جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "خود دوستی" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Marital orientation refers to assessing individuals' optimistic or pessimistic attitudes toward marriage. Among the influential factors shaping young people's marital orientation are the relationships they have with others before marriage, as well as their psychological capital. In past studies, family friendship has also been identified as one of the influential factors. However, to date, no model has been proposed for marital orientation based on the relationships between these components.

The aim of the current research was to model marital orientation based on psychological capital and premarital relationship attitudes with the mediation of family friendship.

The present research was descriptive and employed correlational structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study included all single students of Islamic Azad University in Isfahan province. Considering the number of research variables and conventional statistical methods, a sample of 500 individuals (303 females and 197 males) was selected using stratified random sampling method. Participants completed questionnaires on marital orientation (Guanji, 2020), psychological capital (Luthans, 2007), premarital relationship attitudes (Kourdeloo, 2001), and family friendship (Hashemi Garmdarreh, 2019). The data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software.

The findings indicate that among the predictor and mediator variables, optimism, resilience, and self-efficacy, as well as family friendship, have a direct relationship with marital orientation
(p< 0.05). Additionally, psychological capital and premarital relationship attitudes can predict marital orientation through the family friendship variable (p< 0.05).

Based on the results obtained, it can be said that the higher the levels of psychological capital and family friendship among students, the more optimistic their orientation towards marriage will be. Considering the results, the family friendship variable plays an important and influential mediating role in the relationship between psychological capital and premarital relationship attitudes with marital orientation.

The politics of friendship are associated with identity, indifference, and mutability. The other has different types, the adoption of which in domestic and foreign policy can create a policy of friendship. Just as the development of another field with the principle of antagonism and intransigence can lead to the politics of hostility and disorder. In this examination of the proposed theories of the politics of friendship and its adaptation to the mental space  Imam Khomeini has been used. The purpose of the research is to investigate another and otherness in his political thought. The main question is “How do the concepts of self, the other and the acceptance of other types in Imam Khomeini's political thought lead to the politics of friendship?” The finding of the research is that acceptance of others in every  type of religious, political, ethnic, linguistic, and racial, and negative restraint and the absence of narcissism can be used to produce a friendship policy. The data collection method is document-library, and qualitative content analysis is used in the analysis.

With extensive changes in educational environments, such as changes in students' needs, different teaching methods, changes in the characteristics of educational environments, and changes in teachers' demands, the need to acquire new knowledge is of great value and encourage teachers to actively participate in the yourself knowledge sharing process with colleagues seems essential, because acquiring new knowledge can have a positive effect on the level of learning, creativity, innovation, readiness for change and flexibility of teachers and increase their job success. But despite the many benefits inherent in knowledge sharing, many teachers refuse to share their knowledge with others. Hiding knowledge is a relatively common phenomenon in educational organizations and schools, which leaves destructive effects. For various reasons, teachers may not share the knowledge related to their job with other colleagues and in some cases, hide the knowledge from them. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effective variables on reducing knowledge hiding in the organization. It is likely that variables such as psychological ownership of knowledge, altruistic behavior and intrinsic motivation are effective in increasing or decreasing knowledge hiding. Thus, the purpose of this research was the moderating role of altruism behavior and intrinsic motivation in effect of knowledge psychological ownership on knowledge hiding behavior in teachers.

Type of research, descriptive correlation and statistical population including teachers in Aran & Bidgol City that sample size was obtained equal to 250 people through the Monte Carlo model. The research tool included four questionnaires of psychological ownership of knowledge, altruism, internal motivation and knowledge hiding. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed as construct, convergent and divergent. The reliability of questionnaires was obtained through Cronbach’s alpha for psychological ownership 0.74, altruism 0.77, intrinsic motivation 0.84 and knowledge hiding 0.71. The data analysis of the research was done at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 26 and Smart Pls software.

The results showed that the mean of variables of psychological ownership and knowledge hiding were lower than criterion score and altruism and internal motivation were higher than criterion score. The path coefficient of variables showed that psychological ownership with (Beta=0.24) has a positive & significant effect on knowledge hiding, altruism (Beta=-0.17) and intrinsic motivation (Beta=-0.16) has a negative & significant effect on knowledge hiding.

Considering the positive and significant effect of intrinsic motivation and altruistic behavior in reducing the negative effect of psychological ownership of knowledge in knowledge hiding behavior, it can be seen that the moderating role of intrinsic motivation and altruistic behavior in reducing knowledge hiding behavior is significant and confirmed. Because motivation theory emphasizes the motivations that lead people to exchange knowledge and broadly determines knowledge behaviors, and altruistic behaviors consist of helping colleagues in the performance of their duties. That is, if teachers who have a high sense of psychological ownership may hesitate to exchange and share knowledge when requested due to internal motivation and altruistic behavior. Thus, it can be said that hiding or sharing knowledge depends not only on the level of one’s property relative to the purpose of ownership, but also on internal motivation and altruistic behavior. To prevent this phenomenon among teachers, the sense of collective ownership instead of individual ownership should be strengthened among teachers.

One of the ways to deal with social crises is to use the capacity of social media because media organizations spread messages that influence society's culture, which makes these mass media part of the fundamental and institutional forces. Society transforms. The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of social media in promoting the culture of altruism in the face of social crises.

The research method was qualitative content analysis. The statistical population of the research included all media experts and professors of social communication sciences and social sciences in Tehran city. Non-random purposeful sampling method was used for sampling. The data collection tool was a deep semi-structured interview and the data analysis method was thematic analysis.

The findings showed that according to the participants, social media has 6 roles in promoting the culture of self-sacrifice in social crises, and these 6 roles, in order of priority, are: 1. Accompanying and shaping public opinion, 2. Prominent Building, 3. Informing and raising awareness, 4. Education and culture building, 5. Creating solidarity and solidarity, and 6. Planning and organizing. Also, for each basic category, several subcategories were also identified.

The results of the research showed that social media played a role in promoting the culture of altruism and therefore have a suitable capacity to promote the culture of altruism in social crises.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of friendship in the workplace on moral intensity.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of month. The statistical population of these researchers and pharmaceutical companies in the city of Isfahan were 1850 people in 1401, of which 322 people were selected as a sample using the available sampling method. This research includes 7 hypotheses, for which a 24-question standard questionnaire was used. In this research, construct validity and validity were used to check the validity of the questionnaire, and Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. SPSS 22 and AMOS 22 software were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses.

The results of the hypotheses test showed that friendship at work has a significant effect on moral intensity with a value of 0.64. Friendship at work has a significant effect on importance with a value of 0.41. Friendship in the workplace with a value of 0.49 is on the agreement of social influence. friendship at work with a value of 0.41 over proximity; friendship at work with a value of 0.37 on the effect; Friendship at work with a value of 0.46 has a significant effect on time urgency and friendship at work with a value of 0.32 has a significant effect on the probability of effect.

This paper aims to study the cocept of philanthropism in Islamic sources and to develop a preliminary test thereon. Thus and referring to the Islamic sources, the content analysis method is used. For the validation and reliability assessment of the test, a survey method was employed with a sample of 109 students from the religious seminary of Qom and the Azad Islamic University. The structure derived from Islamic sources for philanthropism included six components: 1. Acceptance; 2. Bonding; 3. Friendship with others; 4. Supportiveness; 5. Forgiveness; 6. Selflessness. The validity of this structure was confirmed by religious experts with psychology backgrounds using the Likert four-option structure. Subsequently, based on the achieved structure, nearly a hundred initial accounts were designed and validated by experts; and following experts' opinions, some items were eliminated, resulting in a final fifty-question version of the test for evaluation. The reliability of the test was obtained at a level of 0.923 through internal consistency analysis using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The split-half reliability also revealed values of 0.869 and 0.870 for the two halves of the test. Therefore, this test exhibits appropriate validity and reliability.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of personal and social responsibility in the relationship between social capital and students' altruism. The research method was descriptive-survey type. And the statistical population was the students of physical education conservatories in Sistan and Baluchestan province, 285 person were selected as a statistical sample from the cluster sampling method. The data collection tools included was the standard questionnaires was by personal and social responsibility of Lee et al (2008), Social capital Khalifa Soltani et al. (2021) and altruism by Manzur and Olavarrieta (2021). Face and content validity were used to check the validity of the questionnaires.The data was analyzed through structural equation modeling using Lisrel software. Structural equation modeling analyzes confirmed the suitability of the proposed model. The results showed that the positive and direct effects of social capital and personal and social responsibility have positive and direct effects on altruism. Also, the positive and indirect effect of social capital through personal and social responsibility on students' altruism was shown. According to the results of the research, one of the methods of persuading students to engage in extra-role behaviors for altruism, improving social capital and personal and social responsibility.

Today, the sport events are used as a tool for socializing students. The aim of this research is to analyze the lived experience of the international student athletes from participating in the first international students cultural-sports Olympiad, that was done with a qualitative method and a phenomenological approach. The participants were selected through the purposeful sampling method (n=16). Data was collected through in-depth interviews and reflective conversations and also analyzed by the seven step Diekelmann, Allen & Tanner approach (1989). Attempting to reach a common language through sport, it was the main theme. Also, the ten categories of sub-themes were obtained, which include the forming a different image of Iran, getting to know the host country's culture, highlighting of intercultural challenges and efforts to solve them, experiencing the knowledge of Iran, networking and strengthening social relations through the sport, strengthening the sense of humanitarianism, diminishing nationalism and strengthening human solidarity, the disappearance of boundaries and barriers to effective communication, need to comply with the norms and collective values and knowing the core values of the event hosting community. Hence it can be noted that sport has acted as a tool to facilitate socialization as well as to reach a common language; therefore, contemporary society achieves altruism from sport, as long as policy makers use such sport events.

In the analysis of "Philia", Aristotle has deriving friendship from self-love in Nicomachean Ethics, speaking the importance of selfishness on achieving eudemonia. Dose books VIII and IX provide for an altruistic or egoistic view of friendship? Self-love is evident in Aristotle’s words; although the attribution of Aristotle's theory to moral-egoism has been rejected as a teleological theory. Altruism is expressed by the phrase '(to want good things for another 'for his sake and not for one's own'). The theory of Philia is a pattern including love to virtue found by a person in his own self first, and then extends it to the other. , i.e., our feelings or attitudes of friendship are derived from attitudes towards ourselves. The term “another self” represents a motivation for friendship that leads to altruistic goals, That is, attention to the other for the sake of other which arises from the similarity of people in intellectual part (nous).

One of the moral characteristics of humans is altruism. Whether or not a relationship can be established between this human trait and gender is a topic that has been investigated in this article. In this regard, after explaining the sexuality of the soul according to the principles of transcendental wisdom, including the unity of the soul and the body in all the corresponding stages of existence, as well as the expression of the unity and objectivity of the soul and powers in Mullah Sadra's view, the difference in powers between the two sexes, female and male, is pointed out and with the development of the meaning of intelligence from the perspective of Sadra wisdom, especially Mulla Sadra's different view on the faculty of fantasy, the difference in the meaning of intelligence between men and women has been achieved; As a woman's intelligence can be called an emotional intelligence, where empathy and sympathy are its main components, and Since there is a direct connection between altruism and emotions, the connection between altruism and gender is revealed. The necessity and importance of the present research is that by explaining the different moral virtues of women and men based on the principles accepted by Mulla Sadra, it has prevented the discriminatory and unfair valuation (calling each of them strong or weak) of the two sexes, which is one of the concerns of feminist philosophies todayThe present article is a fundamental effort that tries to explain the mentioned result with the the library method and by analyzing the basics of Sadra Wisdom.

The Parvin Etisami's Divan is one of the most unique divans of traditional poetry in the post-constitutional era, in terms of the content of various themes and topics, which has been analyzed from various dimensions in terms of the mentioned characteristics. Moreover, they have considered his social dimension and debates, which has introduced Parvin's poetry as a critical-debating poem. One of the most important themes of his poetry, which has been neglected to some extent, is the ascetic and mundane themes. Although Parveen is not a mystic poet by profession and an ascetic, but due to his introspective personality, he has not neglected to address issues such as inner cultivation and strengthening of spiritual perfections. Struggle with carnal moods, withdrawing from the world, snares and tricks of the times, captivity of the body, ambition, unstable life, etc.; One of the main manifestations of this section are Parvin's thoughts and instructions. In this research, an attempt has been made to analyze various aspects of Parvin's thoughts and beliefs in a descriptive-analytical way, and to compare and align his ascetic thoughts with the behavior of people in the society. to become clear. The findings of the research show that in Parvin's poems, the world and its deceptive manifestations in the form of warnings and warnings such as: the trap of the world, the deception of the world, the instability of the world and the unkindness of the world; They have the highest applied frequency.

Literature has the ability to reflect political, social and cultural thoughts and events of any society (Moosaabadi & colleagues, 2017: 88). One of the characteristics of literature is its activism against various events of human societies (Hasani bagheri & colleagues, 2022: 88). Iranian culture, especially Iranian poetry, has long been a means of expressing love for the homeland and a song for liberation from the yoke of foreigners and aggressors. The glory and greatness of Iran's history and the knowledge of epic and heroic legends among people have played a big role in the patriotism of Iranians. Patriotic poems not only reflect their time, but also excite people and awaken them to defend their motherland and its main elements since language, history, nature, and culture have played a major role (Zabihniya & Najafi: 2019). The word "homeland" has been used in Persian literature in various meanings, and from the 3rd century of the Hijri until today, it is seen in the poems of most Persian-language poets. In the Khorasani style, homeland has more of an ethnic and racial meaning, and Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is a proof of this claim. In the Iraqi style, homeland has a mystical meaning; it is used in the meaning of the world above and the world of the kingdom, and in the Indian style, this word, in addition to meanings such as birthplace, city, higher world, etc. has also been used in the meaning of beloved or the place where beloved lives (Nadalizade & Rahimi, 2020: 54). Patriotism is one of the key concepts that was considered by poets in different periods of Persian poetry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the sense of patriotism in Persian poetry and literature using meta-composite technique.

This research examined whether there was a correlation between belief in a zero-sum game and patriotism in an Iranian sample of 406 survey participants. The international literature suggests that belief in a zero-sum game is relatively high among Iranians. International studies differentiate patriotism from nationalism on the basis that only the former includes a comparative valuation of one’s own country as being better than any other. However, there is little research differentiating forms of nationalism among Iranians. In order to maximize comparability, a survey based on existing international scales measuring belief in a zero-sum game, nationalism and patriotism was developed and distributed online to Iranians in 2019. Parametric statistical analysis of the results did not identify a relationship between belief in a zero-sum game and patriotism. In contrast to the existing literature, respondents displayed a tendency not to believe in a zero-sum game. The respondents showed strong affiliation with their country. However, rather than respondents displaying either nationalism or patriotism, there was a clear correlation between responses to the nationalism and patriotism survey questions. Parametric statistical analysis was employed to offer some hypotheses about different forms of nationalism indicated by the survey results. However, as a completely random sample was not obtained, the results cannot be applied to the general Iranian population with the certainly level of 95 percent anticipated. Further research is needed to develop a valid and widely applicable method of differentiating forms of Iranian nationalism.

The purpose of this study is to achieve the motivational methods of prosocial behavior in Islamic sources. The present study was a qualitative study using content analysis method. The research community includes all religious sources, including the Holy Quran and Shiite narrative sources, and the sample includes statements containing a network of concepts related to prosocial behavior, which is obtained from purposeful sampling. Information and data have also been collected and classified through the study and recording of books, articles, and the use of electronic libraries. To make the research reliable, the Qur'an and various narrative sources have been used to collect data. Frequent comparisons of the obtained themes with each other and their matching with the data and using the opinions of 5 religious and psychological experts in the data analysis steps have been used. Data from Islamic sources were analyzed; Finally, 57 initial codes, 6 themes and 16 sub-themes were obtained. The results of the present study show that in Islamic sources to encourage people to prosocial behavior, four cognitive methods including paying attention to the consequences of prosocial behavior, principles of humanity, cognitive distortions and valuing, emotional method including divine promise and behavioral method including patterning. The main focus is on cognitive methods because it has the most content.

Effective Altruism has discussed helping others both in the domain of theoretical foundations and in the domain of practical foundations. In fact, helping others includes helping other humans, animals, the environment, and any other thing that improves the conditions of men and the world, and the discussion of this issue is of a background as ancient as human existence itself. The Most Good You Can Do by Peter Singer, one of the contemporary thinkers in practical ethics, contains four parts and fifteen chapters. The book has discussed the issue of helping others in a very proper and, of course, effective and applied manner, and it is unique in its specific domain; but the most significant point of weakness of this book is its negligence of the role of global organizations in prevention from war, etc., which in turn can play an effective and even fundamental role in the domain of altruism.

Nowadays, citizenship ethics is one of the necessities of life, and its realization in the individual and social life improves interpersonal relations. The present study aimed to design and to determine the effectiveness of citizenship ethics education in the improvement of altruism and prosocial behaviors in high school girl students. The study design was semi-experimental between groups. The study population was high school girl students in Ardebil city in the academic year 2021-2022. Using multistage cluster sampling method, 60 subjects were selected and were divided into experimental (n = 30) and control (n = 30) groups. The experimental group received citizenship ethics training for 15 sessions; however, the control group received no intervention. They were assessed by Social Problem Solving Questionnaire (Di Zorilla) and Social Behavior Questionnaire (California). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance. Results showed that citizenship ethics training was effective in improving responsibility, commitment, and altruism (p.05). Hence, it can be concluded that citizenship ethics is a prerequisite for adapting to social change and sets the stage for prosocial behaviors so that individuals with citizenship ethics can improve social relationships and ensure psychological health.

The aim of the research is to compare the educational consequences of patriotism and its components in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Islamic teachings.

This research was done with a qualitative method and document analysis type.

In the findings section, first with the topic of patriotism, we will examine some components in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, including; Love for the homeland, paying attention to the fate of the homeland and being sensitive to it, defending the homeland, creating a sense of patriotism and pride for the homeland, making sacrifices for the sake of the homeland, creating a positive feeling towards the homeland and the freedom of the people of the homeland. Also, in the section of Islamic teachings, components such as the security of homeland, city and life, defense of the homeland, sensitivity to the land, the inherent value of the homeland, patriotism, the importance of security and prosperity in the homeland were examined, and at the end, the differences and adaptations were examined. The similarities between the view of the Shahnameh and Islamic teachings were discussed in connection with the discussion of patriotism.

As a result, inspired by the findings obtained, by introducing the new generation to their national and religious values, the best solution can be presented to preserve the zeal and honor of the homeland, and to protect the soil and the homeland in the new generation; Therefore, one of the goals of this research is to provide theoretical content for use in elementary and secondary school textbooks.

Moral education, in the sense of the process of institutionalizing moral values in human existence, is considered one of the most important missions of divine religions. The general structure of these values is the same in different religions, but the moral teachings that are the practical manifestation of these values are different in some details. What is the place of "sacrifice" as an important moral doctrine in moral education? This article examines the place of this doctrine in moral education based on the teachings of Islamic and Jewish sharia by referring to library sources and using the descriptive-analytical method. Both Shari'ahs propose selflessness and sacrifice towards others as one of their most important educational teachings, but they differ in determining its criteria - as a moral act. Paying attention to the race of people in determining examples of self-sacrifice is the most important criterion that exists in Judaism - in its present form; In the sense that self-sacrifice against a non-Jew can have a negative value. On the other hand, the only criterion for self-sacrifice towards others in Islam is that it should be based on God's service. Paying attention to this axis in practice means that only the enemies of God and people who suffer from moral diseases such as wonder and arrogance are not included in the scope of self-sacrifice.

The aim of this study was to examine the impact of a child self-regulation program on the self-perception and friendship quality of children diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study employed a semi-experimental research design with a pre-test-post-test methodology and a control group. The statistical population for this research comprised all 9-12-year-old girls diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in Tehran during the 2021-2022 period. The sample size consisted of 30 participants, with 15 assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group, selected from the statistical population using an available sampling method. While the control group remained on the waiting list, the experimental group received a child self-regulation program. The research instruments utilized were Harter's self-perception scale (2012) and Zohrevand and Hejazi's (2001) friendship quality assessment. The results indicated that the self-regulation intervention had a significant impact on enhancing self-perception and friendship quality during the post-test and follow-up stages. These findings provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of self-regulation programs, which can be utilized by counselors and psychologists to enhance self-perception and friendship quality among children with ADHD.