جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سکونتگاه ‏های غیررسمی » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Housing indices are a suitable tool for understanding the housing situation in different dimensions. The current research aims to investigate the physical quality of housing and compare it in formal and informal settlements in the Tabriz metropolis. The current research is in the category of applied research and terms of methodology, it is among descriptive-analytical research. For this purpose, by using library studies, the research of 7 variables; Building life, structure type, building quality, number of floors, housing area, occupancy level, and building density were used as indicators of the physical quality of housing extracted from the detailed plan of Tabriz metropolis 2015. The factor analysis method and factor loading of the variables were used to weigh the variables and the data analysis was done separately through spatial analysis in the Arc GIS software environment and the Electre method in the Excel software environment. Through spatial analysis, the present study achieved the evaluation of the spatial distribution of the physical quality of housing at the neighborhood level, and also through the Electre method, the neighborhoods were ranked according to the physical index of housing quality, and then both findings were compared. The findings of the research showed that based on the spatial analysis, Golpark, Zumard, Valiasr, and Golkar neighborhoods have the largest area in terms of quality, and according to Electre's findings, Zumard, Valiasr and Golkar neighborhoods are ranked first to third.

Today, about one-third of the world's population lives in suburban areas and informal settlements. Is formed by the accumulation of low-income groups and the low level of quality of urban living conditions. The low Livability and low level of housing in informal settlements due to many factors such as low income, lack of legal ownership, lack of government and political support for the neighborhood, etc. can be in line with the present study, with the aim of modeling structural equations. Factors affecting the Livability of Hakim Nezami neighborhood of Urmia dormitory. The research is applied in terms of targeting and descriptive-analytical in nature and method. Library and field method (researcher-made questionnaire) was used to collect information. The statistical population of this study was 379 citizens living in the source of water (47 thousand people) in 1400 by simple random sampling. The results obtained from this study showed that biodegradability is at a low level at the Miyanabad town alley and also according to the results of modeling structural equations of culture and social stability index with a factor load of 0.99 the most impact. In order to improve the Livability of the dormitory, Eslamshahr has a Miyanabad town.

Following the increase in the population of cities and the development of urban life, cities have always faced all kinds of physical, social, economic, and environmental problems. In today's era, solving these problems has become the most important challenge for urban planners. In this regard, planning with the approach of urban livability can create the necessary capacities to deal with these problems. Meanwhile, informal settlements can be considered forgotten and unplanned parts compared to other urban areas, which are very fragile in terms of livability. Therefore, the aim of this research is to measure the informal settlements of Ardabil city based on urban livability indicators and to prioritize them for future planning. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The required data have been collected through field methods. The statistical population of the research corresponds to the 15 informal settlements of Ardabil city. In order to measure the level of livability in the removal areas, the relevant indicators were used using the weighting entropy method, and the target areas were ranked using decision-making techniques, and the Cape Land integration technique was used to achieve the final prioritization. Based on the components used in the present research and the results of the implementation of various decision-making techniques, Salman Abad neighborhood ranked first and Iran Abad neighborhood ranked last in terms of livability with the lowest score. Therefore, it is necessary to plan to improve livability indicators according to the strengths and weaknesses and priorities of each neighborhood.

Empowerment is one of the most effective ways to improve the situation of informal settlements. The social dimension of empowerment is the concern of many thinkers who consider it effective in solving the problems of marginalization. The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of social factors of place in informal settlements on the social empowerment of its residents. Regarding the data collection and analysis method, the current research is of the correlation type and is based on the structural equation model. The library and field data collection method is a questionnaire that is completed with a sample of 150 people from the informal areas of Tabriz city. This research evaluated social factors of place, the independent variable, and social empowerment as the dependent variable. Based on the findings of the research in the theoretical part of social factors affecting the place of two factors, social capital and sense of security, in the informal settlements of Tabriz city, there is a significant relationship between the social factors of the place that affect the body of these settlements and social empowerment (awareness, interaction, and social participation). Also, the factor of social capital has a greater impact on social empowerment than the factor of sense of place security. Among the criteria of social capital, the criterion of social belonging and the components of a sense of security, supervision, and control have the most significant impact on the social empowerment of residents. Therefore, the use of public space, the existence of mixed uses, and the improvement of visual accessibility will impact the social empowerment of the residents of informal settlements.

It is very important to study and evaluate the dimensions of residential satisfaction of heads of households on the scale of informal settlements and also with an emphasis on women heads of households. The main purpose of this descriptive-analytical study is to assess the level of satisfaction of women heads of households with their residential environment in informal settlements of Islamabad Zanjan. To analyze the data, a one-sample questionnaire and one-way t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe post hoc test, Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. Research data were collected using library studies and field research and the sample size was estimated to be 380 based on Cochran's formula. The indicators determined in this research are the "physical" index, "economic" index, "health" index, "social" index, and "welfare" index, respectively. The results of data analysis and questionnaires indicate that for women heads of households in the Islamabad neighborhood of Zanjan, among the studied components, the "social" component is the most important. Also, the components of "physical", "health", "welfare", and finally "economic" are ranked second to fifth. The ranking indicates that the importance of the components of residential satisfaction is not the same for women heads of households in the Islamabad neighborhood of Zanjan. Other research findings show that people with higher university education have more satisfaction with the components of residential satisfaction than people with less education. In general, the satisfaction of female-headed households with their residential environment is lower than the average with a mean number of 2.13.

Recognizing and measuring the quality of life in urban areas that are the result of the actions of urban management and other public and private institutions is a very vital issue. Due to the lack of quality of urban life in informal urban settlements, it is possible to provide a roadmap for urban management and awareness of responsible institutions of the current situation and action to achieve the desired situation. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of life in informal settlements in Miandoab. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection in the field through a questionnaire. The validity of the instrument and its reliability were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha greater than 0.70. The statistical population of the study consists of 11545 citizens living in informal settlements in Miandoab. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula, 313 people. The test results show that four indicators of social, economic, physical and environmental quality of life in informal settlements of Miandoab were significant at a level of less than 0.05. Examination of the direction of significance indicates the inappropriateness of the indicators. The ANOVA test also confirmed that the 10 neighborhoods studied in terms of social, physical and environmental indicators are significantly different at the level of less than 0.05, but in the field of economic indicators (significance level equal to 0.094) there are the same conditions. Assessing the effect of urban management on improving the quality of life through structural equations also confirmed that the rate of explanation for the social index is equal to 0.97; For economic index equal to 0.48; It is equal to 0.93 for the physical index and 0.55 for the environmental index. Therefore, the greatest effect of urban management is on the social index and then the physical.

Rapid urbanization causes the number of problems for citizens and urban managers, which noted the need to adopt strategies and approaches to improve the condition. In the meantime, the concept of quality of life was developed to assess the condition in cities. The quality of life as a multidimensional concept in the economic, social, physical, and other dimensions has been discussed and utilized at various levels and scales. In this research, with the aim of measuring the quality of life in informal settlements of Tabriz, survey method has been used for this purpose. It can be said that the mental attitude of quality of life dominates this research, which Satisfaction and mental opinion of the residents are the basis of work. One-sample T-test and path analysis were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that the average of all dimensions of quality of life is lower than the average, and the only socio-cultural factor is higher than the average. Also, the average total quality of life is 2.82, lower than the average, which reflects the poor quality of life in these neighborhoods. Based on path analysis, the economic dimension with 0.685 has the greatest impact on the quality of life in these neighborhoods. It can be said that any planning for these neighborhoods will be done taking into account different dimensions, in order to be effective.

Informal settlement is one of the undesirable consequences of urbanization in the contemporary world, which is formed as a result of rapid industrialization and regional inequalities, and due to the deprivation and lack of urban life facilities in these settlements compared to other areas. Urban has made them the center of acute urban issues and problems and against sustainable human development. The current situation of informal settlements shows that the plans, forecasts and measures taken to solve the problems of this phenomenon, especially in the metropolis of Tabriz, have not been so effective, so that the expansion of informal settlements in this city itself is a proof of this claim. For this purpose, in this research, it has been tried to systematically identify and analyze the key drivers affecting the formation and expansion of informal settlements in the metropolitan area of Tabriz. The research method in the present study is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with analytical-exploratory nature. In this research, 64 primary factors were extracted in five different areas and analyzed through structural analysis in Mic-Mac software using the Delphi and environmental scanning techniques. Based on the results, eighteen main factors have been identified as key drivers in the formation and expansion of informal settlements in the region. In the next stage, with qualitative analysis, these 18 factors were classified into macro and economy axes. After compiling the scenario, in total, three favorable scenarios, intermediate or static scenario and critical scenario (disaster), were obtained as very strong scenarios with high probability of occurrence for the future of informal settlements in Tabriz metropolis.

As one of the immigrant-friendly centers of Tehran province, Shahryar city has faced physical expansion and the formation of informal settlements. Based on this, the aim of the current research is to present a suitable management model for organizing and empowering these neighborhoods and preventing their formation in Shahryar city with a passive defense approach. The current research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. Research information has been collected in the form of field and documents. The statistical population includes the legal boundaries of Shahriar city in 1401. The sample size consists of 322 residents and 10 experts. Methods such as AHP, TOPSIS, chi-square test, single-variable chi-square test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, regression coefficient and variance regression (ANOVA) have been used to analyze the research data. GIS and SPSS software have been used to analyze research data.The results of the research show that the percentage of neighborhoods with suitable, relatively suitable, average, relatively unsuitable and unsuitable quality is 9%, 22%, 32%, 26% and 11% respectively. Therefore, more than 37% of the fabric of Shahriar city needs passive defense planning. The results of the chi-square test (70.06) and its significance level (0.00) confirm the lack of trust of the residents of Shahryar city towards urban management in reducing the problems of informal settlements. Based on the results of Spearman's correlation coefficient (0.567) and regression determination coefficient (0.37), the urban management model based on local management cores and neighborhood development offices with a passive defense approach on organizing and empowering informal settlements in Shahriar city and preventing the formation They have the most impact. The results of variance regression analysis and simple linear regression analysis have also confirmed this. In addition, the passive defense approach can improve the security and safety factor of Shahriar city through organizing and empowering the neighborhoods, creating facilities and equipment to reduce vulnerability, creating emergency accommodation places.

Unemployment, poverty, difficult economic conditions and issues and problems on the one hand and the desire of people to live in big cities or the proximity of such cities on the other hand have always been one of the main problems of cities in developing countries including Iran. With an expert review and the observation of statistics, it indicates that this problem is becoming more catastrophic, that if a written and designed plan is not considered for it, it will threaten the entire urban communities. Residents who are forced to live in different areas of the city due to many issues and problems, far from the minimum suitable living conditions and without access to sustainable sources of income. Areas that do not have a suitable platform to accept these residents and as a result of this influx of informal settlements for living.

The purpose of the current research is to evaluate the role of informal settlements in the urban spatial structure and to investigate how to prevent the expansion of informal settlements and to find optimal methods to organize these areas in Hamedan city. economic is examined.

In terms of methodology, the present research is based on the nature of applied-developmental research. And the method of collecting descriptive data is from the survey branch. The method of data analysis was done using Delphi technique and statistical analysis using SPSS software.

Studied Areas: 

The geographical scope includes the informal settlements of Hamadan city.

The results obtained from the single-sample t-test about the satisfaction of the residents with the status of informal settlements in Hamadan show that according to the table that is the result of the t-test, these settlements show that satisfaction In these areas, due to the difference between the average and the upper and lower limits, it is average and unfavorable.

The development of Hamedan city and the expansion of urbanization in recent decades have been accompanied by the growth of informal settlements. This socio-economic phenomenon has been formed due to the lack of attention to regional and urban planning and the internal capabilities of the urban area in terms of creating activity and employment capacity, and most of these neighborhoods are located in the service area of Hamadan city, and their main problem is lack of access It is one of the welfare and social services of the city. In addition, the body and appearance of Hamedan city has faced problems. The fact is that these boundaries cannot be removed from the planning space and ignored, but with accurate urban planning and appropriate to the characteristics of the residents, changes should be made in their body and texture.

The main purpose of this research is to investigate the social dimension of livability in the informal settlement of Koshtargah located in Urmia city. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. The collection of information in this research has been done in two ways: library and field. The data collection tool is in the form of a questionnaire and a questionnaire of experts. The statistical population of this research is the residents of the Koshtargah neighborhood, which according to Cochran's formula is 374 people who are randomly distributed in the study area. Data analysis was done quantitatively through SPSS and Excel software. The data collected through the questionnaires were analyzed by one-sample t-tests and Spearman's correlation, and DEMATEL's multi-criteria decision-making method was used to analyze the data of the experts' questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaires has been confirmed by experts. The reliability of the questionnaires has been confirmed through Cronbach's alpha test with an alpha coefficient of 0.711. The findings of this research show that according to the results of the one-sample t-test, the indicators of recreation and leisure and general education are at a lower level than the average level, and the indicators of personal and social security, participation, identity, and sense of place are at an average level. According to the results of the Spearman correlation test, there is a significant relationship between the indicators and the social dimension of livability. according to the results of the DEMATEL model, the personal and social security index with the value (D) of 4.859 is the most effective, and the participation index with the value of (R) 4.798 is the most influential and the index of personal and social security with the value (D+R) of 9.279 has the highest correlation with other Indexes. The results of this research indicate that the level of the social dimension of livability in the Koshtargah neighborhood is lower than average.

In urban environments, especially in city neighborhoods, factors such as broken windows, garbage on the streets, paintings on walls, abandoned buildings, and lack of street lighting, especially in the suburbs of the city, lead to the creation of an environment that promotes crime and delinquency and as a result the sense of security of the citizens is endangered.

The type of research is applied and its statistical population is a combination of experts including informants, specialists and experts related to urban management in marginalized areas. The sample size was considered based on simple random sampling and Morgan's table of 299 households living in the marginal areas of Yazd city. Inferential statistics (correlation coefficient, regression coefficient, multivariate analysis of variance) have been used in order to connect variables and answer the research questions.

The results of the network analysis model also show that the physical indicators including the narrow width of the passages, the age of the building, the presence of ruins, the area of ​​separate parts, the compatibility of uses, the provision of the required open space with a value of 0.196 have the greatest role in increasing the threat. In the psychological components of the environment including the lack of seclusion, lack of security and safety, and lack of access to public spaces and children's play spaces.

In order to reduce the psychological vulnerability caused by the issues and problems of informal settlements, a settlement empowerment model has been formulated. In this model, in the first step, the issues and problems of the context related to psychology were investigated, in the second step, capacity measurement and planning were carried out, in the third step, the program was implemented to organize and reduce the psychological problems of the environment and In the fourth step, the feedback of the issues was investigated.

Today, the land and housing market has always been one of the income-generating markets, and this issue has enjoyed high prosperity and great importance during recent decades in the developing countries, especially Iran. In this regard, the expansion of urban land or the annexation of rural areas to it has always been used as a state rent and plays an important role in the expansion of the city and the creation of informal settlements. Now, what Iran's metropolises, especially Tehran, are facing is informal settlements, one of the main factors of which is rentier economy. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to analysis of the role of rentier economy on the indicators of in the urban peripheral Informal Settlements (Case of study: border villages of 19th district of Tehran). This research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of the nature and method of research. The data required for the research has been collected using the documentary-field method (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research includes experts and experts in the fields of rural planning, urban planning, etc., and the sample size was determined using the purposeful sampling method of 50 people. SPSS software was also used for data analysis. The results showed that the rent economy affects all the indicators of the urban peripheral Informal Settlements, and the intensity of this relationship is higher in the management and social aspects at the level of the 19th district of Tehran.Today, the land and housing market has always been one of the income-generating markets, and this issue has enjoyed high prosperity and great importance during recent decades in the developing countries, especially Iran. In this regard, the expansion of urban land or the annexation of rural areas to it has always been used as a state rent and plays an important role in the expansion of the city and the creation of informal settlements. Now, what Iran's metropolises, especially Tehran, are facing is informal settlements, one of the main factors of which is rentier economy. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to analysis of the role of rentier economy on the indicators of in the urban peripheral Informal Settlements (Case of study: border villages of 19th district of Tehran). This research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of the nature and method of research. The data required for the research has been collected using the documentary-field method (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research includes experts and experts in the fields of rural planning, urban planning, etc., and the sample size was determined using the purposeful sampling method of 50 people. SPSS software was also used for data analysis. The results showed that the rent economy affects all the indicators of the urban peripheral Informal Settlements, and the intensity of this relationship is higher in the management and social aspects at the level of the 19th district of Tehran.Today, the land and housing market has always been one of the income-generating markets, and this issue has enjoyed high prosperity and great importance during recent decades in the developing countries, especially Iran. In this regard, the expansion of urban land or the annexation of rural areas to it has always been used as a state rent and plays an important role in the expansion of the city and the creation of informal settlements. Now, what Iran's metropolises, especially Tehran, are facing is informal settlements, one of the main factors of which is rentier economy. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to analysis of the role of rentier economy on the indicators of in the urban peripheral Informal Settlements (Case of study: border villages of 19th district of Tehran). This research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of the nature and method of research. The data required for the research has been collected using the documentary-field method (questionnaire). The statistical population of the research includes experts and experts in the fields of rural planning, urban planning, etc., and the sample size was determined using the purposeful sampling method of 50 people. SPSS software was also used for data analysis. The results showed that the rent economy affects all the indicators of the urban peripheral Informal Settlements, and the intensity of this relationship is higher in the management and social aspects at the level of the 19th district of Tehran.

Urban renewal approach as an approach to urban renewal implies a set of adaptation processes and can be considered as an appropriate approach to renew the degraded texture of Iranian cities. This approach emphasizes more than other intervention approaches the cooperation between residents and local authorities in the framework of integrated management. The purpose of this study is to provide strategies for empowering informal settlements with an urban regeneration approach. The research method is descriptive-analytical with an applied nature. To collect data, interviews and questionnaires were used and in order to analyze the data, the strategic model of SOAR and QSPM were used. The statistical population of the study includes residents of the Poshteshahr neighborhood and officials related to worn-out and marginal tissue affairs. The results showed that Poshteshahr neighborhood, despite the existing problems and challenges, has many strengths and opportunities that with appropriate measures and taking advantage of the urban renewal approach, can become an active and suitable neighborhood for tourism and getting out of the marginal state. Estimating the attractiveness coefficients of experts and using the QSPM model to prioritize strategies showed that developing public areas by creating appropriate and compatible uses in the neighborhood in order to achieve a lively, dynamic, and active place with an attractiveness score of 2 .613 seems to be the most effective strategy.

Human population's desire for urban spaces which causes the formation of informal accommodation phenomenon, provides a context for the concept defined as quality of urban life. In this regard, recognize and prioritize the qualitative components in the form of physical–spatial characteristics, would be the main focus of this survey. In this study, the research method from is practical and to achieve the goal, both qualitative research method and survey strategy are applied. Collecting data, initially, is done through studying documents, direct site observation and also field impression of space users of informal settings in Mashhad along with survey analytical method via Fuzzy Delphi Technique and questionnaire survey. Finally, the achieved environmental qualities from Delphi Method are ranked based on Entropy Shannon Technique. The results of this study indicate the common problems and needs among the residents and their dissatisfaction with their living space. Based on the survey, in these 4 settlements, through conducting two stages of Delphi questionnaire, environmental criteria affecting the quality of life of settlers were achieved which were classified into 7 thematic categories via Shannon technique. The weight obtained for each category shows the importance of issues with a focus on security, people and activity which are subset of functional discussion in "sustainable place Model". Finally, the model of effective environmental quality indicators in informal settlements in which the weight of each category of indicators and the order of their significance is presented which explains the priority areas of qualitative intervention in these sectors.

This research has investigated City Development Strategy (CDS) in improvement of informal settlements in Imam Khomeini Port. The research type  is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical and quantitative. We used documentary and library methods to explain the goals and principles of CDS field survey to check its indicators in the study area and questionnaire  to collect data.. The sample size was determined by Cochran formula with the number of 376 residents by simple random sampling and 50 experts and 26 components were selected as dependent variables for indicators of  governance, competitiveness, banking and livability. The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, 0.76 for the residents' and 0.81 for the experts' questionnaires. Inferentiotic statistics methods such as T-test were used for data analysis SWOT analysis was used to determine appropriate strategies and QSPM method was used to prioritize strategies. The results of the studied indicators from the perspective of citizens with an average of 2.3 and from the experts' view with an average of 2.9 showed that CDS indicators in Imam Khomeini port are not in a good conditions. Appropriate strategies (WT) with defensive position were determined and prioritized. The first to fourth priorities were determined in the order of attracting people's participation, focusing on strategic thinking and integrated urban management, paying special attention to environmental issues and justice in access to facilities. The innovative approach of this research is to provide operational solutions to improve the situation of a city that has hosted the immigrants of the imposed war and endured a lot of pressure during the 8 years of holy defense.

Studying and investigating the existing situation of informal settlements is considered as one of the most important tools in order to ease their problems and an approach to solve the future problems of the residents of these settlements. The purpose of this descriptive-analytical research is to analyze the situation of informal settlements in the north of Tabriz metropolis with a case study of Ahmadabad neighborhood. The data of the research has been collected using documentary studies, field investigation, information taken from the Iranian Statistical Center and the statistical blocks of Tabriz metropolis in 2015. The investigated cases in this research are 14 cases, including the number of floors, the average area of buildings, the condition of slopes and elevation points, gender ratio, employment and unemployment rates, building quality, literacy status, household size, important urban uses, network status. roads, the type of building frame, the type of materials, the average age of the buildings and finally the age structure of the residents of Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz. The results of the research indicate that more than three-quarters of the dominant texture of Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz is fine-grained, and in terms of the age of the buildings, more than 40% of the buildings are more than 30 years old. More than 64% of the uses belong to residential use. The share of active population in Ahmadabad neighborhood is more than (74.02%) other age groups. The roads in this neighborhood have low width, poor quality flooring and many traffic junctions. More than 90% of residential building materials are made of non-durable or non-durable materials such as brick and wood. In general, it can be said that the status of informal settlements in Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz is at a low level.

The vulnerability of informal settlements to environmental hazards reveals the importance of paying attention to resilience. Resilience is considered a form of foresight due to the dynamic nature of society's response to risks. Accordingly, this issue is one of the ways to reduce risk and vulnerability in human settlements. This research has been carried out to identify physical factors affecting the creation of resilient neighborhoods in the areas involved with informal settlements in Hamedan city against environmental hazards. The research indicators were evaluated in five spectrums of user index, density index, access index, physical structure index, and road network. The present research method is practical in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method, and to collect information and data, documentary and field method (questionnaire) has been used. The results show that the level of resilience of informal settlements in Hamedan city is lower than the average level and the first factor i.e. building resistance has the biggest role in explaining the improvement of resilience of informal settlements in Hamedan city. This factor can be successful in dealing with and adapting to resilience. Among the identified factors, the density factor does not affect improving the resilience of informal settlements, and other factors have a direct and positive effect.

With the revelation of the weakness of urban development plans that were prepared without a strategic approach, the necessity of making changes in the process and methods of preparing these plans was felt. The result of such changes is the preparation and implementation of the urban development strategy (CDS), which is used in many cities today in various dimensions, including the category of organizing informal settlements. Since the spatial distribution of cities and population in the framework of a comprehensive plan, these settlements have not been done, which has caused extensive problems for the city complex. Therefore, today, especially from the point of view of systematic planning, no one can deny the micro and macro effects of informal settlements on the whole city. Therefore, taking into account that the topic under study is considered one of the challenging topics in the field of urban management, security and urban sustainability in many developing countries, the present research studies the various dimensions of informal settlements in the city of Mahabad. The study method in this research is based on library and field studies, and its main basis is the implementation of the 20-year city development strategy study plan and the five-year plan of Mahabad city municipality. The results of this part of the study show the poor condition of different parts of the eleven points of the informal settlement of Mahabad city in different dimensions of social, physical, cultural behaviors and injuries, natural, population issues, etc. Based on this, at each stage, according to the fact that in the survey studies, the characteristics and problems of different neighborhoods were identified, the general, operational goals, strategies and solutions to achieve the goals are also based on the framework determined in the urban development strategy studies. (CDS) was stated.

Nowadays, paying attention to a resilient society in crisis management and risk reduction and disaster management is an inevitable necessity especially in areas prone to disasters and crises. In this regard, the present study has been written with the aim of identifying the influential socio-economic components of resilience in informal settlements of Tabriz metropolis. The research method in the present study is applied in terms of purpose, survey in terms of implementation method and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of the study was residents of informal settlements of Tabriz metropolis (More than 400,000 people) and administrators, officials, and academic elites which have been the sample size of residents is estimated at 383 according to the Cochran method and the sample size of managers and officials is estimated at 100 based on the Delphi method. Also have been used for data analysis T-test, regression, and structural equation modeling. The research findings indicate that the economic and social characteristics of individuals have a significant impact on individual and social resilience in informal settlements, which has the greatest impact on economic indicators related to the variables of employment status, income and housing ownership with coefficients of 0.69, 0.67 and 0.62, and among the social indicators, the highest impact is related to the variables of the level of education and the sense of spatial belonging to the neighborhood with the coefficients of 0.54 and 0.42, respectively. Also, in socio-economic structures, the most effective on the formation of informal settlements, the existence of communication bases between people and responsible organizations to accelerate the quality of responding to needs in times of crisis and appropriate credits of banks and local government institutions to restore the situation before the crisis, that their T-test statistics are 12.44 and 11.32, respectively.