrease connective tissue proliferation.

In educational systems including higher education, the teaching reflective plays an important role in teaching and learning. As a result, the purpose of this study was to designing a paradigm model to train thinking in universities of medical sciences.

The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the academic experts of Medical Sciences Universities all over the country in the academic years 2020-2021. According to the theoretical saturation principle, 18 people were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling methods, and what is more, data collection tool was a depth interview which its validity was confirmed by the expert review method and its reliability by the agreement coefficient method between the two coders was estimated 0.85. The coding method based on the paradigm model of ground theory in MAXQDA-2018 software was used for data analysis, too.

The findings showed that in the paradigm model of teaching reflective in universities of medical sciences were identified 62 indicators in 10 components; In conclusion, the causal conditions including students' inefficiency to overcome problems in complex situations and non-community-oriented functions of the medical universal system; underlying conditions including the allocation of special credits of educational methods’ modification; intervention conditions including the development of knowledge boundaries and attention to global issues in the field of medical sciences; central phenomenon including the development of reflective as a conscious and rational decision-making process; strategies including appropriate discourse, teaching problem-solving methods and designing and organizing curriculum elements; and consequences outcome including knowledge and development of individual competencies. Considering all of the above, a paradigm model of teaching the thinking in universities of medical sciences was designed.

Based on the results, to improve and enhance teaching reflective can be improved the components and indicators identified for them.

 In today's world, entrepreneurship and its tendency play an important role in the survival and development of organizations in turbulent and dynamic environments. Today, the development of entrepreneurship in order to strengthen innovation, initiative and risk-taking in organizations is one of the topics of interest in management literature. Organizational entrepreneurship is a process in which organizations recognize opportunities for growth and development and create new values for their stakeholders through innovation and reallocation of resources. Entrepreneurship is a type of behavior that includes initiative, organization, economic mechanisms to transform resources into opportunities, and accepting the risks of failure. This redistribution of resources and the use of economic mechanisms in organizations such as educational organizations is very important. The distribution of education, the limitation (and reduction) of the government budget, global competition and the changing demands of the knowledge-based economy have caused higher education institutions to pay more attention to economic development and entrepreneurial activities; But doing entrepreneurial activities spontaneously does not make the university an entrepreneurial university. It can be said that the university is an entrepreneur only when it adds value to education and research and vice versa. (Hosseini et al. 2017) Academic entrepreneurship refers to the actions and efforts that universities and university industry departments make in order to commercialize the outputs and results of their academic and scientific research. (Nasrasafhani and Ghaffari 2013) In other words, an entrepreneurial university is a university where scientific entrepreneurship can create a force for economic growth and cause competition in global markets. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in universities.

 The research method is applied from the objective point of view and content analysis from the data collection point of view. The statistical population included experts and experienced people in the field of management and entrepreneurship with academic and managerial experience. The statistical sample in a targeted and judgmental way includes experts who have a master's or doctorate degree or doctoral students who have at least 10 years of service and are among the selected entrepreneurs in the University of Medical Sciences. Based on this, 20 elites were interviewed according to the law of data saturation. The method of data collection was interviews and the means of collecting in-depth and semi-in-depth questions from the interviewees. Although getting concepts from the data is the main characteristic of the interview analysis strategy, in this strategy the creativity of the researcher was also a fundamental component. Simultaneously with data collection, free coding was done. This means looking at the data line by line and knowing the processes in it. For this purpose, each interview was reviewed several times by the researcher and the paragraphs with integrated and coherent meanings that resulted in a category were separated from each other. Then, in each paragraph, the concepts were discovered and named using the words used by the interviewees. To measure the validity and reliability of the qualitative research, reliability was used, which consisted of four more detailed concepts: credibility, transferability, verifiability, and reliability.

 According to the findings of the research, it can be said that the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in universities include the structure of the university, including the components of decentralization, knowledge sharing, independence, agility, and professionalism; The dimension of innovation and social innovation, including the components of innovation culture and networking and communication capabilities; The dimension of higher education strategy includes the components of organizational structure and university governance, support tools and entrepreneurship drivers, the dimension of support and encouragement includes the components of university attitudes towards entrepreneurship and positive market attitudes towards entrepreneurs, the dimension of development infrastructure factors including components of entrepreneurial competencies, curriculum planning and teaching-learning process; The dimension of social values factors includes the components of society's potential, expectations from the university, society's policy, the dimension of systemic education including the components of context, input, evaluation and development, and consequences; Next, innovative financial sources include the components of financing institutions directly from the government, financing students and families/indirect financing from the government, the financing system based on the pre-purchase of products and services, the financing system based on the order of products and services, The financing system is staff-oriented and the financing system is input-oriented.

 This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in universities. In the last decade, there has been a significant emphasis on the public policies of universities in the field of knowledge transfer, both in developed and developing economies. In the modern era, the social environment of the university has been significantly enriched and new agents have entered the system. Concepts such as competition, production, quality and effectiveness have entered the short-term and daily activities of universities, and the long-term functions of universities as independent institutions have been questioned, and universities have been exposed to economic and political pressures. The activities of the university have crossed the traditional borders due to the connection with the level of economic-social development and expands new ways to develop this interaction between each other. Perhaps the most important of this interaction is business, which is playing the role of an economic engine and at the same time is the most important consumer of knowledge. The findings of the researchers and the consensus on the effective factors in the development of entrepreneurship in universities show that the entrepreneurial attitude is one of the possible solutions for combining universities with the complexity of economic mechanisms.

The classroom is one of the smallest and most effective educational units, and the management of the classroom is important due to the creation of the teaching-learning process, therefore, learning strategies in line with classroom management for the educational dynamics of learners and the educational capability of teachers require the use of management styles. They are efficient. The present study has been conducted with the aim of classroom management style with an interactive approach of self-regulation learning strategies in the health system. The present study is a review study that was conducted during three stages of screening by searching in information databases: Magiran, SID, Barakat Knowledge Network System, Google Scholar, Pubmed during the years 1394 to 1401 with The keywords of class management, class, management style, learning strategy, learning, self-regulated learning, health system were searched. In the initial screening, due to the use of the keywords class and class management, the number of articles found was very wide, but by limiting the terms to class management and self-regulated learning, the number of Persian and English language articles was reduced to 263 articles. After the initial screening of the articles related to classroom management in the health system and self-regulated learning, it was separated from the classroom, management and learning articles. In the next stage, the specialized criteria of the articles such as classroom management in medical sciences, self-regulated learning, and classroom management style were examined. Farsi and English articles whose full text was not available were removed from the scope of the search. In the next step, unrelated articles were screened. The result of the step-by-step search and screening were 96 articles and books, and finally 18 Persian articles and 15 articles. English speakers, who met the entry criteria and content intercourse with the purpose, were included in the study. The result of the search was 33 articles. The results showed that classroom management is one of the most important trends in classroom management in the health system, in line with the application of learning styles and the development of curricula by integrating management style and learning style. It is recommended that all classic and modern methods should be developed in the direction of classroom management because the classroom is the first level of educational management and requires the use of a correct and efficient teaching-learning process.

The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating and identifying the challenges of applying research findings related to education in Golestan province. The research method was qualitative. The statistical population of this research is all officials related to the field of education research in Golestan province and researchers who have worked in the field of education. The snowball method was used to select the sample, and 10 officials related to education research in the province were selected and semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with them. In this research, with the aim of validating the research process and ensuring the quality of the data and interpretations made, a combination of interpretative research evaluation criteria including reliability, transferability, verifiability, truthfulness, comprehensibility, generality and controllability was used. The results of this research showed the main challenges of applying research findings in Golestan province have four main dimensions. These challenges are in order of importance: Lack of financial credits, lack of budget and opportunities in the economic dimension, Giving less importance to research and the weakness of culture building in trusting the path-breaking of research, the lack of local experts and experts in the cultural dimension, Politicization of education and some legal loopholes in terms of law and politics, Inefficient management of the research field, lack of a coherent information system, lack of a long-term plan and vision for research, concentration of the educational system in the aspect of management and decision-making.

Today, due to being in the 21st century, the discussion of virtual learning and the appropriate culture with it has become very important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to providing a virtual learning culture pattern in higher education centers.

This study in terms of purpose and implementation method was applied and descriptive from type of qualitative, respectively. The current study population were experts of higher education institutions who were aware of the research field, and number of 12 of them were selected as a sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation and with using purposive and snowball sampling methods. The research tool was semi-structured interview, whivh whose validity was confirmed by triangulation method and its reliability was calculated by Cohen's kappa coefficient method 0.89. To analyze the data of this study were used from open, central and selective coding methods.

The findings of this study indicate that for virtual learning culture pattern in higher education centers were identified 49 concepts, 8 components and 2 categories. In the current research, the categories were included the category of structural factors with five components of software and hardware infrastructure, design and management of virtual learning interactions, platform and virtual learning environment, virtual learning development and operational support ability and the category of behavioral factors with three components of culture building, individual attitude and motivation of learners. Finally, the categories and components pattern of virtual learning culture in higher education centers was drawn.

The results of the present study can contribute to better awareness and cognition of the virtual learning culture in higher education centers and higher education specialists and planners based on its categories, components and concepts can take an effective step towards improving the virtual learning culture.

The ability to manage conflict plays an important role in the teaching profession. Therefore, the purpose of the current research was to design a conflict management model based on the professional experiences of secondary school teachers in North Khorasan schools.

This was an applied study in terms of its purpose and qualitative in terms of its method. The research population included secondary school teachers of North Khorasan province in the academic year of 2018-2019. A total of 17 people were selected by purposive sampling method and according to the theoretical saturation, and were subjected to semi-structured interviews. Content validity and reliability was 0.86 based on the expert's opinion and 0.93 using inter-rater agreement coefficient. Open, axial and selective coding methods were used for data analysis.

Data analysis led to the emergence of 209 primary concepts and 18 secondary concepts in 5 categories for the conflict management model based on the professional experiences of secondary school teachers in North Khorasan schools. The categories include active coping (with 5 secondary concepts of problem solving, information acquisition, seeking social support, negotiating and technology management), passive coping (with 5 secondary concepts of acceptance, emotional adjustment, keep work and home life separate, reframing and avoidance), reinforcement and management of relationships (with 4 secondary concepts of strengthening interpersonal communication, meeting expectations, paying attention to emotional needs and creating fun and entertainment), strengthening religious beliefs (with 2 secondary concepts of resorting to spirituality and developing morals and values) and developing personal growth (with two secondary concepts of self-analysis and going beyond personal needs). Finally, the conflict management model was designed based on the professional experiences of secondary school teachers in North Khorasan.

According to the concepts and categories identified for the conflict management model based on the professional experiences of secondary school teachers, they can be used to improve conflict management and improve the position of the organization.

One of the new topics in organizational behavior management is dealing with moral-emotional acting and the factors affecting it. The aim of the current research is to identify and rank the antecedents affecting ethical-emotional acting in education.

This research is applicable in terms of purpose, which was done with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) with an exploratory design. In the qualitative part, the qualitative content analysis method was used with inductive approach, and in the quantitative part, the descriptive-survey method was used. The participants in the qualitative part were the high-level education managers of Golestan province, and the statistical population in the quantitative part included the education managers of Golestan province. The sampling method in the qualitative part was purposive sampling method (N=20) and in the quantitative part it was stratified random sampling in which 270 people were selected as a statistical sample for investigation. The research data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. Data analysis was done in the qualitative part through coding and in the quantitative part through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS 22 software.

The results showed that the antecedents affecting ethical-emotional acting have 2 dimensions; "individual antecedents and organizational antecedents". Individual antecedents have 3 components; "knowledge and information, personality traits and motivation" and organizational antecedents have 4 components; "organizational culture, ethical atmosphere of the organization, organizational structure and leadership and management".

According to the results of the research, paying attention to the factors affecting moral-emotional acting will lead to the growth of positive organizational behaviors and the institutionalization of ethics in the organization.

This research was conducted with the aim of exploring and ranking the intellectual capital factors affecting knowledge-based companies. The research was performed using a descriptive-survey method with a quantitative approach. The statistical population of this research consisted of 155 directors of knowledge-based companies, from whom 110 people were selected as samples using simple random sampling method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire . Opinions of experts and professors were used to ensure the formal validity of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was estimated to be 0.89 using a composite reliability criterion model. Data was analyzed using SPSS20 software and SMART-PLS software package by confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. The results showed that the intellectual capital components that affect knowledge-based companies can be divided in two groups, internal factors (entrepreneur characteristics, company strategy and characteristics of the company) and external factors (institutional environment, political environment, cultural/social environment, economic environment and the infrastructure environment). The final model of the intellectual capital factors influencing knowledge-based companies was confirmed by fitness indicators with an index value of 0.70 which for the designed model, shows a suitable fitting of the factor structure and the theoretical basis of the research.

The aim of this study was the role of political actors in the process of brain rotation in the educational system and model presentation.

In terms of nature and purpose, the present study was in the field of applied research, which was the role of political actors in the process of brain rotation in the educational system and model presentation. In this research, a quantitative research method was used. The statistical population includes all experts who have researched in the field of education, politics and sociology during the years 2019-2020 in North Khorasan province, including 522 people. Sampling method was selected through stratified proportional sampling in terms of region and using trained questionnaires, data were collected in person and the sampling volume using Krejcie and Morgan (1977) table was 192 people were selected. Data collection methods in this study were divided into two categories: library and field. In this study, an expert questionnaire was used to collect research data. In order to estimate the validity of the questionnaire, after calculating the CVR, the number 0.62 was obtained, so it was found that all the questions of the questionnaire had the necessary validity.

In the model obtained in the present study, priority consists of 3 dimensions, 13 components and 52 indicators, respectively. Dimensions of research Developing a model of human resource training based on the rotation of brains in the educational system and presenting a model that is considered and deals with the main structure of the research to achieve the desired result and what was the motive and causes and effects of the components of this elite movement process. . These dimensions are: 1- Effects of pattern on elite migration 2- Factors of elite migration 3- Motivation of model providers to intervene in elite migration.

The fact that the departure of elites from the cycle of service to society is a universal issue, in other words, this issue is not specific to a country or a group of countries. Today, developed and developing countries are grappling with this issue, but studies have shown important developments in this regard, in other words, traditionally selected people and the emergence of developing countries to the country. Developed countries migrated, but today, we are witnessing a wave of migration from developed countries to developing countries.

The aim of the present study was to identify the Effective Components of HRM for Efficient Labor Capacity at Islamic Free Universities in the North East of Iran.

The scientific model of this research was based on a qualitative interview with the University of Azarbaijan Azad and a selective method of targeting and snowballs. Finally, by referring to the experts, 20 qualitative interviews were conducted and using the Grendard theory to identify the components of human resources management in order to attract the efficient force, the necessity of each of the extracted model components for human resources management for efficient power absorption was investigated. The research was analyzed using coding method in three stages: open, axial and selective.

The results showed that the total number of nodes in non-repetitive codes was 110 in the two HRMs and 38 in the effective recruiting sector, based on the conceptual similarities of the combination of 77 nodes (common codes) in the HR department and 38 in the absorption Effective power has been extracted based on the intuition and understanding of the researchers from the subject and their share in the form of three main components related to human resources management, individual factors, organizational factors, environmental factors and 4 sub-components and efficient absorption in The template has three main components for providing employee information, delegation, payroll and 3 sub-components in the form of Tree nodes were categorized.

The main components of human resources management include personal factors, organizational factors, environmental factors, and the three main components of employee awareness trust in employees, and to justify the findings of this research can cite theoretical foundations and previous findings.

The present research was conducted aim to prioritization and presenting a model of the effective factors on virtual education styles.

This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in the qualitative section was the experts of virtual education which according to the principle of theoretical saturation from them 20 people were selected by available sampling method. The research population in the quantitative section was the Personnel of social security organization of Khorasan Razavi province in 2020 year which according to the Cochran's formula from them 281 people were selected by cluster sampling method.
Data were collected by methods of note-taking, semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire which the content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts opinion and its construct validity was confirmed by factor analysis and its total reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method 0.94. Qualitative data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding method and quantitative data were analyzed by Friedman test and structural equation modeling in SPSS-19 and LISREL-8.8 software.

The findings of the qualitative section showed that virtual education styles had 17 indicator, 5 concepts and 2 categories. The two categories included the content of organizational software (with two concepts of software quality and software quantity) and savings in virtual education (with three concepts of time saving, space saving and economic saving). The findings of the quantitative section showed that software quantity, time saving, economic saving, space saving and software quality played a greater role in virtual education, respectively. The model of effective factors on virtual education styles had a good fit and the content of organizational software and savings in virtual education had a significant effect on virtual education (P<0.05).

According to the results of the present study, it is necessary to design and implement programs to improve the virtual education styles by promoting software quantity, time saving, economic saving, space saving and software quality.

The aim of this study was to present a model of personal self-efficacy of secondary school teachers

  The method of this research was qualitative and the data theory theory paradigm model was used. The statistical population included experts, specialists, officials and experts on education and faculty members in the fields of educational management and psychology, Using purposive sampling method with maximum diversity to achieve theoretical saturation, 21 people were interviewed as semi-structured interviews. For validity and validity of the data, two methods of reviewing participants and reviewing non-participating experts in the research were used. The collected data were analyzed using MAXQDA software during three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding.

The findings showed that 27 general categories within the framework of the paradigm model, in three categories of effective planning and evaluation, environmental conditions and respect and motivational and social characteristics of the job (causal conditions), in seven categories of constructive interaction and ethics Teaching skills and teaching competence, decision-making and problem-solving skills, teacher morale and perseverance, classroom management, student involvement and application of teaching methods (central phenomenon of personal self-efficacy of secondary school teachers), in four categories of management style and facilities, Students’ motivation and skills, competitive environment and successful models and characteristics of teachers (background conditions), in four categories: system inadequacy, economic and cultural problems, educational and attitude challenges, and processes and standards (intervening conditions), in five Creating dynamic self-efficacy structures and centers, encouraging and increasing teachers’ skills, improving teachers’ motivation and commitment, and establishing professional systems in education (strategies), in four categories: improving teacher satisfaction and relationships between teachers and students, improving the quality of education and Teaching, reducing burnout and improving mental health, modeling self-efficacy and improving performance (PIA) Mods) has been extracted.

Teachers’ personal self-efficacy includes three components: self-efficacy for student engagement, self-efficacy for classroom management, and self-efficacy for teaching strategies

Reflection and teaching it play an important role in learning. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model of teaching reflection in universities of medical sciences.

Present research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of quantitative. The research population was PhD and Master students of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in the academic 2020-21 years, which according to Cochran's formula number of 384 people of them were selected as a sample by stratified sampling by observing the size of the faculties. Data were collected through a demographic information form and a researcher-made questionnaire of 40-item, which whose and content face validity were confirmed by opinion of 20 academic experts and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method 0.88. Also, data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS and AMOS software.

Findings showed that teaching reflection had three dimension of requires moving towards reflection (with two subscales of government and medical university education system challenges in the international dimension and government and medical university education system challenges in the national dimension), executive strategies for reflection development (with three subscales of appropriate discourse new discourse, problem solving methods and designing and organizing curriculum elements) and reflection consequences (with three subscales of knowledge development, individual competencies development and social competencies development, which the average variance extracted of all of them was higher than 0.60 and the reliability of all components with Cronbach's alpha and combination methods was higher than 0.80. In addition, the model of teaching reflection in universities of medical sciences had a good fit and this model had a direct and significant effect on all three dimensions of requires moving towards reflection, executive strategies for reflection development and reflection consequences (P<0.05).

According to the appropriate indicators for the model of teaching reflection, officials and planners of universities of medical sciences can use this model along with other models to improve reflection.

The aim of this study was to investigate the components of artistic intelligence and its impact on mental health (a mixed research). The research method was applied in terms of purpose and exploratory mixed method (a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods)

In the qualitative section, the statistical population included selected experts in the field of education organization of Mazandaran province with a history of management and policy-making, who were purposefully appointed to 17 people. In the quantitative part of the statistical population, including all high school students in Mazandaran province in the academic year 1398-99, the number was 124796. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, 375 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The method of collecting library information and the measurement tool in the qualitative part of the interview were semi-structured and in the quantitative part included a researcher-made questionnaire, the construct validity of which, using factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha, respectively, for intelligence, respectively. Arts and mental health were calculated to be 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. Method of data analysis in the qualitative part through triple coding of grounded theory method (open coding, axial coding, and selective coding) resulting from in-depth and open interviews with experts and in a small part of the KS test for normality of variables To answer the research questions, one-group t-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis and structural equations were used using SPSS22 and Amos softwar

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between artistic intelligence and its components (artistic talent, artistic attitude, artistic taste, artistic activity, artistic skills and art economics) with mental health in first grade high school male students in Mazandaran province

Also, the results of the research confirmed the fit of the conceptual model and a comprehensive model for artistic intelligence and its effect on mental health of first grade high school students in Mazandaran province was presented.

The purpose of this study was to provide a strategic business management model in private technical and vocational schools using interpretive structural modeling. The research method in this research is exploratory and applied in terms of purpose. The present study was conducted with a mixed approach. The required data were collected through library studies, interviews and distribution of questionnaires. The interviewees team included managers and experts of the Technical and Vocational Education Organization and managers and instructors of private technical and vocational schools in Golestan province, as well as theoretical experts including university professors in related fields. The number of experts was 25 based on theoretical saturation. Through qualitative content analysis, 12 components and 73 indicators were identified which were graded using interpretive structural modeling technique. According to the findings of this section, organizational attitude and management skills are at the seventh level, which is the lowest level of the model. The factor of creativity and innovation is at the sixth level, facilities and resilience at the fifth level, tuition and cost, advertising and marketing at the fourth level, apprentice value at the third level, human resource development at the second level, and finally efficiency, quality and competencies at the highest. Based on the research findings, it is suggested that technical and vocational education institutions use international service quality standards and existing models in this field to improve the quality of services of the institution under their supervision.

The aim of this research was investigate the role of social problem solving skills and classroom management in predicting job burnout of high school teachers in North Khorasan province. The present study design was descriptive from type of cross-sectional. The study population was the first and second secondary schools teachers of the of North Khorasan province in the 2019-2020 academic years with number of 6762 people. The research sample based on Cochran's formula was estimated 372 people who were selected by multistep cluster sampling method. The research instruments were the questionnaires of D’Zurilla & et al social problem solving skills (2002), researcher-made classroom management and Maslach & Jackson job burnout (1981). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS software version 21. The results of Pearson correlation coefficients showed that social problem solving skills (r=-0/45) and classroom management (r=-0/37) had a negative and significant relationship with job burnout of high school teachers. Also, social problem solving skills and classroom management were able to predict 31% of their job burnout changes, which in this predicting the share of social problem solving skills was higher than classroom management (p < 0/05). The results of the present study showed the effective role of social problem solving skills and classroom management in predicting job burnout of high school teachers. As a result, planning is needed to reduce their job burnout by improving social problem solving skills and classroom management. Therefore, officials and specialists in the field of education can use the results of this research and similar research to design programs to reduce job burnout of teachers and using qualified and capable professors to implement them in the form of in-service courses.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of artistic intelligence components on studentschr('39') mental health.

his study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection and quantitative in terms of method. The statistical population was all the first high school students in Sari city in the academic year 20-2019 that according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 361 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire of art intelligence with 55 items and mental health of Omidian and Alavi Langroudi with 46 items whose construct validity, using factor analysis method and reliability value through Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient, respectively. 0.94 And 0.92 were calculated. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between artistic intelligence and its components (artistic talent, artistic attitude, artistic taste, artistic activity, artistic skills and art economics) with studentschr('39') mental health. The components of artistic intelligence have a significant impact on mental health, as a total of 57% of studentschr('39') mental health is explained (predicted). Also, the artistic taste component has the largest share in predicting studentschr('39') mental health.

By creating the necessary opportunities, the necessary grounds for the flourishing of talents and the participation of all talented and artistic students can be provided, and by thanking and appreciating them and awarding prizes on various occasions. , Provided the grounds for their encouragement to develop their artistic skills.

The purpose of this study was to present a competitive intelligence model by explaining the role of virtual education in physicians of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The method of the present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of data collection. The statistical population in this study was physicians who were faculty members of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, whose number was 15 people. The statistical sample was determined purposefully based on data saturation. Theoretical foundations in this research were collected using library resources. In this research, using Strauss and Corbin method in Grand Theory theory and using questionnaire and interview, analysis was performed. The findings showed that the dimensions of competitive intelligence included business awareness, awareness of competitors' status, technological and technical awareness, and strategic and social awareness. Also, saving time, space, finances and health issues were all things that can help professors in the field of e-learning. The results showed that e-learning affects the dimensions of competitive intelligence including planning and focusing on competition, data collection, data analysis, transfer of results, process steps and construction.

The sterilization cycle is one of the most important parts of infection control. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to assess the quality of steam sterilization and compare the knowledge, attitude, and practice of clinical directors in dental clinics, based on the experimental work in one of the most important and famous dental departments and clinics in the Northeast of Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2017 in 84 dental outpatient clinics of Mashhad, Iran. The status of sterilization quality was evaluated using biological (BI) and chemical indicators (CI) and the results of a questionnaire. The participants include the technical manager and operator of the Autoclave, who were included in this study according to the inclusion criteria by stratified cluster sampling. Information on their knowledge, practices, and attitudes were evaluated. Also, BI and CI were used to evaluate the autoclave accuracy. The data were analyzed by Mann Whitney U, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and Fisher’s exact tests using SPSS (Version 19, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

In this study, the results of 69 (82.1%) biological test were negative. Based on the questionnaire results, 64 (76%) clinics used CI, and only 4 (5%) clinics used CI and BI to evaluate the sterilization quality. The mean scores of attitude (P = 0.001), knowledge (P = 0.001), and practice (P < 0.001) of the technical manager in dental clinics were significantly higher than those in outpatient clinics. Also, there was a significant association between the knowledge and practice of the clinics’ technical managers (P < 0.001).

According to the results, 93.3% of the clinics that had a positive biological test were outpatient clinics. Also, it was revealed that insufficient knowledge, attitude, and practice lead to imperfect sterilization. Also, the mean score of dentists was higher than that of general practitioners, therefore, in addition to suggesting training programs for managers, it is recommended that employ a dental practitioner as the technical manager of outpatient clinics. In order to control infection in clinics, it is recommended to monitor the sterilization process in clinics according to the instructions of the monitoring units.

The aim of this study was to predict mental health based on the components of artistic intelligence in junior high school students in Mazandaran province.

This research was applied and descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was all 124796 students in the first secondary school of Mazandaran province in the academic year 2019-20, which according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 375 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. The measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire of art intelligence with 55 items and mental health of Omidian and Alavi Langroudi with 46 items whose construct validity, using factor analysis and reliability through Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient, respectively, were equal. 0.94 and 0.92 were calculated. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis using SPSS23 software.

The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between artistic intelligence and its components (artistic talent, artistic attitude, artistic taste, artistic activity, artistic skills and art economics) with studentschr('39') mental health. Artistic intelligence components explain (predict) 61% of studentschr('39') mental health. Also, the artistic taste component has the largest share in predicting studentschr('39') mental health.

Artistic intelligence and art therapy as one of the tools to strengthen and discharge psychological emotions and an important factor in preventing mental illness and studentschr('39') health.

The present research aimed to provide a model of school managers' perception from the challenges of professional ethics in modern society. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The research population was in the qualitative part was education experts of Gorgan city with history of management and policy making which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 20 people were selected by purposive sampling method and in the quantitative part was the managers and deputies of the first and second period of high school of Gorgan city in the academic years of 2018-19 with number of 256 people which according to the Cochran's formula, 153 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collect data were used from semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire of managers' perception from the challenges of professional ethics that the validity of the managers' perception questionnaire with the method of average variance extracted 0.61 and its reliability obtained by Cronbach's alpha method and combination 0.94 and 0.87 respectively and validity of the challenges of professional ethics questionnaire was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis and average variance extracted and its reliability obtained by Cronbach's alpha method and combination of total and all factors higher than 0.60 and 0.70 respectively. Data were analyzed by methods of open, axial and selective coding and structural equation modeling in SPSS-22 and LISREL-8.8 software. The findings of the qualitative section showed that the challenges of professional ethics had 164 basic concepts, 38 open codes, 19 central codes and 9 elective codes. Knowledge (including three codes of up-to-dateness, comparative studies and knowledge dissemination), leadership (including two codes of paternalistic view and source of motivation), committed responsibility (including two codes of work commitment and efficiency), competitiveness (including two codes of competition law and advantage Competitive), development-oriented (including two codes of efficient rules of the Minister of Socio-Cultural Construction), constructive authoritarianism (including two codes of executive determination and constructive interaction) and futurism (including two codes of program-oriented and needs assessment). Quantitative findings showed that managers' perceptions had a direct and significant effect on professional ethics challenges and professional ethics challenges on all nine factors (P <0.05). According to the results, planners and officials to coping the challenges of professional ethics can provide the ground to improve the orbital legitimacy, orbital ethics, orbital scientism, leadership nature, commitment responsibility, competitiveness, development-oriented, constructive authoritarianism and foresight.

The purpose of this study is to identify the indicators affecting the business of technical and vocational institutes. The research method in this research is exploratory and applied in terms of purpose. The present research has been done with a qualitative approach. The method of data collection was field, i.e interview, and library method through reviewing the research literature. The sampling method is non-random. The study population consisted of experimental experts including managers and experts of the General Directorate of Technical and Vocational Education and managers and instructors of Private technical and vocational schools in Golestan province as well as theoretical experts including university professors in related fields. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview with 25 experts, which was finally saturated in an interview with the 18th expert. In order to determine the indicators, the data obtained from the interviews were analyzed by coding method. After that, to confirm the findings of the interview, 12 experts were consulted. The results show 90 indicators that classified into 4 dimensions of customer satisfaction with 3 components,"value", "fee and cost" and "advertising and marketing", organizational characteristics with 6 components, "attitude", "human resources", "competencies", "managerial skills", "processes" and "facilities", competitiveness with 3 components, "quality", "efficiency" and "innovation" and external factors with 2 components, "resilience" and "challenges".