جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ناامیدی » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

Objective:

 The aim of this research was to Investigating the structural relationships of alexithymia, impulsivity, distress tolerance and self-criticism with self-injury in students with the mediating role of hopelessness.

this research was applicable and in regard to procedure, it was a correlation study. The study community included all male and female students of the high school of Ardabil City in 2021-2022, that among them 635 students selected as samples by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Research questionnaires included: Klonsky and Glenn's (2009) Self-Injury Report Scale (2009), Toronto alexithymia Scale-20 (2003), Kazdin's Children Hopelessness Scale (1986), Simons & Gaher's Distress Tolerance Scale (2005), Barrett's Impulsivity Scale (1950) and Thompson and Zuroff's Levels of Self-Criticism Scale (2004).To analyze the research data, the structural equation modeling method was used, which was performed using Lisrel 8.8 software.

The results showed that the standardized coefficient is the path of direct effects of alexithymia, impulsivity, distress tolerance and self-criticism with self-injury are significant at 0.01 alpha level (p < 0.01). Finally, the indirect coefficient related to the alexithymia, impulsivity, distress tolerance and self-criticism with self-injury by mediating the role of hopelessness were significant at 0.01 alpha level.

Considering that in alexithymia, impulsivity, distress tolerance, self-criticism and hopelessness are effective factors in self-injury without non-suicidal self-injury, Therefore, the findings of this research can greatly help prevent this behavior, planning educational treatment programs and treatment Designing therapeutic intervention

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting practices, decision making styles and family adaptation with despair of students. This research is descriptive and correlational. The sample consisted of 366 high school female students of AJB, selected by multistage cluster sampling. The research tools included child-rearing questionnaire, decision making styles and frustration scale. For data analysis, correlation and stepwise regression were used. The results showed that the authoritarian, permissive, and direct decision-making style of avoidance, immediate and dependent style is directly related to frustration. The authoritative parenting style and rational, intuitive, and family decision-making styles have inverse relationship with frustration. It was also found that the authoritative child-rearing style and the decision-making style of a positive predictor and an authoritative parenting style and rational and intuitive decision-making styles and family adaptation are negative predictors of frustration.

This study was carried out to investigate the mediating role of self-efficacy and hopelessness in the relationship between family emotional climate and adolescents’ boredom. This research had a descriptive, correlational design. The statistical population of the study was comprised of all female junior high school students in Tehran (District 11) in 2019-2020 school year from among whom 280 students were selected using random multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research instruments included General Self-Efficacy Scale (Sherer et al., 1982), Hopelessness Scale for Children (Kazdin et al., 1986), Family Emotional Climate Questionnaire (Nodargah Fard, 1994), and Multidimensional State Boredom Scale (Fahlman et al., 2013). The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and path analysis. The results indicated that family emotional climate had a significant, positive effect on self-efficacy, whereas it exerted a significant, negative effect on hopelessness and boredom. Also, self-efficacy had a significant, negative effect on boredom, whereas hopelessness exerted a non-significant effect on boredom. Furthermore, the results showed that self-efficacy played a mediating role in the link between family emotional climate and boredom, while hopelessness did not mediate the association between family emotional climate and boredom. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that self-efficacy is an important factor affecting adolescents’ boredom. Hence, enhancing self-efficacy is a proper way to help adolescents deal with everyday life problems and combat boredom.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of acceptance & commitment therapy on death anxiety and hopelessness of patients with multiple sclerosis. The method of this study was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow up with the control group. The population of the study was made up of women with MS in Tabriz who were members of the MS Association of this city in 2022. 30 people were selected using purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (each group 15 people). The experimental group received their specific treatment in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours; But the control group did not receive any treatment. Measurement tools included Templer's death anxiety and Beck's hopelessness questionnaires. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.The results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy compared to the control group, in the post-test, led to the reduction of death anxiety and hopelessness of patients with MS (p<0.001); And these results in the follow-up stage also show the durability of the effect (p<0.001). Acceptance and commitment therapy has probably reduced the anxiety of death and as a result cope better with the disease and reduce the despair of patients with MS.

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between marital conflict between parents, psychological well-being, and hope with the mediating role of coping strategies in students. A descriptive correlational design was used. The population includes students of the education organization of Esfahan City, region 2, in the 2018 academic year. A total of 271 female students were selected by cluster sampling method. Data gathered by children's perception of interparental conflict scale (Grych, Seid & Fincham, 1992), self-report coping measure for elementary school children (Causey & Dubow, 1992), hopelessness scale for children (Kazdin, Rodgers and Colbus, 1986), and Stirling children's wellbeing scale (Liddle and Carter, 2010) and then analyzed by path analysis using SPSS-24 and AMOS-24 software. The results showed that marital conflict between parents had a direct and positive relationship with avoiding the problem, externalization, and hopelessness and a direct and negative relationship with the problem-solving and psychological well-being of adolescents (p<0.01). The results of path analysis also showed that marital conflict between parents can indirectly affect well-being and hopelessness in students by affecting externalization and problem-solving coping strategies. Therefore, it can be concluded that externalization and problem solving of coping methods have a significant mediating role in the relationship between parental conflict and psychological well-being and hopelessness in students.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on emotion regulation, stress and frustration in patients with postpartum depression. The experimental research method was pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population includes all patients with postpartum depression referred to comprehensive health centers in Ferdis that 30 patients with postpartum depression based on sampling method. They were selected and divided into two experimental groups (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15) in 10 sessions, each session lasting 90 minutes during one and a half months of metacognitive therapy. Data collection tools were Beck Disappointment Scale (BHS), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Stress Questionnaire (DASS-22), the validity and reliability of which have been reviewed and approved at home and abroad. Data analysis method Using descriptive and inferential statistical methods, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was analyzed using SPSS-19 software. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group that were affected by metacognitive therapy and the control group that did not receive any training. Metacognitive therapy affects the regulation of emotion, stress and frustration in patients with postpartum depression.

The aim of this research was to study the comparison of the effectiveness of the acceptance-commitment therapy on the behaviour impulsively, alexithymia and disappointment in depression patients.

This design of the study was pretest, post test control group. The sample include 30 depression patients 15 group experimental (acceptance and commitment therapy), and 15 group control) were selected randomaly sampling andthe were requested to answer behaviour impulsively Baratscale, alexithymia Torento and disappointment Miler scalequestionnaire. For analyzing the results we used covariance (MANCOVA and ANCOVA).

The results of data analysis showed that as ap acceptance-commitment therapy caused thedecrease inbehaviour impulsively, alexithymia and disappointment in depression patients experimental group in comparison to the witness group and concluded that there is any significant difference between effectivenessof the acceptance-commitment therapy on the behaviour impulsively, alexithymia and disappointment in depression patients and acceptance-commitment therapy was more effectiveness on thedecrease behaviour impulsively, alexithymia and disappointment in depression patients.

That as ap acceptance-commitment therapy caused the decrease inbehaviour impulsively,alexithymia and disappointment in depression patients andacceptance-commitment therapy was more effectivenesson the decrease incognitivebehaviour impulsively, alexithymia and disappointment in depression patients.

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and one of the most important public health problems among young people. The aim of this study was to investigate the model of the moderating role of hopelessness and rumination in integrated motivational-volitional (IMV) model suicide theory. The sample of this study consisted of 600 students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University who were selected by cluster sampling. The correlation was used to test the simple interface between the studied variables. The results showed that failure (β-0.25) and entrapment (β = 0.15) had a significant direct effect on the idea of ​​suicide, And the indirect effect of failure on the idea of ​​suicide through the mediating role of trapping was significant (β = 0.12). Mental rumination also significantly moderated the relationship between failure and entrapment, accounting for 0.29% of the variance of entrapment. Regarding the moderating role of negative and positive Hopelessness, the results showed that Hopelessness moderated the relationship between entrapping and the idea of ​​suicide, and 2.73% and 1.17% of the variance of the idea of ​​suicide were related to negative and positive Hopelessness. These findings are a preliminary step towards elucidating the behavioral mechanisms of suicide and its consequences in Iranian society.

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-compassion, perceived social support, and Self-esteem with borderline personality symptoms mediated by aloneness and hopelessness. The research method was descriptive-correlational which was done through structural equation modeling. The study population consisted of women in Isfahan city, 262 of whom were selected by available sampling and were assessed with self-compassion, perceived social support, self-esteem, Borderline Personality Symptoms, Feeling of loneliness and Beck's hopelessness scales. The results of structural equation modeling indicated a good fit of the research model. Findings showed that self-compassion is directly related to feelings of loneliness and borderline personality symptoms, as well as self-compassion indirectly affecting the symptoms of borderline personality disorder by affecting the feeling of loneliness. The results showed that social support and self-esteem had a direct and negative relationship with feelings of loneliness, hopelessness and borderline personality symptoms. Social support and self-esteem also affect the symptoms of borderline personality disorder through feelings of loneliness and hopelessness. The findings of the present study, in addition to practical implications, has provide a useful framework for identifying the components that affect the formation and development of borderline personality disorder in women.

Suicide is a main cause of death worldwide, especially in teens and adolescents. The aim of this research was a structural test of the three-step theory of suicide in students. 

Current research method was descriptive in the form of correlation that used structural equation model. Research community included all students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University, among whome 630 people were selected as sample through available sampling. Suicide Attempt questionnaire (Dhingra, et.al, 2018), Depressive Symptom-Suicidality Subscale (DSI-SS) Joiner et al. (2002), The Psychological Ache Scale based on Shneidman theory (1993), Hopelessness, Fraser, et.al (2014), Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire by Hill et.al. (2015), Self-Perceived Acquired Capability for Suicide by Rimkeviciene et.al. (2016), and Suicide Capacity Scale-3, by Klonsky & May (2015) were used. 

Fndings:

 Findings showed that the composition of psychological ache and hopelessness are the main predictors of suicide attempt, and lack of interpersonal needs has a protective role. However, just acquired capability for suicide, in some extent can predict suicide attempt.

The results showed that Psychological ache and hopelessness have an effect on suicide attempt both directly and indirectly through the idea of ​​suicide and the acquired capacity of suicide. Also, the relationship between acquired capacity and suicide attempt in the model was eliminated due to its low factor loading and better fit of the model. From these findings we can conclude that the three-step Theory of suicide model has a good fitness in Iranian community. Based on 3-step model, combination of hopelessness and psychological ache can lead to suicide ideation, and lack of interpersonal needs can act as a protective factor.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based approach on Alexitimya and hopelessness of divorced demanding couples.

The research design was quasiexperimental with pretest-posttest- follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included divorcing demanding couples who referred from the Family Court and Social Emergency Intervention Center to Psychological Services center in Marand 24 couples a total of 48 who scored higher than the cut-off point on the Beck hopelessness and Toronto Alexitimya scale were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and a control group (12 couples for each group).The research instrument was the Beck Hopelessness Inventory(BHI) and Toronto Alexitimya scales(TAS).and were analyzed using a mixed design.

The results showed that acceptance and commitment based approach significantly reduced hopelessness and Alexitimya of divorceddemandingcouples(P≤0/01).

Considering the results ,it can be concluded that the acceptance and commitment therapy can be an effective therapy to decrease the hopelessness and alexitimya of Divorcing Demanding Couples through training concepts such as Identification of values, mindfulness and committed action.

Numerous studies have examined the effectiveness of Frankelchr('39')s semantic therapy on frustration and suicidal thoughts. But there is a research gap in developing a model of meaning in life and comparing the effectiveness of model-based education with Frankelchr('39')s meaningful concepts of frustration and suicidal thoughts in second-year high school girls.

To formulate a model of meaning in life and to compare the effectiveness of model-based education with the meaningful concepts of Frankel on frustration and suicidal thoughts of female high school students.

The present study was correlational and quasi-experimental. The statistical population was 356 students of the twelfth grade of the second high school for girls in Ilam in 2018. Thirty people were randomly selected as a multi-stage cluster method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 individuals). The research tools are: Questionnaires on the meaning of life of Esther, Fraser, Oishi and Kaller (2006), Sherrchr('39')s general self-efficacy (1982), Brzonskichr('39')s identity styles (1989), Social Value Scale (Mohaghegh Saz, 2018), Scale Beckchr('39')s Suicidal Thoughts (1961), Beckchr('39')s Disappointment Scale (1986) and training sessions based on the model developed and the meaningful concepts of Frankelchr('39')s theory (researcher, 2018). Data analysis was performed by structural equation method and analysis of covariance and t-test.

Both teaching methods had a significant effect on reducing adolescent frustration and suicidal thoughts (P< 0/001). There was no significant difference between the two methods in terms of the effect of reducing frustration and suicidal thoughts.

Students who participated in the training sessions and benefited from the integrated compilation model had a lower rate of suicidal ideation and frustration

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive education group and acceptance and commitment therapy on hopelessness of divorcing demanding couples. The research design was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest- follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included divorcing demanding couples who referred from the Family Court and Social Emergency Intervention Center to Psychological Services center in Marand 36 couples a total of 72 who scored higher than the cut-off point on the Beck hopelessness scale were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and a control group (12 couples for each group). The research instrument was the Beck Hopelessness Inventory (BHI).and were analyzed using a mixed design. Results showed that both acceptance and commitment therapy and metacognitive therapy significantly reduced hopelessness of divorcing demanding couples (P≤0.01). Also, the comparison of the effectiveness of the two interventions showed that there was significant difference between the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and metacognitive therapy on hopelessness of participants, and meta-cognitive therapy was more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy (P≤0.05). It can be concluded that meta-cognitive therapy (MCT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) can reduce the clients' hopelessness.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of group logotherapy with a religion-based approach on students’ aggression and hopelessness. This quasi-experimental research had a pretest posttest control group design. The population of the study was comprised of all eleventh grade girls in Robatkarim in academic year 2014-2015. The sample included 240 students who were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling method. The instruments included Beck’s Hopelessness Scale (1988) and Ahvaz Aggression Inventory (Zahedifar et al., 2000). Thirty students who had obtained the highest scores on the two scales were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (N=15) and control groups (N=15). The experimental group received the intervention (group logotherapy with a religion-based approach) in ten 75-minute sessions. Both groups were given the posttest after two weeks. The obtained data were analyzed via ANCOVA. The results showed that there was a significance difference between the mean scores of the two groups in hopelessness (p≤0.001, F=4.89) and aggression (P≤0.001, F=58.69) in the pretest and posttest (P≤0.001). The findings indicated that group logotherapy with a religion-based approach can decrease hopelessness and aggression and boost mental health among students.   

The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of child- centered play therapy with approach Axline training on hopelessness and loneliness in children with hearing impairment
The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and posttest design and control group. The population of this research of female students with hearing impairment studying at primary school in Mashhad City. Thirty students were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to one experimental (n=15) and one control (n=15) group. To collect data, Kazdin hopelessness scale and Asher solitude scale were used. The experimental group received 8 sessions of child- centered play therapy with approach Axline training . The data were analyzed by SPSS software, using ANCOVA.
. The data analyses by ANCOVA showed that there were significantly decrease in mean scores of hopelessness and loneliness in experimental group (P

Social rank theory is a theory of depression and suicidal behavior based on animal models of defeat and entrapment which, in animals result in depressive-type behavior. Gilbert and Allan (1998) have devised a scale to measure defeat. This goal of the present study was to explore the validity and reliability of the Defeat Scale with students of Allameh Tabatabai University. A sample of 306 (102 male and 204 female) students was selected using simple random sampling. An exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation was employed. Beck’s hopelessness and depression scales were used to examine convergent validity. Even though the original scale of the questionnaire was published without subscales, the results of the present research identified three subscales labeled inactivity, loser and satisfaction. Together, these three factors explained 63% of the variance of the matrix of item-correlations. The internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha was 0.91 overall, 0.91 in females, and 0.92 in males. There were significant correlations between Beck’s hopelessness and depression scale scores with scores on the defeat and with the three factor scores. The Defeat Scale has good reliability and validity in Persian culture.

The aim of current study was to compare the effectiveness of teaching of cognitive behavioral coping skills and emotion regulation on the reduction of hopelessness, happiness, and self-esteem in orphan children and adolescents. The method of this study was quasi experimental with control group. All orphan children and adolescents living in Ardabil welfare organization in 1392 comprised the statistical population of this study (N=83). Forty five people were selected from this society by simple random sampling. Having conducted a clinical interview, they were assigned randomly to three groups of cognitive behavioral coping skills, emotion regulation, and control. All the participants of the three groups responded to the questionnaires related to hopelessness, happiness, and self-esteem at pre- and post-test levels. Collected data were analyzed by ANCOVA test. The results showed that there were significant differences between three groups in hopelessness, happiness, and self-esteem. Results of post hog test showed that cognitive behavioral coping skills and emotion regulation training were effective in hopelessness and happiness equally. But emotion regulation training did not influence self-esteem. Giving orphan children and adolescents have difficult in Natural acquisition of behavioral and emotional skills, necessary for growth, training of Cognitive-behavioral coping skills and emotion regulation can be effective in an increased rate of decline in happiness and hopelessness of these children and adolescent.

The purpose of this article is investigated the cause of procrastination according to Cognitive, emotional and behavioral approach. So the model in based on cognitive, emotional and behavioral and procrastination is tested. And the impact of rational beliefs, irrational beliefs, frustration discomfort beliefs, hope beliefs, academic self-efficacy, and self-regulation Procrastination is studied. A sample of 900 students (447 females and 453 males) selected with stratified random sampling and answered to procrastination scale, Rvsblvm and Solom (1984), frustration discomfort scale, Harrington (2005) to measure frustration discomfort beliefs, self-regulated learning questionnaire, Greene and Miller (2004), self-efficacy questionnaire, Mydltn and Midgley (1997), irrational Beliefs Inventory Kvpmnz et al (1994). Path analysis run in two models: one with exogenous variables irrational beliefs and the frustration discomfort beliefs, and other exogenous variables rational beliefs, hope beliefs. The results indicate a good fit of the model. The amount of variance explained by frustration discomfort beliefs, irrational beliefs, self-efficacy and self-regulation was 0.32 and the variance explained by frustration discomfort beliefs, irrational beliefs, and self efficacy was 0.27. The amount of variance explained by rational beliefs, hope beliefs, self-efficacy and self-regulation was 0.24 and the variance explained by rational beliefs, hope beliefs, and self efficacy was 0.18. According to the results of research Education practitioners can reduce student procrastination by increasing self-efficacy and self-regulation, rational beliefs and hopes and decrease irrational beliefs and the frustration discomfort beliefs.