جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "halliday" در نشریات گروه "علوم انسانی"

All texts are made up of single words, words and sentences that are put together for a specific purpose to convey a specific meaning or concept. A text is a longer unit than a sentence and becomes a discourse when it is coherent. In coherence theory, text analysis is at the core of all readings. In fact, the author reflects his real and meta-real world with the help of language and maintaining the relationship between the elements that make up the text, adding to the semantic depth, effectiveness and allure of the text as well as its appeal to the audience. The present study analyzed the elements of the text coherence in Ibn Hussām Khosfi's Khāvarān Nāma, using Halliday and Hassan’s text coherence theory (1976 AD), in the two categories of "grammatical and lexical". One finding of this research is that lexical and semantic elements, especially the element of repetition, are the first and foremost factor of coherence and cohesion of the text. Considering that the Khāvarān Nāma is an epic-narrative text from the omniscient point of view, the text has a central axis and the reference of pronouns in the sentences, as another important factor in text coherence, is both limited and specific. What creates this unity and coherence is the poet’s profound thought, which flows in the longitudinal axis of the poems.

The issue of coherence or Incoherence of Hafez's sonnets has long been the concern of many writers and Hafez scholars. In the contemporary world, many linguistic theories are effective for explaining and interpreting such matters. This research, which is written in a descriptive-analytical method, tries to clarify and explain the issue of non-structural coherence and show the components of this coherence based on the model of Halliday and Hasan (according to role-oriented linguistics and the principles of text coherence ), to explain and examine the issue of non-structural cohesion in Hafez's sonnet. In this research, the non-structural coherence of Hafez's Sonnet will be investigated and analyzed at three levels: 1- lexical or lexical coherence (repetition, common semantic field: semantic synonymy, semantic contrast, opposition, lexical inclusion, virtual commonality); 2- syntactic or grammatical coherence (reference, deletion, replacement); 3- Coherent coherence (semantic-grammatical relations). The result of the research indicates that despite the fact that Hafez's verses in this sonnet seem to lack coherence and each verse seems to be independent from another verse, these verses have a non-structural unity and coherence.

ABSTRACTOne of the foremost vital speculations managing with content coherence is the printed coherence hypothesis of Michael Halliday and Ruqia Hassan (1976). Coherence is the coherence that happens between the lexicon and sentences coming about from a content, and this coherence comes through syntactic and lexical implies that interface the components that make up the text. Coordination could be a set of linguistic and lexical connections that interface sentences or communicate between sentence components. It is one of the driving hypotheses in analyzing the content and perusing it agreeing to the printed information. From here, this investigate tries, It got to be clear to us that the text of the Baghdadi Maqama depends in its coherence on the referral in plenitude, because it is visit in all regions of the content and shapes connections that made the Maqama an interconnected and coherent texture, as the referral constitutes a set of connections between the different components within the space of the content. The erasure had a incredible affect on the consistency of the content as well, because it made a difference the reader focus on the most components of the content and dodge futile prolongation. These instruments made a difference accomplish printed coherence and give a semantic and consistent interface between the components of the content.

Some linguistic theories have been used in recent decades to analyze the text and to show the coherence of literary works, and the textual coherence theory of Halliday and Hassan (1976) is one of them. According to this theory, one of the main characteristics of the text is "coherence". The degree of this coherence is measured by examining the use of coherence elements in three categories: lexical, grammatical and conjunctive. In this article, we examined and extracted elements of coherence in the text of Ghazli by Hafez and its translation by Konstantin Lipskarov. With this analysis, it was found that the percentage of lexical grammatical coherence in Hafez's sonnet is higher than its translation, but the amount of syntactic coherence in the original sonnet and translation is equal to each other. Finally, with the obtained results, it can be said that the consistency of the Russian translation of this sonnet is acceptable compared to its original.

In Michael Halliday’s Systemic Functional linguistics, metafunction is a suitable tool for examining the worldview and the discourses in a text.  It is also one of the literary and rhetorical tools which can best help to explain the symbolic and allegorical language as well as the complex concepts of a poet-mystic such as Farid-Al- Din Attār Nishābūrī. Therefore, among metafunctions proposed by Hallidays’ in his systematic order, this study examined ideational and interpersonal metafunctions in Attār’s The Conference of the Birds (Manteq-Al-Tayr-e), using a descriptive-analytical method. A number of 2900 verses in The Conference of the Birds were selected and analyzed. The results of the research show that among the 6 ideational metafunctions, the material process has the highest frequency and the behavioral process has the lowest frequency in this work. Material processes play a significant role in concretizing the spiritual evolution illustrated in The Conference of the Birds. Among the material processes, the objective and involuntary processes respectively show the highest and the lowest frequency. In the interpersonal metafunction, the high frequency of the statements indicates the poet's adherence to the truth of the propositions. As the study demonstrates, most verses have a positive polarity. Qualitative terms that express an opinion, orientation, description and justification of a claim, have a high frequency. Hence, employing Halliday's metafunctions, it is possible to recognize how Attār stands out from the other poets.

In this article, using the theory of cohesion in the theoretical framework of Halliday's systematic role-oriented order, We have discussed to the analysis of cohesion and continuity in the texts of two ‘Holy Defense’ novels, namely "Safar be geraye 270 daraje" and "Del-e-deldadegi" to make it clear. In the sentences of these two books, how the components of different types of coherence are used in order to achieve the coherence of the text. From Halliday's point of view, coherence is one of the criteria for the meaningfulness of a text and the presence of various coherence factors of the text from the non-text distinguishes. Therefore, the absence of cohesive factors in the text can create difficulties in conveying and conveying the meaning hidden in it.  In this research, it was determined that in "Safar be geraye 270 daraje" the rate of using grammatical cohesion factors and connective cohesion was equal to 43.5% and in the next order, 13% of lexical cohesion factors were used, while in "Del-e-deldadegi" the amount of grammatical factors used was 40%, lexical factors 31% and connective factors 29%. The reason for these differences is due to the different style of the two authors in the narration and the time course of the narration. In general, the frequency of using all cohesion factors in all three grammatical, linking and lexical sections in "Del-e-deldadegi" was more than "Safar be geraye 270 daraje" except for the component of additive letters. Another point is that the use of components such as contradiction and causative letters is more than the norm "Del-e-deldadegi" is a sign of polyphony, and in contrast to the lack of use of causative letters and the low frequency of using contradiction, it indicates a monophonic narrative of war in "Safar be geraye 270 daraje"

The Holy Quran is the most eloquent text available to mankind. To examine and analyze this unique text, researchers have used various methods and models so far. One of the new methods of text analysis has been proposed in the form of Halliday and Hassan's textual cohesion theory. Examining the Qur'an text from the perspective of the role-oriented systematic theory of Halliday and Hassan, based on the semantic relations that lead to the creation of cohesion , can show how with the linguistic device of substitution, an element has been able to replace a lot of meaning with a little vocabulary and avoid unnecessary repetition. It avoids a verbal form, sentences or sentences and produces a coherent and integrated text while repeating the concept and continuity of the meaning and line of thought. Sometimes several verses are tied together and connected to such an extent that it is not possible to remove or move one of them without causing a disturbance in the meaning and creating ambiguity and confusion for the audience . Substitution device in Surah Al-Nahl by creating knots and links of the Co-Classification and creating a coherent chain, respectively: Clausal substitution, nominal substitution and Verbal substitution, have the highest to the lowest frequency. Continuity and continuation of the meaning and creating a connection between the verses without repeating many pronouns in accordance with the principle of linguistic economy is a matter that happened with the careful use of the Substitution device in this surah.

The interaction and correspondence of a set of linguistic, literary, narrative, and discourse elements form a network of relationships with varying degrees of influence in connection with the text. The combination and integration of the views of theorists in linguistic, discourse, and narrative fields prevent the researcher from giving a one-sided account and pave the way for achieving more desirable results. In this study, using an integrative approach, we have attempted to present some of the most important linguistic, discourse, and narrative elements as effective factors in meaning formation, and to describe the position and the role of each of these elements in the text to understand the intra- and extra-textual aspects. To this end, the present research based its analysis on Halliday and Hasan's three-tiered theory of linguistics (context, agents, and mode of discourse). It also referred to Riffaterre's views for the description of the discourse context in poetics. Regarding the narratology, reference has been made to some statements of structuralist narratologists, and finally, for the description of discourse agents, Van Leeuwen's (2008) views on discourse and actors have been utilized. The results of the research show that firstly, the foundational theme and discourse context in Arash the Archer's poetry is the reproduction of the anticipation and hope for liberation through the emergence of a hero and savior. Secondly, the agents (actors) of discourse are divided into two main categories: the agent of action and the recipient of action. Arash, in the role of the sacrificed hero, is the agent of action in the narrative, and the people of the city, who are passive and waiting, are represented as the recipients of action. Thirdly, due to the specific discursive and ideological field to which Kasrai belonged, he omitted the ‘king’ character in the narrative.

The present article aims to analyze the ideational function of "to quarrel the Chinese and the Romans" by analyzing the process of verbs and the transitive system based on Halliday's functional theory. In other words, the discovery of the empirical, mental and objective world of Rumi in this debate is done by analyzing and examining the processes of the ideational function. The statistical society is all the verses of this debate (33 verses) and the sample includes all its verbs (68 verbs in 33 vers The findings and results of this research are: It seems that Halliday's functional theory is appropriate in reading the story of the Chinese and the Romans. In this story, material processes are one of the tools of Rumi's thought to establish a more concrete and objective relationship with the audience and, as a result, clarify his mystical circuits. Therefore, in this debate, material processes have been placed at the service of Rumi's mystical vision.

One of the important components in Halliday's systematic role-oriented linguistics is the category of subject-predicate, by means of which the process of initialization and construction of old and new information can be investigated in any text, including Manteq-al- Tayr. Therefore, with the descriptive-analytical method, we are trying to investigate the problem of simple and compound primers according to Michael Halliday's approach in Manteq-al-Tayr. The purpose of the research is to investigate the frequency of the most types of initiators, scrambling, and to explain the verbal purposes hidden in the depth of the textual structure of Manteq-al-Tayr. The results of the research show that the percentage of multiple themes is more than simple themes, which indicates the affinity of the text with the speech, and also, Attar has used all the capacities to facilitate readers' understanding. In the simple themes, the poet has used the initial construction of the verb, more than other initial constructions of object, complement, adjective, interrogative and adverb, which has made the construction of information clauses stand out and marked. Among multiple themes, textual primers have a higher frequency than interpersonal primers. Textual primers have played a significant role in the textual coherence of Manteq-al- Tayr.

The present article aims to analysis Rumi's discourse in Shams's Ghazaliyat based on "Interpersonal Transcendence" within the framework of Halliday's role orientation. In studying and examining the texts, what is important is to understand the message and the author's main purpose of writing that text. In literary texts, the speaker's meaning is not always what it seems to the audience at first glance. Rather, concepts and layers of hidden meaning are brought behind the apparent words that contain the main purpose of the author. Reaching the author's intellectual world and worldview creates a deep and different mental space for the reader. This research answers these questions, how is Halliday's role-oriented systematic order efficient in the analysis of literary texts. In the interpersonal trans-role, how to deal with a larger structure than the text, and the possibility of analyzing the text is created. The hypothesis of the research is that the transpersonal role increases the interaction between the speaker and the audience and creates a more open space for discourse analysis. The statistical population is ghazaliyat Shams and the method used is analytical-descriptive. This research has shown that Halliday's role-oriented systematic theory is efficient in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the text, in the discourse analysis. Based on the interpersonal role, the speaker's interaction with the audience and the characteristics of Shams's ghazaliyat have been determined, and the possibility of discourse analysis has been established.

This research has been done to investigate the impact of gender on different processes usage in writings of foreign learners of Persian language based on Halliday's systemic functional grammar approach. The method of this research is descriptiveanalytic method. The sample and the corpus of this research was the writing of 248 advanced female and male foreign learners of Persian language of the center for teaching Persian language in Ferdowsi university of Mashhad. Sampling method is done in this order: first, the writing of 248 advanced female and male foreign learners of Persian language was separated based on gender (124 men and 124 women); Then, the process of the verbs in the texts was determined based on the segmentation of Halliday; after that, the distribution of all processes, was determined and shown by charts and compared. The results indicate that the material and relational processes are the most frequent processes and the existential and verbal processes are the least frequent processes in writing of advanced female and male foreign learners of Persian language. The results showed that the women have used the different processes in their writing more than the men. The men have used the material process, 3.26 percent more than the women. The women have used the mental process, 2.83 percent more than the men.

Coherence means creating a relationship and continuity between two or more structures that are grammatically equal to each other. Today, there are many factors and tools to create continuity and organization of the semantic-syntactic structure of a text. The components of relational consistency are considered as one of the tools of integration between the phrases of a text, which was proposed by McHoliday and Ruqiyeh Hassan. Conjunctive elements include: Conjunctive elements can appear in four additional, causal, unexpected and temporal types. The element of time connection itself includes four components: sequential, simultaneity, referential and final. Based on the descriptive-analytical method, the present essay examines the role of the mentioned components in the syntactic-semantic organization of the verses of the Holy Quran. The findings of the research show that the components of relational consistency in the selected examples most connected the semantic structure of the sentences to each other, although these elements had an outward manifestation in most of the examples, but by reflecting more on the expressions, it can be realized that these components make the conceptual structure of the text. are linked to each other.

A Study on the Characters of “ Souvashoon ” through the Lens of Simpson ’s Narrative Stylistics and Halliday’s Functional GrammarAbstractThis paper employs Halliday Functional Grammar and Simpson ' s framework to conduct a stylistic analysis of Simin Daneshvar ' s " Souvashoon ". The analysis utilizes Systemic Functional Grammar to examine the novel's ideational and experiential meta function, verbal processes, and Mood. Additionally, Simpson's narrative stylistics is employed to analyze the characters, sociolinguistic codes, textual structure, and intertextuality. Data for this research is collected using library methods. The results indicate a significant correlation between word choice, verbal processes, Mood, and the representation of characters in " Souvashoon ". Based on these findings and evaluations, it is evident that the representation of characters can be discerned through an investigation of sociolinguistic codes, textual structures, and intertextuality.Keywords: Narrative Stylistics, Simpson, Functional Grammar, Halliday, " Souvashoon ", Character s

Hafez's poetry, known for encompassing all horizons even during his lifetime, has a unique style, structure, and exceptional content in his ghazals. Some readers who have read his ghazals may mistakenly perceive their verses as disjointed and separate, assuming that they are meant to challenge the vertical coherence. However, the coherence and continuity primarily concern the domain of semantic relationships between the textual units, and it is these relationships that provide cohesion and coherence to the discourse. The connection between the text and the sentence or phrase is not solely due to its size and appearance, which are factors of textual linkage, but rather due to its realization within the sentence. Therefore, in this library-based and descriptive article, three ghazals from Hafez's Divan of Ghazals have been randomly selected, with one ghazal serving as the base and the other two ghazals serving as supporting examples. It is assumed that all of his ghazals possess vertical and horizontal coherence. Based on Michael Alexander Kirkwood Halliday's theory of textual coherence and cohesion, as well as Ruqaiyah Hassan's and Kolān Estāre-ye Zoltan Koovachesh's theory of major metaphor, the research hypothesis has been examined and analyzed to either support or refute it. The research results demonstrate that out of the three general categories of textual coherence factors proposed by Michael Halliday and Ruqaiyah Hassan, the frequency of grammatical factors ranks first, lexical factors rank second, and the linking factor, which is responsible for horizontal coherence, ranks third. While lexical and grammatical factors are not only influential in achieving horizontal coherence but also contribute to vertical coherence, based on Koovachesh's theory, which primarily focuses on the domain of semantic relationships between textual units (verses), the verses of each of these ghazals are placed under the shadow of a major metaphor that does not have explicit manifestation in the text. They are blended together with subtle conceptual metaphors present in the text, thus establishing the coherence of the ghazal. In addition to textual factors, extratextual elements such as allusion and omission contribute to their coherence and cohesion within the spiritual context present in these ghazals.Therefore, these ghazals, since they possess all the necessary components that, according to the mentioned theories, are required to establish textual coherence and cohesion, demonstrate both vertical and horizontal coherence. It can be said that Halliday-Hassan's and Koovachesh's theories are applicable in determining the textual coherence and cohesion of Persian ghazal poetry, and the pattern used in this research can be utilized for the analysis and critique of rhetorical aspects in other texts, especially ghazals.

Ghazal is one of the poetic forms that has a brilliant record in the history of Persian poetry and is still considered by those interested in poetry. One of the contemporary lyricists whose poetry has been considered in recent years is Fazel Nazari. He is known as the "current" poet of the last decade. The theory of the coherence of the Halliday text, which was developed with the collaboration of Roghayeh Hassan, examines the literary text in three axes of grammatical, lexical and logical coherence (semantic or conjunctive).In the present study, one of the well-known sonnets of Fazel Nazari based on the criteria of Halliday and Hassan theory, in both vertical and horizontal axes, has been studied. The results have been obtained: Ghazal Fazel Nazari has a high capacity in terms of attention to the elements of grammatical and lexical coherence and all the words of its verses are chained together. All its verses, in terms of logical coherence, have also paid attention to the techniques of coherence, according to Holliday and Hassan theory, and most of its verses have more than one of the criteria of this type of coherence. According to Halliday and Hassan's theory, in the sonnet in question, one of the reasons for paying attention to Fazel Nazari's poetry in the last decade can be considered as the prominence of the elements of this theory in his poetry.

Halliday's SFG is one of the theories that is effective in the analysis of literary texts. In this theory,the understanding of language,language uses is formed in context of situation,social context. From Halliday's point of view,context of situation is a sign that has three components,and each component corresponds to one of the triple metafunctions of language. In comparative study of literary texts,analysing of each of these metafunctions cause to understand the meaning of the text,the attitude of the speaker of the text about the subject. In this article,based on this theory,the elegies written by two contemporary poets,Sohrab Sepehri,Ahmed Shamloo,in the mourning for Forough Farrokhzad are studied. By studying transitional structure,logical – semantic structure,taxis structure,modal structure,theme – rheme structure,and information structure as well as non-structural relations cause to understad the linguistic,textual differences,similarities of these two texts. The research method is qualitative,quantitative. This study shows tht Shamloo tends to represent the outer world in his elegies,Sepehri tends to represent the inner world. Shamloo considers his audience,i.e. Forough Farrokhzad,present,therefore uses the present tense,while Sepehri only uses the past tense considering the audience absent.