جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « alfalfa » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد کشاورزی »

In order to Response of agronomic traits of forage corn to simultaneous cropping with legumes, nitrogen levels and cultivator application. A factorial randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Urea manure levels [N0= without urea (Control), N1= 150 Kg ha-1 of urea, N2= 300 Kg ha-1 of urea) and simultaneous cropping treatment, (S1= cultivation of corn, S2= cultivation of corn + cultivator application, S3= cultivation of corn + cultivator application + soybean, S4= cultivation of corn + cultivator application + cowpea, S5= cultivation of corn + cultivator application + alfalfa) were assigned in plots. In this study, traits such as stem diameter, height of earing, number of ear, wet weight of ear, number of grain per m-2, harvest index, biological yield, wet weight of stem and leaf and surface of ear leaf were evaluated. The result have shown that the interaction effect of urea levels and simultaneous cropping + cultivator application treatment was significant on stem diameter, height of earing, wet weight of ear, number of grain per m-2, harvest index, biological yield and wet weight of stem and leaf. The highest and lowest of biological yield (18.13 and 9.60 ton ha-1) were obtained with the cultivation of corn + cowpea + 150 Kg ha-1 of urea + cultivator application and cultivation of corn + cowpea + cultivator application + 0 Kg ha-1 of urea manure, respectively

Alfalfa is the most important forage crop in Iran, which is cultivated in almost all provinces of the country. Considering the economic importance of alfalfa and its sensitivity to drought stress and its special physiological characteristics in drought resistance, this study investigates the risk of drought in different regions on the one hand and the relationship between alfalfa production and drought-determining parameters on the other hand. For this purpose, first the probability of drought in different regions of Iran was calculated based on RDI index, which showed that the probability of drought in some eastern regions of the country is higher than other regions. Then, by estimating the climatic response function of alfalfa yield based on the time series data of 1992-2016 and using the spatial panel method, the effects of precipitation and temperature changes as the two main effective drought reversals on alfalfa yield were investigated. Based on the results of this study and taking into account climate forecasts and the status of available water resources in the future, the development of alfalfa cultivation in the northwestern and western regions of the country and limiting the cultivation of this crop in the eastern regions, will have positive economic effects. Also, using the physiological characteristics of alfalfa in dormancy with temporary cessation of irrigation and allocation of water to alfalfa rotation can be used as a strategy in managing water consumption in drought stress conditions.

In order to study alfalfa genotypes from tolerance to salinity via multivative statistical methods, an experiment was conducted on 20 alfalfa genotypes in 5 salinity levels (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 mM) with NaCl as factorial form under Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications in green house located in Andimeshk city. The experiment was performed in pots containing 1:2 sand-agriculture soils and irrigated by water for 45 day after planting. Then salinity treatments was done and after 14 days characteristics were measured. The results of analysis of variance showed that salinity stress, genotypes and their interaction were significant for all of traits (P<0.01). By increasing salinity, all traits were decreased except root/shoot length ratio. Genotype KFA1 had the highest number of leaf per plant, shoot length and plant length, KFA2 had the highest dry/wet weight ratio, KFA10 had the highest root length and root/shoot length ratio and Yazdi Garmsiri also had the highest wet and dry weight. The most significent and positive correlation were obtained between shoot length and plant length. The principal component analysis, studied 8 traits to be divided in 2 components. With attention to results of biplot and cluster analysis KFA1, KFA11, KFA14 and KFA15 with origin Gareh Younjeh; KFA4, KFA6 and KFA16 with origin Hamedani and genotype Bami Garmsiri were considered as the most tolerant group, KFA3 with origin Gareh Yonjeh; KFA5 and KFA17, with origin Hamedani; KFA7 with origin Rahnani; genotypes Nikshahri Garmsiri and Yazdi Garmsiri were considered as the most sensitive group and the other genotypes as semi-tolerant to salinity stress.

This study was laid out in order to investigate the effect of foliar application of humic acid and seaweed on yield and quality of alfalfa (cv. Hamedani) forage in Hamadan region at 2016.This experiment was conducted as a factorial arrengment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments were humic acid in concentrations of (0, 1, 2.5 and 5 L.ha-1) and seaweed extract in four levels (0, 250, 500 and 1000 g.ha-1).The results showed that the effects of seaweed and humic acid were significant on plant hight, number of leaf per plant, number of stem per surface unit, wet and dry foriage yield and percentage of crud protein and soluablesugars.Also the interaction effect of humic acid and seaweed was significant on plant hight, number of leaf per plant and soluable sugar percent only.The data comparison means shows that with increasing of seaweed and humic acid concentration the plant height was increased.The highest number of stem per surface unit was obtained in 1 kg.ha-1 seaweed treatment. Foliar application of 5 kg.ha-1humic acid increased number of stem per surface unit as 17 percent compared to control treatment.Dry and wet foriage yield increased significantly by foliar application of humic acid and seaweed.Maximum wet foriage yield (30 ton.ha-1) was obtained in 1000 g.ha-1 seaweed that increasd as 16% compared to control. Maximum and minimum wet foriage yield (29.79 and 23.99 t.ha-1) was related to application of 2.5 kg.ha-1humic acid and control treatments respectively.The maximum crud protein (12.23%) was obtained in 1000 g.ha-1 seaweed and 5 L.ha-1humic acid treatments. Also foliar application of humic acid and seaweed increased soluable sugars compared to control treatment. In final, the present resulta shows that foliar application of humic acid and seaweed increased quantity yield and quality of alfalfa in Hamedan region.

One of the unique traits of plants is the conversion of the radiation energy into the chemical energy. Rapid canopy development and closure in crop increases interception of solar radiation and can be resulted in increases crop yield. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the relationship between canopy development on forage yield in alfalfa and determination of traits that affect canopy development. The study included 8 alfalfa cultivars (Baghdadi, Bami, Sarbandi, Nikshahri, Mohajerani, Harati, Hamedani and Yazdi). Laboratoral tests (Germination, seed deterioration and seedling growth tests) using completely randomized design and field experiment using randomized complete blocks carried out in 2013 – 2014. The results showed that the correlation of seed vigor (rapid, uniformity and germination percentage) with rapid canopy closure and forage yield were not significant when there were optimum plant density in field. Rapid canopy closure had significant effect on dry forage yield; cultivars with faster canopy development produced more dry forage yield. Leaf area index and crop dry matter at beginning of exponential growth phase and relative leaf area development rate and relative growth rate during the exponential phase, the average of individual leaf area and leaf area ratio were detected as effective traits in rapid canopy closure

In order to identification and isolation of salt tolerance Sinorhizobium meliloti strains, several soil samples and root nodules were collected from some regions of Khorassan Province and also some strains from Soil & Water Research Institute and one standard strain were studied. After nodulation test, strains was inoculated to Yeast Extract Monitol Broth (YEMB) medium at 28ºC degree centigrade and then exposed to different concentration of NaCl (0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750 mM). Growth turbidity (OD420nm) as an indicator for bacterial growth was measured after for 72 hr. A factorial experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that all strains grew well in control treatment and six strains showed growth turbidity (OD) >1.0. Growth turbidity of 44 strains had high significant differences under salt stress. Salt concentrations greater than 600 mM severely affected the bacteria growth. Only eight strains showed OD>0.1, considered as salt tolerance strains. Amoung which, strain M32 showed significant difference (P<0.05). None grew in a salin solution of 750 mM.

Price uncertainty and price transmition are two important problems facing agricultural producer and Iranian consumers. Price at the international and internal markets is depend on commodity characteristics and market structure. The aim of this study was to investigate wheat، alfalfa، corn and soybean price relationship in the internal and internal markets in the period of 1380-1 to 1385-3. Cointegrated VAR models have been considered for wheat، alfalfa، corn and soybean markets in order to study price relationship. The result indicated that price transmition in corn and soybean markets are more related than wheat and alfalfa markets. This may be due to more marketable and importable share for corn and soybean markets.