جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « social prevention » در نشریات گروه « فقه و حقوق »

The dark web is an invisible part of the cyber space like an iceberg floating in the ocean, only the tip of which is visible and main and threatening part of the same invisible to the authorities. The first challenge of the dark web is the impossibility of identifying it in order to apply preventive measures as such that the issue of prevention, cyber threat, is behind the veil of ambiguity. The uncontrollability and lack of environmental boundaries is another challenge for crime prevention in the dark web. Finally, the arrangement of suitable solutions for this environment is proposed as the third aspect of crime prevention challenges. Using library and internet resources, this article tries to deal with the challenges of crime prevention on the dark web from the perspective of the prevention platform, the issue of prevention, and the preventive solutions. The results of the research reveals that the possibility of applying preventive measures in the form of intervening in situations that cause crime in the deep web is ruled out and that the use of defensive strategies to minimize cyber threats and focus on social preventive and early preventive measures instead of situational prevention is what that needs to be considered.

Corruption has existed as an inescapable and uncommon phenomenon among all societies from the past to the present and it seems that wherever there is some degree of authority, corruption is an inescapable thing. Corruption is one of the problems facing the administrative system that has many negative social, political and economic consequences. The question of the article is, what are the social prevention mechanisms of corruption? The hypothesis of the article is that the development of citizens' awareness and participation is the most important social prevention mechanism against corruption. This article is descriptive and analytical and has investigated the question by using the library method. Social prevention is one of the types of non-criminal crime prevention that plays an important role in controlling and reducing crimes. The findings indicate that the growth and promotion of collective awareness, cultural development, civil participation of citizens, the active role of social networks and phenomena such as whistle-blowing are among the most important social prevention mechanisms against corruption.

In recent years due to increasing the population day to day expanding urbanization and immethodically increasing of constructions green spaces specially farming lands and gardens are terribly getting destroyed and changed. because the increase of the land price and the low benefit of farming cause agriculture to be weakend and lead to the willingness of changing the land use.However the land has always been considered an important tool during the whole history and governments have been aware of its economical political and social importance and they have set rules and laws a way better use of them. Along with fighting against changing the Land use the policy that the legislator has chosen in the form of construction eradication is a suppressive one.But maintaining the use of farm Lands wont be possible just by relying on the criminal policy of repression and the witness to this subject are those aerial photographs and statistics which show the increasing trend of changing the farm Land and gardening use around the cities of our country.of course we don’t mean to eliminate the criminal prevention in fighting against this crime but also by the social and the situational prevention we can prevent peoples tendency toward changing the Land use.In this study by descriptive-analytical method first we will dealing with criminology then will propose prevention solutions of the crime of changing the use of farm Lands.

Paying attention to criminological teachings has become an undeniable issue at the present time. Consequently, criminological findings have crystallized in Iran's laws, and its achievements have had a significant impact on transforming these laws. Among these areas, we can mention practical areas, one of which is preventive criminology, whereby actions and measures are taken into account to prevent the occurrence of crime.

The current research is applied in terms of type and purpose, and descriptive in terms of nature and method, and the collection of information was done through document review and data collection.

The doctrines of preventive criminology, which are divided into situational and social prevention, have not been unaffected by this issue among the laws of Iran, and during the legislative periods, they have been influenced by the results and achievements of preventive criminology And a number of the aforementioned criminological achievements have reached the scope of Iran's criminal justice system in different ways and have left many effects; In a way, we can refer to the normalization of these effects.

In the law of criminal procedure approved in 1392, more attention has been paid by the legislator to preventive criminology And its effects in the field of situational prevention and its doctrines in the text of the law can be measures to protect witnesses or informants, prevent harm to people and evidence of crime, control entry and exit points for smuggling. Kala, the prohibition of filming and audio recording of the court session, supervision of bailiffs by the prosecutor, segregation of prisoners and economic support of the victimized person in the proceedings And also, the effects of community-oriented and growth-oriented social prevention teachings have crystallized in the criminal procedure law.

Today, the emergence and spread of macro-economic corruption in the country with large dimensions and numerous criminal titles has become news through mass media, especially in the virtual space, and inflames the psychological atmosphere of the society. Therefore, to prevent and fight against this sinister phenomenon, the etiology of economic corruption is considered the first and most important step, and the responsible institutions in the prevention and fight against economic corruption can definitely know the cause. The causes of economic corruption should take basic and effective measures to deal with this problem.

The present research was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method.

several reasons from the individual, cultural and social, political and economic dimensions for the occurrence of macroeconomic corruption can be counted, as well as things such as education and raising the level of public awareness, the role of civil institutions in preventing macroeconomic corruption, Equipping the media and developing codes of conduct are among the solutions for social prevention of macro-economic corruptions, which are emphasized in the United Nations Convention on Combating Corruption.

In fact, "vandalism" or destruction of public property is a global disease of sabotage in the present century and is a deliberate and conscious behavior that is more focused on public and inanimate objects and is an indirect form of physical and residential aggression to reduce feelings. Failure or a way to achieve one's aspirations, which in turn violates public comfort. Vandalism is behavior itself, not the result of behavior; Vandal without material purpose only expresses his anger by damaging public property. And imposes heavy costs on the community, taxpayers, urban management, and other trustees for repairing or replacing damaged, utensils, tools, and belongings. In fact, with such deviant and destructive behavior, they harm not only the society but also themselves, and the purpose of this study is to answer the question of whether the phenomenon of vandalism can be controlled with criminal means? The library method has been used in terms of descriptive meta-analysis. Thus, the methods that overshadow the causes, factors and effects of vandalism and thus fight it fundamentally are a point that has been ignored in criminal legislation. And the findings show that the most important motivation of vandalists is curiosity, ostentation and revenge against society, which family disorder and social failure and economic inequality have an indirect effect on vandalism behavior. Overall, it is concluded that criminal control is not a good way to deal with it. Rather, in the process of answering, it becomes part of the problem. Therefore, through situational and social prevention; Expanding the legal powers of the police in the role of mediator, establishing non-governmental organizations, especially the formation of a special coordination council with the participation of various organizations, including; Education, governorate, municipality, welfare, law enforcement and radio and television in order to provide free cultural, social and economic education on public property and parenting education to families and identifying children and students with behavioral disorders and even the importance of public property in Textbooks can be a good way to combat vandalism.

Destructivism or vandalism is a sick phenomenon that exists in the urban environments of most societies. In sociological texts, vandalism is used in the sense of having a kind of morbid spirit. Since this phenomenon has various dimensions and roots in sociology, social, economic, political, psychological and environmental pathology, treatment and control must take into account the multidimensional and all relevant factors. Therefore, it is necessary to study and recognize factors such as psychology and sociology and their effects on a vandal, and various aspects of this, which are rooted in abnormalities, delinquent subcultures and other influential factors. Therefore, vandalism is one of the abnormalities that is the result of the relationship between the individual and society. Vandalism or destructiveness gradually spread and included any destructive, reckless, uncultured and cruel behavior. Vandalism is a global disease of sabotage in the present century and modern era and is called a global phenomenon. Vandalism is very similar to behaviors such as destruction, arson, insurrection, riot and terrorism, but the nature of vandalism is such that it occurs in certain places and times, and therefore the possibility of achieving the perpetrator is very low and it can be said that vandals have personality. They are special and, above all, with their mobs, they overshadow the public welfare, and by resorting to corrective methods, some of the characteristics of the vandals can be shifted from anti-social to social. With a brief and deep look, but deep and meticulous around us every day we can see hundreds of types of behavior, all of which indicate the mismatch and inconsistency of human behavior in their relationship with the environment, which is one of the abnormal social behaviors that although the formation of societies. It is a human being, but today it has become more and more prominent, it is vandalism. Behavior that has progressed in parallel with social progress has changed its appearance and has the ability to adapt to all available places. Therefore, vandalism is called the same anti-social behavior that is rooted in abnormality. But its rise and rise in societies makes vandalism worthy of control. Historically, it should be noted that attention to property and its importance and the destruction or intentional loss of property in Iran dates back to the period of Hammurabi, which was written by order of Hammurabi to pierce the wall, which is a vandalism is, severe punishment was predicted. Recently, a general position on social problems has become common among sociologists, which has been expressed in sociological analyzes and similar ideas and methods about different types of social problems, and everyone has at least one general concept of social problems in mind. For example, the consequences of the phenomenon of vandalism can be called a social problem and a detrimental effect on property, economy, culture and society.

The method of work in this research is library and in terms of descriptive-meta-analytical method using a collection of published books, Persian and foreign scientific articles, dissertations, scientific journals and is a tool for collecting information and data, documents and libraries. Therefore, the purpose of meta-analysis is that several studies have been conducted in the field of vandalism, and these extensive and scattered studies, each of which has addressed the issue with a specific approach. But the main problem with most of these studies is the lack of mastery of all aspects of vandalism, and the scattered results of studies in this area are not specifically in the realm of criminal law. The researcher has tried to provide positive analysis and inference of concepts that require reliance on the technique of analysis. The criminal dimension of the issue has been scrutinized in order to be able to reach appropriate solutions of non-criminal social controls to deal with vandalism in order to help the integration of knowledge in this field.

Findings show that the growing rebellion of human beings, especially the young generation, against social impositions and external repressive forces, not only shows their feelings of helplessness and helplessness, but also their anger and aggression due to their feelings of helplessness and helplessness. Hence, vandalism is an emerging and modern disease of the new society and a hostile reaction and a vindictive reaction to some forms of pressures, impositions, adversities, deprivations and external and social injustices. Thus, the most important motivation of vandalists is curiosity, ostentation and revenge against society, which family disorder and social failure and economic inequality have an indirect effect on vandalism behavior.

In general, it is concluded that in explaining the issue of criminal control of vandalism, first of all, the concept of punishment comes to mind. Punishment is a punishment that is imposed by the government from the beginning of the first brick of any society to preserve its integrity. But it must also be borne in mind that the whole social reaction is not limited to punishment. Today, a large group of social and preventive measures in the form of social reaction is perverted, and guaranteeing criminal executions for criminal control of vandalism is not the only way to protect the norms and official discourse. At present, criminal practices are no longer the only ones in the realm of criminal policy, but there are other forms of non-criminal social control, such as guaranteeing administrative and non-repressive practices, such as prevention, compensation, and reparation. Finally, criminal control is not a good way to deal with it. Rather, in the process of answering, it becomes part of the problem. Therefore, through situational and social prevention; Expanding the legal powers of the police in the role of mediator, establishing non-governmental organizations, especially the formation of a special coordination council with the participation of various organizations, including; Education, governorate, municipality, welfare, law enforcement and radio and television in order to provide free cultural, social and economic education on public property and parenting education to families and identifying children and students with behavioral disorders and even the importance of public property in Textbooks can be a good way to combat vandalism. 

One of the strongest and most important instincts in human nature is the sexual instinct. This instinct can be a threat to the human generation even though it guarantees human's survival. Out of the law's sexual relationship is considered among the offenses which threats one of the Islamic society's values. This research is explanatory- analytic. The aim of this article is to analyze Islamic criminal policies and approaches regarding prevention of sexual offenses. Islamic criminal policy base on the Holy Koran and tradition as the main source of Islamic jurisprudence has presented some approaches, for prevention of sexual offences. This result shows that Islam works according to special basis and resources regarding sexual offenses base on the basis for prevention of sexual offenses presented some non-criminal approaches. Which are mainly sociological. Such as training and cultivation, upbringing and teaching, creation of controlling internal power, recognizing the role of family, economical satisfactory, controlling look at the other, avoid mixing, correction in men and women's relation and delinquency. There are also some other preventive ways which are due to humanity of human such as giving insight, strengthening of faith, virtue, God being witness, propagation and facilitation of marriage as a preference. Therefore it can be said that prevention from crime is the most effective way to fight against social crudity such as sexual offenses.

Cyber terrorism is a real threat to the rapid advancement of technology today. The rapid rise of Internet users and reliance on them has alarmingly increased security risks, although adequate security measures have been in place to help prevent security risks. These threats could potentially damage Iran's national security and critical infrastructure. Therefore, this study examines the impact of cyber terrorism on threats to Iran's national security? Also, what are the social prevention strategies and the situation of Iran's national security threats in the direction of cyber terrorism?

This article is written in an analytical-descriptive manner.

There is a direct link between cyber terrorism and the threat to Iran's national security. Therefore, the Islamic Republic needs a comprehensive strategy to deal with this issue in order to ensure security and achieve its vital interests.A combination of social and situational prevention strategies can be appropriate, including the use of experts, criminalization based on technological advances, public awareness and information, education-oriented measures for the proper use of cyberspace, Increasing and improving the level of public welfare is preparing the ground for social justice.

SCCP is Students’ Community Care Plan which faces the challenges, gaps and conflicts facing which is in the metrics of prevention teachings, in need of revision and amendment. Investigating the challenges facing implementation of SCCP, comparing developmental and situational prevention programs and studying S.A.R.A. Prevention Model along with the 5Is framework are the main focus of the present study to fill the gaps and remove the conflicts in SCCP.

The research method in this paper is descriptive-analytical.

Ethical Considerations:

 Ethical considerations related to the writing of texts as well as references to sources were observed.

Various challenges exist in SCCP including human resource challenges like caretakers, structural and legal challenges like the lack of links between schools and SCCP implementers, implementation and cultural challenges like developing the culture of negative labels on preventive measures, as well as the vague concept of red lines and privacy and the distrust between parents and disciplinary programs of schools.

Sound implementing of SCCP requires a deep and fundamental revision and amendment of this action plan.

Through resorting to the commands and recommendations contained in Nahj al-Balaghah, the present study seeks to specifically address preventive social strategies of embezzlement as a crime in order to reduce the incidence of this crime. In general, the results of the present study try to present the preventive teachings of criminologists according to the teachings of the valuable book of Nahj al-Balaghah in the field of embezzlement in a categorized and systematic way, so that the executors of the criminal justice system can be required to operationalize such teachings. The important question of the article is to what extent are the teachings of Nahj al-Balaghah consistent with preventive criminological approaches? This research has been done by theoretical and analytical method and with a functionalist approach, in the form of description and analysis of materials, and the systemic approach and the related concepts in relation to crime prevention has been used. The method of research is documentary analysis as a research method or data collection technique. The study ultimately suggests that the new teachings of preventive criminology are in line with the approaches and teachings of Nahj al-Ablagheh, and thus taking advantage of preventive solutions are proposed to those in charge of criminal policy

The purpose of this research is to identify the role of organizational justice as a concept in management science in preventing administrative corruption. The role of organizational justice in preventing corruption and strategies for prevention are as research issues. If distributive justice does not exist, according to Merton's theory of pressure, an employee uses illegal means such as bribery and embezzles in order to reach its goal. If procedural justice is not established, a kind of inferiority is felt by people and, according to Hirsch's theory of social control, two factors of commitment and belief in one is shaken toward the organization. And finally, if justice is not maintained, there will be grounds for social deviations such as lack of work and non-commitment. Several approaches are recommended, such as improving good governance indicators in the administrative system, focusing on cooperative criminal policy, and so on to prevent corruption.

The welfare of groups at risk, including staff engaged in the fight against trafficking in goods and currencies, as one of the social prevention strategies can play an effective role in preventing the occurrence of trafficking-related offenses. Given the economic nature of the crime of trafficking in commodities and currencies, the amount of public and welfare services provided by the government and the sovereignty of these employees can be important factors in preventing crime. When citizens are not afforded an equal opportunity to benefit from economic conditions, behind the circuits and administrative laws and regulations, favorable environments for rent-seeking, bribery, and corruption emerge; Fighting will be handicapped. Changing social, cultural and economic conditions, as well as combating the psychological factors of crime, are at the core of social prevention. This has been emphasized in various regulations and even the constitution. The present article seeks to examine "economic well-being" as one of the social prevention tools for trafficking in foreign exchange and its place in the countrychr('39')s criminal justice policy in the light of high-profile documents, including constitution and policy

The theory of global village and the expansion of economic globalization by crossing the political, economic and social borders of the world, especially in the capital markets, along with its benefits, has led to the intensification of some harmful phenomena in the economy, including money laundering. Money laundering is one of the unhealthy economic activities that is self-inflicted and at the same time complements other criminal activities.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and utilized a descriptive-analytical method, which was written using the available scientific resources in this field with the analysis and arguments of the authors.

Attention to the progress and development of monetary and financial systems of countries and on the other hand the complexity and extent of economic corruption leading to money laundering in different societies, has led to steps 2 and 3 of the income, assets and documents for the economy. It is also possible to evaluate and study social prevention and situational approaches as a scientific theory to reduce crime to prevent money laundering.

There are several jurisprudential and legal principles and rules that apply to the denial of money laundering licenses; In jurisprudential rules, implicitly or in the form of narrations and hadiths, and in legal rules in the form of existing principles and laws, including the constitution, civil or criminal law, Islamic penal code and other approved laws, examples of money laundering are mentioned. It can play a potential role in reducing money laundering offenses.

As a special features of children and adolescents، Prevention of victimization in Sexual offence and Investigation of the methods about prevention of children Sexual victimization, is necessary. Despite the criminalization a variety of Sexual offences as a Hadd (legal punishment) and Tazir and predictions payment of the diyeh(compensation) to victim؛ also the balance commit a Sexual offences are considerable .So it is important to use the non-criminal prevention strategies as a social and Situational prevention of crimes in three levels of primary secondary and Third . On one side، high safety factor and effective role of victim due to reduction of crimes and increase penalties. On the others during the conception of crimes؛ identification the factor of risk and causes of commit a crime due to eliminate or deactivate the effective factors .Planning and suitable policy causes improvement and elimination of factors that create crimes through correction of medicine، family life، education، home and leisure time.

Addiction is the root of many social problems that have become social, psychological and health harms and put humanity at serious risk. Some concerns indicate that the age of addiction has fallen to 13, which means opening up the school of addiction. The purpose of this study is to investigate and identify social prevention strategies for student addiction.

The present study is a descriptive-analytic study whose data were collected through library and field studies. The statistical population of the study included students, experts, judges, lawyers and, finally, teachers and parents of teachers, among whom 150 were selected randomly.

Based on the findings of the study, adolescents’ prevention strategies, promotion of basic skills such as lack of knowledge, risk management skills and promotion of general and specific knowledge are among the findings.