جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « vitamin c » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

Among the factors that reduce the production of agricultural products, weeds are of particular importance, which lead to huge losses in agriculture. In order to investigate the competition of lambsquarters weed with parsley medicinal plant, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely random basic design with three repetitions in the greenhouse of Damavand Technical and Vocational School in 1402. Experimental treatments include different levels of weed germination time (7 days before parsley sprouting, simultaneously, 7, 14 and 21 days after parsley sprouting) and plant density (zero, 1 and 2 parsley plants in the pot). The results of the experiment showed that plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoot, yield per unit area (pot), petiole diameter, absorption of nutrients and vitamin C were affected by the time of germination and weed density. The lowest amount of studied traits was observed in the treatment of 7 days, early greening of lambsquarters. The highest percentage of essential oil (0.94%) in the 21-day greening treatment of lambsquarters and the lowest percentage of essential oil were related to the greening time of -7 and 0 days, which were statistically classified in the same category. Also, the highest percentage of essential oil (0.98%) was related to the treatment of zero density of lambsquarters (control), and the lowest (0.64%) was related to the density of lambsquarters 2 plants in a pot. Therefore, it is recommended to plant parsley early so as not to reduce its quantitative and qualitative yield, although weed density should not be neglected.

Nowadays, due to climate change and a decrease in rainfall, the production of agricultural products in many regions, especially arid and semi-arid regions, has faced problems. For this purpose, to study the effect of potassium silicate (Si) and L-cysteine (Cys) foliar spray on water use efficiency, fruit yield and quality of Physalis (Physalis peruviana L.) under water deficit conditions, a split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in the Research field of the University of Zanjan during 2022. Experimental treatments consisted of three different irrigation levels (50, 75 and 100% ETc) as the main plot and a foliar spray of potassium silicate (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg L-1) and L-cysteine amino (0, 20 and 40 mg L-1) as a subplot. The results showed that water deficit stress increased total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and protein contents, and decreased vitamin C content, fruit number and yield. Application of Si, especially at 1000 and 1500 mg l-1 and Cys improved carotenoids, TSS, TA, vitamin C and fruit protein contents, and fruit yield under irrigation 100 ETc% and water deficit stress conditions. The highest fruit yield was obtained with the application of 20 and 40 mg L-1 Cys under irrigation of 100 and 75 ETc%. Also, the highest value of WUE was observed in plants treated with 20 and 40 mg L-1 Cys under deficit irrigation of 75 ETc% and 1000 mg L-1 Si under deficit irrigation of 50 ETc%, respectively. Therefore, the application of 1000 mg L-1 of potassium silicate and 40 mg L-1 of cysteine is suggested to increase the quality and yield of the physalis under the irrigation 100 Etc% and water deficit stress conditions.

Antioxidant enzymes serve as the primary defense against the onslaught of various reactive oxygen radicals. Antioxidants mitigate or prevent oxidative stress by interacting with free radicals and active species. The present study aimed to determine the effect of a course of aerobic exercise comined with vitamin C supplementation on leptin receptor, visceral fat weight, body mass index (BMI), and antioxidant enzymes in the brain tissue of rats with Alzheimer's.

In this experimental study, 45 elderly female rats were randomly assigned to six groups, including controls with Alzheimer's disease, vitamin C supplementation, aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise + vitamin C, and healthy controls. Leptin, visceral fat weight, and BMI after the intervention, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) indices, were measured after heart tissue extraction.

In the intervention groups, leptin receptor values were significantly higher (P=0.001), while visceral fat weight and BMI were lower than in the healthy control group (P=0.001). After eight weeks of aerobic exercise and vitamin C supplementation, MDA levels decreased significantly in the exercise+supplement group (P<0.05) and values of CAT and SOD were significantly increased compared to other groups (P<0.05).

It seems that aerobic exercise combined with vitamin C supplements increases leptin receptor expression and decreases visceral fat weight and BMI in rats with Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, it decreases MDA levels and increases CAT and SOD levels.

The present experiment was performed on the effect of Eryngium caucasicum and vitamin C on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters and immune system in broilers. The experiment was performed with 4 treatments, 5 replications and 15 one-day-old Ross 308 chickens in each replication in a completely randomized design. Treatments include 1) control (diet without additives), 2) control + 2% Zolang plant, 3) control + 0.2% vitamin C, 4) control + 2% Zolang plant + 0.2% of vitamin C. The results showed that feed intake, weight gain and broiler conversion ratio in the final periods as well as the whole period in treatments that used a mixture of Zolang plant and vitamin C, had a significant increase with the control (p <0.05). The percentage of carcasses in the treatments that used a mixture of Zolang and vitamin C was significantly increased with the control (p <0.05). All experimental diets significantly reduced the total blood protein of broilers compared to the control (p <0.05). The mixed diet of Zolang plant and vitamin C caused a significant increase in HDL compared to the control (p <0.05). The results showed that the effect of experimental treatments was significant only on alkaline phosphatase (p <0.05). Also, bursa fabricius weight in treatments that used a mixture of Zolang plant and vitamin C had a significant increase with the control (p <0.05). In general, the results showed that the use of a mixture of Zolang and vitamin C in the diet of broiler chickens can improve performance and strengthen the immune system.

In order to investigate the effect of consuming diets supplemented with different levels of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone on cellular immune system challenges, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbial population and MUC2 gene expression in laying Japanese quails, 210 female Japanese quails aged 85-35 days with 7 experimental treatments including the control group and those consuming vitamin E, thymoquinone and sesamin at levels of 100 and 200 ml.gram/kg of standard feed was used with 5 repetitions and 6 pieces of laying quail in each repetition. At the end of the period (85 days), after killing two quails from each repetition, the relative weight of thymus, spleen and bursa of fabricius and the liver enzymes activity indices such as albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) were investigated. Dinitrochlorobenzene sensitization challenge test and response to the injection of mitogen phytohemagglutinin into the left wing web were studied. Sampling was done to evaluate the morphology of the intestinal tissue and the microbial flora population of the small intestine. To investigate the expression of MUC2 gene, samples from jejunum were collected and RT-PCR method was performed. The results showed that the consumption of supplemented diets caused a significant increase in the bursa.f relative weight (p ≤ 0.05) and a non-significant improvement of the liver enzyemes activity (p ≥ 0.05). The significant increase of beneficial microbial flora (Lactobacillus) and decrease of the colony population of (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica) bacteria in the intestine along with the increase in the surface of the villi and the density of the number of goblet cells indicated the beneficial effects of the active compounds used in improving the health status of quails (p ≤ 0.05). Consuming supplemented diets with levels of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone caused an increase in MUC2 mRNA expression in the intestine. The results showed the benefits of vitamin E, sesamin and thymoquinone consumption on cell mediated mediated immunity, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbial flora and MUC2 mRNA expression in laying Japanese quails.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the exogenous application of melatonin treatment on the activity of enzymes and compounds effective in the shelf life of tomato fruit during storage. Melatonin has been implicated in various aspects of cell growth and development and has recently been shown to play a role in protecting cells from biotic and abiotic stress. In this study, tomato fruit was immersed with 100 μM L-1 melatonin as a treatment and distilled water as a control group for 15 minutes, then kept at 4±° C for 4 weeks. The results showed that melatonin treatment by reducing the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes was able to reduce the content of free radicals’ superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and thus the content of flavonoids, total phenol, vitamin C, and glucosinolate. These results showed that melatonin treatment can be effective by increasing the content of cell protective compounds and also by affecting the activity of antioxidant enzymes to increase the post-harvest life of tomato fruit.

Microgreens are immature vegetables harvested after the development of the first true leaves, and they may contain higher nutritional value than mature vegetables. In this research, the nutritional value and antioxidant compounds of 13 varieties of basil microgreens have been investigated. The results showed a significant difference between microgreens in terms of all studied traits. As compared to the others, Violetto and Genovese microgreens gained the highest chlorophyll a, but Holy Basil was found to have the highest total carotenoids. Likewise, the highest and lowest contents of total phenol were found in Napoletano and Green basil, respectively. Also, the rate of anthocyanin in the microgreens varied from 0.078 to 0.148 mg/g of fresh weight. Furthermore, the highest antioxidant capacity was obtained in Napoletano and the lowest in Genovese. Among the 13 studied microgreens, Midnight basil and Purple basil cultivars demonstrated the highest concentration of ascorbic acid. In order to determine the most important biological traits effective in differentiating genotypes, factor analysis was employed. The first three factors accounted for 80.95% of the total variance. In addition, cluster analysis grouped 13 genotypes into five main groups. In conclusion, the results indicate that the microgreens provided by basil cultivars are good sources of antioxidant compounds and various nutrients.

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used as the material of choice in joint replacement prosthesis for the last three decades due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. However, UHMWPE’s wear and oxidation in the long term leads to osteolysis and limits the lifespan of this polymer. One of the effective methods to prevent oxidation is presents of α-tocopherol in UHMWPE matrix. But the presence of this additive alone does not improve the mechanical performance of UHMWPE. On the other hand, the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been shown to improve mechanical properties due to their exceptional properties such as elastic modulus and high surface-to-volume ratio. However, finding the optimal concentration of MWCNTs and vitamin E to improve the mechanical properties of this polymer is very vital and important.

In this research, to investigate and compare the effects of carbon nanotubes on the properties of UHMWPE/vitamin E composite, two composites were produced, one containing 0.2% by weight of vitamin E and the other containing 0.25% by weight of vitamin E along with 0.5% by weight of MWCNT.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reported an increase in the characteristic peaks of PE-E/CNT composite compared to PE-E composite. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) reported about 7% increase in crystallinity in PE-E/CNT composite. Dynamic thermos mechanical analysis (DMTA) also showed improved elastic properties in the PE-E/CNT composite compared to the composite containing vitamin E. Finally,

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-phenylalanine foliar application on morpho-physiological and phytochemical properties of red pepper under different irrigation treatments (type and amount) in the filed experimental at Goldaru Herbal Pharmaceutical Company, Isfahan as a split-split plot experimental in the randomized complete block design (RCBD) in 2018. Experimental factors included: moisture conditions (optimum and reduced irrigation), irrigation methods (drip and flood irrigation) and different levels of the foliar application (negative control; positive control or water as solvent; L-phenylalanine at 2000 and 4000 ppm). The results indicated that the highest the plant height was related to the application of 2000 ppm phenylalanine optimum irrigation (69.3 cm), the highest values of the fresh and dry fruit weights were related to 2000 ppm L-phenylalanine × reduced irrigation × drip irrigation (6.60 g/m2) and L-phenylalanine (at 2000 ppm) × optimum and reduced irrigation × drip irrigation (2.18 g/m2), respectively. Results of the biochemical traits showed that the highest degree of intensity was under L-phenylalanine (at 2000 ppm) × reduced irrigation × flood irrigation (449 g/m2). In addition, the maximum values of vitamin C and total phenol were related to the water foliar application × optimum and reduced irrigation conditions (0.82 and 0.72 mg/g dry weight) and the water foliar application × reduced irrigation × drip irrigation (2.15 mg GAE/ g dry weight), respectively. In general, the results of this study showed the negative effect of drought stress or reduced irrigation on the growth traits of red pepper, however, reduced irrigation enhanced the degree of intensity, vitamin C and total phenol. In conclusion, the foliar application of L-phenylalanine (at 2000 ppm) could improve the quality and reduced the negative effects reduced irrigation on the growth and yield of red pepper under arid and semiarid climate.

Statement of the problem: 

The liver is the main organ responsible for metabolic control and metabolic detoxification, which significantly contributes to the clearance of beta-amyloid plaques. 

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with a supplement of vitamin C on liver enzymes and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values in rats with Alzheimer's disease.

This was an experimental and fundamental research with a post-test and a control group conducted on 35 aged male Sprague-Dawley rats. The samples were randomly assigned to five groups (7 cases in each group), including 1) Alzheimer, 2) the healthy, 3) the exercise group, 4) the vitamin C, and 5) the exercise+vitamin C group. Aerobic exercise was continued for eight weeks, Total protein in liver tissue was measured to assess TAC, Malondialdehyde (MDA, alanine aminotransferase (AST), alkane phosphatase (AST), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels.

The values of AST, ALT and ALP, MDA, and TAC in the control group with Alzheimer's disease were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (P<0.05). After the intervention, AST, ALT, and ALP in the exercise and vitamin C supplement groups were significantly lower than in the non-exercise groups (P=0.001).

Aerobic exercise and vitamin C supplementation are effective in improving liver factors in rats with Alzheimer's disease; however, they have no therapeutic effect on MDA and TAC levels in rats with Alzheimer's.

autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental syndromes that are clinically characterized by deficits in social interactionand repetitive behaviors . The pathogenesis of ASD is complex and not fully disclosed. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that has strong antioxidant activity. Previous studies have reported decreased plasma levels of vitamin E in autism spectrum patients and beneift effect of prenatal treatment . The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of two week postnatal treatment of vitamin E on autism-like behavior in rats exposed to VPA.

pregnant rats were divided into two groups from the 14th day of pregnancy, one group received only normal food and water, and the other group was injected with valproic sodium on the 14th day of pregnancy. The offspring were tested for repetitive behaviors and cognitive ability with a T-maze task and social interaction with a play behavior task on 44st of Postnatal days

Administration of vitamin E in mice treated with VPA increased cognitive flexibility compared to VPA treatment alone. Vitamin E treatment of mice treated with VPA led to the improved social behavior of pinning with strange mice . Administration of vitamin E in VPA-treated mice did not improve any of the social behaviors including sniffing, running, and grooming compared to valproic acid treatment alone

The findings of the present study showed that vitamin E treatment improves cognitive flexibility and to some extent social behaviors in autistic rats.

In addition to providing significant amounts of nutrients in our diet, plants reduce the risk of many diseases. The beneficial effects of their consumption are due to the presence of various antioxidant compounds such as vitamin C, polyphenols and flavonoids.

The antioxidant properties of fruits are directly related to the presence of these compounds in plants. For this purpose, a study was conducted to evaluate the biochemical and antioxidant quality of blood orange, kumquat and grapefruit. In this study, after random sampling of blood oranges of Moro, Kumquat and Grapefruit, various traits including protein content, vitamin C, anthocyanin, antioxidant capacity, catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity, polyphenols and flavonoid content were measured. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance.

The results showed that the highest amount of protein, polyphenols and anthocyanin was found in blood orange fruit, the highest amount of vitamin C and peroxidase was related to kumquat and the highest amount of flavonoids, catalase activity and antioxidant capacity was obtained from grapefruit.

Although blood orange is a valuable fruit, but, the highest amount of vitamin C and peroxidase was related to kumquat and the highest antioxidant capacity was obtained from grapefruit.

Alzheimer's Disease is the most common form of dementia, characterized by memory and cognitive deficits. Vitamin E, as an antioxidant, plays an important role in reviving free radicals and converting them into safe substances by giving hydrogen. Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora) has antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study is the comparative effect of timolol with methanol extract of Zataria multiflora with vitamin E on Alzheimer's disease in male Wistar rats. 40 male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200 grams were randomly divided into 5 groups of eight. Beta-amyloid 42 was used to induce Alzheimer's disease. Then, methanolic and timolol extracts were extracted from Zataria multiflora. The level of Apo E gene expression was evaluated by Real Time PCR and TC, LDL and HD biochemical factors. The expression of Apo E gene in the experimental groups increased significantly compared to the Alzheimer's group. The expression of this gene was decreased in the sham group compared to the control group. The group of Alzheimer's mice had a significant increase in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) serum levels, and the level of HDL showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Timolol, m ethanolic extract of Zataria multiflora and vitamin E have positive effects on the expression of APOA E gene in leukocytes. On the other hand, with a significant effect on HDL, the methanolic extract of Zataria multiflora can be used as an effective product to prevent and reduce the complications of Alzheimer's disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health concern worldwide. Unfortunately, scientists have not succeeded in finding a suitable treatment method for this disease, and more research is needed. Studies have shown that treatment with antioxidants is effective in this disease. In this study, the effect of two different antioxidants on NAFLD induced in male Wistar rats was evaluated. This study was conducted on 32 male Wistar rats weighing 200 grams, which were randomly divided into four groups of eight. Mice were fed by gavage with high-fat emulsion at the rate of 2 mg/kg for 40 days. After suffering from fatty liver, the level of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in the serum was measured and also the expression level of STAT1 gene was determined using real-time PCR. The results showed that the level of serum IL-5 in the patient group significantly increased compared to the control group, and the treatment groups with vitamin E and propolis, significantly decreased the level of interleukin-5 compared to the patient group (p < 0.05). In addition, the greatest decrease was related to the propolis group (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the level of STAT1 gene expression in the fatty liver group is significantly increased compared to the control group (p < 0.05); Whereas, after treatment with antioxidants, the expression of this gene decreased (p < 0.05). Based on the obtained results, the use of propolis and also vitamin E as natural antioxidants by reducing the inflammatory interleukin and also reducing the expression of genes effective in the formation of NAFLD, have a promising therapeutic role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Human serum albumin is one of the most important blood proteins that has the ability to bind a wide range of compounds and different drugs. Hence, knowing how drugs bind to albumin is crucial to understand their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties. The binding of drugs to protein affects the drug's excretion, distribution and interaction in the target tissues. Nicotinamide (NA) is a safe and inexpensive medical supplement that used to prevent and treat vitamin B3 deficiency. In this research, the molecular mechanism of the interaction between nicotinamide and human serum albumin was studied by the utilization of spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. The effects of temperature, acidic/basic pHs, metal ions, urea, and glucose on the interaction between nicotinamide and human serum albumin were also investigated. The spectroscopic studies indicated that the interaction between nicotinamide and human serum albumin is mainly controled by hydrophobic forces and the interaction is spontaneous. The number of binding site and binding constant is 1 and 4.6×104 (L/mol), respectively, which were increased in the presence of glucose. The presence of metallic ions and basic pH decreased the binding constant of nicotinamide to albumin. The obtained results indicated that nicotinamide tend to binds to the similar sites wherever the molecules with acidic moieties bind. The results could be helpful to interpret the mechanisms of actions of nicotinamide in the various physiological phenomena in the human body.