جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « خیار دریایی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Sea cucumber is one of the important aquatic animals that has many nutritional and medicinal properties and is of medical importance due to the presence of compounds with therapeutic and antibacterial effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of selenium hybrid nanoparticles and sea cucumber extract on Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus cereus bacteria.

MIC evaluation method was determined for the cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber extract on microbial cells. To carry out this research, after collecting and extracting sea cucumbers, the cytotoxicity of this extract on microbial cells was determined using the MIC method. Then, the antibacterial effect of sea cucumber extract, selenium hybrid nanoparticle and the combined effect of sea cucumber extract and selenium hybrid nanoparticle on Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus cereus bacteria were evaluated. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16 software.

The results of the experiments showed that sea cucumber extract with different dilutions had an antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli bacteria, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus cereus. These results also applied to the tests performed with selenium nanomedicine. Interestingly, after combining a certain amount of sea cucumber extract and selenium nanomedicine, a greater antibacterial effect was observed on the above-mentioned 3 bacteria.

The synergistic effect of sea cucumber extract and selenium nanoparticles has a higher level of antibacterial properties.

Sea cucumber has antibacterial, fungal, anti-viral, and anti-cancer compounds that can be used for medicinal purposes. This research investigates the effect of gold nanoparticles and sea cucumber alcoholic extract on liver cancer cells.

Sea cucumber samples were collected from the tidal zone of Owli village, Dayyer county, Bushehr City, southern Iran. Initial identification was done by extracting spicules using the FAO identification key. The anticancer effects of the prepared alcoholic extract (10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µg/mL) and gold nanoparticles (0.5, 2, 4, 8, 10, 16 nM) were studied on the liver cancer cell line (Hep-G2) using the MTT assay, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exposure. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS software, version 21.

The best effect of sea cucumber alcoholic extract and gold nanoparticles on the Hep-G2 was seen 72 hours after exposure. The highest cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber alcoholic extract on the cell line was seen at a dose of 100 μg/mL with 89.2% growth inhibition. The highest cytotoxic effect of gold nanoparticles was seen at a dose of 16 nM with 87.3% growth inhibition. The 100-μg/mL alcoholic extract and 16-nM nanoparticles together showed 95.4% growth inhibition.

Due to the significant cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber alcoholic extract and gold nanoparticles on liver cancer cells, these compounds can be used as suitable candidates for producing anti-cancer drugs.

Many studies have been conducted in the field on the effects of industrial and chemical antibacterial substance abuse on human health and also the resistance of a wide range of bacterial species to antibiotics. Sea cucumber is one of the important aquatic animals which has therapeutic and nutritional properties. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of selenium nanoparticles and sea cucumber extract on Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Bacillus cereus bacteria.

The antibacterial activity of sea cucumber extract and selenium nanoparticles was investigated on three types of bacteria using the standard methods of disc diffusion, welling, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration, and determining the minimum lethal concentration. For comparing the antibacterial effects of these bacteria, the one-way ANOVA test and Scheffé test of multiple comparisons were deployed.

The results of this study showed that the methanolic extract of sea cucumber with a concentration of 10 mg/ml, as well as nano-selenium with a concentration of 1 mg/ml, and the combination of a concentration of 10 mg/ml of sea cucumber extract with 1 mg/ml of selenium nanoparticles has the best antibacterial effect on the three bacteria in question.

The combination of sea cucumber extract and selenium nanoparticles has a higher level of antibacterial properties.

Marine animals are one of the most important sources of natural products with the origin of biological activities due to their secondary metabolites. These natural compounds can have many nutritional and medicinal uses. In recent years, efforts to find bioactive substances from organisms, especially marine animals, have increased. Echinoderms, including sea urchins (Echinoidea) and sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) are an ancient and diverse group of marine invertebrates, which are a rich source of antibacterial and anticancer compounds with high activity mechanisms. Despite tremendous progress in medicine, diseases caused by microorganisms are still a major threat to public health. Nowadays, with the increase of antibiotic resistance and the growing of all types of cancers and the side effects of chemical drugs, the use of alternative and new natural treatments seems necessary. Recent research indicates that compounds isolated from different organs of sea cucumber and sea urchin can have antimicrobial and anticancer effects. In this narrative review, the findings of the antimicrobial and anticancer effects of sea cucumber and sea urchin from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea in the last decade were investigated.

Recently, the drugs with marine resources have been considered due to the lower costs and greater compatibility with patients. In the present study, the extracts of three marine organisms from the Persian Gulf; Holothuris parva, Ophiocoma scolopendrina and Echinometra matheai, were prepared and evaluated their in vitro anti-leishmaniasis effects.

All three marine organisms were collected from the coastal waters of Bushehr province and after separating their shell from the viscera, were extracted by percolation method using different solvents. All prepared extracts were evaluated for anti-leishmanial activity on Leishmania major promastigotes in vitro.

Statistical analysis showed that the extract type and the concentrations used (dose) had a very significant effect. Also, the dual interactions of extract and dose, extract and solvent, as well as the triple interaction of extract, solvent and dose were significant on the inhibitory rate. The highest anti-leishmanial activity was related to methanolic extracts of Holothuria Parvachr('39')s shell (88.65%) and Echinometra matheaichr('39')s viscera (87.48%) at 800μg/ml concentrations, and the lowest activity was obtained in aqueous extract of Ophiocoma scolopendrina (43.01%) at 20μg/ml concentration.

Considering the anti-leishmanial effects of all three marine organisms studied in this research, and the presence of their rich reserves in the Persian Gulf in another way, by performing a series of complementary studies in vivo and identifying the effective compounds of these extracts, efficient steps can be taken to produce effective drugs for the control and treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

The invA gene plays a critical role in the pathogenicity of Salmonella infantis. Marine organisms, including sea cucumbers due to their effective secondary metabolites, have been identified and studied with compounds with antioxidant, anti-cancer, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study is to determine effect of sea cucumber extraction (Holothuria leucospilota)  on S. infantis invA gene expression .

Poultry meat was sampled. The S. infantis strains containing invA gene were isolated. The Hexane extract was extracted from sea cucumber colon tissue. Its effects on S. infantis and its effect on gene expression were investigated by MIC and Real-time PCR, respectively.

Morphological and biochemical characteristics of these bacteria were confirmed. From 450 samples, 12 S.infantis isolates were isolated. The PCR technique was used to identify the invA encoding gene. All 12 isolates have invA virulence genes. MIC was determined 256 µg/ml. The effect of sea cucumber extract on invA gene expression in S.infantis was evaluated, and the rate of change for the invA gene is estimated -1.21.

According to our results, hexane extract extracted from the sea cucumber (H. leucospilota) caused reduction ofinvA gene expression in salmonella infantis. So, it can be used as a therapeutic supplement against S. infantis

Background and Biological studies on marine fauna, especially invertebrates, has significantly increased in recent years which led to the identification of many different bioactive compounds. The sea cucumber are echinoderms with a very muscular body wall that contains 70% collagen and is considered a rich source of protein. Based on recent researches on bioactive compounds extracted from sea cucumber, it was found to have cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-tumor, and anti-coagulation properties.
In this experimental study, enzymatic hydrolysis method was used to study the anticoagulant properties of hydrolysates protein in muscles of sea cucumber. Finally, the anticoagulant properties of hydrolysates protein on the human blood plasma was examined by the Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time anticoagulant test (APTT) in two concentrations (90 and 130 µg/ml), and Prothrombin Time (PT) in different concentrations (220, 440, 670, and 900 µg/ml).
The total amount of hydrolysates protein was found to be 55.8 mg/g in wet tissue. The results of anti-coagulation assays showed that the hydrolysates protein of the sea cucumber muscle contains anticoagulant properties on human blood plasma and could prolong the clotting time.
Peptides from the hydrolysis in sea cucumber muscle have anticoagulant properties as already reported for heparin-like compounds.

The studies has been shown that some natural compounds are effective in preventing injuries induced by electromagnetic fields (EMFs). The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of the Persian Gulf sea cucumber body extract against injuries induced by 50 Hz EMF on sperm parameters in Balb/C mice.
In this experimental study, mice were divided randomly into 7 groups including control (without treatment), sham (exposed to a power off EMF) and experimental groups 1,2,3,4 and 5. The experimental groups were exposed to EMF 4 h/day for 10 days. The experimental groups 2 to 5 received sea cucumber body extract (25,50,100,200 mg/kg) 6 h before radiation exposure. Then, the testosterone levels, LH, sperm morphology, motility and viability were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, one way ANOVA and Tukey post test (P Electromagnetic fields did not exert significant changes in LH level (P>0.05), but EMF induced abnormalities in sperm morphology (22±0.008), reduced sperm motility (12%), viability (57±0.16), testosterone level (0.25±0.04) and increased their body weight (38%) in electromagnetic group as compared with control. The hormonal and sperm evaluations showed that under exposure groups treated with sea cucumber extract had optimize reduction of sperm abnormalities in experimental group 4 (%6±0.012), motility elevation in experimental group 5 (%64±0.008) and elevation of sperm viability (%77±0.01) and the testosterone levels (1.12±0.26) in experimental group 4 as compared with experimental group.
The results demonstrated that the sea cucumber extract possess protective effect against harmful effects of low frequency electromagnetic field in parameters such as sperm motility, viability and morphology in Balb/C mice.

Beta-amyloid is increased in the brain of diabetic patients. Considering different effects of electromagnetic field on biological processes, this study was performed to investigate the concomitant effects of aqueous extract of Holothuria arenicola and low frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) on the serum insulin, glucose and amyloid beta level in diabetic rats.
In this experimental study, 42 male rats were divided into 7 equal groups: control and diabetic control (distilled water); diabetic 1(100 mg/kg of extract); diabetic 2 (100 mg/kg of extract EMF 10 gauss); diabetic 3 (100 mg/kg of extract EMF400); diabetic 4 (EMF10); diabetic 5 (EMF400). Diabetes was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of Alloxan. Diabetic groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 had daily exposure to the EMF for 60 minutes. The serum levels of insulin, blood glucose and beta-amyloid protein were measured at first, fifteenth and thirtieth days.
The serum glucose, insulin and beta-amyloid level for diabetic samples 1 and 2 at first, fifteenth and thirtieth days were significant compared to the diabetic control. At fifteenth and thirtieth days, glucose and insulin level for diabetic 3 and 4 samples were significant compared to the diabetic control (P Injecting Holothuria arenicola extract to the diabetic rats results in a decrease and increase in glucose, insulin and beta-amyloid, respectively. These effects were augmented with the simultaneous use of 10 gauss electromagnetic field.

Sea cucumber (Holothuria leucospilota) is used for food purposes and traditional medicine in the South East and East Asia. This study was done to determine the antiviral effect of methanolic extract, of Holothuria leucospilota species against HIV-1 virus. In this laboratory study, sea cucumbers were collected from Larak Island, Persian Gulf, Iran at depths of 10-30 m. Methanol solvent was used for extraction process. Extract was concentrated by rotary evaporator at 40-45 degree C, and subsequently was prepared in the form of dry powder using vacuum freeze dryer lyophilization. The extract in 100 and 1000 µg/ml of concentrations inhibited by 94% and 92.5% the replication of HIV-1, respectively. 10 µg/ml of extract had not specific antiviral effect. Approximately the half of concentration of extract (35.89 µg/ml) prevents 50% of proliferation of HIV-1, which was 50% toxic of on host cells (P<0.05). Sea cucumber methanolic body wall extract of Holothuria leucospilota species had no antiviral effect against HIV-1 virus. It can be due to cytotoxic effect of extract on the host cells.

The sea cucumbers were considered as an important component of aquatic ecosystems in more marine ecosystems. Melanoma as the most dangerous form of skin cancer, has long been influenced the human health. In the present study was examined the cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber body wall extract, species of Holothuria arenicola on melanoma cancer cells. In this in vitro experimental study, melanoma cancer cells were cultured in %10 RPMI 1640(Roswell Park Memorial Institute) medium and incubated at 37˚C with %5 CO2. After 24 h, the cells were treated by sea cucumber extract with different concentrations (15, 31, 62, 125, 250, 500 μg/ml). The cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber body wall extract were examined by using MTT assay, Acridine Orange/ Propodium Iodide, DAPI staining, flow cytometry and caspase 3, 9 assay on melanoma cancer cells and the results were analyzed by SPSS software, one way ANOVA and Duncan test. Sea cucumber body wall extract were induced cytotoxic effect through apoptosis induction on B16F10 melanoma cancer cells after 24 h treatment with IC50= 34 µg/ml. This extract were exerted more toxicity in concentration of 62 µg/ml as a result around 80% of the cells were apoptotic. Our findings indicated that the sea cucumber body wall extract with cytotoxic and pro apoptosis activity in B16F10cell line can be a good candidate for anti-cancer researches.

Sea cucumbers are one of the most echinoderms and from the class Holothuroidea. Some of their specific biological activities are including anti-cancer, anticoagulant, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-atherosclerosis and anti-tumor properties, as well as accelerate wound healing. The presence of different compounds such as saponins, chondroitin sulfates, glycosaminoglycans, sulfated Polysaccharides, glycoprotein, glycosphingolipids and essential and non essential fatty acids, are the causes of their biological properties. Saponins, which are produced for compatibility with the environment, are as theire secondary metabolites. These active compounds have biological properties like hemolytic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, ichthyotoxic, cytostatic, anti neogenic, antineoplastic, and uric acid lowering effects. Sea cucumber, have high economic value. In East Asia, Since ancient times, it have been traditionally used for the treatment of fatigue, sexual impotence, impotence caused by aging, constipation due to intestinal dryness, urinary incontinence, asthma, hypertension, arthritis and anemia. Also, toxins obtained from sea cucumber, have anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-cancer and anti-pregnancy properties. According to literatures, the aqueous extract and high molecular weight compounds from sea cucumbers can inhibit tumor activity, via the apoptosis induction. Sea cucumbers because of the high percentage of protein and the absence of cholesterol, classified as an invigorating food. Because of different species of sea cucumbers in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea; the identification of compounds and biological properties of sea cucumber species in these regions is recommended to the researchers.

Sea cucumber is a traditional food and medical item and has been reported to exhibit Antioxidant, antifungal, anti tumoral and antibacterial bioactivity. The objective of this study is to describe the antibacterial activity of 4 extracts of Holoturia. Sp (sea cucumber), collected from Hengam Island of Persian Gulf. Methanol, hexane, aqueous and chloroform extracts from body wall tissue of the sea cucumber were screened for antibacterial activity against three strains of Escherichia coli Top 10 F´, TG1 and K12 using disc diffusion and broth microdilution tests methods. The growth of all these strains were inhibited using concentration from 0.78 to 100 mg/ml of methanol, hexan and chloroform extracts. Among the extracts just methanol and chloroform with 100 mg/ml had bactericidal effect on TG1 and K12 strains. On the other hand, Aqueous extract had induced growth in of the all strains. The results suggest the possibility of applying sea cucumber as source of potential anti bacterial agents, whose compounds can be good candidates to make antibiotic products.