zahra hosseini

Lockdown due to COVID-19changed the educational life of students from traditional to virtual learning; It posed many challenges to students’ success and has had psychological and social implications for them. The present study aimed to investigate the students’ experiences of living in lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying and obtaining this information can prepare policymakers to better plan for future pandemics. In this qualitative study, 20 students from 6 faculties of the University of Medical Sciences were selected by purposeful and snowball sampling method considering the maximum diversity in gender, educational level, school of study, marital status, and age. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews and data collection continued until saturation. Data were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach and a continuous comparison method. MAXQDA10 software was used for data management. The present findings led to the identification of 4 main categories (educational challenges, media impact, multidimensional problems, and coping) and 17 sub-categories. According to the results, planning for and resolving the educational challenges, increasing students’ media and electronic literacy, identifying and solving students’ problems, and encouraging students to use appropriate coping strategies will help overcome this crisis.

Divine love stands as a pivotal aspect of the intricate relationship between humans and God. Despite its multifaceted presence in theological and mystical traditions, achieving consensus on its nature remains challenging. The inherently personal essence of divine love introduces a level of ambiguity when considering it in the context of an impersonal God, as exemplified by Avicenna's Necessary Existent Deity. Avicenna portrays God as a metaphysical entity characterized by pure transcendence, devoid of personal emotions and passions. In contrast, he positions love as the pinnacle of the human-God connection. This article seeks to elucidate the significance and realization of this love through a semantical lens. While Avicenna provides a comprehensive definition of love as a "propensity for goodness," constructing a cohesive semantic system, the culmination suggests that human love for The Pure Good ultimately sheds any personal attributes. Instead, it transforms into a form of inner metamorphosis, encompassing rational-practical perfection. Hence, articulating divine love in a literal sense seems implausible for The Necessary Existent. Avicenna, in his elimination of dialectics, metaphorically applies divine love to convey a metaphysical rationality and an inner transformative process.

The concept of love for God in the works of Ruzbihan Baqli is not a merely conceptual or abstract expression. Rather, it is the result of encountering and experiencing God in beautiful imagery and accompanied by ecstatic states. Although he always emphasizes the transcendence and purity of God's essence and rejects anthropomorphism (tashbih) and corporealism (tajsim), from a structuralist perspective on religious experiences, the realization of this experience is compatible with contexts such as aestheticism, the Ashʿari belief in divine vision (ruʾya), and the Sufi concept of iltibas. Ruzbihan considers beauty to be the object of love, and in divine love, beauty in its sensory sense takes precedence and is not interpreted in other terms such as goodness or perfection. As an Ashʿari, he believes in the possibility of seeing God. The Ashʿari God, transcendent of logical laws, is capable of any action and thus, while being transcendent in existence, can descend to the realm of human perception and knowledge. According to the Sufi theory of iltibas, divine lordship can manifest in objects and visible forms, although this manifestation is epistemological rather than ontological. From the totality of these contexts, love for God is interpreted in its conventional, interpersonal sense and the result of a personal experience. The analysis of the meaningfulness of love for God, considering its experiential nature and its contexts, is one of the findings of the present paper

Most cases of congenital coronary artery fistula (CAF) resolve spontaneously, symptomatic patients with severe shunting require surgical intervention. Our aim is to evaluate success rate and outcome of CAFs treatment using transcatheter interventional methods.This retrospective study conducted on 28 CAF patients who were referred to Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center in Tehran between 2015 and 2020. Baseline characteristics were collected by assessing hospital records, and patients were followed up annually for long-term evaluation. All of 28 patients gone throughtranscatheter closure of CAF. In 23 patient’s it was proximal type (82.1%) and in 5 patients was distal type (17.9%). In 11 patients, the fistula originated from the RCA (39.3%) and in 11 patients, it originated from the LAD and Diagonal. Most common drainage site was the pulmonary artery (82.1%). Coil used in 23 patients(82.1%). PDA occluder (7.1%) for 2 patients. VSD occluder for one patient (3.6%) and VSD+PDA occluder combination was used for one patient (3.6%). Procedure failure was in only one patient. Non-significant remaining shunt in the injection immediately after the procedure was seen in 4 patients (14.3%), which was reduced during the follow-up. None of the patients had significant shunt or clinical symptoms during long-term follow-up. As for complications, fistula dissection occurred in only one patient.The transcatheter interventional approach for the treatment of CAFs leads to favorable long-term results.

Malaria is one of the most dangerous parasitic diseases with high mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Since this disease is one of the public health issues in Hormozgan Province of Iran, and is highly affected by foreign immigrants (Pakistani and Afghans), this study aims to find the factors predicting the preventive behaviors against malaria in Afghan immigrants in Parsian City, Hormozgan Province, south of Iran, based on the health belief model (HBM).

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 Afghan immigrants over 15 years of age referred to four comprehensive health service centers in Parsian City. Sampling was done by random method from the list of files available in the national integrated health system (SIB). The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire based on the HBM. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation test, and linear regression analysis in SPSS software, version 25. The significance level was set at 0.05.

The mean age of participants was 29.26±8.17 years. The results of Spearman correlation test showed a significant positive correlation between malaria prevention behaviors and all HBM constructs. The constructs of self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived severity were the significant predictors of malaria prevention behaviors in immigrants (P<0.001).

It is recommended to improve the preventive behaviors against malaria in Afghan immigrants by improving their self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived severity by using appropriate interventions.

Ethnobotany Knowledge to study and survey how people of a particular tribe, culture or region use native plants in that region. This study was conducted to collect and identify the medicinal species of Bluman region and introduce their traditional and modern uses.

Collection and identification of medicinal species of the studied area was done. Traditional uses and their applications in modern medicine were extracted by conducting interviews and studying reliable scientific sources. In order to determine the importance of medicinal species, the quantitative method UV (UV=Use Value) was used.

A list of flora and medicinal plants of the region was prepared. In this research, 53 medicinal species were collected and identified, belonged to 22 families and 49 genera. Among the identified species, 22 medicinal species had the highest use value (UV). Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen (Azgooah), Allium jesdianum Boiss (Bon sor) were among the most valuable species. A list of scientific name, Vernacular, and common name, UV values, and its use in traditional and modern medicine of known species was prepared.

The results showed rich native knowledge in the field of medicinal plants in the studied area. The results obtained from the herbal medicine knowledge of the native people of the region and their experiences in traditional medicine and compared with new researches about these species confirmed many traditional uses and native beliefs.

Hypertension, particularly in developing countries, is associated with a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. It can be managed by lifestyle modification, proper dietary regimen, and enhanced self-care behaviors. This study aims to examine the effect of an educational intervention based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model on improving self-care behaviors of patients with hypertension in Iran.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2022 on 250 patients with hypertension in Darab County, divided into two groups of intervention (n=125) and control (n=125). The sampling was done using a random sampling method. Data were collected using a three-part questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability measuring demographic information, the IMB model constructs, and self-care behaviors. Four training sessions, each for 60 minutes, were held for the participants and their family members in the intervention group. A post-test assessment was conducted two months after the educational intervention. Independent t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of covariance were used in SPSS software, version 22 to analyze the data.

After the education, a statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups in all IMB model constructs, including knowledge, motivation, individual skills, and self-care behaviors (P<0.001). In the intervention group, a significant difference was also reported in all study variables before and after the education. The highest increase after education was in the motivation domain.

The IMB model-based educational program can improve the self-care behaviors of patients with hypertension, which can reduce disease complications. if doctors and health workers teach self-care behaviors to hypertensive patients using the IMB model, it can effectively control their blood pressure.

The present study identified the medicinal species of southern Lorestan province and explored their traditional uses and potential applications in modern medicine.

The study involved face-to-face interviews and personal observations to gather information on local names and traditional medicinal uses of plants. Use value (UV) and informant consensus factor (ICF) were used to analyze the data obtained from the interviews. The UV index was calculated to determine the relative importance of medicinal species native to the region.

The plant species were identified using standard herbarium methods. A total of 106 medicinal species from 95 genera and 40 plant families were identified, which are utilized by locals for various medicinal purposes in southern Lorestan province. According to the findings, leaves (22.3%), seeds (19%), and fruits (14.5 %) were the most commonly used parts of medicinal species. Edible and infusion were identified as the primary treatment methods in traditional medicine in southern Lorestan province.

The predominant therapeutic uses of medicinal species in traditional medicine in the area focused on treating digestive disorders.

In Naser Khosrow's divan, educational literature and advice are sometimes linked to epic words, metre and rhythm, and have created an epic tone in his poems. Naser Khosrow has made the most advantage of epic and religious allusions, and also used epic words and combinations to create this type of tone. Since tone recognition is directly related to the harmony between style and subject, it should be said that this harmony has been observed to a large extent in Naser Khosrow's poems, because He used his poem as a means for his struggles after his spiritual changes which took place at the age of forty and led him to join the Fatimids. All his life, he has been fighting against the outside world, fighting against the ignorance of the people and fighting with his soul, and he has waged all them in an epic tone that was the best way to express what he said. The statistical population of present study, which is a descriptive-analytical method, is as follows: the highest frequency of about 48% is related to "external war" and "war with ignorance of the people" and the lowest is about 12% of “war with the deceptive time”. Results of this study show that Naser Khosrow not only believed in the influence of the stars and the sky on human destiny, but also he valued human free will more in his own destiny.

Objective:

 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-COV-2, can lead to disorders in some body organs, especially the respiratory system. Considering the emergence of new strains of this virus, followed by the increase in transmissibility and the decrease in the effectiveness of vaccines and treatments, the present study aims to investigate the effect of an educational intervention based on Pender’s health promotion model (HPM) on the preventing behaviors against COVID-19.

Methods:

 In this quasi-experimental intervention, 200 people aged >18 years from Lar County participated and were randomly divided into two intervention (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire measuring demographic characteristics, HPM constructs, and preventing behaviors against COVID-19, whose reliability and validity were confirmed. The questionnaire was completed before and two months after the intervention by both groups. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 25 using descriptive and inferential statistics using independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square test, and linear regression analysis.

Results:

 The results showed that the mean score of the importance of health (P<0.001), perceived control (P<0.001), perceived self-efficacy (P<0.001), perceived benefits (P<0.001), interpersonal influences, situational influences (P<0.001), activity-related affect (P<0.001), internal guide (P<0.001), external guide (P<0.001), commitment to plan of action (P<0.001), and preventive behaviors against COVID-19 (P<0.001) significantly increased in the intervention group, after the intervention compared to the control group, while the scores of perceived barriers (P<0.001) and immediate competing demands significantly decreased in the intervention group after the intervention compared to the control group. After the intervention, the constructs of immediate competing demands (P<0.001), activity-related affect (P=0.01), and perceived benefits (P=0.03) had a statistically significant relationship with preventive behaviors of COVID-19.

Conclusion:

 The educational intervention based on HPM is effective in improving preventive behaviors against COVID-19.

If the development of the local economy relies on the improvement of competitive local enterprises, it will attract domestic investment, improve human capital, increase work skills, improve local infrastructure and balanced economic development in the localities. Creativity as a foundation can cause economic growth and development in many contemporary societies. As a cultural and commercial source, creative industries are the most powerful part of the economy, and their use in planning areas leads to the development of the local economy and, consequently, the development of the national economy. The creative city will also lead to economic growth and development by having creative industries and attracting creative forces. Farahzad neighborhood has the ability to adopt the creative city approach in strengthening the local economy in order to improve the employment situation and empower people for two reasons: one is that it has suitable ecological resources and active institutions, and the second is that it suffers from unfavorable socio-economic conditions and the existence of informal jobs. This research has been done in three stages to achieve its goals. In the first step, by reviewing the theoretical literature, the dimensions of talent, technology, tolerance, land property and urban participation were determined. In the second stage, areas with planning priority based on existing spatial, social and physical commonalities include; low security, inadequate access and roads, existence of environmental problems, lack of ownership documents, low level of social interactions in the area, economic problems, poor condition of housing and existence of cultural differences between different ethnic groups were identified. In the last step, the criteria in the eligible planning areas were evaluated through interviews. Then, by analyzing the interviews through the MAXQDA software, the role of the components in the development of the local economy of Farahzad has been identified. Therefore, each of the examined dimensions was considered as follows: the dimension of land assets with seven components include; historical background, role of tourism, religion, traditional gardens, Farahzad river, restaurants and mountain section; the technology dimension with the component of having mobile internet; talent dimension with four components i.e., Possession of cultural institutions, residents' skills, desire to learn skills and desire for education, and urban participation dimension with three components; enjoying the diversity of different ethnic groups, following up on existing problems and participating in construction projects.

This study investigated the photobiomodulation effect of an 810-nm diode laser in adjunction with topical anesthesia on pain perception during infiltration anesthesia of primary maxillary molars in children.

This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 64 children (aged 5-9 years) requiring extraction or stainless steel crown for their primary maxillary molars. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 32) of laser and control. In the laser group, the injection site (buccal and palatal mucosa) was irradiated with an 810-nm laser (200 mW, 5.2 J/cm2) after 20% benzocaine topical anesthetic application, while the control group received a placebo laser following topical anesthesia. The pain intensity experienced by children during needle insertion into the buccal and palatal mucosa was determined using a visual analog scale (VAS) and modified behavioral pain scale (MBPS).

According to the results of the VAS and MBPS, no significant difference was detected in pain scores between the laser and control groups neither in the buccal nor in the palatal mucosa (P > 0.05).

Photobiomodulation therapy with an 810-nm laser with the current setting adjunct to topical anesthesia did not promote significant additional effects on the pain intensity.

The crisscross heart is a rare congenital heart abnormality often associated with other cardiac anomalies. Echocardiography is the first-line diagnostic tool, whereas magnetic resonance imaging and catheterization are used for complementary assessments. In the absence of significant pulmonary valve stenosis or hypoplasia in the tricuspid valve or the right ventricle, total repair or, otherwise, the Fontan procedure is recommended. (Iranian Heart Journal 2023; 24(3): 85-88)

Bahram Beizaei is a scriptwriter, playwright, director, translator and famous Iranian writer who has paid great attention to myths and history in many of his works. Hence, the language and expression, and other elements of his narratives, are very close to the classical school, whose  source of inspiration is mainly taken from ancient stories and myths. In the present study, Beizaei's plays have been examined for their compatibility with classical school. Although this school, like other literary, intellectual, and philosophical schools, is originated in the West, some of Beizaei’s  dramatic works can be evaluated in accordance with the principles of the mentioned school; Principles such as imitating the ancients, imitating human nature, recreating the ancient world, rationalism, instructiveness  and pleasance , clarity and conciseness, elegance, truthfulness, universality, avoiding despicable,  decadent, and exciting  issues, etc., can be found in some of his dramatic works. However, atmosphere, time, space and source of inspiration and other elements were completely indigenous and Iranian.

Hypertension during pregnancy, along with proteinuria and organ dysfunction, causes preeclampsia, which can lead to several complications, even death in some cases for both the mother and her fetus. This study aimed to compare the risk factors of preeclampsia incidence in multipara women in Bandar Abbas.

This case-control study reviewed 215 medical records of pregnant women referring to the Persian Gulf Hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran from April 2019 to March 2020. They reviewed the records after their classification into the case (with preeclampsia) and control (without preeclampsia) groups. Both groups were matched, and after gathering the main variables and demographic factors, the data were analyzed by SPSS, version 22.

The mean age of the participants was 31.43 ± 5.04 years. There was a significant relationship between preeclampsia and chronic blood pressure (BP) (P=0.0001) with an odds ratio of 14.77. However, no significant association was found between liver disease (P=1.00), heart disease (P=0.095), diabetes (P=0.053), and kidney disease (P=0.76) with preeclampsia. In addition, the comparison results revealed a significant relationship between demographic variables and preeclampsia, systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P=0.001), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P=0.001) with the incidence of preeclampsia.

The results showed that even though there was no significant relationship between diabetes, heart disease, and kidney disease with preeclampsia, patients with these diseases were 2.27, 1.21, and 6.3 times more likely to develop preeclampsia, respectively.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between love failure and academic stress of students through the mediation of cognitive emotion regulation.

The method of the current research is a correlational description. The statistical population of this research was made up of all the students of Zanjan University in the academic year of 2021-2022, and 305 people were selected by available sampling method and participated in this research. The instruments included Ross' love shock questionnaire (1999), cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (PCERQ) and academic stress by Zajacova et al. (2005). Structural models with partial least squares approach were used for data analysis.

Data analysis showed Love failure has a positive correlation with academic stress (t=2.36, p=0.011) and a negative correlation with the variable of emotional cognitive regulation (t=- 4.50, p=0.000). Also, between cognitive regulation A significant relationship between excitement and academic stress was obtained (t=62.16, p=0.000).Finally, by using the Seville test, the mediating role of cognitive regulation of emotion in the relationship between love failure and academic stress with a path coefficient of -0.62 and The value of t= -17.14 was confirmed.

In addition to expanding the theoretical foundations of the subject under study, this research included concepts to understand the negative effects of love failure among people. In order to reduce the consequences of love failure, especially in the field of education, by holding educational workshops based on mindfulness and teaching emotional regulation of students, a firm step can be taken in line with the research goals.

committed literature covers avariety of areas. Expressing the social and political issues of society isone of the most important approaches in this type of literature In the last century, similar social and political situations have developed in the society of Iran and Egypt. Issues that exposed the independence and identity of such countries to foreign aggression and, as a result, posed a serious threat; Thus, social poets entered the turmoil of such a turbulent situation, and the most important of them was dealing with social and political issues. Inthis descriptive-analytical study, socio-political themes in the poems of Adib al-Mamalak and Ahmad Shawqi have been extracted and studied based on the American comparative school. Findings of the research indicate that themes such as patriotism, mention of Free people and patriotic heroes, encouragement of unity and solidarity, disgust with foreigners and criticism of social disorders have been widely used in the poetry of these two poets. With the difference that Adib al-Mamalek has included minor social issues in his poetry; Ahmad Showqi, on the other hand, has often raised larger issues. Both patriotic poets initially have a positive view of the constitutional movement; But with the entry of anomalies into the structure of the movement, they change their course and complain about it. Reformism and the need for positive action of various classes of society and politicians are among the most important solutions that these two poets propose to achieve national prose.

Adopting a rigid perspective toward post Cartesian modernity, traditionalists have referred to a type of knowledge which has a supernatural quality and is related to degrees of existence. Rejecting the efficacy of experience and argument which are considered pivotal to post-renaissance epistemology, they assume that intuitive knowledge is the main source of intellect and getting access to truth. Intuitionism in traditionalism moves beyond methodology. It seems that we are facing a sort of paradigm shift which tries to change the established assumptions. The present article deals with the issue of whether the sacred knowledge could basically be called knowledge or not. To answer this question, we examine the two necessary elements of knowledge, truth and justification. Theconclusion is that most of traditionalists’ claims are irrational and have no justification. The realization of this knowledge in the contemporary modern world appears unrealistic.

Background and Object:

 One of the most common nutritional problems around the world is the deficiency of micronutrients, especially iron and vitamin D. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of iron and vitamin D supplementation and the value of the clinical diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in high school girls in Gonabad.

This research was a semi -experimental study and without control group study that conducted in 158 seventh grade high school girl students in Gonabad in 2016. The data collection tool in this study was a checklist that included two parts. The first part contained demographic variables and the second part included a student examination checklist that were filled by physicians. The data analysis was also performed through the Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test. The significant level of the data in this study was less than 0.05.

The use of iron supplements significantly reduces iron deficiency and reduced iron deficiency anemia in female students (P=0.020). In this study, vitamin D supplementation was able to significantly reduce the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in students (P=0.040). Also, results showed that clinical examination has a negative news value, meaning that most of those who were diagnosed in a healthy clinical examination after blood tests also found that they were healthy and that they had no iron deficiency anemia.

According to the results obtained by conducting a clinical examination and diagnosing healthy people, people do not need blood tests to determine the condition of iron deficiency anemia and can be prevented from wasting funds.

Objectives:

 The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of smoking cessation counseling by a dentist on the smokers’ preparation for change to quit smoking.

Methods:

 This study was performed on 150 smokers, admitted to the Dental School of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 75 participants. The intervention group received smoking cessation counseling by a single senior dental student for 30 min session. The patient’s status in the stages of change was determined at baseline and after the intervention. For statistical analysis, paired t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed at a significance level of P<0.05.

Results :

At baseline, there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in terms of the stage of change for smoking cessation. Also, there was no significant difference in the stages of change in the control group between the baseline and one-month follow-up. However, this difference was significant in the intervention group (P=0.006). In other words, the number of patients in the pre-contemplation stage decreased by 43%, the number of patients in the contemplation stage increased by 20%, and the number of patients in the action stage increased by 16%.

Conclusion:

 It can be concluded that smoking cessation counseling enhances a person’s forward movement and transition through the stages of change for smoking cessation

In recent decades, women’s participation in the labor market has increased dramatically. However, this has confronted working women with work-family conflicts.

This systematic review aimed to find the factors related to work-family conflicts befallen women working.

All scientific articles published on the subject from June 2000 until June 2021 were searched in five databases (Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar) using the Keywords of factor, female, working, work-life balance, life-work imbalance.

We found 3967 articles in the databases mentioned. After removing duplicate items, the titles and abstracts of 2573 articles were screened, 34 full-texts of which were reviewed, leading to the final selection of 31 articles (13 qualitative studies and 17 quantitative studies). Then we searched for the documents that cited any of the initially included studies, as well as the references of the primarily included studies; however, no additional articles were found in this step. We categorized the factors related to work-life conflicts into four categories and 22 sub-categories. The first category was individual factors (e.g., individual capacities and skills); the second category was interpersonal factors (e.g., spousal support and lack of family support); the third category was organizational factors (e.g., organizational policies and working hours), and the fourth category was cultural factors (e.g., patriarchal hegemony in society and family-friendly culture).

First, individual skills are needed to be paid more attention to, such as planning, which may be simply modifiable and has the potential to inform therapeutic interventions and preventative strategies. Second, foremen and directors should be informed about the importance of work-life conflicts experienced by women and their decisive role in creating a work-life balance to help improve their working conditions.

Revascularization to treat coronary artery stenosis in two ways; Percutaneous intervention (PCI) and open surgery can be performed.For patients who were previously treated with open surgery and now have symptoms again, due to the higher mortality and morbidity of re-surgery, PCI is the preferred method of treatment.

This study is a cohort.The study population includes all patients without exit criteria who were subjected to PCI on SVG in Shahid Rajaei Hospital from October 2017 to 2019. In these patients, the short-term(in-hospital) and long-term(6 months and one year) clinical results were examined in terms of the incidence of MACE(major adverse cardiovascular events).

216 patients aged 39 to 99 years with an average of 65.95±9.16 were included in the study. In-hospital MACE, we had only one case of stroke, one case of MI, and one case of vascular complications. During the first 6 months, there were 19 cases of mortality, 5 cases of MI, 2 cases requiring reperfusion on the same SVG, and 3 cases requiring PCI, It was seen on other SVGs of the patients. After one year, a total of 28 cases of mortality, 13 cases of MI, 7 cases requiring re-establishment of flow in the same SVG and 7 cases requiring PCI were seen on other SVGs of the patients. The relationship between the incidence of MACE with the age and chronic kidney disease was seen.

MACE occurred more in older patients and patients with a history of chronic kidney disease with GFR>30 (mild and moderate CKD).

The relatively large bandgaps of the methylammonium lead halide perovskites are the major obstacle to achieving broadband response in the lead-based perovskite photodetectors. Partial or total substitution of lead with tin leads to smaller bandgaps for perovskite materials. Here, we investigated the application of a mixed tin-lead perovskite material, (FASnI3)0.6(MAPbI3)0.4, with small bandgap of 1.24 eV as the absorber material in a perovskite photodetector. The device simulation is performed by using SCAPS simulation software. The effect of different parameters such as absorber layer quality and thickness, interface defects, doping concentration and carrier mobility on the performance of the device is studied. The simulation results clarify that the parameters optimization can result in achieving a self-powered photodetector with broad spectral response from 300 to 1050 nm wavelength, a high responsivity of 0.6 A W-1 at 930 nm, almost flat detectivity of over 1013 Jones and a wide linear dynamic range. We believe this study can provide theoretical guidance for the design of highly sensitive, broadband, mixed tin-lead perovskite photodetectors.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exposure to hookah smoke on the respiratory capacity of employees working in hookah cafes in Bandar Abbas.

A total of 75 employees of hookah cafes and 64 people in the control group were the target population. Participants without a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension were included in the study. First, the height and weight of subjects were measured and then a respiratory test was performed by an occupational medicine specialist. At the same time, a checklist was completed, which contained demographic characteristics, history of working in hookah cafes, pulmonary diseases, hypertension, smoking, exercising, and a second job.

The mean age of the case and control groups was found to be 31.41 and 30.73 years, respectively. The mean values of the indices in the case and the control groups were as follows: forced expiratory volume (FEV1): 84.4% and 89.9%, forced vital capacity (FVC): 91.5% and 91.1%, forced expiratory flow 25-75 (FEF25-75): 78.7% and 75.9%, and peak expiratory flow (PEF): 87.2% and 95.2%, respectively. A significant relationship was found between exposure to hookah smoke and the lung capacity of employees working in hookah cafes (P <0.001).

Based on the findings of the study and in order to reduce passive exposure to hookah smoke and its negative consequences, officials should review and apply strict rules on hookah use and monitor and control the air quality inside hookah cafes.

Limited data exist on the clinical outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presenting with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

This multicenter study, conducted in 6 centers in Iran, aimed to compare baseline clinical and procedural data between a case group, comprising STEMI patients with COVID-19, and a control group, comprising STEMI patients before the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine in-hospital infarct-related artery thrombus grades and major adverse cardiocerebrovascular events (MACCEs), defined as a composite of deaths from any cause (cardiovascular and noncardiovascular), nonfatal strokes, and stent thrombosis.

No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups regarding baseline characteristics. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) was performed in 72.9% of the cases and 98.5% of the controls (P=0.043), and primary coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 6.2% of the cases and 1.4% of the controls (P=0.048). Successful PPCI procedures (final TIMI flow grade III) were significantly fewer in the case group (66.5% vs 93.5%; P=0.001). The baseline thrombus grade before wire crossing was not statistically significantly different between the 2 groups. The summation of thrombus grades IV and V was 75% in the case group and 82% in the control group (P=0.432). The rate of MACCEs was 14.5% and 2.1% in the case and control groups, respectively (P=0.002).

In our study, the thrombus grade had no significant differences between the case and control groups; however, the in-hospital rates of the no-reflow phenomenon, periprocedural MI, mechanical complications, and MACCEs were statistically significantly higher in the case group