جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « شهر قم » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Life is a gift that people enjoy throughout their lifetime. The current century has seen significant changes in the way people view life. In this century, it is not only desirable to preserve life in the usual way, but to improve the quality of life in many fields is considered the effort of societies. Having a good quality of life has always been and is a human desire. Today, the quality of life is among the most important factors that exist as a barrier to the growth and development of societies and organizations. Therefore, by knowing the existing quality of life and its roots and causes, necessary decisions should be made to improve it; In this regard, the aim of the present research is to examine the objective dimension and physical criteria of the quality of life and lifestyle of the citizens in Qom city and to rank the city's regions with two criteria: "per capita of the seven uses that support residence" and " the access distance to these users. This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical in nature. The community under investigation in this research is the eight regions of Qom city, where data processing facilities in ArcGIS software environment, AHP hierarchical analysis process and obtaining expert opinions in binary comparison process were used for data analysis. The findings show that regions 1, 7, and 4 have ranks 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and the lowest rank belongs to region 8. According to the results of the research, creating more services, especially suitable locations for users in order to facilitate residents' access to residential support services, including medical, educational, religious, cultural, commercial, sports, parks and green spaces, can reduce the problems of citizens, increase level of satisfaction and improvement of their quality of life.

Senior tourism is receiving a lot of attention due to its capabilities and competitive advantages. Qom city is the second largest pilgrimage center in the country in national level, a potential market that can use its competitive advantage in attracting senior tourists by removing barriers of seniors’ travel.The purpose of this study is to provide a framework for identifying the direct and indirect impacts of barriers affecting the development of senior tourism in Qom city. The barriers to senior tourism development are classified into four main sectors of economic, social and cultural, managerial and organizational, government attitudes. This research is an applied research and the method is descriptive-analytical. Survey and library methods were used for data collection. The statistical population of the study consists of senior tourists and experts in tourism. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The results indicated that four factors have a positive effect on the lack of development of senior tourism. The results of T-test also showed that all barriers were higher than the criterion level at the significant level of 0.05 and the highest mean is allocated to economic barriers (5.17) and lowest mean to managerial and organizational barriers (2.10). The most influential factor on the lack of development of senior tourism is economic barriers (with beta coefficient of 0.643) which explains 52% of the variance of senior tourism lack of development. The Tolerance coefficient of 0.923 also indicates that economic barriers are strong predictor and criterion.

The rapid increase in urban population has led to the emergence of new features and conditions in the structure of cities. In other words, the massive influx of residents into the suburbs has led to chaos and disorder, which creates conditions that have not only deteriorating the balance of cities, but also have made it impossible to achieve sustainability with current methods of urban management and development. One of the new concepts to address the current challenges of cities in the field of urban planning is the development of smart cities, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Smart cities,as the future of human cities, is a city engaged in technology, flexibility, stability, creativity and livability and are becoming part of the national policies, because they pertain to increasing the quality of life of citizens. The purpose of this study is to identify smart city indicators and their effective key components before its implementation in the suburbs of Qom city. 

This study is an applied study which has an analytical-explanatory nature. both quantitative and qualitative methods were used for the research. Managers and local informants of Qom were selected as the statistical population, and based on purposive sampling, 30 people were selected as the sample group. SPSS software, FAHP model and grounded theory were used to analyze the data.  

47 concepts, 21 semantic units and 9 categories were extracted from interviews with experts which include co-creation and partnership in smart city development, leadership of Qom city to making it smart, empowerment of labor force, formulation of cross-sectoral approaches, reducing the gap for digitalization, institutional gap, improvement and development of new forms of management, innovation, integration. Finally, the results of the FAHP model showed that among the extracted categories the priority is with co-creation and participation in smart development. 

Qualitative data analysis indicates the importance of recognizing the main indicators of the smart city in suburban before implementation. Also the evaluation of the proposal framework in the form of categories showed that co-creation and participation in smart development can be the basis of smart neighborhoods in Qom.

The poverty traps in urban areas cause lack of effective development in the society and harm the urban society. The residents of these urban poverty traps are the poorest ones. They always have the minimum urban services and facilities and are in the lowest level of integration with the urban context and its residents. Paying serious attention to urban policies which seems very necessary and important can prevent the emergence and deep poverty traps. Therefore, the effective factors, at first, should be characterized and then, policies should be designed and implemented in accordance with them. In this study, the most important factors affecting the formation of spatial poverty traps in the city of Qom have been examined. In this process, to review the factors affecting the formation of spatial poverty traps and measuring the poverty level, the factor analysis type R was used. The results showed that five factors are the main effective factors of the emerging poverty traps in Qom which explain 88.93 percent of urban poverty in this city. Using the factor score, the traps were classified to 5 ranges, from very low to very high poverty rates. In this classification Sahrak Saheb-al Zaman, Jamkaran and Ismael Abad’s traps had the highest level of poverty. To measure the spatial distribution of urban traps Moran's I coefficient and General Statistics G were used. The results showed that the spatial distribution of poverty traps has cluster pattern with a high concentration. Also, the results of correlation analysis showed that poverty rate of traps has a strong correlation between the indices of the number of unskilled workers, rental house rates, the rate of illiteracy, lack of basic facilities of housing, unsustainable housing, and poor quality of the residential environment. So the most important action plan should be done to improve housing conditions, improving employment and improving access to public services such as educational services.

Any concern for understanding changes in rapid urbanization, particularly those in a deteriorated urban area, requires the exhaustive investigation of the underlying factors for their evolution and subsequent development. In the recent development process of urban places, their central areas have gradually lost their values because the medium and high-income groups leave those places for the suburbs. Therefore, the centers of the cities faced with physical deterioration, economic and environmental problems and were occupied by the poor immigrants and low-income groups. In consequence of this migration and displacement, quality of life in these areas downgraded to so lowest possible that destructed the fabrics. Urban planners require detailed information about the functional, morphological and socio-economic structure of the built environment that are the first step to classify them in similar categories. Many of planners have emphasized on the importance of typology and classification as the first action and most important process of the intervention of the old fabrics. According to this, the focus of this study is to provide a scientific and systematic method to classify and typology deteriorated fabrics. Type as a concept refers to a kind, class, or category of people or group of objects that have certain characteristics in common, which are distinct from the other groups of objects. Hence it is possible to identify objects, events, and settings with specific characteristics.Typology is a descriptive and analytic tool that helps develop and refine concepts, tease out underlying concepts and create categories for classifying, measuring and sorting case studies so urban researchers often have tried to categorize and organize cities with typology frameworks. What it is interesting in this research is 1074 hectares of the city of Qom is covered with decline which allocated about 6.8 percent of the city’s legal limit its own and is occupied by over 220 thousand people. The principal aim of this study was to explore the main factors of urban deterioration, typology and classify old texture of Qom city based on effective homogeneous factors. So the present paper seeks the modeling that categorized homogeneously urban declined area in terms of physical, socio-demographic, economic and environmental characteristics.

The present study is applied and is investigated by the library, and documentary studies. Statistical data include 1609 statistical deteriorated blocks in the city of Qom. The process of this study involves several steps. First, the effective indicators of deterioration were investigated; then, the measurement of the deteriorated blocks of the city was studied. These were done by using factor analysis model type R, in which research indicators were loaded into four factors: physical, socio-demographic, economic, and environmental factors. After specifying the main factors and measuring deterioration in each block in the city, the kernel density estimation method was used because of the typology of the old fabric of the city. The data analysis was made using inferential statistical methods using SPSS and ArcGIS10 software.

Due to the complexity of the urban deterioration phenomenon, it is impossible to study urban deterioration in Qom city as a discrete and individual phenomenon so identification of main factors and typology of the deteriorated district of Qom need several steps. The first step is to identify the main factors and measure urban deterioration. Factor analysis as a powerful tool is responsible to develop solutions to reduce and analyze the factors. The results of this research showed that 20 indicators by using factor analysis were reduced to 6 factors which are the most effective indicators to identify old fabrics in the city of Qom. Accumulatively all the extracted factors explained 67.95 percent of urban decayed fabrics. Economic and social factors were known as the main factors in the deteriorated fabric of the city of Qom. The measurement of the deterioration of the city had the most relationship with economic indicators such as land price, occupational classification, income groups and housing facilities. Then, in association with the priorities of development and intervention in the old fabrics, the district is categorized into five different levels (or priorities) based on their surface deteriorated textures. the results obtained from a kernel density estimation of deteriorated locations showed that the highest concentration of urban deterioration are located mainly in the north and south of the deteriorated district of the city and had the most prone and highest probability of severity and extension of the deterioration, therefore, to intervene and renovate this district, these places have the highest priorities.

Urban deterioration and decline are created and aggravated by many factors and variables and are considered as one of the most severe environmental and socio-economic problems of recent times. These areas faced with physical deterioration, economic and environmental problems and were occupied mostly by the poor immigrants and low-income groups. Renovation and intervention in deteriorated areas are a complex and multidimensional process, and a unique phenomenon for each city. Adopting the same approaches and strategies to develop cities despite their heterogeneities and their differences in terms of physical, socio-demographic, economic and environmental conditions of cities result in unbalanced planning and encountering cities with unsustainable cycles of socio-economic and environmental imbalances ,and causing unprecedented challenges such as urban poverty, and creation of suburban and informal districts which have contributed to cultural conflicts, decline in quality of life and so on. Urban management has been undergone huge costs by the hasty and unplanned intervention. Therefore, to renovate the city, we need to typology and classify this area to grasp the homogeneous context and main factors. The facilities and resources of the organizations related to urban renewal and rehabilitation require at first identify the worn tissues and prepare a map of the zoning of worn-out tissues. The typology of the urban fabric, taking advantage of a rigorous and versatile cartographic tool. This study has empirically demonstrated that this phenomenon related to many factors. Identifying effective factors helps adopt better urban policies, so these findings can scientific basis for urban policy and planning in order to reduce deterioration and well intervene in urban texture.

There are different opinions on the reasons why urban communities have been created. One of these views is the city's rise based on defense. In this research using a descriptive-analytical method, the factors of crime and social anomalies in the two regions of the holy city of Qom have been investigated. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed and distributed among the 212 citizens of district 2 in Qom. Using Chi-square, one-sample t-test, and factorial analysis the results of the study were analyzed in the SPSS software. Before the analysis the KMO test was used to ensure the researchers of the suitability of data for analysis. The KMO which was estimated to be 0.73 indicated the existence of suitable data in the study. The result of the study was that factors like spaces with minimal visibility, lack of proper urban management, low light spaces, lack of proper urban planning, inappropriate transportation, and inadequacies of the security forces have caused abnormalities and as a result have decreased the security in the district two of Qom.

Today, Awareness of the spatial structure of cities and the reasons that dominate its spatial development in different periods is necessary to control its expansion. The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the factors affecting the development of the physical-spatial structure of Qom city with the approach of Perspective studies. The present research is aimed at applying a combination of exploratory and exploratory methods based on a perspective approach that has been implemented using a combination of quantitative and qualitative models. The method of data collection is library and field studies. In this research, structural analysis and Delphi technique have been used. The software used in this study is MIC MAC software and ARC GIS software. Based on the structural analysis model, 38 indicators were identified and evaluated in 6 groups of variables based on previous studies and experts' opinions. The results of the system analysis indicated that the level of influence of physical and Political – managerial variables is far more than their effectiveness, and in fact they were recognized as the most important variables affecting the physical and spatial development of Qom. On the other hand, among its indices, the indices of converting the city of Qom to the province in 1996 and promoting the city of Qom to the provincial capital, the prosperity of trade and the formation of the market and its expansion, and government policies and urban laws and regulations were identified as the most important indicators.

Walking is not only a promising and beneficial way of not only improving public health, but reducing the consumption of resources and land, reducing air pollution and noise disturbance and emissions of greenhouse gases in urban environments. While walking is still associated with negative outcomes in public health. Dangers such as vehicle crashes, falls, falls, and other environmental threats have posed a serious challenge to urban traffic. Urban streets are environments in which all citizens have to walk in it; it is necessary to provide suitable conditions for walking for all citizens of different ages and with any physical ability. This research uses the PSI index to identify the pedestrian safety problems on the streets A city has been located in the central part of Qom city The snake and information about the documents and field observations of the researcher were measured. The research material was applied in terms of descriptive-analytical process and in terms of the method of collecting documentary-field data and in the data analysis, quantitative method was used. The results of the research showed that streets of martyrs The fifth Khordad and the martyrs of Ammar Yasir are the most insecure ones and the streets of Safayeh and Eram are considered to be the safest streets. On the other hand, improper pavement of sidewalks as

The development of urbanization after the nineteenth century has turned urban settlements into metropolises and megalopolises. The emergence of this phenomenon has faced the planners and officials of urban affairs with challenges in the field of ensuring the security of citizens. Locating, which means finding areas with capacity and proportion to load the city's land uses, is something that can be used today in the field of security.

This research utilized an applied approach and with a descriptive-analytical method. In the first step, after receiving different layers of urban land uses in locating police centers from different organizations and after calculating the weights of criteria and sub-criteria using hierarchical analysis model, distance maps are made in GIS software. Further appropriate areas were identified for the development of law enforcement use.

Examining the distribution of police stations in the second and fourth districts of Qom, it was found that the distribution of police stations in these areas is faced with unbalanced spatial distribution and only a few police stations and police stations face many problems in securing the city.

The expansion of the protection zones of police stations and police stations in large cities makes neighborhood control very difficult. In addition, the lack of infrastructure and police facilities are among the reasons for the reduction of these surveillances. In this study, by examining the urban infrastructure in areas two and four, suitable zones for the development of law enforcement use were identified and displayed by a map.

Segregation of social groups leads to the increase of social and physical distance between diverse groups of people and results in social exclusion and other negative consequences. Increasing understanding of the relationship between the urban spatial structure and segregation patterns can help with the realization of plans and the success of the city management, so the objective of the present study is to analyze the segregation of different classes in the city of Qom and its relation with the urban spatial structure. Quantitative method and descriptive analytical approach have been applied. For this purpose, multigroup segregation of high, middle and low classes of the city was examined which indicated that there was a medium segregation in the city. Also, when examining the indicators of the deliberation of spatial structure including distribution, clustering and concentration, based on the population and activity statistic data of 1390 consisting 758 statistic districts in the city of Qom, it is revealed that Qom has a centered and clustered structure. To find out the relation between the amount of the segregation and the distribution of population and activity, Moran's bivariate correlation has been applied and the results suggest that there is a direct positive relation between the local segregation entropy of the low class in the city and the entropy of population and activity and the Moran’s indicator was (36%), and there is a negative and reversal relation between the segregation of high and middle class and the distribution of population and activity and the Moran’s indicators were respectively (-36%) and (-24%). Applying the spatial regression to find the class most effective in making the spatial structure of the city of Qom, it has been indicated that the high class of the city has been the most effective (R^2= 0.27) following which came the low and middle classes.

The rapid development of urbanization has had significant effects on old city textures. The old town nucleus has been constantly transformed to accommodate a large population, often migrants from recent years, which has exacerbated the exhaustion of these tissues. It is hardly possible to compensate for this turmoil with the plans of refurbishment and renovation. What is important in this regard is the participation of the people as an effective element. Accordingly, the present study was conducted using descriptive-analytical method. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of this participation by setting up a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a test. To analyze the results, a sample T test was used in SPSS software. The results of this study reflect the general low and minimum public participation in the implementation of these projects and in various economic, social, physical and managerial dimensions.

Urban life quality as a dynamic and multidimensional concept is one of the most important areas of urban studies in different countries focusing on all objective and non-objective aspects of life. The purpose of the present study is to determine the status of life quality index and the weaknesses and strengnesses of its criteria in the areas of Qom city. The research method was descriptive-analytic and the data gathering method was a combination of documentary and expert assistance. Then a questionnaire was designed to be completed on the field. What is being discussed in this paper is the accurate understanding of the concept of life quality and measuring citizen’s satisfaction of it in urban areas of Qom. Data analysis was performed using the ISM, FAHP and WASPAS methods. The results show that regions 1 and 4 with , were selected as the best regions. The selection, of course, was based on some factors such as high levels of regional security; easier access to public transportation; having more administrative centers, job status, better neighborhoods and the availability of appropriate cultural facilities. Also, regions 2 and 6 were selected as the worst regions due to their worse job conditions, accommodation of low-income households, inadequate access to services and stores, and disposal of sewage.

Analysis of spatial patterns of deterioration and spatial relationships between deterioration and its influencing factors in order to better understand of effective factors and improve performance of urban renewal management is very impressive and significant. So this research uses spatial statistical methods to analyze the spatial pattern of deterioration and its influencing factors. The results of the application of Moran's index on the spatial distribution of deterioration, this coefficient is positive and equal to 0.314. Representing the spatial distribution of the deterioration is cluster. Since Moran index can not identify Spatial diverse patterns, General G statistic analysis was covered the defect. General G statistic showed that neighborhoods with high deterioration together and have a high concentration of the cluster. About 6.29 percent of the area of deteriorate devoted to hot high-cluster and consists of five neighborhoods. Since the deterioration dependent on the local and spatial variables, Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was used to investigate the influencing factors on the deterioration. The results showed that the model with R^2 = 0.92 and R^2 Adjusted equal to 0.84 has acceptable accuracy in modeling the spatial relationships of effective factors on urban deterioration as well as Moran’s I of residuals GWR refers to insignificant autocorrelation. The results shows that impermeability, microlithic, the quality of infrastructure, dependency ratio, leasehold property and land prices variables have increasingly effect on deterioration. So these findings can scientific basis for policy in order to reduce deterioration and its effective.

This study was investigated to select the appropriate pedestrian roads in the central fabric of Qom city. Hence, analysis of spatial configuration requires approach that can respond to the complexities of the physical-spatial environment and help to understand and understand the structure and spatial form of modern cities. In this study Space syntax approach was used to study and analysis of urban spatial structure in the central part (district 7). the axial lines for spatial analysis were depicted in the Auto CAD environment. This map was analyzed in the UCL Depthmap10 software. Also, VGA analysis was used in this software for visual analysis. Two criteria for permeability and land use mixing were also evaluated using Shannon entropy method in GIS environment. Each of the indices was weighted by Shannon entropy. Finally, by integrating the criteria and ranking it using the VIKOR method, the studied axes were ranked for pedestrian capability.
The results of this study showed that the topological order of street patterns is important in space syntax. Also, Integration (Rn), local integration, Mean depth, degree of connectivity, street Intelligebility, control, spatial and spatial Accessebility are among the most important determinants of pedestrianization of urban spaces and pedestrian movement. These parameters were used to prioritize the streets in terms of Walkability functionality. Furthermore, the mixed landuse in the streets that attracts pedestrians brings the source and destination closer to each other, making the journey more internal.

Today, many researchers talking about relying on private vehicle to carry out intra-city trips as one of the main challenges facing the country's urban system. This way of traveling in cities has caused to be reduced the quality of urban environments day by day. And in the end, cities face with a lot of problems, such as increasing living costs, air pollution, increasing accidents, increasing fossil fuel consumption, and, in a word of decline, living conditions degradation and, consequently, a decline in quality of life.The choice of private vehicle as a means of intra-city trips itself is influenced by various factors such as (economic, physical, cultural factors).One of the physical factor of this article is how to locate land use in the transit network that has been investigated in this research. Due to studies in this area, it is possible to estimate the possible effects of land use deployment on the choice of means of citizen's travel.It will be clear that how to distribute the land use, if necessary, to reduce the car dependency and promote green travel practices such as walking, cycling and using of public transport. Therefore, the district Seven of Qom metropolis has been studied.The research process is descriptive-analytic, and library studies have been carried out using snippets and field studies using traffic impressions. Data analysis was done by using the GIS geographical system software and the depth map. The findings of the research showed a significant correlation between spatial alignment indicators, the degree of user focus and the speed of car-based trips.The findings of the research showed a significant correlation between spatial syntax indicators, the degree of land use focus and the frequency of car-based trips.Accordingly, it is necessary during the studies of the Comprehensive Transport and Traffic Master Plan and the Comprehensive Plan as the main documents of the urban development management to pay special attention to explaining the impact of the factors related to land use on the selection of the means of travel from the point of view of space syntax.

Regarding the placement of Masumeh's Holy Shrine and the sacred mosque of Jamkaran at Qom city, it considered to be the most important Shia religious center and the second largest pilgrimage center in the country. Furthermore, situated this city on the intersection of communication routes of 17 provinces, it is the most important focal point of transportation network in Iran. Hence, identifying influential factors that increase satisfaction of visitors by meeting the expectations of them will usually help to attract more tourists and subsequently increase the length of residence. The current study is an applied research in terms of time, nature and descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the study is visitors entering Qom in summer 2017, in which 384 individuals were selected as sample of analysis. In order to analyze the data and evaluate satisfaction of visitors, each element of the urban tourism product (primary, secondary and lateral) is classified and analyzed based on the Jansen-Verbeke’s Structure of Urban Tourism in the categories of basic, functional and motivation needs of the Kano model. The results of this study shows that the most important satisfaction priorities in the functional requirements group are respectively friendly behavior of mutual respect, responsiveness and hospitality of the people and diversification into the attractions of urban tourism (complementary to pilgrimage and religious tourism), and the most important priorities in the motivational requirements group participate in evening events and nightlife and the presence of road signs in the city, providing maps and brochures to tourists

Social housing refers to a particular type of housing mainly build by national or local government in order to provide houses for low-income groups. Qom, one of Iran's major cities need attention in the housing sector due to its high population one of the most important factors in the development and construction of residential projects is the optimized site. One of the methods of decision-making through weighting to the criteria is hierarchical method of AHP. Based on this method, criteria and sub-criteria are ranked and options for selection of optimized locations are specified. This applied study is a descriptive – analytical research and relies on library resources. Effective criteria and sub- criteria in locating the residential areas are introduced and the hierarchical tree is drawn. These criteria are set in the form of a questionnaire and distributed among urban and housing experts in the municipality of Qom and in order to calculate the average weight given to each criteria and sub criteria paired comparisons have been used. After doing the calculations in the analytic hierarchy process, the output results were in such a way that District 8 is the most suitable area for the construction of social housing. Districts 2 and 3 are a priority after district 8. In this regard, districts, 5, 6 and 7 of the most improper areas in locating and constructing of the project.

Social housing refers to a particular type of housing mainly build by national or local government in order to provide houses for low-income groups. Qom, one of Iran's major cities need attention in the housing sector due to its high population one of the most important factors in the development and construction of residential projects is the optimized site. One of the methods of decision-making through weighting to the criteria is hierarchical method of AHP. Based on this method, criteria and sub-criteria are ranked and options for selection of optimized locations are specified. This applied study is a descriptive – analytical research and relies on library resources. Effective criteria and sub- criteria in locating the residential areas are introduced and the hierarchical tree is drawn. These criteria are set in the form of a questionnaire and distributed among urban and housing experts in the municipality of Qom and in order to calculate the average weight given to each criteria and sub criteria paired comparisons have been used. After doing the calculations in the analytic hierarchy process, the output results were in such a way that District 8 is the most suitable area for the construction of social housing. Districts 2 and 3 are a priority after district 8. In this regard, districts, 5, 6 and 7 of the most improper areas in locating and constructing of the project.