rahim dabbagh

Road safety is a recognized global issue and according to the WHO, road traffic injuries are the eighth leading cause of death in all age groups, especially 5 to 29 years. Therefore, in this article, the road safety performance of Iran's provinces is examined.

This research was done using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method which is used in two deterministic and non-deterministic situations in order to evaluate road safety efficiency scores. This method gives scores (inefficiency) that allow road sections to be ranked appropriately in terms of being accident-prone. Uncertainty is one of the inevitable features of real-world problems, for which fuzzy theory and extend the DEA-RS model is used by considering its limitations as probability, necessity, and credibility constraints, and propose three fuzzy models such as possibility of DEA-RS (PosDEA-RS); necessary DEA-RS (NecDEA-RS); and the credibility of the DEA-RS (CreDEA-RS).

Three models which are extensions of the Data Envelopment Analysis based on the Road Safety (DEA-RS) model are proposed for evaluating road safety performance and the CreDEA-RS model is suitable for assessing the safety of roads in the provinces of Iran.

The results show that the provinces located in mountain and forest areas like Gilan have a lower performance in terms of road safety, and provinces located in desert areas like Yazd have a higher road safety performance.

National development is the result of local and provincial development. In today's era, which is known as the age of knowledge, local and provincial development takes place only within the framework of the provincial ecosystem of knowledge-based development. In many developed countries, universities are the most important actors and beneficiaries of this ecosystem. But the role and position of Iranian universities in this type of ecosystem is not very clear and it seems that they do not have a favorable role and position. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to verify this hypothesis. For this purpose, the technique of "stakeholder interaction analysis" and the study data of West Azarbaijan province have been used. The findings of the research show that the universities of West Azarbaijan province do not have a proper role and position in the knowledge-based development ecosystem of this province. In fact, such an ecosystem is very poorly formed in this province.

To study the main and sub-influential factors affecting the performance of banks in order to form the financial stability of the national economy and on the other hand in improving the optimal management of the banking system is of great importance. In the studies and evaluations of IMF economists, it is generally believed that the factors affecting the optimal performance of the banking system in the long run have profound effects on the economies of countries, on the other hand, banks play an important role in achieving macroeconomic goals. And their proper and optimal performance, which act as the economic stimulus of the country, has a significant role in advancing the macroeconomic goals of countries and is considered one of the important indicators of economic growth that failure to pay attention to this issue can lead to disruption. The balance of domestic and foreign accounts of the country and affect the performance of banks, in this regard, the banks themselves face a variety of risks that the study of these factors is also a priority. In a way that forces them to react and be sensitive and take the necessary measures to improve their performance and exposes the use of solutions recommended by international economic organizations and indicators of related economic models. The purpose of this study was to investigate the financial performance of banks by identifying the effective indicators and their interaction and evaluating the effectiveness and mutual influence of the main and sub-criteria affecting the financial performance of banks operating in the stock market. Sensitivity to market risk) and their sub-criteria with emphasis on the devaluation of the national currency through the exchange rate position during the years 2015-2020.

Today, with the complexity of important economic issues and the importance of speed in reaching the answer, in addition to classical methods, new techniques that have grown significantly in recent years, to solve many of these issues by optimizing methods to solve many Unknowns are provided. Based on the research background and factors of Kamels model, the main indicators and sub-criteria affecting the financial performance of 18 banks active in Tehran Stock Exchange were identified and in this regard, six main indicators and twenty-three sub-criteria affecting the performance of the banking system were identified. In the next step, twenty-three sub-criteria in terms of weight importance are compared with the degree of interaction and their relative importance, and their prioritization is measured based on the relative importance of the factors and because factors and variables are not independent of each other. On the one hand, the combined multi-criteria decision-making techniques used by DEMATEL and ANP are known as DANP, which is a well-known tool used in recent years to address various MCDM issues such as performance appraisal and selection of management strategies. Has gone and also cause and effect relationships between factors have been investigated. Then, with the combined decision-making methods of Demetel multi-criteria and neural network process, interactive communications and their weighting coefficients are determined.

Among the results are the priority of 6 main factors including capital adequacy, asset management, management ability, income, liquidity management and risk sensitivity and 23 sub-factors of bank size criteria, total facilities, total assets, lending facilities and receivables. From non-governmental entities, total income, inactive assets, other deposits, participation bonds, cash and operating profit and loss with weight coefficients were of great importance. However, in terms of comparing interaction and relative importance coefficient, the main index of sensitivity to risk was in the first place, but it was much less important. Among the sub-criteria, national monetary value, operating expenses, liquidity risk and bank size were more interactive but less important. Therefore, it is very important to prioritize these important influential factors in the strategic plans and executive actions of banks. From the results of internal communication, it was found that the six main indicators in terms of weight importance are the priority of capital adequacy, asset management, management ability, total income, liquidity management and risk sensitivity, respectively, while in comparison with the degree of interaction and importance. Their relative influences include risk sensitivity, asset management, capital adequacy, management ability, total revenue, and liquidity management, respectively. Comparing the results, it was found that the weight of the risk sensitivity index in the banking system is significantly different from the relative importance of it. And increase banking risks, which will have a negative impact on the performance of banks, and in this case, the implementation of monetary policies with market operations to improve the performance and increase the volume of deposits in the banking sector will be provided.

Senior managers of organizations are always looking for a solution to ensure the selection and implementation of more appropriate strategies, among which the Sustainable Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) is a comprehensive performance control with a set of financial sets. And non-financial, it provides a comprehensive view of performance, such as the environment and social responsibility. The aim is to use a combination of models to identify key influential indicators and performance affectivity to evaluate detergents in stable balanced scorecard scores according to a set of indicators and determine the dependencies between them, by a group of decision-makers. Data analysis and analysis using integrated techniques to determine the degree of preference of functional components over each other, including the new approach of stable balanced scorecard and due to the multifaceted relationship between options and indicators of multi-criteria decision-making methods (DANP) are used. The advantage of this approach is the attention to the relatively complex interdependence of factors affecting performance. For the main dimensions and criteria for evaluating the sustainable performance of the studied industry, it was found that environmental and social factors are the most influential and the factors of internal and economic processes are the most influential, as well as economic criteria (0.239), internal processes (0.21), social (0.188), learning growth (0.183), and environmental (0.178) are important in the strategies of this industry, respectively.

The banking system is one of the main pillars of any economic system and has the highest degree of influence on other sectors, and in the event of a crisis and bank instability, it easily spreads to other sectors and even to the macroeconomy. Therefore, the factors affecting bank stability should be identified and applied by the importance of each relevant strategy. The research method is descriptive and applied and to identify, influence and influence and prioritize and interact between factors affecting bank stability, the combined method of DANP in the period 2006-2018 has been used for 15 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (Mena). Based on the research background, 17 sub-criteria have been extracted in 5 main criteria. Examination of the factors affecting the stability of the banking system of the countries revealed that the external factors of macroeconomic and internal inflation are specific banking factors (net loan to assets and granting facilities), profitability (average return on equity), and banking risk (ratio of cash reserves to assets). Have had the most impact. Expanding the scope of analysis and explicit calculation for asset and risk management, especially credit risks (net loan to asset-to-payments ratio) and liquidity (ratio of cash reserves to assets) for bank managers and inflation control for macroeconomic sustainability is proposed by the central bank.

Nowadays, industrial environmental management with the aim of preserving the environment has become one of the crucial matters to industries. Rising global concerns about the negative effects of industrial activity have led to a variety of changes in governments' policies and strategies to improve environmental performance. Hence, it is very important to study the environmental performance of industries This study evaluates and ranks the Iranian provinces o in terms of environmental performance of industries, various dimensions. This research defines a multidimensional set of environmentally friendly manufacturing criteria by examining the various aspects of industrial activities impacts on the environment and also with the assistance of experts’ guidance for evaluating the industries at the provincial level. Then, we use a combined approach based on decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory technique and analytic network process (DANP) method to calculate the interactions between the research criteria and sub-criteria along with their influential weights. In the end, we utilize the additive ratio assessment (ARAS) technique to obtain relative utility coefficients (closeness coefficients) and ranking the provinces. Generally, this study concludes that industries in northwestern and southwestern provinces of Iran are more environmentally friendly than other provinces. In this evaluation, Bushehr, North Khorasan and Khuzestan provinces were ranked first to third with their relative utility coefficients of 0.488, 0.412 and 0.401, respectively.

Today, the rapid distribution of perishable goods is of particular importance and the loss of quality of these products creates many costs. In this research, an integrated model of supply chain network using mathematical planning method to optimize the production, storage and distribution plan of fruit with the aim of reducing costs for several periods is presented. The echelons in this chain include suppliers, sorting centers, cold stores, customers and waste customers. The goal is to determine the amount of fruit purchased from suppliers, the amount stored in cold storage, and the optimal distribution, which ultimately minimizes the cost of the entire chain. To validate the model, a case study of apple product in cities of West and East Azerbaijan provinces in 2019 was used. According to the proposed optimal model, optimal decisions are made about the optimal amount of purchases and shipments from the supplier to the place of sorting and transportation to waste customers, the optimal amount of cold storage inventory and the optimal place of construction of sorting centers. Numerical results show that the optimal locations for the construction of fruit sorting centers are in the city of Urmia. According to the results of sensitivity analysis, with a 10 to 80 percent increase in fruit demand, total costs increase from 8 to 18 percent. Also, with a 2 to 15 percent increase in transportation costs, total costs show a small change from 0.04 to 0.11 percent.

Banking, by its very nature, involves a wide range of risks. Banking supervisors should identify their risks and evaluate and manage them. Therefore, the factors affecting banking stability should be identified and applied in proportion to the importance of each relevant strategy. 

The method of the present research is descriptive and applied and using descriptive and inferential methods, the data have been analyzed and then the obtained results have been analyzed. It has been used to identify the impact of credit and liquidity risks on banking stability in selected member countries of the Mena region using the Panel Gentle Transfer Regression (PSTR) model, which is one of the prominent regime change models. 

According to the results of MATLAB software, it was found that the variables of liquidity risk and credit risk in both regimes have the greatest impact on the stability of the banking system of MENA member countries and also the impact of credit risk in both regimes is greater than liquidity risk. Therefore, formulating appropriate policies to manage credit risk reduction can lead to the stability of the country's banking system, which in turn will strengthen the monetary system.  Analyzing the relationship between economic factors and risks on banking stability is an important issue that has been addressed in this study. The thresholds of credit risk as a turning point and distinguishing point of the two regimes expressed in the PSTR model, for these equations, have been estimated according to the Akaik and Schwartz tests (3.36 and 3.83), respectively. The results of parameter slope estimation showed that the adjustment speed from one regime to the second regime was equal to 0.194, which indicates their gentle adjustment speed. In the first regime before the threshold, ie the linear part of the PSTR model, the variables of credit risk, payment facilities, inflation and crisis and shocks to countries have a negative and significant effect on the banking system. In contrast, the variables of facility to deposit ratio, liquidity risk, bank size, return on assets, efficiency of banks and GDP have a positive and significant effect on the banking system. In the second regime, the nonlinear part of the PSTR model, the variables of facility to deposit ratio, bank size, inflation, capital to asset ratio, facilities and crises and shocks that have hit a country have a negative and significant effect on the banking system. In contrast, the variables of liquidity risk, credit risk, return on assets, efficiency of banks, gross national product and payment facilities of banks have a positive and significant effect on the banking system. 

According to the results of this study (first and second scenarios), liquidity risk, in addition to a positive effect on banking stability, intensifies its positive effect on the banking stability of countries. Credit risk also has a significant effect on off-line banking stability, which has been confirmed. In other words, according to the results of the estimated model, the variables of liquidity risk and credit risk in both regimes have the greatest impact on the stability of the banking system of MENA member countries, so that the effect of credit risk in both regimes is greater than liquidity risk. Therefore, formulating strategies to reduce instability in the country's banking system, credit risk management can be an important factor to increase banking stability, which will strengthen the monetary system.

At present, production systems use methods and technologies that are not generally sustainable, so sustainable production is considered an important issue for production organizations. Most companies have come to this conclusion that in order to be sustainable in production, they need to measure and control the characteristics of sustainable production, and also to identify the obstacles that make it difficult to implement sustainable production. In is research, the barriers to sustainable production in a food industry company have been identified and prioritized. First, based on the research background, the main barriers a identified in 4 dimensions and 17 sub-criteria, and then they have been ranked by logarithmic fuzzy preference programming method. This method provides more accurate weights than other techniques by creating a nonlinear optimization model. The results show that the main obstacles are the first to fourth ranks, respectively, financial (F) with a weight of 0.487, knowledge and support (KS) with a weight of 0.230, social (S) with a weight of 0.169 and technology (T) with a weight of 0.113. Therefore, the management of the company should have financing and human capital programs such as listing on the stock exchange and specialized training for staff and presentation of special financial plans by the government, including long-term loans and tax discounts to leading companies in sustainable production.

The purpose of the research is to identify, prioritize and measure the impact and impressible of factors affecting the productivity of organizational human resources and practices, their review in Tabriz Electrical Distribution Company by the descriptive-analytical method and with the questionnaire (with a sample of 50 employees) and the validity is 0.84. At first, factors affecting human resource productivity were identified and then by Multi-criteria decision making methods, DEMATEL and Fuzzy Neural Network Process the interactive inter-communication between factors and importance of their weights was determined. In the factors, there are five main factors and 21 sub-factors affecting the productivity of the workforce Accordingly, the priorities of the main factors include job satisfaction, quality of work-life and work incentives and organizational commitment and prioritized sub-factors of satisfaction with the conditions and facilities, the satisfaction of performance appraisal, occupational safety and mental well-being, job satisfaction, and identification and Staff appreciation, satisfaction with education and having a well-deserved guardian (51% weight)and of course, the job satisfaction factor has the most impact and the least impressible and organizational commitment of employees, contrary to other factors, and there is a need for the company to focus on priority factors, respectively.

Selecting effective green manufacturing practices (GMPs) for a specific industry is a complicated process due to the existence of diverse alternatives, managerial objectives, and resource limitations. In this study, we seek to propose a novel decision-making approach that is capable of formulating the objectives and resource limitations of the organizations in their GMPs selection decision-making problems. The proposed approach is a combination of methods including Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), Analytic Network Process (ANP), Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) along Zero-one Goal Programing (ZOGP) model. We validate the proposed approach through a case study of selecting effective GMPs under resource constraints for a steel manufacturing complex in Iran. In this empirical study, a set of criteria categorized in four dimensions including environmental perspective, operational perspective, organizational perspective, and external perspective is defined for evaluation of GMPs. The results indicated that among the decision dimensions, an external perspective was identified as a leading factor. This research concludes that the implementation of industrial wastewater treatment plants and establishing a waste management system are the preferred strategies among the suggested alternatives considering the available resource of the factory, at the moment.

Attracting tourists from other countries is one of the exporting solutions. The main purpose of this paper is to find out the reasons of Azerbaijani tourist reduction and tourism economics of Tabriz by using the system dynamics, creating dynamical model and studying 1390 to 1400 SH period. Considering Azerbaijan country, the "value of the Azerbaijan’s money" and "Azerbaijan tourist population" are selected as key variables. Results indicate that exchanging rate of Manat was high at studied years, but also lack of monitoring at observer organizations had a destructive effect on purchasing power of Azerbaijani tourists because prices in market was 3 time more than real. This action will cause reduction of tourist population and then because of exponential structure in loop, it caused reduction at exchange rate of Manat so that second destructive action will happen. This indicates that to stabilize the tourist presence at any time, it is better that observer organizations oversight maximum pricing level at market and take hard on it to keep prices level at same level as inner markets. It should be noted that the coefficient of determination for the exchange rate is 0.85 and for the decreased amount of tourist is 0.87, which indicates good fit of the model.

-The choice of supervisor for conducting student research is an important and necessary issue. Students may have difficulty choosing their supervisor because there are no rules and guidelines for choosing a tutor. Several factors affect this issue, which may ultimately lead to dissatisfaction and reduced student motivation and delays in conducting research and lowering the quality of the dissertation. To provide the appropriate indicators and criteria for selecting a supervisor, recent research and surveying methods of the final year students of the Urmia University of Technology based on the comprehensive theoretical model developed for their evaluation and ranking, use the appropriate decision-making method of the multi-criteria, best-worst used. The purposeful sampling method was selected from 35 graduate students of the Urmia University of Technology, and the most important criteria were selected through questionnaires. The university experts confirmed its validity, and its reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha (0.823). The results indicate that the criteria for master’s proficiency in English, the extent to which the supervisor’s information is updated to the subject of research, continuous monitoring, and the interaction of the supervisor to the completion of the work, the extent of the availability of the supervisor and the behavior of the supervisor’s professor. The student ranked first in five, and the least essential criteria included the gender of the supervisor and the administrative position of the supervisor at the university. Therefore, qualitative criteria such as scientific and updated information of the professors are before other criteria in choosing a supervisor.

Today, special attention has been paid to the capabilities of chaos theories and neural networks and the application of these two models in financial markets, especially petroleum products. In this study, daily values ​​of stocks of Iranian petroleum products during December 2007 to June 2016 have been studied. Due to the nonlinear nature of financial data, chaos theory is used to study the chaotic amount of time series. The chaos theory based on Liapanov's exponent and fractal dimension studies the time series caused by nonlinear dynamic systems. In chaos theory, first, using the Lyapanov diagrams and the Poincaré surface of section map and measuring the correlation dimension, the possibility of chaos in time series of daily value of oil products in Iran is investigated. Then, the Lyapunov diagram is plotted using the delay time estimation obtained from the method of the average of mutual information and embedding dimension using the algorithm of the false nearest neighbors. The Lyapunov map and the Poincaré surface of section indicate a chaos in the investigated time series. According to the provocation of chaos in this time series, its nonlinearity was deduced. Therefore, a suitable neural network was designed and the best model was selected to predict the future prices of petroleum products stock with a correlation coefficient of 0.99831 and the error of the training data is 0.0012 and the error of the test data is 0.002 that indicating good accuracy in modeling the price of these industries and can be used to predict its future price.

Pre-crisis planning is one of the important issues facing managers and planners, especially in the field of crisis management. In recent years, the world has faced an increasing number of natural and man-made disasters, such as earthquakes. Moreover, the growing effect of disasters on communities has highlighted the need for efficient and effective emergency logistics operations in this field, and some criteria are provided for decision-making and prioritization of relief centers in crisis situations.

In the current research, Analytic Network Process (ANP) and PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enriching Evaluations) methods were used for analysis and ranking, and construction cost and usage time indicators were considered for the first time. Criteria were also defined and evaluated as layers according to global standards and crisis management criteria in the region. In addition, geographic information systems and expertschr('39') opinions were used to evaluate the indicators.

Due to the higher weight value, safety (0.36), usage time (0.24), as well as concentration and coverage level (0.22) received priority for the selection of the most optimal relief sites in crisis situations. Therefore, centers, such as Amini Stadium and Golestan Park, which had a lower performance status in terms of the mentioned indicators, compared to other options, were placed in a lower rank in the final ranking, in comparison with other centers.

The indicators identified in order of importance were security, time of use, concentration and coverage level, and compatible access. In the end, Takhti Stadium, Saat Park, and Rajaei Stadium received priority for the establishment of relief centers in terms of performance and the weight value of the mentioned indicators in time of crisis.

Reducing electric power theft is a significant part of the potential benefits of implementing the concept of smart grid. This paper proposes a data-based approach to identify locations with unusual electricity consumption. The new distance-based method classifies the new data as violator costumers, if their distance is long to the primary consumption data. The proposed algorithm determines the number of final clusters based on the number of initial clusters and a specific index. This method is based on the dynamic fuzzy clustering algorithm. The framework removes the defect of violator subscribers by mistake. In this article are studied regional and subscriber sections of Urmia city between 2000 and 2017 years and significantly more effective than other methods of uncontrolled learning and introduced as an efficient unsupervised developed method

Statistical quality control is a method for monitoring the process to identify the underlying causes of changes and carrying out corrective actions. Process and capability control charts are two important applied tools for statistical quality control. In many actual systems in which accurate and certain information is not always available and the information is vague and fuzzy, fuzzy based methods can survey production process more precisely using appropriate linguistic terms and fuzzy numbers. In this study, fuzzy control charts are developed using fuzzy rules, and then the fuzzy actual capability index of process ( ) is investigated to evaluate the precision, accuracy and performance of production process in the fuzzy state. The results of the study on the quality of water flowmeters in the urban water and wastewater company of West Azarbaijan province showed that using fuzzy rules compared to the crisp data, provides more decision-making options to decision- makers and provides more precise division about the product quality. Also, the fuzzy actual capability index of process can propose a more precise analysis of the process taking into account the average, target value and process variance, simultaneously. The values of the fuzzy actual capability index of process in the studied case are less than one, showing that the conditions of the production process are unfavorable.

Sustainable urban development and sustainable cities are the most important challenges faced by humans in the 21st century, as the cities may suffer a lot of damage in times of crisis. Therefore, paying attention to the passive defense subject can significantly reduce the level of damage caused by disasters. The present study is conducted with the aim to provide a passive defense approach to selecting the best shelter for temporary accommodation.

This was a descriptive-analytical study in which the required information was collected using library and field methods. In order to analyze the information, the analytic network process (ANP) technique was employed in order to determine the importance coefficients of indicators in a real environment. Finally, by overlapping information layers, the most preferred locations were identified in proportion to the objective, and the system was used to draw the layers and determine the importance weights of the indicators.

Given the importance weights, the characteristics of a suitable place included areas with sufficient open spaces and at the same time, compatible with the surrounding uses with a relatively higher potential for the establishment of the injured. Therefore, due to the existence of open and suitable spaces as well as proper access, the outskirts of Tabriz, Iran, have a high capacity for accommodating the incident victims.

Combining different layers of effective uses, the final map of the optimal spaces for the construction of urban shelters was obtained dividing the areas in five categories of very good to very weak, and eight appropriate locations were specified. The adaptability of uses, distance from densely populated areas, parks and green spaces, and access to main passages obtained the highest scores for temporary accommodation

The complexity of the accelerating transformations in technology and the consequent changes in economic and social systems demands the managers of organizations to study the environment and consider the future changes as one of their most important tasks. In this context, managers need to use efficient methods and techniques to incorporate all effective factors into their management to lead the companies to its main objective. Strategic planning is among such methods and approaches. In this research, strategic planning is investigated in case of the Regional Water Company of West Azerbaijan using a comprehensive framework strategy. The framework consists of four stages of start, input, comparison and decision making. Information on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were obtained through interviewing the leaders and experts of the company. By intuitive analysis at the end of the four-stage process, the strategies derived from the SWOT matrix were rated and actions were suggested for them. Also the SOAR strategic model, as a combination of SWOT model and positive thinking, was used for strategic planning which resulted in fulfilling the environmental standards based on international standards, stability in maintaining the level of cultivation in the province, annual increase in efficiency of water resources and facilities, and prevention of desertification. Accordingly, the priorities of the company’s strategies are: 1. Managing the available water resources in the basins; 2. Adding new products and services in relation to current products and services; 3. Selecting economic partners for participation in exploitation and construction; and 4. Economizing the assigning projects to attract investments.

In this research, the effect of banking factors on the financial performance of Islamic and conventional banking has been studied. In Comparison of Islamic and conventional banking, the effect of banking factors such as capital adequacy, asset quality, bank size, management quality, and profitability in the form of CAMEL Model have been investigated and their impact on each of the banking methods has been measured for 10 banks in 5 selected countries. Their profitability has been evaluated based on three models with dependent variables such as asset return rate, return on equity and profit margin and for bank stakeholders; the profitability of the banking system is determined by financial performance. From the analysis of regression models (panel data during 2010-2017), it is determined that Islamic banking in all three models is superior to the conventional banking in bank size indices and cost to income ratio. Also, conventional banking in the model with the rate of return on assets, capital adequacy ratios, loans to deposits and deferred loans to total loans as dependent variables is superior to Islamic banking. It is suggested that Islamic banks in loan payment consider accurate validation of applicants and more detailed justification plans; and develop and promote the Islamic Banking Indicators by launching the Risk Management Committee.

Comprehensive evaluation of organization performance is one of the most powerful tools for decision making. It helps managers to gain necessary information about the status of their organization. One of the most widely welcomed models in this regard is the Balanced Scorecard Model which provides comprehensive evaluation for various aspects in the Water and Wastewater Corporation. The present study was a descriptive-applied research in terms of objectives. The objectives included selecting a comprehensive evaluation pattern, recognizing and ranking the indexes and main sub-standards for evaluating the comprehensive performance with BSC model denoting various parts in water and wastewater corporations. The model was used in West Azarbayjan province water and wastewater company as a pilot. Data collection was based on the library and field study via 3 types of questionnaires and interview with staff, financial staff, and by the customers of the given company. Based on the correlation and regression coefficients, the mean variables test and the fuzzy method showed that the BSC fields are in the order of priority in the performance of the mentioned company. These included internal processes, learning and growth, and customer and financial perspective. In the regression dependent variable model, the performance of the company and independent variables included various variables in fields of the balanced scorecards, and the result showed that the most effective factors on the company performance were decreasing the unnecessary costs, increasing and developing new facilities, finding new custumers, providing infrastructures, and organizational resources through learning, increasing customer satisfaction, enhancing the efficiency and quality of the internal processes.

Today, due to the limitations and crises in proceeding Water and Wastewater Authority in supplying and optimal utilization of water resources and sewage disposal, management is need and strategic and operational are also planning to enhance the competitive advantage of human societies. The purpose of this study is evaluation of advantages and limitations of urban Water and Wastewater Authority (WWA) of west Azerbaijan and choosing strategies in the development and offering solutions so as to achieve short-term and long-term purposes also offering services and satisfaction customer of WWA. This research is done on the process of formulating the strategic planning model of David, the data from the survey-descriptive study through interviews, questionnaires and study library are also collected. After identifying the internal and external factors of the WWA and put in the SWOT and IE matrix, the resulting scores were in the position of aggressive strategy and Near to competitive position, and then main strategies in these position have been prioritized with Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Improvement the methods of providing services for customers using of new technologies, improving the management of relationship with customers, Preferment the quality of drinkable water, implementing the developmental projects and separating of drinkable water from non-drinkable were selected as the most effective strategies. The implementation of strategies based on the highest average scores, Implementation of strategies aggressive (SO) and strategies competitive (ST) are suggested.

Supplier selection and order allocation in the process of purchasing relief items during critical conditions are important issues. In this paper, the mixed approach of Multi-criteria decision making and mathematical programming model have been represented in order to select suppliers and allocate orders in the framework of Multi-attribute reverse auction. The suggested approach has been modeled focusing on bid evaluation phase in
Two stage. In the first stage, each participator in the bid is ranked using the Fuzzy-PROMETHEE method as the supplier of assistance items regarding effective quantitative and qualitative criteria. In the second stage, suitable suppliers are selected based on priorities of the first stage, in the frame of a multi-objective fuzzy mathematical model in order to determine the optimal size of ordering. Disruption risk in both distribution centers and suppliers, as well as the uncertainty including major features of the mathematical model have been represented. In this paper, multi-objective robust possibility programming (MORPP) approach has been used in order to eliminate the uncertainty of parameters related to purchasing assistance items within the humanitarian relief supply chains. To solve the multi-objective model the augmented e-constraint method has been considered. Finally, calculation results are indicative of better performance and efficiency of the MORPP approach to solve purchasing assistance items problem.

Providing required relief items in the condition of post-disaster is a time-consuming and complex problem because of demands uncertainty and the severity of the disaster. This paper presents a model based on auction with the aim to facilitate purchase activities and to make coordination between suppliers and relief organizations. The structure of the proposed auction includes construction and evaluation phases which are managed by the suppliers (sellers) and relief organizations (customer) respectively. In the bid construction phase, a fuzzy multi-objective non-linear mathematical programming model is presented that addresses disruption risk in both distribution centers and suppliers and uncertainty among parameters. The proposed model is solved using augmented ε-constraint method, and optimal packages of the suppliers including price, delivery time and quantity of relief items is determined. In the bid evaluation phase, in order to rank the suppliers fuzzy promethee technique was used. In this stage of the bid, each supplier will be assessed by customers regarding proposed packages and other qualitative criteria and the winner of the bid will be determined. To illustrate the validity and applicability of the proposed model, a numerical example is provided, and it has been analyzed from various aspects

The purpose of this research is to measure and evaluate the total productivity (efficiency and effectiveness) of Abfa company in West Azarbaijan province during the period of 2009-2016. The effectiveness was measured by a questionnaire and using ANOVA test,  and the efficiency was evaluated through a variety of costs, then  they were weighed and Prioritization  with a fuzzy AHP model. Finally, the total Productivity was calculated by combining these two indicators. Results showed that in terms of the effectiveness dimensions,  the provided services, customers’ perception and satisfaction, reducing the  unwanted results, application of information technology, knowledge level, and company improvement and promotion, had the most share, respectively. Also, they did not have significant differences between different units of Abfar company. In the ranking of the effective factors on efficiency, water costs (with a weight of 0.1458) and equipment costs (with a weight of 0.1446)  had priority. During this period, the productivity had much fluctuations with an average of 52 unit, so that a decline in the efficiency of energy and labor force were the reasons of its low level. Whereas, capital efficiency and effectiveness indicators had better status than the other indicators and had an improving trend.