جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "صنایع دفاعی" در نشریات گروه "علوم سیاسی"

One of the most important challenges in the technology acquisition process is choosing the optimal acquisition method according to the many methods available in this field. In the defense industries of J.A., the importance of this is twofold, and therefore the aim of the research is to identify and rank the effective dimensions and components in this strategic decision. Based on this, first by studying the literature and resources of the field of technology acquisition and using the opinions of 25 experts, twenty components were calculated in the form of four main dimensions of this process, including the characteristics of the technology, receiver, holder and environmental conditions. Then, using the fuzzy hierarchical analysis approach, a questionnaire was designed and given to a sample of 95 experts who were selected by random stratification. The results of the analysis of the received data show that the ranking of the dimensions influencing the choice of the defense acquisition method includes the characteristics of the technology, the receiver, the environmental conditions, and the holder, respectively. The comparison of the final weights of the components also shows that the type of technological defense foundation, protection considerations and technology life cycle are the most important and sanctions, laws and international sensitivities are the least important in this important process.

Since the Arab Spring commenced in 2011, Turkey has increasingly relied on military tools in its foreign policy. Military force is the most important indicator of displaying hard power, especially in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Ankara has shifted to a hard-power approach to secure itself from threats in and achieve its aspirations of becoming a regional power. Turkey’s military activism and assertive policies during the last few years would not have been possible without strong homegrown defense capabilities and drone power. Therefore, the question of this research is how the developments in the National Defense Industry (NDI), as the most important axis of the country's activity, have affected the increase of Turkey's hard power in the Middle East and North Africa from 2011 to 2021? This article uses John Mearsheimer's offensive realism theoretical framework to answer this question. This research is qualitative, descriptive and analytical. The method of data collection has done in a library manner, and articles, books and websites have been used. 

Since the whiplash phenomenon is an effective and decisive factor in supply chains; Therefore, an attempt is made to improve the performance of the defence industry of the Islamic Republic of Iran by controlling and reducing it. The current research tries to obtain an approach to improve the performance of supply chains. For this purpose, the effect of the whiplash phenomenon on multi-product, multi-stage and multi-level supply chains has been quantified based on time series, and a mathematical model has been obtained for it. In addition to that, other important and effective parameters such as the amount of target net storage have been studied. Also, the impact of the whiplash phenomenon on supply chains was obtained with the help of simulation and with the perspective of time series based on appropriate algorithms. To validate the findings, the results have been compared with a case study. Also, the effect of the whiplash phenomenon on the existing case study was optimized with the help of optimizer software, and as a result, it is found that the use of the time series model as a demand model and the daily inspection of distributors' inventory and the daily transportation of products to complete their inventory will reduce the whiplash effect. in the defence industry of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In addition, it was found that the daily inspection of the distributors' inventory and the shipment of the product on a daily basis to complete their inventory will have favourable effects.

Undoubtedly, the defense and military industries play an irreplaceable role in the sustainable development of a country, and this role is better played when the correct policy is made in this area. With regard to this goal, this is an applied and developmental research and is considered to be a review and verification of analytical factors; Also, the validity and reliability of this research was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha of 0.858 and content validity of 0.92. The number of statistical population was 116 people, of which 113 people were randomly selected. Previous researchers have proposed different influencing factors in policy making patterns. Due to the lack of a final model, the aim of this research was to identify and combine the factors introduced in past studies and achieve a single policy model for the country's defense industries in order to achieve quality goals. Since achieving a comprehensive model requires a complete study of previous literature, a systematic review method was used to achieve this goal. In this study, reliable domestic and foreign scientific databases were used in order to find the sources of related studies. Finally, by examining 68 studies related to the research topic, a pattern with 19 main factors and 273 secondary factors was identified. Since the process approach has been used in this study as the main policy approach, the authors of this study categorized the identified main and secondary factors in the form of a process model. Finally, by performing confirmatory factor analysis and removing three indicators, tangible and intangible results, the structure and final result of a model was introduced as a model emerging from previous studies.

Regarding fact that the aerospace industry is one of the industries with advanced technology and due to the usage of current technology in the production process of its yields, it needs to move within the boundaries of knowledge and technology. What facilitates this affair is research and development in this industry. This study aims to develop a model for improving research and development capabilities to attain business goals in these industries, using the system dynamics method as a powerful instrument to analyze the components affecting the system and analyze the relationships between them and predict future system behavior based on the defined scenarios.Nine dimensions of research and development capabilities in these industries were identified in two main categories, including general and specific factors. Cause and effect loops have been extracted with the help of industry experts and the pattern design and validation has been done using Vensim software. In this study, three scenarios have been considered to increase the amount of research and development competences. In the baseline scenario, it is assumed that the values ​​of the parameters and decision-making levers are in line with the past trends. In the optimistic state, the exogenous variables increase by 20 percent in comparison with the initial state, and in the pessimistic state, the exogenous variables decrease by ±20 percent compared to the initial state. The simulation results show that a 20 percent changes in the variables shows the effects that are consistent with the change, which in the optimistic case increases the specific capabilities by about 16 percent and the general capabilities by about 18 percent, which point to the effectiveness of the changes.

In leading organizations, the development of managers' capabilities as an activating capacity, particularly in the realm of leadership is a priority. Employing or training managers with leadership skills in defense industry organizations to respond quickly to opportunities and threats, in line with the fluctuating environment of the future is of prime importance. Nevertheless, a suitable model is not available in this regard. Using interpretive and positivist paradigms, the aim of this study was to develop a promising indigenous model for the development of leadership competencies of defense industry managers. It is an applied-developmental research and its approach was a mixed one (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section included senior and top managers of defense industries and scientific experts in the field of leadership development from which a statistical sample (n=131) was selected in a stratified random sampling manner through Cochran's formula. Data collection instrument were interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire whose face and content validity were confirmed by experts and factor validity and its reliability were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and combined and shared reliability. Qualitative data analysis was performed by interpretive method and quantitative data was performed by using factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Therefore, the final model were compiled with an appropriate fit including 4 dimensions of individual competencies development (0.978), group competencies development (0.886), organizational competencies development (0.864) and strategic competencies development (0.842), and 9 components and 86 indices.

Technological synergy is one of the most important strategies to reduce the technological gap between later countries and technology leaders, in which later countries can reduce their distance from leaders by imitation, leap and investment. The country's defense industry has developed the technological capabilities required by its various departments during the technological transition process, which has resulted in reducing the existing technological gap and increasing the country's competitiveness in the field of defense. In this regard, the success of technological innovation in the defense industry requires the use of specialized manpower. In this regard, the role of specialized manpower in the technological approach of the maritime industry of the country's defense sector has been identified and explained in the present study. current stu In terms of purpose, exploration and how to do it is qualitative. Data were collected from interviews with academic experts and the defense industry department using content analysis using MAXQDA software. Findings show that the five main factors of "technological learning", "knowledge base", "formulation and implementation of indigenous development model", "systems and innovation network" and "human capital" as significant dimensions of the role of human resources in the technological success of the maritime industry The defenses are remarkable.

The importance of conducting research on issues in the field of human resources has become more apparent regarding the changes in this arena. This research aims to study the future of human resources and also to recognize the characteristics of human resources during the future decades in the defense industries. Thus, in this study, at first the effective drivers on the future of human resources were extracted by conducting interviews and data analysis method, then in order to determine the validity of these drivers, the expertise of professors and experts in this field were used in the form of expertise Delphi. The statistical population included experts in the field of human resources in the defense industries and the sampling method is nonprobability due to the quality of the research method. Finally, by using interviews and extracting drivers and surveying experts in the form of expertise Delphi and using SPSS software, the most important drivers affecting the future of human resources were presented. The results of this study showed that the most important drivers affecting the future of human resources are as the following: Economic inequity, decline in the attraction of employing knowledgeable forces in government organizations, reduction in economic growth, intergenerational gap, increase of elders in the future of the country and unemployment. Finally, solutions have been presented for each of these drivers.

As one of the different industrial organizations of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Marine Industry Organization (MIO) has been using the most common patterns in organizations and businesses to develop their capabilities. Due to the specific conditions of these organizations, despite some successes, they need to customize the mentioned organizational patterns in the regard of which, some efforts have been made. In the same vein, this research is aimed to present an improved model for the procedural pattern of strategy formation in MIO. To that end, the research applies Interpretative-Structural Modeling (ISM) as the method. By this method, the pattern is designed and then is approved upon experts’ opinions. The basic approach for this pattern is "capabilities" and also, it has been used through futures studies approaches, in particular "scenario analysis" to manage the uncertainty of the future environment of MIO. Finally, to avoid abstract approach, it has been implemented in MIO and its strategies for technological capabilities development are extracted.

The fundamental factor of organizational competitiveness in the current economy has become knowledge of tangible and intangible resources of the past. Considering the existence of subjective knowledge and objective knowledge in the organizational structure, it is necessary together. Considering the existence of subjective knowledge and objective knowledge in the organizational structure, it is necessary together. With the help of modern tools such as information technology, there are opportunities for scholarly organizations to advance themselves to a knowledge-based organization through the acceleration of the knowledge cycle. The main goal of the organization is to apply knowledge management to maintain competitive advantage and maintain it in the stages of growth and maturity in the organization's life cycle.Defensive industries as scholarly organizations are no exception to this and are even more prominent than other organizations. In this study, a comprehensive study of the factors affecting the knowledge management system in organizations was first extracted with extensive study of literature and previous research. After screening by internal and external experts, seven main axes and 43 effective units in this area were identified and their validity was confirmed by the experts using the Treston method. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Krone Bach's alpha coefficient and by statistical sampling, 85 questionnaires were analyzed. The most important factors including organizational structure, leadership, processes, staff, technology, strategy, and outcomes were identified through the use of structural equation analysis and PLS software. According to the rankings, the organizational structure of the defense industry has had the most importance and consequences from the perspective of the experts of those industries in the implementation of KM.

The strategic status of a country in the present century will depend on a blend of economic and military influence. In order to develop technology, standardization has been unavoidable and has created industrial and economic growth for a country. Regarding the outstanding developments of the country's defense sector in terms of innovation and creation of new products and services, the need to focus on standardization of the terms and definitions of organizations, processes, services, defense products and technical technologies as basic characteristics of quality and safety in them has been an inevitable affair and development of defense standardization has always been one of the main concerns of defense in the country. In this research, the opinions of 14 standardization experts were used to design the researcher-made questionnaire with a Likert spectrum and with the help of Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated and the data was collected from 92 technology and standardization experts of some defense industries. By means of the correlation analysis of variables, the strategic opportunities ensuing from the participation of the country's defense industry in standardization were identified, and using analysis of variance, these factors were graded in order of effectiveness. The results of this study show that facilitating cooperation and coordinating mechanisms, facilitating research and development and influencing the development of governmental laws and policies are the most important opportunities from participation in standardization for the country's defense industry.

The way inventors in defense industries are championed is a more controversial issue in the Law on Intellectual Property. The problem is that on the one hand, as the general rules of intellectual property state,  supporting inventors through granting patents (as a document indicating ownership and the right of exclusive use) involves the disclosure of information concerning inventions, and on the other hand, the country's defense imperatives require having to maintain confidentiality as related to these inventions. For this purpose, the question raised is that of whether the material rights capable of being granted to inventors in defense industry, and totally speaking, the way those inventors are supported should be the same as the way other inventors (i.e. non-defense inventors) are supported. In the present article, we seek to make a comparative study of the material rights capable of being granted to inventors in defense industry in China, Russia, the United States and Iran with library method in an effort to detect and introduce a convenient legal system as for inventors' material rights in defense industries in these countries. Finally, it is concluded that, firstly, due to inevitable limitations that follow from the confidentiality of defense inventions and the Administration's supervision over how these inventions are employed, making a payment as compensation or reward on top of exclusive property right is increasingly logical and closely aligned with defense and economic interests, and secondly, issuing patents in order to support the inventors in defense-related industries is far from colliding with the basics of intellectual property law.

Policies of the defense industry are one of the most important branches of industrial policy of countries, and industrial policy itself is considered as one of the branches of public policy. Industrial policy involves the various methods of government intervention in the field of industry and technology which is cooperatively and consciously applied in order to progress in industrial development. In the meantime, the behavioral irregularities of the industrial sector in the country's economic composite result from two different dominions, firstly, from the slowness of the internal relations, and second, from the inconsistencies with its peripheral environment's requirements. This paper seeks to be a guide for the industrial policy makers and to explain its industrial policies by doing a realistic case study. In this way, based on a two-stage conceptual model, first the desirable situation of policy making based on the scientific works has been designed, and then the proposed policies for the active industrial organizations in the field of defense have been provided as the following: "Adopting a core and network policy", "founding a strategic union with the favorable domestic industries and the consolidation of vital links" and "a platform look (product family) to the design and production of products and systems". The logic used in this research was "data-base analysis" and from among its four different approaches, according to the research requirements, the Glazer and Strauss approaches were chosen. The main findings and innovations of the paper were the proposed policies that are explained and elucidated at the end of the paper.

The main competitive advantages of organizations and enterprises is maximum and timely use from the knowledge and technological opportunities that this requires external capacities that in the scientific literature said as the «absorption capacity». In Iran`s defense organizations due to various and numerous threats¡ the innovative for products and technology with using external capabilities is important. This article is in response to the question of What is the public competencies contributing to the enhancement of technological knowledges` absorption capacity in the Iran`s Advanced industry Defense? And it is an effort to check the general notion of «absorption capacity» and Identify for public competencies contributing to the enhancement of technological knowledges` absorption capacity of the country''s defense industry. We used Ishikawa fuzzy Delphi method to conduct research and the populations were 60 persons in its various stages of defense industry and academic experts. At the end of the study¡ we identified 82 effective public competencies.

Countries have different instruments and methods toward establishing their security. One of these methods is the acquisition of modern and effective equipments. Therefore defense preparation and procurement is the concern of most statesmen.In this writing, it has been tried to compare the mechanism of the defense acquisition systems of France, Germany, United Kingdom and the United States. The finding of this research shows that comparing to Germany and United Kingdom, United States and France are less interested in foreign equipment procurements. In all of these four countries, using competition as an instrument to protect the concept of "Value for money" is emphasized.