جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "فرزند اول" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

Surrogacy is a process in which a woman undertakes to carry and give birth to a baby for another couple. In the process of formation of surrogacy relationships, we see a complex network of mothers who are eager to have children through surrogacy. In contrast to the women who are willing to provide their uterus, mediators, medical team, contract law firms and family members of other parties are actors in this process. The exchange relations that are formed along the path of the substitution process are a function of the exchange actors, which can represent a symmetric or asymmetric exchange. The purpose of the present study is to examine the concept of replacement by surrogate mothers. In this way, women who rent their wombs, how do they interpret the matter of replacement. The research method is grounded theory. The participants are: women in Kerman city who have rented their uterus at least once. The key categories obtained are commodification of the body in the replacement process, stigma in surrogacy, control of the ordering mother, defamiliarization of pregnancy and transfer of pregnancy, fragmented identity and the core category is: alienation from pregnancy.

The aim of this study is to compare Behavioral inhibition, early maladaptive schemas, emotion regulation, quality of life of mothers with disabled children and mothers with normal children. The design of the research was comparative causal research and the statistical population was all population included all mothers with disabled and normal children in Lorestan province, from which 286 mothers with disabled children and 286 mothers with normal children selected by available sampling method. Then they answered Carver and White's behavioral inhibition questionnaires (1994), Young's Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (2006), Gross and John's Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2003) and World Health Organization's Quality of Life-Brief (1996). The findings analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that the amount of behavioral inhibition, early maladaptive schemas, emotion regulation of mothers of children with disabilities was higher than that of mothers of normal children. Also, the amount of the quality of life of mothers with disabled children is lower than mothers with normal children. In addition, the results implicitly show that paying attention to various types of organizational support and designing, educational, and therapeutic interventions to improve behavioral inhibition, emotional self-regulation can help improve the health indicators and quality of life of parents.

Increasing the number of children in the Islamic society is strongly encouraged by Islamic texts. Now, the question is whether the Qur'an and hadiths have also paid attention to improving the quality of offsprings and children. It is clear that this issue will affect the size of the family and the population of Muslims. By looking at the texts, it is clear that the quality of offsprings has certainly been taken into consideration. However, to what extent one should seek to improve the quality of his generation and what quality indicators can be used to monitor it, are matters that need further research. This research aims to answer the question of what is more important from the perspective of Islam: the number of children and population increase, or the quality of generation. The research method in terms of data collection is library-based, and in terms of problem solving is the descriptive-analytical-interpretive.The most important findings of the research are: 1. Increasing the number of children is the first demographic principle; 2. In parallel with this principle, promoting “quality” is another demographic principle related to having children, and these two principles should go hand in hand; 3. The most important indicators of child quality from the perspective of the Qur’an and hadiths are as follows: having faith, sincerity in worship, love for the Household of the Prophet (peace be upon them), piety and kindness to parents and the leadership of the pious.

"Rebaeb" means daughters of the first husband. This word is mentioned only in verse 23 of Surah Nisaa. It is well-known in history that Khadijeh was the wife of another man before marrying the Prophet (PBUH) and had daughters who would then become the Prophet's Prophet (pbuh). In this article, we will compare the interpretations of this verse and the historical accounts; the commentators did not make any reference to the children of Prophet Khadijeh. It turns out that the commentators' position was not in vain. Therefore, the Prophet's marriage with Khadijeh (AS) is only one daughter and that is Fatima (AS). Prophet Khadijeh (PBUH) did not marry before the Prophet (PBUH) and had no children. Zaynab, Ruqayyah of Kulthum loan, who came into history; daughters of Prophet Khadijeh (PBUH), who grew up only in the Prophet's skirt, and for this reason The Rebbe said.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parenting education with the approach of acceptance and commitment on distress tolerance and behavioral regulation of emotion of mothers of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The research method was a semi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all the mothers of 8-10-year-old female students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who were studying in the elementary schools of Isfahan city in the academic year of 2022-2023. A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select the sample, and the mothers of 30 children were randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people). The experimental group received parenting intervention with the approach of acceptance and commitment during 10 sessions of 90 minutes. To collect data, Connors Parent Form Questionnaire (CPRS), the distress tolerance questionnaire (DTS) and the emotional regulation questionnaire (BERQ) were used. The data were analyzed using the statistical model of univariate covariance analysis and multivariate covariance analysis and The results showed that the parenting intervention based on acceptance and commitment has a significant effect on increasing the tolerance of distress and its components and the three components of emotional regulation including doing other things, active confrontation and seeking social support and reducing withdrawal and ignoring. . Based on the results, it can be said that interventions based on acceptance and commitment can have effective results in improving the mental health of this group of mothers.

The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews and continued until data collection was saturated. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. Data analysis led to the identification of 3 main themes and 53 sub-themes. The results showed that the sources of stress, positive and negative coping strategies, and the consequences of high stress in girls as the three main themes have a wide range. Therefore, divorce, while disrupting the psychological-emotional balance of family members, causes stress about the future lives of people. In such a way that negative strategies and consequences can overshadow their future and endanger their physical and mental health. According to the results of the research, the need for supportive counseling interventions for this spectrum is felt

This study was conducted to the Factors affecting the reduction of family overnight stays in today's urban life: the case study of the city of Islam Abade Gharb. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach and a descriptive survey method. The required data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this study includes people aged 20 to 60 years living in the city of Islamabad Gharb with 90,559 people who were identified using the Cochran's formula, 312 people and their simple and cluster randomization method was studied. Formal validity was used for the validity of the research instrument and Cronbach's alpha was used to estimate its reliability. Most of the variables had an alpha level above 0.75. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data. The results of multivariate regression show that the beta coefficient for the IT and virtual world variables (Beta = 0.336), is the pivotal child (Beta = 0.240) and increases inflation and decreases purchasing power (Beta = 0.161). The results showed that the decrease in kinship relations among the citizens of Islamabad West is influenced by the three components of information technology and child-centeredness and the increase in inflation and the decrease in purchasing power.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parenting training based on mindfulness on the mental health of mothers with children with disobedience-obstinacy disorder. This research was different from the control group in terms of practical purpose and semi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test design. For this purpose, 34 mothers of elementary school girls suffering from stubborn disobedience disorder were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups after purposive sampling. Mindfulness-based parenting training was provided to the experimental group for 8 sessions. The participants of these two groups completed the Goldberg mental health questionnaire in two stages (before and after training). The tool for collecting research data was library method to determine the relationship between research variables and field method using standard mental health questionnaire of Goldberg (1972). In order to calculate validity, content validity was used and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to calculate reliability, and the results indicated the validity and reliability of the research tool. The data analysis method in the first part was descriptive statistics including mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis to describe the variables as well as percentage, frequency, table and graph to describe the demographic characteristics and in the second part to test the research hypotheses from Multivariate analysis of covariance was used with Spss-V23 software. The findings showed that in the scores obtained from the Goldberg mental health questionnaire, a significant difference was observed in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.01). Also, the qualitative observations showed that the mentioned method has a positive effect on the mental health of mothers with children with disobedience disorder. - He is stubborn.

The primary concern of Muslim parents is raising their children according to Islamic guidelines. In their paper, the authors have aimed to find an Islamic parenting model by examining Islamic sources. The method adopted is a descriptive-analytical one, utilizing documentary methods and qualitative content analysis to collect data. In terms of purpose, this research is considered a fundamental study. As per the Islamic teachings, an Islamic parenting model consisting of three main components is identified: 1. Respect as an emotional-spiritual dimension; 2. Discipline as a behavioral dimension; 3. Education as a cognitive dimension. This purposive parenting model is derived considering the topic under discussion (raising righteous children). This type of design is based on the Darling-Stienberg contextual parenting model. In addition to this model, subcategories were also identified for each of these components.

Matrimony is a sacred event and different affects and consequences arise from it. One of the purposes of people in marriage is having baby, a baby who is the plenipotentiary representative of his/her parents. However, sometimes husband is opposed to her wife pregnancy without any compelling reason. The question is whether childbearing is a right? And if the answer is positive, it is the right of both wife and husband or just one of them? We can understand from the context of jurists and Islamic scholars that childbearing is a right of both parents (not merely a right for man). As husband has the right of getting pregnant, the wife also has the right to become pregnant. According to La Zarar (no prejudice) rule and the assumption of husband’s misconduct, the wife would have the right to divorce if the right of wife (become pregnant) be ignored and man refuse to have a baby.

In jurisprudence, due to the abhorrence of adultery in Sharia, different rulings have been considered for children born out of wedlock. One of these rulings is about the blood price of an illegitimate child. Due to the difference in the opinion of the jurists regarding the assumption of the problem, the present article has studied the heritage of written jurisprudence in a descriptive and analytical way in a problem-oriented research and has reached three different points of view: 1- The famous theory that the amount of money considers the natural child equal to other people; 2- The view of a group of scholars who believe that such a person's dowry is equal to a dhimmi disbeliever; 3- Shazi's point of view, which basically does not believe in the obligation of money in assuming the problem. In the present research, after the detailed counting of the statements in the issue as well as the documentation of each of the above opinions, in the end, the second view which is attributed to a number of the predecessors of the Imamiyyah is considered to have a solid basis and shows the result of the arguments of the chapter. Famous and Shaz's words are not in question.

Effective parenting improves children’s physical, emotional, mental and social health. This research was conducted based on the descriptive phenomenology approach and the purpose of its implementation was to investigate the lived experience of the challenges of raising a deaf child from the perspective of hearing fathers. The sample size was seven people and the main criteria for selecting the participants who were living with a spouse and children, having at least one child with severe or profound hearing loss and congenital sensory impairment, and volunteering to participate in the research. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data and the life experiences of the participants were investigated. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze the interviews. The results of the interviews were classified into 5 main categories under the title of acceptance of the child by parents, social conditions, parents’ awareness, support networks and life challenges. In sum, the analysis of the lived experience of hearing parents with a deaf child showed that they are affected by their child’s deafness in different ways. Therefore, these categories can be used to formulate educational and psychological programs for deaf children with hearing parents.

Parental self-efficacy as an important factor in reducing children's educational and personality disorders is influenced by various factors, among them are parenting styles. So far, no study has been conducted on the effect of parenting training based on self-determination theory on the self-efficacy of parents.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the parenting training package based on the self-determination theory on parenting self-efficacy.

The present research is based on quantitative and qualitative data type, prospective in terms of time and an exploratory mixed research regarding the aim. First, a parenting training package based on the theory of self-determination was compiled and after confirming validity and reliability by experts, in order to investigate its impact on parenting self-efficacy, 40 parents with a children aged 7 to 11 years in Damavand city were selected by purposive sampling, divided into two groups, experimental and control, and completed the parenting self-efficacy scale (Domka, 1996) in the pre-test and post-test stages.

The results of the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that the F value (P< 0.01,
F= 14.21) for the effect of the independent variable (group) on the parenting self-efficacy score was statistically significant and the parenting self-efficacy of mothers who underwent the intervention was more than the parents of the control group and the effect size is 33%.

In line with past research, it was found that the use of self-determination in parenting improves the self-efficacy of parents in regard to raising children properly, and Domka self-efficacy questionnaire can be used in family studies.

Objective:

 The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of anger management and parenting training on selective attention in students with oppositional defiant disorder.

This research was applied in terms of purpose, and quasi-experimental design of pre-test and post-test design with a control group in terms of the data nature. The statistical population included all fifthand sixth-grade elementary school students in District 9 of Tehran City in the academic year of 2019-2020, of which 45 were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The anger management experimental group based on cognitive-behavioral approach was trained in eight 1.5hr sessions, the parenting experimental group was trained in nine 90min sessions, and the control group remained on the waiting list. The instruments used in the present study included the Scoring Scale for Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Children (Homersen et al., 2006) and the word “Stroop” color test for selective attention, which were used in two stages: pre-test and post-test.

The analysis of data obtained from the questionnaire was performed through the SPSS-V24 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (analysis of covariance).

The results revealed that the groups receiving the anger management and parenting training programs showed greater effectiveness on selective attention in students with oppositional defiant disorder than the control group. Coping had the same effect in the two groups of “anger management” and “parenting”. It seems that therapists, researchers and psychotherapists in the field of children and adolescents can use the educational programs of the present study to increase the selective attention of learners.

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the live experience of birth order in the communicational dimension based on the perspective of the first children.

The present research method is applied and qualitative type of phenomenology. The participants of this research included the first children of Isfahan city in 2022. The selection of the participants was continued in a targeted manner until the saturation point and finally the selection of the first 16 children and the participants were subjected to semi-structured interviews. In order to analyze the data, the Colaizzi theme analysis method was used.

Data analysis led to the identification of, 53 primary concepts 10 central themes and 3 main themes. The results showed that intra-family communication was classified into 6 themes of (continuity of relations with parents, separation of relations with parents, improvement of relations with other children, separation of relations with other children, satisfaction with marital relationship and repressed psychological needs). The second main theme of personal communication included (increasing and decreasing the quality of communication with oneself). Finally, the theme of social communication was classified into the sub-themes of (lack of social interest and limitation in friendships).

Overall, the results showed that being the first child can affect various aspects of communication and create challenges in marriage, friendships, social and family relationships. Modifying interactive patterns and informing parents and children can be effective in preventing challenges. Because the order of birth plays an important role in the formation of intra-family and extra-family relationships

The aim of this study was to investigate the moderating role of parent-child interaction in relationship of parenting practices with behavioral problems of elementary students. The method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population was all students of secondary elementary and their parents in Bojnourd. Three hundred and seventy two students of secondary elementary were selected by cluster sampling. The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (Frick, 1991), Parent-Child Interaction (Lange et al, 2002) and rating behavior problems Scale (Connors, 1990) were completed by participants. Data were analyzed by correlation and Hayes regression analysis. The results showed that the dimensions of corporal punishment and lack of parental supervision were positively correlated and the dimensions of parenting and participation were negatively correlated with behavioral problems. Parent-child interaction was also negatively associated with behavioral problems. The results of Hayes regression analysis showed that parent-child interaction, child-mother interaction and child-father interaction moderate the relationships of parenting dimensions of poor supervision, corporal punishment, parent-child participation and positive parenting with behavioral problems. The results show that when parent-child interaction is strong, ineffective methods of poor supervision and corporal punishment do not increase behavioral problems. Also, despite positive parenting, behavioral problems will not be reduced if there is no strong interaction with the children. Therefore, the impact of parenting on behavioral problems is influenced by the parent-child interaction.

This study was conducted to compile a premarital counseling package for girls on the brink of marriage whose parents are divorced. The current study was applied and conducted based on a mixed-methods research design. For this purpose, a qualitative systematic review was initially conducted, and then the descriptive survey was used. Since the initial stage of every systematic review includes a complete and regular search of the existing literature, Persian articles published from 2012 to 2022 were selected. Finally, 12 articles were investigated by searching Mag-Iran, SID, Irandoc, and Comprehensive Portal of Human Sciences databases. Also, the revised PRISMA2020 checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the studies, and all 12 studies possessed the necessary quality to enter the systematic review. An educational counseling package including various techniques and concepts was compiled by reviewing the literature. Besides, ten experts in the field of counseling were selected based on availability to check the content validity. The findings of the qualitative phase showed three major negative psychological, sociological, and family experiences. Finally, the findings of the quantitative phase resulted in developing the content of counseling sessions in twelve weekly sessions of 60-90 minutes. Its content validity and Kappa agreement coefficient were .8 and .71, respectively. It can be said that the premarital educational counseling package has appropriate validity and is suggested to be used for girls with divorced parents.