جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « جذب سطحی » در نشریات گروه « محیط زیست »

In recent years, research on the widespread use of biodegradable polymers, such as sodium alginate (SA), in removing pollutants from water sources has shown significant growth. The present study aims to evaluate the efficiency of SA hydrogels cross-linked with ferric chloride (for mechanical strength) in optimizing the removal of nickel (Ni) from aqueous solutions. Various factors, including Ni initial concentration, solution pH, amount of adsorbent, and contact time, were considered using response surface methodology (Box-Benken model). Based on the results of FTIR and SEM analyses, activated SA hydrogels were found to have hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups, and their surface morphology was non-flat and prominent. The Ni removal values in the presence of SA hydrogels varied, with the minimum and maximum removal percentages being 53.39% and 85.43%, respectively. Increasing the initial Ni concentration resulted in a decreasing trend in Ni removal, while increasing contact time, solution pH, and amount of adsorbent led to an increasing trend in Ni removal. The evaluation of the data obtained from Ni removal using the Box-Benken model showed an accurate prediction (R2 higher than 0.98%) in optimizing Ni removal from aqueous solutions in the presence of SA. The possible mechanisms of Ni removal by SA hydrogel were identified as the formation of Van der waals bonds (physical adsorption), interaction with carboxylate anions, chelate formation between Ni ions and hydroxyl functional groups, and electrostatic interactions (due to the negative surface charge of SA). Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that SA has a suitable ability to remove Ni from aqueous solutions. However, future studies should investigate, compare, and integrate other activation methods, such as physical activation (combination with inorganic substances) and chemical activation (surface grafting) on the SA polymer, to improve the removal efficiency of heavy elements using this polymer.

 Landfill leachate is a highly toxic and hazardous form of wastewater due to its complex composition characteristics. Effective removal of heavy metals from landfill leachate is of great concern due to the fact that toxic metals can seriously threaten the food chain, and therefore the human health. The main objective of this work was to study the utilizing of low-cost pruning residues in the production of biochar and its application in removal of lead (Pb) from landfill leachate.

 Leachate produced in Babol municipal solid waste landfill was used as an adsorbent solution. Pruning residues were collected and used for biochar preparation. Biochar produced under the pyrolytic temperature of 700°C with a 1-hour retention time. The adsorption mechanism of pruning waste biochar to Pb was analyzed through BET surface area and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests. Batch experiments were performed to study the effects of adsorption parameters on Pb removal. The influence of contact time (30-300 min), adsorbent dosage (1-50 g/L), as well as particle size (1-2 mm and 63-75 µm) was investigated. Moreover, the kinetic and isotherm models were applied to the experimental data to predict the adsorption parameters.

 The results obtained from the analysis of the untreated Babol landfill leachate was revealed that the Pb concentration was about 4.94 mg L-1. The surface area of the produced biochar was determined to be 292.44 m2 g-1. SEM microstructure of the biochar showed the developed surface area with visible pores. All of these data seem to suggest a great potential for pruning residues biochar to Pb removal. The adsorption of Pb was mainly affected by contact time, adsorbent dose, and biochar particle size. Higher contact time and adsorbent dosage showed higher uptake of Pb. Whereas, the uptake of Pb ions onto pruning residues biochar was substantially reduced with increase the biochar particle size. Maximum Pb percentage removal was observed at a contact time of 90 min and with an optimum biochar dosage of 20 g L-1 (89.06% removal) for biochar with 1-2 mm particle size. While, biochar with particle size of 64-75 µm can removed Pb to almost 100% at a contact time of 120 min and with an optimum biochar dosage of 20 g L-1. The kinetic study showed that adsorption can be well described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. This supports the chemisorption theory behind the pseudo-second order kinetic model for the adsorption system. The results of isotherm models implied that the behaviors of the isotherms are more appropriate for the Langmuir model, showing a monolayer adsorption capacity for Pb.

 Findings of this research demonstrated the applicabil ity of pruning residues biochar as an economic adsorbent for the removal of the Pb from landfill leachate. On the other hand, the crop residue burning poses a threat to the environment and human health due to the emission of toxic gasses and particulate matter. So, conversion of pruning residues to biochar and its application to heavy metal removal is a useful and environment-friendly alternative to crop residue and biomass burning.

Various pollutants such as dyes following the arrival to ecosystems lead to serious global environmental pollution. Due to global strict regulations, it is obligatory to treat the wastewaters before being discharged into the environment. One of the common, reliable and useful techniques employed for removal of synthetic dyes from industrial effluents is an adsorption process. In this study, the adsorption of crystal violet (CV) was carried out from aqueous solution PCN-224/Sepiolite composite obtained from meso-tetrakis (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) with different experimental conditions was investigated. The composition and structure of compounds were characterized by FESEM and XRD methods. The effect of various variables including dye concentration, adsorbent amount and contact time was investigated by batch method. Equilibrium data were evaluated using Langmuir, Friendlich and Tamkin isotherms. The Langmuir model best describes the CV dye adsorption, which shows that the CV dye adsorption on PCN-224/Sepiolite composite is monolayer and homogeneous. The maximum adsorption capacity under optimal conditions (adsorbent: 0.02 g, contact time: 120 min, temperature: 25°C) was 38.17 mg g-1. Kinetic data were analyzed using first-order and second-order equations. The quasi-second-order model showed the best fit for the synthetic studies (R2=0.9985), which indicates that CV adsorption is limited by the chemical adsorption process. Overall, the results show that PCN-224/Sepiolite composite can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the treatment of colored effluents.

The issue of water supply is the most important side service of every industrial unit, which turns into industrial wastewater during various uses, it is important to obtain industrial wastewater recovery methods. In the present study, manganese removal experiments by graphene adsorbent were carried out continuously in different conditions. Then the effect of effective parameters on manganese absorption such as pH (from acidic environment 2 to basic environment 12), contact time (from 5 to 30 minutes), initial concentration 20ppm and amount of adsorbent used (0.02 gr, 0.04 gr, 0.06 gr, 0.08 gr and 0.1 gr) ) was investigated. An atomic absorption device was used to measure the amount of manganese in the solution. The results showed that the optimum playing medium for the adsorbent was equal to 10. In the study of the effect of adsorbent heat on the absorption percentage, it was observed that the nanographene used has an extremely high absorption power in removing pollutants. The results showed that the process of removing manganese from the aqueous solution follows the pseudo-quadratic equation with very high accuracy. The maximum removal of manganese from the aqueous solution was 2ppm by 0.08gr of nanographene in 10 alkaline environment and 30 minutes contact time, and the absorption percentage was 99.05%.Graphene has a very good performance in removing manganese metal from wastewater. In fact, the larger the size of the absorbent surface and pores, the higher the absorption rate.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of the most dangerous pollutants in the environment. NO2 certainly causes lung damage at high concentrations. Exposure to its moderate levels (50 ppm) for a short period may produce irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, and chest pain and contact to its high concentrations (> 100 ppm) can result in pulmonary edema, which can be fatal. Therefore, it is very important for environment the removing of the pollutant from air. The aim of this study has been the removal of NO2 gas by some natural adsorbents by using the adsorption method.

 In this work, it has been investigated the removal of NO2 gas by adsorption on different natural adsorbents including eggshell, eucalyptus bark, fennel seed, pine leaf, tea waste, and wheat straw. It was also studied the effect of some experimental conditions including adsorbent column length and initial NO2 amount on the adsorption percentage.

The most desirable adsorption percentage obtained with adsorbent column length 50 cm and initial NO2 amount 6.3 mmol. In addition, Fennel seed and eggshell can adsorb 96.8 and 92.1% of NO2 gas in the optimum conditions, respectively.

Among the used adsorbents, the most appropriate adsorbents are fennel seed and eggshell for the adsorption process. In addition, it was correlated the equilibrium data with the adsorption isotherms such as the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Harkin-Jura and the results showed that Harkin-Jura isotherm describes the experimental results better than the other isotherms.

Pharmaceutical contaminants are one of the most important environmental problems that must be cleared of aqueous environments before they enter the environment. Adsorption method is operationally easy and cost-effective if the adsorbent is not expensive. The purpose of this study is optimization the process of removal of tetracycline from aqueous solutions by nanoclay adsorbent and investigation the kinetics and adsorption isotherms. In this study, after preparing the nanoclay, optimization of parameters was done with Design Expert software. The parameters effect of pH, initial concentration and amount of adsorbent were investigated and SEM, XRD and FTIR analyzes were done to identify nanoclay properties. The optimal values ​​of parameters were pH equal to 9.5, adsorbent amount equal to 1.2 g and initial concentration equal to 21.15 mg /l at 25 °C, time of 30 min and stirring speed of 1000 rpm. The study of kinetic models and equilibrium isotherms showed that the adsorption follows the Pseudo-second Order (R2=0.999(   and   the Langmuir model, respectively. Under optimal condition, nanoclay as a low cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent has a good ability to adsorb tetracycline from aqueous solutions.

In this study, the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution on copper-alginate (Cu(II)-A) granules containing activated carbon derived from polyethylene terephthalate (PEtAC) with different experimental conditions was investigated. The composition and structure of the granules were characterized by SEM and BET methods. The effect of various variables including dye concentration, pH, adsorbent amount, and contact time was investigated by batch method. Equilibrium data were evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The adsorption isotherm fits well with the Langmuir model (0.9973), which shows that the MB dye adsorption on the granules is homogeneous. The maximum adsorption capacity under optimal conditions for the removal of MB was 86.96 mg/g. Kinetic data were analyzed using the first-order and second-order Lagergren equations. The quasi-second-order model showed the best fit for the synthetic studies (R2 = 0.9997). In addition, no obvious decrease was observed after up to five adsorption cycles, indicating that the PETAC/Cu (II) -A adsorbent has good stability and reusability. Overall, the results show that the prepared granules can be used an am efficient adsorbent for the treatment of colored effluents.

In this study the adsorption of the anionic dye, aniline blue, onto a novel biosorbent with the local name of Tonbak Toureh and the scientific name of Grantia aucheri was considered. FT-IR and SEM were used for characterization of the biosorbent. The effect of dominant parameters including pH, amount of biosorbent, time, temperature, and initial dye concentration were investigated and the optimum conditions of pH of 4-5, time of 10 min, temperature of 25 ͦ C, dye concentration of 40 mg L-1, and biosorbent amount of 12 mg were achieved. The adsorption isotherms corroborate the experimental data were appropriately fitted to the Langmuir model with high adsorption capacity of 65.79 mg g -1. Artificial neutral network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) was applied for prediction and optimization of the process in which the closeness of the predicted values with experimental data confirms the efficiency and potential of ANN-GA for prediction and optimization of the adsorption process. The thermodynamic parameters were assessed. The positive ΔH° and ΔS° values described endothermic nature of adsorption. The adsorption of aniline blue followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model.

The use of activated carbon in company with metal nano catalysts for pesticides removal from the environment has been considered by researchers, recently. This study aimed to remove diazinon residues from water using Nano-MnO2/PAC composite mading from Pinus eldarica activated carbon containing manganese dioxide nanoparticles.

Initially, the powdered residues of pine cone were treated using phosphoric acid and then converted to activated carbon by chemically heat method under ordinary atmosphere. Then manganese dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized in its substrate. The chemical structure and carbon appearance of the resulting pine fruit and nanocomposite were described by SEM, TEM, XRD, and IR characterization methods. Adsorption tests are performed to evaluate the removal efficiency of diazinon from aqueous solution by applying operational variables including pH (2-10), temperature (16-42 0C), contact time (2-120 min), and at initial concentrations (0.05-100 mg/L) of diazinon was studied.

Microscopic images and spectroscopy showed that manganese dioxide nanoparticles with an approximate size of 37.5 nm were present in the nanocomposite. The results showed that small amounts of nanocomposite (3 mg/L) were able to remove 94.6% of the diazinon with an initial concentration of 40 mg/L. The best description of the adsorption process at optimal pH 4, with fit in the Langmuir isotherm model with a correlation coefficient of 0.985.

According to results, the presence of manganese dioxide nanoparticles improved the removal efficiency of diazinon by 13.7% compared to activated carbon of pine fruit.

Heavy metals are not chemically degraded, in order to prevent the entry and accumulation of this toxic pollutant along with factory effluents into the environment, so far, different methods have been used, but finding new methods with more efficiency in this area is necessary. In this research, a new class of compounds called organic metallic materials has been used to remove industrial effluent lead. These organic metallic materials contain iron and benzene tricarboxylate. To identify the characteristics of these materials, electron microscope images and Nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms has been used. To determine the optimal conditions for using these materials for lead removal from the effluent, the effect of parameters: time (10-120 min), the amount of adsorbent (0.2-0.5 mg/L), pH (3.5 -12.5) and temperature (10-75 ° C) were evaluated. The results show that the composition of MIL-100 (Fe) has a better performance than the other materials in this study and complete removal of lead was achieved with an initial concentration of 10 mg/l and an adsorbent dose of 0.25 mg / l, at a temperature of 50 ° C, pH =4.3 and contact time of 120 min. Other properties of this material in removal of industrial effluent lead such as magnetic properties, reusability in five consecutive periods, large surface area, low cost, high efficiency and easy to use, make it an ideal option for large-scale use.

Heavy metal ions have deadly and deadly effects on all life forms and enter the food chain through the disposal of waste in water channels. One of the most important heavy metals is iron. There are several methods used to remove heavy metal ions. The adsorption method is widely used due to its easy operation, low energy consumption, easy maintenance, high adsorption capacity and high efficiency. Activated carbon as an adsorbent with high adsorption capacity and low cost, has many applications in heavy metal removal processes. The purpose of this paper is to remove iron (III) ions from brine entering the chlorinated alcohol system using activated carbon adsorbent to reduce environmental damage. In order to achieve this goal, after preparation of activated carbon adsorbent, and its contact with salt water of chlor-alkali unit containing iron (III) ion, the effect of adsorbent amount factors (0.5 to 2 g/l), contact time (15 to 120 minutes) and pH (3 to 9) were assessed. Based on the results of this study, pH=7 was determined as the optimal pH and 90 minutes as the equilibrium time. with increasing the amount of adsorbent, the removal percentage increased and the maximum removal percentage of iron ions in the amount of 2 g/l of activated carbon adsorbent was obtained. Also, the effect of contact time, pH and the amount of activated carbon adsorbent on the process of iron ion removal was significant (p<0.05).

The adsorption process is one of the important methods of separation in which liquid phase or gas particles are separated by a solid phase called absorbent. The main advantages of adsorbents include high efficiency, low cost and minimization of chemical or biological sludge.

In this study compost as natural and low cost adsorbent is used to remove the heavy metal copper from waste water. At first the influence of parameters such as initial concentration of copper, amount of adsorbent, contact time at constant flow rate on the adsorption process was checked in batch system. Removal efficiency of Cu2+ ions with initial concentration of 100 ppm in constant amount of adsorbent was more than 90%.

The results indicated that compost has a very good performance for the removal of copper. To analyse the isotherm of Cu2+ adsorption onto compost different models were applied. The Cu2+ ions adsorption onto compost was better defined by the Freundlich model. Evaluation of the performance of adsorption process in continuous system showed that that maximum efficiency is related to the time that 25% of the remaining columns were filled by granular compost and the rest was filled by powder compost. Also with increasing concentrations of copper, the metal removal rate increased. It was also observed that the time of the process leading to increased removed so that at this system the removal after 15 minutes for all concentrations reached up to 100%.

The results showed that by using compost as adsorbent agent, more than 90% of copper metal can be removed at aqueous solutions. Also, by calculating the separation coefficient based on Langmuir isotherm, it is observed that the separation coefficient for compost used is in the range of 0 to 1, and this indicates the desirability of the adsorbent.

In this work, a new type of solid adsorbent was prepared by functionalization of carbon nanotubes and the structure and morphologies of the amine-functionalized Multi-walled carbon nanotubes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Its adsorption behavior towards Pd(II) and Mo(VI) ions was investigated. For this purpose, a solid phase extraction process using the prepared adsorbent was carried out in the pH range of 1 to 9. The effect of various parameters such as initial concentration, time and interfering ions on the adsorption amount was investigated, and the optimal conditions for the maximum extraction of the two ions were obtained. The adsorption of these ions by the synthesized MWNTs in real samples was examined and good results were achieved. The negative value of the change in standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°<0) for Mo(VI) sorption by the adsorbent specify a spontaneous and realizable sorption process. The changes in free energy (ΔG °), enthalpy (ΔH °) and entropy (ΔS °) for Pd(II) ions associated with Mo(VI) ions are reversed. finally, The compatibility of the experimental data with the adsorption isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson were investigated for the adsorption of Mo(VI) and Pd (II) the modified carbon nanotubes.

One of the most common methods for removing pollutants from aqueous solutions is adsorption. Currently, research on cheap adsorbents with high potential for removing pollutants is economically important. In this study, the efficiency of nano-chitosan was investigated for toluene removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption method in a laboratory scale. The effect of different pH parameters, initial concentrations of toluene, absorbent dose and contact time were investigated. Toluene concentration values ​​were analyzed by UV-Vis Array spectrophotometer Model Photonix Ar 2015 at 206 nm. The results showed that the amount of toluene adsorption increased with increasing pH, increasing the dose of adsorbent and increasing the contact time by inverse ratio and increasing the concentration of direct ratio. According to the results, the optimal amount of toluene adsorption at pH=5, concentration of 70 mg /L, absorbent dose of 0.01 g L, and contact time of 5 minutes were determined. The results of this study showed that nano-chitosan adsorbent has high efficiency in toluene adsorption from aqueous solutions.

In recent years, various methods have been used to remove heavy metals from aquatic environments; one of which is the adsorption process. Graphene oxide nanoparticles have received much attention due to their high adsorption capacity and high surface area. In this study, melamine-modified nanographene oxide adsorbent was used to remove Pb from aqueous solution. Experiments were performed at pH (3-8), temperature (15-50 °C), Pb concentration (5-200) mg/l, adsorbent (0.01-0.06 g), and contact time (15-150 min). Results showed that the maximum Pb adsorption efficiency by modified nanographene oxide occurred at pH = 6, concentration of 20 mg/l, contact time of 60 min, ambient temperature of 22 °C and adsorbent dosage of 0.01 g. In the study of metal equilibrium isotherms, the Freundlich model was more consistent with the experimental data. Given that the Freundlich model is used to describe heterogeneous adsorbent surfaces, it can be concluded that lead adsorption by graphene oxide nanoparticles has been done in several layers. Modified nanographene oxide with its large surface area, hydrophobicity, high negative charge density, ease of fabrication and high adsorption could be used as an effective adsorbent for metal removal. According to the results of this study, a melamine-modified nanographene oxide adsorbent with a high efficiency of 98.8% can be used to remove lead from aqueous solutions.

Nickel is highly toxic and directly associate with health risk such as damage to kidney, liver and central nervous system. This study evaluated the potential of a chicken feather for the removal of nickel from aqueous solutions. Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherm models were used to characterize the bio sorption of the mentioned metal onto the chicken feather. In the batch system, parameters of pH (4-8), adsorbent dosage (0.01- 0.06 g/l), contact time (15-120 min), nickel initial concentration (5-200 mg/l), and temperature (15-40 °C) were studied. Studies have shown that the maximum Nickel uptake efficiency occurred at pH = 6, concentration of 50 mg / g, contact time of 60 minutes, ambient temperature of 25 ° C and adsorbent mass of 0.03 g. The thermodynamic parameters such as Gibb's Free Energy (ΔG), Enthalpy (ΔH) and Entropy (ΔS) indicated that the adsorption of nickel ion were spontaneous and endothermic at 288–313 °K. Comparing the determination coefficients between measured data and obtained value from pseudo- second-order model (R2 = 0.95) and pseudo- first-order model (R2 = 0.65) showed that the pseudo- second-order model describes experimental data better. Also, comparing the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm for nickel adsorption by chicken feather nanoparticles showed that Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.87) was more proper than Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.82) and Temkin isotherm (R2 = 0.67) in describing adsorption process. According to the results of this study, chicken feather nanoparticles adsorbent with a high efficiency of 96.8% can be used to remove Nickel from aqueous solutions.

Phytoremediation can be one of the most promising techniques for elimination of pollutants from water and soil and environmental management. Through absorption and desorption processes, we can determine the level of maintenance for cations and anions. Based on transition factor of elements it is possible to specify that elements like Barium and Lithium have the least and elements like Cadmium and Boron have the highest accumulation. Soil pH also affects the level of availability and mobility of elements by controlling solubility of soil organic matters and it is in direct relationship with oxidation and reduction conditions. Absorption of ions by plant roots can be both passive (in direction of diffusion gradient) and active (against diffusion gradient using energy) processes. Phytoremediation is accomplished in four states including 1) phytostabilization and deposition of pollutants in the root, 2) phytoextraction that can be divided into two categories: continuous that requires the use of plants throughout their lifetime and induced by addition of accelerants or chelators to the soil, 3) phytovolatilization and transfer of contaminants from the root to leaves and the atmosphere and 4) phytofiltration to remove contaminants from water. For instance, to remove Arsenic, Cadmium (Zinc), Chromium, Mercury, Nickel, Lead, and Selenium plants such as P. vittata, T. caerulescens, Betula sp. tree, Amanita muscaria, Alyssum lesbiacum, Arabidopsis sp., and B. juncea could be used respectively.

Today, due to the growing population and increasing agricultural and food production, the use of toxins and organophosphate and organochlorine pesticides, especially Edifenphos, is increasing in the agricultural sector. One of the most effective ways to remove such toxins is to use the adsorption method. Therefore, the present study investigated the removal of Edifenphos fungicide from aqueous solution using polypyrrole composite on natural perlite zeolite. It is notworthy that each experiment was performed in a discontinuous system. For this purpose, after removing possible impurities in perlite through heating at 550 °C and then activating perlite with 0.06 N sulfuric acid, PPy/perlite nanocomposite was prepared. The structure of the adsorbents synthesized was identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Then, the effect of experimental parameters of pH, contact time, adsorbent mass, and temperature on adsorption was studied. The results showed that the optimal conditions for adsorption of Edifenphos by PPy/Perlite were pH 6, contact time 18 min, and adsorbent amount of 0.3 g/100 ml. Examination of the effect of temperature also showed that increasing the temperature has a positive effect on the removal efficiency. Finally, the study of the process thermodynamics showed a spontaneous and endothermic process.

In this study, thorium ions were adsorbed in a batch system by Amberlite XAD-7 ion exchange resin impregnated with phosphate compounds such as TOPO (tri-octylphosphine oxide) and T2EHP (tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate). The effect of important parameters on the adsorption process such as pH, time, temperature and the presence of interfering ions, as well as the effect of appropriate detergent on desorption, was investigated and evaluated. Thermodynamic relationships and several isothermal adsorption models including Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, Langmuir and Temkin were investigated to describe the adsorption equilibrium. The structure of the modified adsorbent was investigated by infrared (IR) spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) methods. Based on the results obtained from the tests of thorium adsorption on XAD-7 resins impregnated with phosphate compounds, it was concluded that the adsorption reaction is a spontaneous (negative Gibbs free energy changes) and an exothermic process (negative enthalpy changes). Among the isothermal adsorption models, the nonlinear Redlich-Peterson model had the best result at 35 °C.

Dye is considered as one of the most important environmental pollutants in industrial wastewater due to its harmful effects on both human and environment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the polyaniline/ wheat bran composite in the removal of acid red 18 dyes from aqueous solutions.

In this study, removal of acid red 18 from aqueous solution using wheat born loaded by polyaniline was investigated. For this purpose, composite synthesized through in-situ polymerization processes. Adsorption experiments were performed in batch system at laboratory scale. The effects of various parameters including the amount of adsorbent, pH, initial concentration, temperature, and contact time on adsorption were studied. Further kinetic and thermodynamic studies were performed on the data.

The highest absorption rate by 0.1 g of adsorbent was equal to 100% at pH =2 of the solution after 2-hour contact with absorbent. The results show that the kinetic pseudo-second-order model fits the data. The experimental data were adjusted with Langmuir model.

According to the results, a simple, economical, and efficient method was presented to remove biodegradation-resistant pollutants using polyaniline/wheat bran composite.