vahid hemayatkhah jahromi

Neurodegenerative diseases induce apoptosis in neurons by affecting the central nervous system. Glia cells play an important role in preventing the progression of these diseases and increasing neuronal survival. The most important function of glia cells after neuronal survival is the secretion of neuroprotective factors. Neuroprotective factors secreted by astrocytes include TGFβ1, TGFβ2, GDNF, BDNF, and NT3.In this study, we investigate the possible role of vortmanine in the expression of neuroprotective factors BDNF and NT3 secreted by microglia and oligodendrocytes in vitro. For this purpose, cultured microglia and oligodendrocytes were treated with concentrations of 8,12,16 μmol / L for 72 hours.

A 1-2-day-old Wistar rat was used to culture astrocyte cells. Thus, after disinfecting the skin of the body and hands of infants with 70% alcohol-soaked cotton, the infant's head was cut with scissors, the scalp was completely removed and the skull was cut from the neck to the forehead. To reveal the cerebral cortex. The brain was then removed from the skull and placed in Hanks buffer.Concentrations of 8, 12, and 16 mol / L of vortmanine are added by sampler to microglia and oligodendrocyte cells cultured in 6-well plates and The expression of neuroprotective factors was measured by R-T PCR

Vertmanine-treated astrocyte cells showed significant morphological changes.However, morphological changes were much less observed in control cells compared to treated cells.

Electromagnetic waves is effect factor on sexual glands and fertility The present study aimed to determine the effect of mobile phone waves and using garlic on sexual hormones in rats.

28 adult male rats with average weight of 236.5 g were selected. Rats were divided into 4 groups of 7. Experimental group A: Receiving 900 MHz microwave waves, experimental group B: receiving 20 ml the extract of cooked garlic, experimental group C: receiving 20 ml the extract of cooked garlic extract with microwave light at wave length 900 MHz, control group: untreated group with normal diet. Then the concentration of sexualhormones were measured.

Estrogen and hydroepiandrosterone levels that were exposured to electromagnetic wave were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P <0.05). The group with using garlic extract and receiving the wave of mobile phone simultaneously, there was a significant increasing in the concentration of estrogen, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone comparing to the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion and

Garlic extract could not offset the damaging effects of sexual hormones in rats were exposed to radiation and use garlic extract simultaneously.

Raloxifene is a non-steroidal selective estrogen-receptor modulator which has beneficial estrogen-agonist effects.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of raloxifene on the pituitary hormone axis in rats.

In this study، fourty mature rats of Wistar race weighting 180-200 g and aged 120-130 days had been provided and were divided into 5groups of 8 including control، sham and experimental 1، 2 and 3 groups. The experimental 1، 2 and 3 groups received raloxifene at doses 30، 60، 120 mg/kg body weight as administered for 4 weeks and the control group did not receive any drug and sham group received distilled water. Injections were done intraperitoneally. After blooding levels of FSH، LH، estrogen and progesterone hormones were measured.

The results of the LH and FSH hormones in experimental 2 and 3 groups indicated significant decrease as compared with control group (P <0/05). the results of the estrogen hormone in the experimental group had no significant difference compared to control and sham groups and progesterone hormone in experimental 3 group indicated significant decrease as compared with control group But not significantly different than control group (P<0/05).

The results indicates that raloxifene can disrupt the programming of pituitary-gonadal axis hormone function and have an esterogenic activity in secretion gonadotropin hormone in adult female rats.

The widespread use of the pills of ecstasy has opened the floodgates to social damage. Severe kidney and liver damage as well amnesia and imbalance are some of ecstasy pills complications. This study evaluated the effect of these pills on the ovary and hormonal axis of pituitary-gonadal axis in rats.

Thirty-five female immature Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 7 rats, comprising control, sham, experimental 1, experimental 2, and experimental 3 groups. The control group did not receive any solvent or medication; the sham group received physiologic serum (0.2 cc) once daily for 14 days; and the experimental groups of 1, 2, and 3 received a solution (0.2 cc) once daily containing 0.5, 1, and 2 mg of medication for 14 days via intraperitoneal injection. Hormone measurement was done with the ELISA method. Ovaries were excised to prepare tissue sections and to investigate the number of ovarian follicles. The number of follicles was calculated via the physical dissector technique.

There was a statistically significant difference in body and ovary weight between the control group and the experimental group 3. Also, the number of primary and Graafian follicles decreased significantly. The results did not show a statistically significant difference between the three experimental groups and the control group in terms of FSH and LH hormones, but the rate of progesterone hormone had a meaningful increase.

Use of ecstasy pills exerted a destructive impact on the ovary and progesterone hormone.

Cytomegalovirus leads to severe infection in individuals with immune deficiency and recipient of blood and its production. Infected blood reception,  and haemodialysis are some of the risk factor factors in primary infection of cytomegalovirus. In this case-control study, positive epidemiological of active and passive cytomegalovirus infection were investigated in haemodialysis patients and control group.

Blood serums of 43 haemodialysis patients and 43 healthy controls, who were similar to the patients in terms of sex and age, were investigated for determination of specific anti IgG and IgM of cytomegalovirus.

Data revealed that 39 haemodialysis patient (69.90%) were positive for anti- IgG CVM and 8 haemodialysis (18.60%) were positive for anti-IgG CMV (active infection with cytomegalovirus) while active infection with cytomegalovirus in control group had significant difference with patient group (36.2%).

Cytomegalovirus cause severe infection in haemodialysis patients, and the rate of infection is directly relatd totransfusion repetitions.

Lactic acid bacteria are characterized as gram positive, usually non motile, non-spore forming bacteria that affect the health conditions of their hosts due to production of lactic acid and other fermentative yields. The aim of this study was to isolate Lactobacillus strains from stool sample of children and to determine their antimicrobial activity against common pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Helicobacter pylori.

The bacteria were isolated from the stool samples via cultivation on MRS agar media. Identification of the lactobacilli was performed based on their morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Inhibitory effect of isolated lactobacilli on pathogenic bacteria was assessed by well diffusion and disk diffusion methods. After centrifuging the cultured bacteria and their sedimentation in the tubes, the pathogenic bacteria were plated on MRS agar. Following adding 100µl lactobacillus supernatant to the wells, the results were interpreted after 24-48 h.

19 samples out of 40 samples (47.5 %) had inhibitory effect on the studied pathogenic bacteria. L. plantarum, L. fermentum and L. rhamnosus were isolated more than other species. Maximum inhibitory effects of lactobacilli were observed against Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The widest antimicrobial hollow were obtained when the pathogenic bacteria were exposed to the supernatants of L. rhamnosus and L.fermentum.

In conclusion, the result showed that Lactobacillus strains are useful for treatment of persistent diarrhea and gastrointestinal disease and their consumption as dairy products would be effective for both prevention and treatment.