جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « security » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

In recent years, the new concept of human security was introduced to the world community at the same time as the wave of governments' tendency to adopt new strategies in line with sustainable development, and clearly with the United Nations Development Center's annual report, which in its seven dimensions (economic, food, health, environmental, personal, social and political) affected the general policies of governments. The effective use of human resources, in such a way as to lead to the growth and development of core capabilities, is one of the most important organizational goals and a factor in gaining competitive advantage. This article aims to improve the security of human capital with the approach of strategic foresight capabilities. The statistical population of this research consists of two groups of professors in the field of management and a group of managers in the field of industry. With the purposeful sampling method, 17 university professors and industry managers were selected as a statistical sample of experts. Finally, to improve the security of human capital with the approach of strategic foresight capabilities; The relationship between the components of the two variables of human capital and strategic capabilities; With the structural equation modeling method, the results of the research showed that the variable of the organization's strategic foresight capabilities includes the components of dynamic capabilities, environmental navigation capabilities, strategic selection capabilities, integrated capabilities, individualistic capabilities, and the human capital variable includes the components of cognitive capabilities, behavioral capabilities and Competence is metacognitive. According to the results of the research and analysis of the relationships between the components, it was suggested that organizations should pay more attention to the cognitive ability, behavioral capabilities and metacognitive competence of the employees.

The aim of the current research is to identify the factors affecting the implementation of cyber insurance among insurance companies in Iran. The current research is developmental and applicable in terms of its purpose, and is of qualitative methods. The statistical population of the research is specialists and experts in the field of cyber insurance, who have been identified using the snowball sampling method. Using the interview technique, the data was collected and then the data and categories were coded and classified using the MAXQDA software version 2020. The reliability of the research was measured using the Kappa coefficient. In the last stage, the research model is extracted based on the Strauss and Corbin model. Based on the results of the research, the causal factors were divided into scientific, technical, and network indicators. Insurance perspective with the title of intervening factor, analysis of the external and internal environment as well as marketing and paying attention to the executive arms as foundational factors, ecosystem approach and formulation of insurance strategy as a solution, and finally increasing the level of knowledge of the insurance company, safety and security of data, improvement of services and company income, and uncertainty about the operation of insurance are known as positive and negative consequences of cyber insurance.

In this article, the modeling and solution of a location-routing problem of the war equipment hub based on the queuing system has been discussed. The purpose of presenting this model is to reduce the time of transferring war equipment between trenches and increase the safety of transferring equipment through hubs. Therefore, two important strategic and tactical decisions are made, including the location of hubs, the allocation of trenches to the hub, and the appropriate routing of the transfer of war equipment between trenches. Because the hubs are known as the point of collecting and distributing war equipment, therefore, the queue system has been used to send war equipment and organize it.

In this article, a new algorithm of MOPSO and MOALO is introduced, which has the ability to search more of the solution space. The results of solving the model with the LP-Metrics method show that the use of safe routes far from the reach of the enemy has increased the security of equipment transfer, while the time to send these items has increased. In this situation, the hubs can supply the equipment needed by the trenches that are located in the defined coverage radius.

By solving different numerical examples, MOALPSO showed that it has higher performance than MOALO and MOPSO. While the solution time by this algorithm was much higher than other algorithms. Also, the uncertainty in the demand and the time of the transfer of war equipment led to the use of the optimization method. The results of the sensitivity analysis on the uncertainty rate showed that with the increase of the uncertainty rate, the amount of demand in the nodes has increased and this problem has led to an increase in the waiting time for sending military equipment and thereby reducing security.

A B S T R A C TThe effective role of the police in creating order and security is one of the most important variables affecting tourists' satisfaction. The current research aims to identify ways to improve pilgrims' satisfaction with police management services in Mashhad. The research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in nature. The participants were selected from three groups, including police experts, tourism specialists, trustees, and those involved in the affairs of tourist accommodation places and service, commercial and hospitality centers. The data of the qualitative stage were obtained from 13 semi-structured interviews and were analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach. The results of the findings of this stage became the basis for the design of the questionnaire for the Delphi survey. The number of participants in the Delphi survey was 40. The calculation of Kendall's consensus coefficient was based on the consensus in the survey stages. This value is between 0 and 1; the closer the calculated number is to 1, the higher the degree of agreement and consensus. In the second stage of the Delphi survey phase, this value was higher than the acceptable limit (0.5) in all dimensions, and therefore, the opinion polling process was stopped. So, the values of Kendall's consensus coefficient about improving the satisfaction of pilgrims with the police by three dimensions, including urban traffic and transportation, tourist accommodation places, and service, commercial and hospitality centers, are respectively 0.72, 0.71, and 0.66. The results of this research include practical approaches to improve religious tourists' satisfaction with police services in Mashhad Extended AbstractIntroductionHowever, suppose the law enforcement management performs well by adopting effective measures and methods in preventing, confronting, and controlling violations, crimes, and violations. In that case, it can provide a reliable image of the public image of Mashhad as a destination by improving the satisfaction of religious tourists (pilgrims). Draw the main religious tourism in the country, the region, and even the Islamic world in the minds of tourists. After Tehran, Mashhad is considered Iran's largest metropolis and spiritual capital, and its urban population is increasing every year. Every year, millions of eager pilgrims from all over the country and other Islamic countries visit Mashhad to visit the royal court of Hazrat Samen-Al-Hajj. According to the statistics provided by the Director-General of the Pilgrim Welfare Affairs Office of Khorasan Razavi Governorate in 2018, more than 28 million and 590 thousand pilgrims (religious tourists) visited the holy shrine of Imam Reza (AS), of which more than 3.5 million; it consists of foreign pilgrims (mostly from Arabic-speaking countries such as Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Yemen, and Urdu-speaking countries from India and Pakistan, as well as Turkey and Azerbaijan). Mashhad also has a particular position in the country due to its geographical, religious, and cultural conditions. It is important to note that over 30 million pilgrims visit the city of Mashhad annually, which is three times the city's population of 3.5 million. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively manage the reception and satisfaction of these religious tourists, especially on such a large scale. Thus, the present study emphasizes increasing the satisfaction of Imam Reza (AS) pilgrims in Mashhad, and the main issue of the research is religious tourism and law enforcement management from the point of view of experts. MethodologyThe present study is mixed research (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of practical purpose and the nature of the data. Tourism and experts in the field of research were identified by the method of "improbable and targeted sampling," and an interview was conducted. For this study, four groups of participants were selected, including police experts, religious tourism specialists, individuals in charge of tourism accommodation and service centers, and those in the business and hospitality industry. Due to the heterogeneity of the groups, initial estimates were made based on every 10 participants, resulting in 40 Delphi panel members. Results and discussionIn the present study, sub-questions were developed according to the purpose of the research. These questions are ways to improve the satisfaction of pilgrims from law enforcement services in Mashhad in three main categories; "urban traffic and transportation," "tourist accommodation," and "service centers." "Commerce and Hospitality." A questionnaire to examine these three categories was used to answer the research sub-questions. Answers to some of the research questions were possible by examining descriptive statistics such as frequency/percentage, mean, and standard deviation of the answers given, and answers to some other questions were possible by the inferential analysis of the collected data by calculating the Kendall coordination coefficient and average categories. According to the results, the Kendall agreement's value for 7 sub-categories related to "urban traffic and transportation in Mashhad" increased from 0.451 in the first round of the Delphi survey to 0.716 in the second round. The value of the Kendall agreement coefficient for 12 sub-categories related to "tourist accommodation places in Mashhad" increased from 0.435 in the first round of the Delphi survey to 0.711 in the second round. The value of the Kendall agreement coefficient for 11 sub-categories related to "service, commercial, and hospitality centers in Mashhad" increased from 0.387 in the first round of the Delphi survey to 0.657 in the second round. ConclusionDue to reaching an acceptable consensus among the members participating in the Delphi survey regarding how to improve the pilgrims' satisfaction with the law enforcement management services in Mashhad, the three main categories of the Delphi survey were completed. Based on the research findings, it is suggested that based on the results, in the discussion of traffic and urban transportation in the holy city of Mashhad, creating one-way routes to the holy shrine of Razavi is the priority in promoting pilgrims' satisfaction, so it is necessary in order to facilitate the passage of pilgrims to the holy shrine, traffic plans around the holy shrine of Razavi have been reviewed, and one-way traffic routes have been created. Also, since in the component related to law enforcement management services in the discussion of traffic and urban transportation in Mashhad, the parking in commercial areas is one of the most critical issues and it seems that parking the car in a suitable place is one of the concerns have been raised. The lack of parking is evident, especially in commercial areas in Mashhad, so it is suggested that appropriate parking lots be constructed around commercial areas. FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionAll of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work. Conflict of InterestAuthors declared no conflict of interest. AcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

The purpose of the article is to explain the necessity and design of a trend titled "Cultural Authority and Security" as one of the possible and necessary educational trends for the field of strategic cultural management. Today, with the development of academic fields that focus on culture with study, policy-making, management and planning approaches, the discussion of the necessity and manageability of this field has not gained much importance, and these approaches are a sufficient indication of such a necessity.
For trend design, there are extensive theoretical and practical backgrounds at three levels: global, national, and intra-organizational (National Defense University and Higher Research Institute). This background is used for exploitation using the content analysis method in the axes that are ultimately and mystically of interest for the design of any university educational direction or field, i.e. educational goals and subjects and headings, analysis and in the expert group consisting of professors of the cultural department of the School of Strategic Cultural Management, professors Guide and consultant of group study and students of the 7th course of cultural strategic management, based on the model of "attractiveness of discussion" and "educational feasibility of topics", prioritized, educational structure in the form of a curriculum consisting of main and specialized courses, systematized and approved Validity was provided to the experts through an expert questionnaire, which confirmed the necessity and correctness of the content and structure of the content.

The process of risk identification and analysis is one of the main components of an effective internal control system. Managers of economic enterprises and organizations are the owners and directly responsible for risks and the establishment of internal controls, but these risks are somewhat ignored by managers. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors affecting internal controls in order to reduce the risk of economic enterprises and provide an optimal model. The research method is the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. In order to answer the research question, by sending a questionnaire to 70 experts in the field of auditing and accounting, according to the Kozo framework, the factors affecting internal controls to reduce the risk of economic enterprises were identified, and then data were analyzed using the statistical method of structural equations and Smart PLS software. In the qualitative part of this research, according to the results of the questionnaires, data analysis and targeted sampling, 12 experts were selected as participants in the research, while interviewing them and using the results of previous research on 6 factors including: risk assessment, security systems, framework and Organizational chart, strategy, reports and information and professional ethics were identified as effective factors in reducing the risk of internal control system and significant relationships between these factors were identified. Finally, the optimal pattern of implementing factors affecting internal controls in order to reduce risk was drawn. The results showed that the risk assessment factor with a factor loading of 16.670 had the highest effect and the reports and information factor with a factor load of 7.451 had the lowest effect on internal control to reduce the risk of companies.

This study aims to explore the impact of blockchain technology on enhancing transparency and security in financial transactions within the entrepreneurial ecosystem. A qualitative research approach was utilized, employing semi-structured interviews with experts and practitioners in the field of blockchain and finance. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis to identify key themes and categories. The study identified five main themes: Transparency in Transactions, Security of Transactions, Impact on Entrepreneurship, Adoption and Challenges, and Technological Infrastructure. Each theme encompasses various sub-categories and concepts highlighting the potential benefits and challenges of implementing blockchain in financial transactions. Blockchain technology offers significant opportunities to enhance transparency and security in financial transactions. However, widespread adoption is contingent upon overcoming technical and regulatory challenges. Future research should focus on developing practical strategies for blockchain integration into various sectors.

Mass media with their specific and determining functions, have found a special place in society.By emphasizing media literacy and media education, the mass media can play an effective role in consolidating governance, building people's trust in governance, and increasing the parameters of sustainable security objectively and subjectively in society. Mass media have many different functions.The purpose of this study is to investigate the tactics of mass media education and awareness on the sustainable security of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The research method in this research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of descriptive method. The statistical population of this research includes 100 media experts from one of the security organizations.In this study, in order to be more convincing and generalizable research results and findings, the sample size was selected as a whole.

The data of this study, which was based on 14 indicators, were prepared through a researcher-made questionnaire and provided to experts and elites.Findings and results showed that the propositions: educational needs assessment; Use of perceptual and comprehension methods in education and awareness; The effect of message precedence and delay; Creating and promoting motivation and interest in the audience; Also, diversity in the repetition of media education and awareness are considered as the most important tactics of mass media education and awareness on the sustainable security of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

 The feeling of security is one of the basic conditions of travel and tourism, and in today's unstable and competitive world, it is considered as a competitive advantage for choosing a destination in the tourism industry. For this purpose, this research has identified and analyzed the factors affecting tourists' sense of security in the Rey city.

The study is applied and descriptive-analytical, and it is conducted as a survey. The sample size is 384 persons, and the statistical population of visitors who visited the city of Rey in 1397. A questionnaire created by the researcher was used to collect data and information. Multivariate approaches in SPSS statistical software were used to analyze the data.

Environmental factors such as the shrine's environment and space, as well as the surrounding urban environment; social factors such as police presence and performance, as well as media performance and role; and individual factors such as gender and social class all have an impact on a person's sense of security.
Results and

The results suggest that tourists in Rey city have a very high sense of security in the surroundings and inside the shrine and a moderate sense of security in the urban districts surrounding the shrine. Men and women had nearly identical feelings of safety. Tourists gave the police a high rating and the media a low rating. The strength and ability of public media and social networks should be used to increase awareness and develop a culture among the host community and visitors to generate a sense of security among tourists while paying essential and appropriate attention to the environment around the shrine.

Today, one of the main concerns of governments is to ensure national security and achieve sustainable development with an emphasis on maintaining social capital. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of social capital components on the promotion of national security after the Islamic Revolution. The current research method is a bit of correlational type and based on the purpose of applied type. The statistical population included all middle and senior managers of Golestan province, numbering 187 people. To determine the sample size, Cochran's formula was used and the sample size was 126 people. The data collection tool was a social capital impact questionnaire with 75 items and a national security questionnaire with 65 items. For data analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used using SPSS24 software. The research findings indicate that in terms of security, social capital resources have a lot in common with the country's national security components, which makes possible the next steps in the path of progress and development. Therefore, it can be concluded that having suitable social capital will provide security in all dimensions and ultimately development and progress at the level of the society, on the contrary, the lack of social capital, the lack of other capitals, including economic, political, cultural, etc. will follow and this issue will be an obstacle in the path of development and progress.

Due to its geographical location, rich resources, and divine reserves, Iran has been a target of powerful forces, while simultaneously moving towards the establishment of an Islamic civilization and rejecting foreign domination. One of the significant threats discussed by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution is the issue of infiltration. The aim of this research is to prevent enemy infiltration into the country based on the ideological system of the Supreme Leader. This research is developmental in terms of objectives, conducted qualitatively with a grounded theory approach. Data collection involved extracting content from the commands and measures of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution related to the topic of infiltration from 1370 onwards, resulting in 134 pages, with 465 open codes. Subsequently, using MAXQDA software and based on the expert opinions of 20 selected information society employees using purposive sampling up to theoretical saturation, central coding and then selective coding based on the grounded theory approach were carried out. The credibility of the research was assessed using the relational evaluation method. The findings consist of 30 conceptual codes and 8 sub-categories, categorized into 5 main categories: 1. Ali conditions (strong structures and existing capabilities); 2. Ground conditions (ideological system and internal strength); 3. Intervention conditions (enemy hostility and internal weaknesses); 4. Strategies (preventive actions and information dominance); 5. Consequences (increased awareness and social effects). Finally, the core concept, titled "Prevention of Enemy Infiltration," was developed as a product of comprehensive care. Comprehensive care leads to transformation, enemy identification, understanding the truth, system empowerment, and societal well-being, not only preventing enemy infiltration but also having numerous other effects.

Nowadays, the use of cyberspace has become inevitable, but unfortunately, unregulated and unmanaged use of cyberspace by children has caused many problems for families and individuals, such as addiction, depression, isolation, obsession, low self-esteem, distrust, divorce, and wasting a lot of time. Usually, due to their busy schedules, parents cannot monitor their children's online activities properly. Therefore, parental control tools have been developed in the world to help parents manage and monitor their children's behavior in cyberspace. After reviewing the literature, collecting expert opinions and research studies, three-tiered and five-tiered categorizations of parental control tools have been introduced, examined, and compared in this article, and the most suitable parental control tools have been identified. In the following, solutions and suggestions for controlling and monitoring the use of cyberspace and implementing parental control for parents, programmers, telecommunications operators, software providers, movie and series websites, mobile phone manufacturers, and router designers and manufacturers have been presented.

The dispute over shared border waters can threaten international peace and security. The danger of the future war over
Productivity improvement and attention to the economic, security, and political values of water are some important general policies of the system to maintain and consume water, and prevent water from exiting the borders. As the conflict over the shared water of the border can threaten the international peace and security, the possibility of war over water was seriously discussed in the early 90s among university professors and researchers. Turkmenistan covers a large land of desert, and takes the required water from the shared and trans-regional water. One of the controversies between Iran and Turkmenistan was the shared water of Atrak before and after the fall of the soviet-union. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The research question is: What are the political-security challenges between Iran and Turkmenistan in relation to the shared use of Atrak and its hydro-politics? The findings suggested that the current diplomacy in Iran with regards to Atrak before and after the fall of the soviet-union was to consolidate, and prevent tension. This has resulted in Turkmenistan’s abusing the water resources of Atrak out of the international regulations. Accordingly, Iran should follow a new approach with regards to Atrak’s hydro-politics and the two countries should cooperate and prevent conflicts through borrowing practical strategies.

The security relations governing the relations between the United Arab Emirates and the Zionist regime emphasize the fact that the Islamic Republic of Iran can be considered a common threat to the interests of the Emirates and the security and survival of the Zionist regime, for this reason, this issue is the main platform for the formation of the security relations between the UAE and the Zionist regime. Is. The change in the relations between Abu Dhabi and Tel Aviv has gone through a gradual and growing process, and after two decades of secret relations under the name of hidden diplomacy, it has become the normalization of relations between the UAE and the Zionist regime. In this regard, the development of relations between the UAE and the Zionist regime has consequences for Iran and creates the basis for the creation of security challenges in the region against Iran's interests, therefore it is necessary to formulate counter strategies.The aim of the current research is to find a strategy to deal with the consequences ofAR strategic model.ling in order to measure the validity of form and content and to measure the reliability, the agreement of two coders was used. Data analysis was done through four factors in the SOAR model, by which strategic planning was carried out using the SOAR model, factors were identified and ranked based on the results of the research, and the most important strategic factors were extracted by intersection.

Along with the expansion of the use of MAVs in human societies, security, and law enforcement threats and damages are also expanding. Therefore, this research tries to analyze these threats in the next decade by using the basics of technology forecasting and using the fuzzy Delphi method.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of combined strategy, and terms of implementation in the form of descriptive-survey research. The statistical community consists of industry experts and university professors in the field of technologies related to MAVs. According to the purpose of the research, targeted sampling and 44 people were selected. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity was determined by content method and reliability by Cronbach's alpha method. Data analysis was also done through the fuzzy Delphi method using SPSS and Excel software.Main

The findings of this research show that 10 functional capabilities and 18 indicators of security threats can be predicted for MAVs in the next decade. Cheapness and availability" are the first priority. Therefore, according to these functional priorities, 9 indicators of security threats were determined.The author's

the widespread use of MAVs and the corresponding increase in the rate of threats and the scope of threats, the increase in the ability of MAVs to perform missions in terms of variety and quality, the reduction of the possibility of dealing with the threats of MAVs, the reduction of the possibility of identifying, monitoring and arresting the perpetrators and subsequent legal follow-ups will be among the most important security challenges facing the government in the next 10 years.

Sports parks are one of the places that can help facilitate public sports in the community. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of physical factors and security of sports parks in promoting the nostalgia of Tehran citizens to public sports.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose and based on structural equation modeling in terms of research method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all citizens participating in public sports in Tehran who had at least 3 months of continuous presence in parks in Tehran. Morgan table was used to obtain the sample size and the sample size was estimated to be 382 people. In this study, cluster random sampling method was used. All statistical calculations of this study were performed using SPSS statistical software and analyzes related to structural equation modeling using Amos software.

Upon completion of the coding, the security-social consequences of the event in the two areas of positive and constructive social impacts, including infrastructure and urban development, economic benefits, community solidarity, social and cultural exchanges, improved positive attitudes to society, learning opportunities and social interactions, and The categories of adverse effects and security-social disadvantages were categorized as economic costs, traffic hazards, security risks, environmental concerns and social disturbances.

Appropriate physical factors, if present in a safe and secure environment, create positive emotions for participants in sports and lead to a sense of satisfaction from participating in sports activities. It is in this way that the memories of interacting with others and dating in sports activities become positive and people's desire for sports increases.

one of the important factors for citizens' cooperation with the police lies in the social capital of the police, which improves the legitimacy and trust of citizens in the police; Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the social capital of the police and the general willingness to cooperate with the prevention police of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in nature, which was conducted using thematic analysis method. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview with eighteen experts who were selected purposefully. Interviews continued until theoretical saturation. For validation, two strategies of external review and pluralism were used.

Based on the findings of the research, three main themes and eleven sub-themes were obtained, and the main themes of citizens' interaction with the police based on social capital are: trust between the police and the people (capacity building for people's participation, voluntary activities of the police, social interaction and use of social networks), fairness in police behavior (police honesty, behavioral justice, legalism and ethical standards) and police empowerment (employee capacity building, police competence, police socialization), which causes the desire of citizens to cooperate with the police for prevention and ultimately improvement of performance.

According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the prevention police, as the largest police unit, needs to interact with citizens to achieve its goals, and by using the themes of trust, fairness and empowerment, interaction and cooperation with the police can be achieved.

Aim and One of the stages of the human resources planning process is the planning for the retirement of human properties, which in most organizations has not received much attention. Organizations, as well as overseeing, planning, organizing, and supervising their employees for the selection, recruitment, training and employment of their employees, must also think about the retirement of their employees. Sovereign Institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran are not exceptions to the general model of the country and have problems, so some reforms proposed from within the system to reform the country's pension system. The aim of this study is to provide desirable Structural equation model for pension payments system of sovereign institutions employees in Islamic republic of Iran.  To do this study, models and related factors in design of pension payments system from scientific articles were examined which resulted in the extraction of variables, dimensions and components of the comprehensive model. The data collected through a questionnaire. These activities resulted in confirm the presented pattern with 6 variables; "Retirement Layers", "Retirement Plans", "Pension Payments System Factors", "Retirement Programs", "Retirement Types" and " Compensation Systems", 25 dimensions and 57 components. The purpose of correlational research is to understand complex patterns through the study of the relationships between the variables of the patterns that interactions between them. This method is especially useful in situations where the aim is to discover the relationship between variables that did not researched. In addition, the Delphi technique used in various stages of the research, including designing the data collection tool, compiling the initial research model and determining the indicators, as well as validating the final research model. The statistical population of the current research consists of two groups as follows:A. The first group includes experts and professors who are experts in the field of human resources management and administrative affairs and familiar with management issues and familiar with employee issues in the public sector.B. The second group includes all the employees of the organizations of Kerman province in the framework of the case study.At the time of the research, the number of employees included 1047 people. Using Morgan's table to select the sample size, 282 people were determined and selected by simple random sampling. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Basically, retirement payment systems tailor to the specific circumstances of each country, including the level of development, demographic trends, macroeconomic policies, infrastructure, institutional capacity and depth and ability of financial markets.In final, to solve the problems of pension funds, the need for technical changes in the method of calculating pensions, changing the retirement age, reducing benefits, introducing new types of financing such as public and private savings schemes or ways to improve governance and income generation and investment policies of the funds is discussed. In order to examine and determine the effectiveness of the proposed research model, the conceptual model and test results of the present research questions were provided to the experts, and they were asked to determine whether the proposed model was effective or not according to the conceptual model and the results. The results showed that 18 (91%) of the experts confirmed the effectiveness of the pattern.Discussion and Although, in order to improve the measurement of the effectiveness and the optimal pattern of the system of pension payments for the employees of the governing institutions of the Islamic Republic of Iran and to explain the factors related to it, it is felt to identify the dimensions and network the structural components more precisely. Of course, assuming constant economic and climatic conditions considered one of the limitations of the research.In order to improve the situation of the pension payment system, two corrective solutions proposed: first is to increase the retirement age and the minimum number of years of service. Considering that the life expectancy has increased, there is no reason for the retirement age to remain constant. The improvement of health indicators means that people have the ability to work for more years, and therefore, with the amendment of the legal retirement age, the number of years of receiving a pension reduced and the number of years of paying insurance premiums increased. This solution also has favorable results for the economy because it adds to the supply of formal labor. The second solution is to increase the number of base years for pension calculation.

Among the cultural endeavors of Armed Forces researchers, we can mention the development of cultures in the field of defense, security, military and law enforcement. While appreciating all the authors of these works and their efforts, each of whom has dealt with this issue from a different point of view, there is a big flaw in these works, and that is that the compilation of these cultures does not conform to some cultural criteria. Is writing. In this article, we try to show the disadvantages and advantages of cultures written in the Armed Forces by criticizing the bilingual cultures written in the Armed Forces based on general and specific criteria of lexicography so that future researchers can use it and culture. Write scientific articles in accordance with the principles and criteria of modern lexicography. Criticism and evaluation of these cultures show that the authors of military cultures in some cases such as: scope, inclusion, level, paper quality, type of letters and printing, use of official language, lack of spelling errors, etc. acted well and according to lexicographic criteria. They have advanced, but sometimes they have ignored criteria such as: introduction and preface, images, editing principles, page layout, list of entries, etc., which are necessary for lexicography and need to be corrected in later editions of their works.

One of the most important issues for the stadium audience is the security, which has made it more urgent to pay attention to what has happened in the past and the high risks, injuries and even death. The purpose of the present study was to identify the effective security factors in stadiums with an aggressive approach to preventing spectators from competing in football leagues.

The research method is qualitative and exploratory. The sampling method is non-random and purposeful sampling. The face and content validity of the interview questions were evaluated and approved by 6 sport management professors and then by 14 experts in the field including sport management elites, specialists and managers. Football and law enforcement staff and security officials were interviewed and continued to theoretical saturation, with data analysis through open coding (component or badge), pivotal (subordinate) and selective (key factors) in this study Was performed.

Based on the findings of the present study, a total of 32 indices were identified which consist of three main factors (service, control and special circumstances) and eight sub-factors of the main factor.

According to elite and soccer experts, security factors (stadium facilities, tickets, physical inspections, security measures, high-risk events and conditions) have an impact on preventing aggression in football spectators.