جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « رفاه » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

The research method is developmental in terms of purpose and in terms of the type of qualitative data with an exploratory approach, which was used to analyze the theme of the interview. The statistical population included the managers and specialists of the rural area in the field of Dashti, which was 15 people using the purposeful sampling method and the principle of theoretical saturation. Data analysis was done using thematic analysis in "MAXQDA" software. The results of the research showed that in the analysis of the data obtained from the interview, they were examined in the form of 49 main categories, each of which included several dimensions and indicators, which, by specifying the conditional, interactive-process categories, resulted in basic dimensions for the formation of Initially, the conceptual framework of the research was determined. Among the most important identified cases are the conditional categories of rural social welfare and such process-interactive factors and strategies for the development of rural social welfare, and finally, its obstacles and consequences were identified. In the form of conclusion, it can be stated that in relation to the category of social welfare development in rural areas, various components can be identified such as identifying strengths and weaknesses, creating active and suitable fields for rural development, effective factors, consequences, strategies for the development of rural social welfare and obstacles. He mentioned the positive roles and functions of organizations in the social welfare of rural areas

After cereals, oilseeds form the second largest food reserve in the world. Sesame has been one of the oldest oil plants in the world, which is known as the queen of oil plants due to its pleasant taste, high stability and stability, high resistance to dryness and the fact that the oil does not oxidize. Sesame is considered as an oil-protein source and sesame seeds contain 34-60% oil and 19-30% protein. Rapeseed is another oilseed that has more than 40% of oil in the seed and about 40% of protein in its meal, which plays an important role in human nutrition and animal and poultry feed.Climate change is a significant and persistent change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns that occurs over a long period of time in a specific region or for the entire global climate. In fact, this phenomenon occurs as a result of internal factors such as dynamic processes of the earth or external factors such as changes in the intensity of sunlight or human activities.As a result of climate change, the average weather variables such as temperature and precipitation do not remain constant and change in different regions.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate climate change and predict its effects on the performance and well-being of the producer and the well-being of the consumer of the two products of sesame and canola. The required meteorological and agricultural data were collected in the form of combined data for two crops during 1370-1398. Using weather forecasting scenarios, the performance of two products was predicted. Finally, with the help of non-linear programming model, consumer welfare, producer welfare and total welfare were calculated and predicted using the partial balance method. Eviews, Excel and GAMS software were used to conduct this study. Khuzestan province was zoned into three climatic zones for more accurate estimation of yield response function.

In this research, the climatic conditions of Iran in the decades of 2000, 2025, 2050 and 2100 were modeled using the output of two atmospheric general circulation models ECHAM4 and HadCM 2. The results show an increase in the temperature of all the provinces of the country in the coming decades. These two models predicted an average temperature increase of 3 to 3.6 degrees Celsius until the 2100s for the country. The panel data method is used to estimate the climate model.

According to the results obtained from the calculation of welfare, it was found that the welfare surplus of the producer is higher than the welfare surplus of the consumer, and the results obtained from the welfare forecast according to the climate scenarios show that the amount of welfare generally follows a decreasing trend with fluctuation and The amount of losses caused by climate change has been higher for consumers than for producers.

Providing housing for low-income groups is one of the problems for governments. Low-income households spend much of their annual income on housing, so it is imperative for every government to provide housing for the welfare of society. The importance of social housing is due to the provision of adequate housing for the lower deciles and the adjustment of its important challenges due to limited energy resources and increased demand. The building sector is one of the largest energy consumers in the world, especially in Iran. Proper housing design avoids energy waste. Therefore, social housing design with the approach of optimal energy consumption as macroeconomic and social policy is considered in this study. If Iran continues the same process in energy production, transmission, distribution and consumption, it will pose a serious threat to the economy. The overall goals include reducing the share of housing in the living cost basket and optimizing energy use in social housing. The research method is analytical, field and simulation of the proposed model in Tehran, while maintaining affordable prices, respond to the housing demand by optimizing energy consumption. Initially, social housing was designed in accordance with design standards and based on cost, optimization of energy-efficient parameters such as form, orientation, neighborhood, details of building components, etc. and finally it was shown that the proposed scheme was more desirable than the existing one. The obtained results are providing solutions with economic justification of social housing plan by optimizing energy consumption.

Cities face a number of problems that undermine the quality of urban life, social inequalities, urban crime, poor environment, and traffic congestion (Psatha, 2015: 2). The rapid growth and expansion of urbanization and urbanization of the world has created many problems and difficulties in different countries of the world, especially in developing countries. Cities in these countries are facing the spread of various social anomalies, housing shortages, the spread of suburbanization and informal settlement, all kinds of pollution and environmental crises, spatial inequality, reduced quality of life and welfare, and so on. In recent decades, the literature on measuring inequality has increased significantly (Mussard & Xu, 2004: 201). One of the important suggestions in the field of measuring poverty and welfare by age (1976) has been presented. The age index is a suitable model for applied research (Mussard & Xu, 2004: 201). Measurement of poverty has been active in research since Amartia Sen proposed an obvious approach to welfare research in 1976 (Xu & osberg, 2000: 2). The aim of this study was to analyze the cost factors affecting quality of life and well-being in Iranian metropolises. Using the quantitative age index and taking into account the variables of food and tobacco costs, clothing and footwear costs, housing costs, water, fuel and lighting of a residential house, costs of accessories and furniture and services Household use, health care costs, transportation and communication costs, entertainment and cultural services costs of households and costs of miscellaneous goods and services in the metropolises of Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj and Shiraz to evaluate the effective factors The quality of life and welfare in these metropolises should be addressed. The research sought to answer the question of which of the cost-effective factors on quality of life and well-being in the studied metropolises had the greatest effect.

The research has a quantitative-analytical nature and the statistical population of the research consists of the first five metropolises of Iran in terms of their population. The studied variables are the official data of the first group (food and tobacco costs); The second group (clothing and footwear costs); The third group (housing, water, fuel and lighting costs of a residential house); Fourth group (costs of furniture and services used by households); Group 5 (health care costs); Group 6 (transportation and communications costs); The seventh group (the cost of entertainment, entertainment and household cultural services) and the eighth group (the cost of miscellaneous goods and services).

In the metropolis of Tehran, the housing, water, fuel and lighting group of a residential house with the amount of 1.4092 has affected household welfare expenditures more than other groups in this city. Expenditures on household appliances and services are in the last place with 0.0353. In the metropolis of Mashhad, the second largest city in Iran, the group of housing, water, fuel and lighting of residential houses with the amount of 0.9202 more than other groups of household welfare expenditures in this city has been affected. The eighth group, the costs of miscellaneous goods and services, was in the third place with 0.1694. In the metropolis of Isfahan, the third largest city in the country, the housing, water, fuel and lighting of residential houses with the amount of 0.7911 has affected the welfare costs in this city more than other groups. The group of food and tobacco costs with the amount of 0.7003 after the housing group has the most impact on welfare. In the metropolis of Karaj, the fourth largest city in the country, housing, water, fuel and lighting of a residential house with the amount of 1.278 more than other groups of household welfare expenditures in this city has been affected. The group of food and tobacco costs with the rate of 0.6915 after the housing group has the most impact on welfare. In the metropolis of Shiraz, which is the fifth largest city in the country, housing, water, fuel and lighting of a residential house with the amount of 0.8599 has affected more than other groups of household welfare expenditures in this city. The group of food and tobacco costs with the rate of 0.6561 after the housing group has the most impact on welfare.

In the metropolises of Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan, Karaj and Shiraz, the costs of the housing sector have affected the welfare and quality of life of the family more than other sectors, and solving the housing problem of households in these metropolises is the main priority of the government.

The present research is applied in terms of research method and in terms of descriptive-analytical nature. In order to better investigate this study, security dimensions were divided into four dimensions: honor, financial, and social dimensions, and related relics were designed and developed in terms of Likert spectrum. Then, 20 indicators were used to measure the impact of the villagers' sense of security and analysis. Independent variable of research, physical design of the village and its dependent variable is the sense of security of the villagers. The method of collecting information was library (checking of book, article and internet resources) and field (questionnaire and direct observation and interview with household heads). One of these methods was used in each stage of research, as needed. . Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (mean, frequency) and inferential statistics (correlation coefficient, single sample T test and analysis of variance). The statistical population of the study is the villagers in the villages of Rasht city. In the studied area, there are 299 inhabited villages. The results of the research indicate that the indicators of physical characteristics in the sense of security of the villagers have been affected by the fact that the villagers did not have any issues such as proximity to highways or urban roads, proximity to factories, proximity to ruined monuments, and the location of houses on the margins of the village. Light enough, narrow alleys, deserted buildings, and ... are considered important factors in reducing security

Promoting rural life The main goal of agricultural jihad and national development policies is to achieve sustainable development. One of the key aspects for the success of these policies is the possibility of monitoring the quality of life in all its social, economic and environmental dimensions and requires the implementation of tools that can identify the main dimensions of human satisfaction but this is very complex. People in the Rurales of Varzeqan township are based on the basic components with reference to the theory of "age" capabilities to prevent the abandonment of Rurales. The research is descriptive and observational through a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study is the population of 10 selected Rurales in Varzeqan township. The sample size was 372 based on Cochran's formula. For data analysis of structural equations by heuristic and second-order factor method was performed using Amos and Spss software. The results show that the main determinants of well-being in terms of individual perceptions are economic conditions, security, environmental quality and educational opportunities. Welfare conditions in the Rurales of Khoinrood, Vanestan, and Chai Kennedy Khairuddin are very low, while in contrast, the Rurales of Verdin and Kasin offer the highest levels of welfare in the Varzeqan region. Focusing on the Rural of Khoinrood, we can see that this area offers the lowest values for the three main dimensions of the four main dimensions of welfare, which seems remarkable. As a result, to prevent the abandonment and emptiness of Rurales, double attention should be paid to the level of welfare and quality of life of rural residents.

Cities as the second post-agricultural revolution have overshadowed human life and have been cited as centers of power and wealth production. But at the same time, they face challenges despite hundreds of years of urban history, they still face problems in urban management. Therefore, the present study has tried to explain the integrated urban management as a new approach in security and social welfare on the horizon of 1410 Tabriz metropolis. For this purpose, 43 indicators have been extracted in three dimensions (integrated management, security and welfare) that spss software has been used to measure the correlation coefficient between the components. Micmac software is used to measure the type of relationship between the variables, and Wizard scenario software is used to explain possible scenarios on the 1410 horizon. Research has shown that There was a significant relationship between the components of management on security and social welfare sig = 0.000So that the correlation coefficient of management on security was r = 0.80 and welfare r = 0.58. Also, the results of the analysis of indicators in the environment of futuristic software have shown 10 key factors resulting from Mick Mac software. Also, the possible situations of integrated management on security and welfare have shown 3 strong scenarios, 132 weak scenarios and 21 possible scenarios. Among the possible scenarios, the optimal situation with 80 frequency states equal to a coefficient of 38% has been the most probable scenario for Tabriz metropolis.

One of the important strategies for development is diversification into economic activities. Since the village is at the core of the formation of human societies, the issue of the stability of the rural economy is very important. Villages usually have a single-product economy, which causes the villages to retreat from development. So, we should look at ways in which rural economies could be transformed into a dynamic and powerful economy by diversifying the economic activities of rural households. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diversification into economic activities on the welfare of rural households in the study area. To identify the variables of diversifying the economic activity (independent variable of the research) through theoretical foundations and research background as well as through the interview and guidance of the professors in this field. The statistical population of this study was 8956 rural households living in 11 villages in the district part of Kerman County. Out of these, 384 households were selected through Cochran sampling and 412 households were normalized to normalize the data. Data were collected through a researcher questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (.963). Data were analyzed by SPSS software using T-test single sample, regression and independent T-test. In the analysis, the villages of the study area were compared in terms of economic diversity and welfare. The results obtained from the hypothesis confirm the effect of the diversification into economic activities on the welfare of rural households. In fact, the results indicate that there is a significant difference between the households with and without the diversity of economic activities in terms of welfare. In other words, households with a variety of economic activities experience a higher level of welfare than non-diverse families.

An urban environment with suitable quality & neighborhoods as fundamental elements can induct satisfactory and well-fair feelings to the inhabitants. The main goal of this article is to conceptualize environmental quality contents in new towns neighborhoods by evaluating satisfaction rate of inhabitant of environmental quality factors. Therefor we extract 25 factors from fundamental theories of environmental quality in three deferent dimensions of Experimental, Functional & nature of environment. With these factors we evaluate environmental quality of 4 different neighborhoods of Pardis. Considering the main goal, we will evaluate the connection between the environmental quality indicators and the satisfaction rate of the residential environment neighborhood. This connection will be shown in a model evaluating environmental quality of Pardis new town.
Study shows that there are six basic factors, defining satisfaction of Pardis habitants, while the overall score of satisfaction rate is low which explains inability of Pardis town to fulfill inhabitant needs and desires.

The agricultural sector is one of the most important economic sectors due to extensive interaction with the environment, the greatest impact of climate change takes effect.  The agricultural sector affects climate change and affects climate change. Climate change, on the one hand, affects agricultural performance and, on the other hand, affects the price of products, supply, demand and welfare of consumers and producers.

The purpose of this study was to assess climate change and predict its effects on yield, cropping and production of cucurbits. The welfare effects of climate change on cucurbits, during the years (2003-2017) in the Hormozgan province were studied.

Meteorological and agricultural data were gathered in the form of Panel data for cucumber and watermelon product  during the years 2003-2017. Using predicted weather scenarios, yields, cropping levels, and harvesting products from 2025 to 2100 were predicted. Finally, consumer welfare, producer welfare and overall welfare were calculated using nonlinear programming model. During the years 2025 to 2100 to predict the welfare of partial equilibrium method was used. Excel, Eviews and GAMS software were used for this study.

In order to estimate the precise function of horticultural crop yield response to climate factors, indicators of climatic zonation region of the province into two. The results showed that cucumber product had a direct relationship with temperature and had opposite relationship with rainfall. The watermelon product has the opposite relationship with the temperature factor and is directly related to the rainfall factor. Changes in performance under the weather scenarios for the cucumber product are increasing and the watermelon product follows a decreasing trend. The overall welfare will show a decreasing trend for years to come, consumers will experience less harm than producers. Therefore, due to the different effects of climate change on  cucurbits, it was necessary to find ways to adapt to the climatic conditions in order to orient these effects. Such as changing the region's cultivation pattern, managing optimal resources and producing climate change resistant seeds.

 Tourism is one of the industries with the strongest development momentum in the global economy, encompassing too many positive and negative effects. One of the key factors in local tourism development, is local residents’ satisfaction. Understanding the relation between tourism effects, and residents’ satisfaction of their lives, plays a key role in the future success of tourism destinations. bottom-up spillover theory recognizes this relation. The basic premise of bottom-up spillover theory is that life satisfaction is on top of attitude (or satisfaction) hierarchy; and therefore is influenced by satisfaction with life domains (e.g., satisfaction with the community, family, work, social life, health, and so on). this research explores the link between community residents’ perceptions of tourism (economic, social, cultural, and environmental) impacts, with residents’ satisfaction with particular life domains (material well-being, community well-being, emotional well-being, and health and safety well-being); and overall life satisfaction. The Research method is quantitative-analytic. The survey instrument was a questionnaire. The statistical population of this research consisted of all of Kamardough Region's residents. the sample was determined through Krejcie-Morgan Table; and selected through the Random Sampling method (n=220). The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. the reliability of the questionnaire was approved using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α= 0/73-0/91). regression analysis showed that the impact of material well-being, health well-being, community well-being, and emotional well-being, has been significant in residents' satisfaction from the region. These variables could finally predict 34.4% of variances in the satisfaction variable. While, the two material well-being, and emotional well-being, had more power in predicting the individual satisfaction, comparing the other two variables. Innovation: The study's innovation is in using bottom-up spillover theory.

In the second half of the twentieth century, neoclassic economists majorly paid attention to limited factors such as physical capital intensity and frequency of natural resources called economic factors. However, nowadays, studies done by development economists show that the policies of countries especially investment in human resources, research expenses and development emphasize the role of investment that affects both economic development and efficiency. It also influences proper distribution of income and the decrease of economic inequality in the economy of different countries. One example of this transformation is the move of economy to replace mobility of goods with the mobility of capital. Given the close relationship of economic growth and social welfare, many economists are after the recognition of economic growth resources. Via increasing the quality and work force skills, capital increases the income of work forces and thus the rapid growth of economy. Accordingly, dependence of quantitative and qualitative increase of production factors of sustainable growth and development has been always a concern for all countries. Lack of investment and capital, as two important productive factors, have been a serious obstacle in the way of development in the developing countries. Therefore, it is necessary to take heed of investment in rural areas.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: Given the formation and development of economic growth models in the literature on economy, issue of investment and financing has been noticed by researchers and policymakers as one of the key economic topics. Luis economic growth model shows that investment in industrial development causes a demand for agricultural commodities and improves the efficiency of agricultural products. Investment in rural areas leads to improvement of the local economy, establishment of economic and social capital among rural households, stability of agricultural products, reduction of rural-urban migration, increase in income, decrease of rural poverty and rural development, which altogether cause economic development, empowerment and welfare of rural community.
The research method is descriptive-analytic. The data collection method is "library" and "field" study. The research population was taken from Malavi Rural District in Poldokhtar. Using Cochran formula, we selected 157 households (in 13 villages) as the sample. For inferential statistical analysis of findings, one-sample t test and Pearson correlation in SPSS software were used. Thus, in order to enhance the accuracy, from the total 13 villages in Malavi Rural District, 13 were selected for sampling, and questionnaires were distributed randomly among them.
For measuring the impact of investments on empowerment and economic prosperity of rural households in Malavi Rural District, single-sample t-test was used. The analysis of the mean number of these indicators at the level of households in the under-study area showed the great impact of these capitals on all of the indicators. The findings of this study show that investment has the greatest impact on agricultural and livestock sector, which was higher compared to other indicators. Investment in the agricultural sector has increased compared to the past. In the case of investment impact on empowerment and social welfare of rural households, single-sample t test was used, which shows investment impact on the components of empowerment and social welfare. Given the findings, investment had the greatest impact on the promotion of level and quality of life, which is at a higher level, compared the other indices. As a result, investment increased the level and quality of life in the households in this study. Furthermore, in order to analyze the statistical relationship between investment and economic and social indicators of empowerment and welfare of rural households, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. According to the results and given the correlation coefficient 0.765 (sig level= 0.000), there is a a significant correlation and significant relationship between these two variables. The study of this significant relationship shows that increase in investment leads to the increase of capacity and welfare of rural households in this study. This means that by increasing the amount of investment in rural areas, the grounds for empowerment, and social and economic welfare of the rural households will also be established.
The study of investment impact on indicators of empowerment and economic prosperity in rural areas shows that investment has a significant impact on the components of empowerment and economic welfare. This proves the positive impact of investment on saving status, incomes, purchasing power, poverty reduction, investment in agriculture and livestock, ownership, cultivation, use of inputs and machinery, technology and mechanization rate, and employment and productivity. Investment has the greatest impact on agricultural and livestock sector, which was higher compared to other indicators. With respect to the impact of investment on empowerment and social welfare of rural households, investment had positive impacts on bbenefiting from health facilities and education, raising the level of health, recreation and leisure, participation in village affairs, diversity of diet and nutrition, housing development and satisfaction, promotion life quality and level, access to services, increase of awareness, change of lifestyle and promotion of the urban lifestyle, and survival and migration. The greatest impact was on the promotion life quality and level. In order to analyze the correlation and statistical relation between investment, and empowerment and welfare of rural households, Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The findings of this test show that there is a significant relationship between these two variables. Investigation of this significant relationship shows that the increase of investment leads to the rise of power and welfare among the rural households in this study.

One of the important aims of economic system is welfare increasing in the society. Regarding that they deem the achievement of sustainable development necessary in creation of welfare for all people. In this study is turned to the effect of cash subsidy on economic and social welfare of rural families in Jaydar rural district. The statistical community of the research‚ including the families of Jaydar rural district in Poldokhtar Township in the Lorestan Province contained 28 of inhabitant villages. In order to give effect to the subject and making objective the issues‚ 13 villages and 328 questionnaires were selected as sample using Cochran equation and because of the excessive volume of number of samples‚ we used the Cochran corrigendum method and 153 family questionnaires were distinguished. To describe and analysis‚ we used SPSS by way of one sample T test and for testing hypothesis we used correlation. The results shows that in the discussion of economic welfare‚ most effects of the subsidy is related to the family demand amounts increases and amount of nutrients. In the discussion of social welfare the high effect of performing this plan was in the amount of accessing to the services indicators and it had the desired effect on the nutrition cases improvement indicators and amount of diets variety. But indicators such as benefitting the hygienic‚ educational and leisure time had they not more effects. Therefore, it can be said that targeted subsidies increased the welfare of rural families.

Cardinal welfare index is one of the indices for measuring horizontal regional equity. This index is calculated based on the income data of regions’ per capita and regional imbalance coefficient and the economical welfare level of regions. In this paper, Amartya Sen welfare index and tension function of social welfare have been used from 2011for measuring the intensity of spatial imbalance of social welfare in provinces of Iran. The research findings indicate that the highest level of welfare per capita in provinces of Iran is related to Tehran, Bushehr and Markazi provinces, and the lowest level is related to Sistan and Baluchestan province. Also, the findings show that the rank of tax per capita and average of tax rate of most no-welfare provinces is higher than the rank of income per capita that this subject is placed against the tax fairness principles in taxation. Therefore, comprehensive development approach; based on capabilities, relative advantages, capabilities and regional limitations; is needed in order to make a balanced and equal development of different areas. On the other hand, the government can improve the unequal status inside the provinces and among different provinces by adopting appropriate redistribution policies. In this way, the policy of modifying tax system of Iran can be recommended.

Border areas due to some reasons including their distance from central parts, geographical seclusion, lack of development and. .. have a great and distinguished difference with central parts from the view point of welfare and development and the establishment of border markets can adjust the one- way relationship of central part with border areas and improves the regional welfare.This paper has studied Common Small Market of Tamrchin in Piranshahr at West Azarbaijan province through descriptive-analytical method. The statistical society of this research includes all tradesmen, merchants and other people involved in border markets who have obtained merchants and tradesmen’s card, which has been selected, based on the sample volume of 220 people and the questionnaires were distributed among them. For analyzing information, ANP model and also multi regression conceptive statistics model was used.The results of the studies suggests that the establishment and activity of markets in the district can create a relative improvement in some welfare variables including employment, job mobility of border habitants, increase of income, supplying the requirements of border habitants, food, health, housing and environment. Also the establishment of markets has greatly reduced the informal economy of the area, but did not able to reduce the emigration of the great number of rural people particularly the young ones. In addition Tamrchin market has created a relative economic security in the area. The results of multi regression model shows that there is a significant relationship between the factors existing in Tamrchin border market and the regional welfare indices, i.e. 37% of the created welfare is the result of development of Tamrchin market.