جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « زنان چاق » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Using the best exercise protocol along with taking herbal supplements is one of the methods of managing weight loss and related disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effect of polarized exercise with Carvil supplement on lipid profile and metabolic syndrome of obese women.

24 obese women were randomly placed in 3 groups (exercise), (supplement) and (exercise with supplement). The participants of the (exercise with supplement) and (supplement) groups received Carvil three times a day and 2 hours before doing the exercises. Polarized exercises were performed for 4 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Physiological and anthropometric indicators as well as biochemical values ​​were evaluated before the start of training and after the last training session. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 27 software at the significance level (P<0.05).

The results showed that weight, body mass index, and fat mass index were significantly reduced in two groups (exercise with supplements) and (exercise). There was a significant decrease in LDL in the (supplemented with exercise) group, but it was not statistically significant in the other groups due to the observed decreasing trend. A decrease in triglyceride, blood sugar, cholesterol, HDL and insulin levels was observed in all groups, although this decrease was not significant. There was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure in the group (supplemented with exercise) and diastolic blood pressure in the group (supplemented) (P<0.05).

Polarized exercise with Carvil supplement can be effective in improving lipid profile and metabolic syndrome in obese women. However, determining the mechanism and nature of the effect of these exercises along with supplement consumption on lipid profile and metabolic syndrome requires more studies.

One of the main factors in changing the lifestyle of obese people is choosing the correct method of physical activity and following dietary considerations. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of circuit training and consumption of red tea on some liver enzymes and lipid profile and insulin changes in obese women.

24 obese women were randomly divided into 4 groups: circuit training, circuit training with red tea consumption, red tea consumption and control. Circuit training was performed for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The subjects of the supplement group also received 2 grams of red tea daily for 8 weeks. Lipid indices, insulin resistance, atherogenic and some liver enzymes were measured before the start of the training program and after the last training session through blood samples. The data was analyzed by Spss software version 21 at a significance level of P≥0.05.

Weight and body mass index were significantly reduced in exercise + supplement and exercise groups (p=0.001). The percentage of fat also decreased significantly in the exercise + supplement and exercise groups (p=0.001 and p=0.004). Total cholesterol levels were significantly reduced in exercise + supplement and exercise groups (p=0.029 and p=0.001). LDL levels were significantly decreased in exercise + supplement and supplement groups (p=0.017 and p=0.037). Triglyceride and HDL levels in the supplement group decreased and increased significantly (p=0.010 and p=0.001). Atherogenic index was significantly decreased in exercise and supplement groups (p=0.021 and p=0.001). ALT liver enzyme levels decreased significantly in the training group (p=0.017).

According to the results of the present study, it seems that the use of circular exercises with the help of red tea is probably considered an effective approach for weight loss.

Nutritional supplements prevent diseases by reducing appetite and obesity. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Quinoa supplementation on Irisin serum levels, lipid profile and physical parameters of obese unexercised adult women in Ardabil city. The research method was semi-experimental and laboratory with a pre-test and post-test design. The subjects of the research were 20 inactive obese health adult women in Ardabil who were randomly selected and matching in two Quinoa supplement (n=10) and Control (n=10) groups. The supplement group consumed 25 grams of cooked quinoa three times a week for eight weeks. To measure Irisin and fat profile, 5 ml of blood was taken 24 hours before and 48 hours after the last session. Physical indices were also measured. To compare the mean of data between and within groups, before and after eight weeks of quinoa consumption, ANCOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc and paired t-test were used. Significance level of p<0.05 was considered. Serum Irisin level (P=0.0001) of the supplement group increased significantly after eight weeks of quinoa consumption compared to before eight weeks and compared to the control. Meanwhile, serum level of VLDL (P=0.0001), triglyceride (P=0.0001) and total cholesterol (P=0.0001) decreased significantly. Other indices of lipid profile and body composition did not change significantly (P<0.05). 8 weeks of Quinoa supplementation probably stimulates the secretion of Irisin and causes the reduction of VLDL, TG and TC in unexercised obese women.

Obesity has been recognized as one of the top 10 health problems by the World Health Organization. The purpose of the present study was to the effect of aerobic training on atrogin, eotaxin and IL-10 indices in obese women.

The present applied research was a quasi-experimental study in which 30 obese women aged 30-45 years were selected by available method from South Tehran Azad University (2016-2017) and randomly divided into two groups of aerobic exercise and control. 24 hours before the start of training, the individual characteristics of the subjects and the research variables (atrogen, eutoxin and IL-10) were measured in blood tissue, then the subjects of the experimental group had their training program for 8 weeks, 3 They performed one session per week and each session lasted 45-60 minutes under the supervision of a researcher. Dependent and independent t-test was used to analyze the data.

Due to the lack of differences in pre-test scores, it was found that the groups were identical. It was also found that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise had a significant effect on the levels of eutoxin, atrogen and interleukin-10 in obese women (p = 0.001)

According to the research results, it is recommended that obese women exercise aerobically. Use to reduce the negative effects of obesity.

obesity-related Inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases through activation of macrophages.Purpose of this study was to investigate effect of 12 weeks of aerobic training on serum level of Neuropilin 1(NRP1),lipids profile and insulin resistance index in obese women.

Twenty obese women (mean age 32.20 ± 2.68 years and body mass index 38.78 ± 9.81 kg / m2) were randomly divided into experimental and control groups(10 ones in each).Subjects in experimental group participated in twelve weeks of aerobic running training at intensity of 50-75 percentage of reserve heart rate, 30-55 minutes per session and five sessions per week. Blood sampling was performed immediately before the first session and 48 hours after the last training session to assess blood factors. Statistical analysis was done by Covariance, paired t-test and Pearson correlation at significant level of P<0.05.

there existed significant differences between two groups of experimental and control for changes in levels of NRP1 and lipids and metabolic profiles and anthropometric incises. 12 weeks of aerobic training resulted in significant increases in levels of NRP1 and improvement in lipids and metabolic profiles and anthropometric indices (P<0.05) in experimental group in post-test . However, there were significant correlation between changes in serum levels of NPL1 following 12 weeks of aerobic training with changes in waist circumference (P=0.03).

It seems that 12 weeks of aerobic training can improve body composition, lipid profile and insulin resistance in addition to increases in serum levels of NRP1 in obese women.

Obesity can create physical and mental disabilities in social interactions and communication skills. One of the factors affecting obesity is body image, i.e., mental representation of body size, shape and form. Body image comprises cognitive, emotional and behavioral components. Also, obesity may cause anxiety. Overeating is another psychological factor that can affect obese women. Cognitive–behavioral therapy is one of the treatment techniques that may positively affect the psychological status of obese women. Group cognitive–behavioral therapy is a type of psychotherapy that combines cognitive and learning theories with therapeutic techniques derived from cognitive therapy and group behavioral therapy. Another helpful therapy is mindfulness–based reduction stress therapy. It is one of the psychological approaches that may be effective in reducing psychological disorders in obese women. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of these two stress reductive approaches on improving the body image, anxiety, and overeating among obese women.

The present research is a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and follow–up design with a control group. The statistical population included all obese women (n=492) referred to counseling centers in Malayer City, Iran, during 2018 and 2019. Of them, 45 women (3 groups of 15 women, including 2 experimental and 1 control groups) were selected as the study samples using the available non–random sampling method. The inclusion criteria for the study participants were having a body mass index of 30 or above, being interested in participating in the counseling course, and not receiving other psychological therapies (for the experimental groups). Subjects responded to the Multidimensional Body–Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) (Kash, 2000), Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck et al., 1988), and Binge Eating Scale (Gormally et al., 1982) before and immediately after the intervention and then at the follow–up phase (three months after the intervention). One experimental group received group cognitive behavioral therapy (White, 2001) in eight 90–min sessions and the other experimental group underwent the mindfulness–based stress reduction program (Kabat–Zinn et al., 1992) in another eight 90–min sessions. For the control group, no intervention was presented. The study data were analyzed by descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measures analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test) in SPSS software version 21. The significance level of statistical tests was considered at 0.05.

The pretest mean scores of body image of the group cognitive–behavioral and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapies increased from 165.14 and 165.95 to 205.47 and 209.53 in the posttest, respectively. The follow–up mean scores of the body image for the group cognitive–behavioral and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapies were 205.5 and 204.47, respectively. Compared to the posttest scores, these scores show the stability of changes over time. The pretest mean scores of anxiety of the group cognitive–behavioral and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapies decreased from 44.73 and 46.16 to 33.53 and 36.33 in the posttest, respectively. The follow–up mean scores of the anxiety for the group cognitive–behavioral and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapies were 33.73 and 34.67, respectively. Compared to the posttest scores, these results show the stability of the outcomes over time. The pretest mean scores of the overeating of the group cognitive–behavioral and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapies decreased from 32.04 and 31.93 to 17.47 and 17.27 in the posttest, respectively. The follow–up mean scores of the overeating for the group cognitive–behavioral and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapies were 16.47 and 19.47, respectively. Also, compared to the posttest scores, these scores show the stability of the intervention effect over time. However, in all three variables of body image, anxiety and overeating, the mean scores of the control group did not change significantly between the pretest, posttest, and follow–up. The effects of time (p<0.001) and group (p<0.001) on all three variables of body image, anxiety, and overeating were significant. There were no significant differences between group cognitive–behavioral therapy and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapy regarding the variables of body image (p=0.662), anxiety (p=0.158), and overeating (p=0.201). Nevertheless, in all three dependent variables, significant differences were observed between the two experimental groups and the control group (p<0.001).

Based on the study results, group cognitive–behavioral therapy and mindfulness–based stress reduction therapy are both equally effective in improving psychological problems of obese women.

Overweight and obesity are associated with many psychological symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment and cognitive-behavioral group therapy on self-esteem, resilience, and emotion regulation among women with obesity in Amol

The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and two-month follow-up-period with the control group. 75 women with obesity who met the inclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to three equal groups (two experimental groups and one control group). Acceptance and commitment group therapy sessions and cognitive-behavioral group therapy sessions were held once a week in twelve 90-minute sessions. The instruments used in this study were a self-esteem questionnaire, a resilience questionnaire and the short-form emotion regulation questionnaire. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS software version 22.

The mean (SD) age of participants in the acceptance and commitment therapy group was (6.6) 38.9, in the cognitive-behavioral therapy group (6.2) 37.7, and in the control group (6.5) 38.4 years. In the acceptance and commitment treatment group, the mean (SD) of self-worth increased from (4.4) 138 in the pre-test to (5.3) 149.5 in the post-test and (4.8) 149.9 increased in the follow-up stage (P <0.001) and in the group of cognitive-behavioral therapy from (5.3) 138.1 in the pre-test to (5.4) 143.9 post-test and (5.2) 143.5 increased in the follow-up stage (P<0.001), but in the control group from (4.5) 137.8 in the pre-test to (4.5) 139.3 post-test and (3.4) 139.2 in the follow-up stage, the difference was not significant. In the acceptance and commitment treatment group, the mean (SD) of resilience increased from (4.7) 65.7 in the pre-test to (4.9) 74.7 in the post-test and (5.1) 74.4 in the follow-up stage it increased (P<0.001) and in the cognitive-behavioral therapy group from(4.7) 65.9 in the pre-test to (4.5) 72.8 post-test and (4.3) 73.6 increased in the follow-up stage (P<0.001) but in the control group from (4.6) 65.8 in the pre-test to (4.7) 67.7 post-test and (4.7) 67.8 at the follow-up stage, the difference was not significant. In the acceptance and commitment therapy group, the mean (SD) of emotion regulation increased from (4.7) 26.9 in the pre-test to (4.9) 34.7 in the post-test and (4.9) 33.7 in the follow-up stage increased (P<0.001) and in the cognitive-behavioral therapy group from (2.5) 27.1 in the pre-test to (5.3) 33 post-test and (5.3) 32.3 in the stage follow-up increased (P<0.001) but in thecontrol group from (5.7) 26.8 in the pre-test to (5.7) 28.6 post-test and (5.3) 28.4 in the follow-up stage. It turned out that the difference was not significant. The findings confirmed that acceptance and commitment-based group therapy was significantlymore effective than cognitive-behavioral group therapy on self-worth (p=0.002). However, for resilience (p=0.418) and emotion regulation (p=0.152), no significant difference had been found.

The study showed that acceptance-based therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy increase self-esteem, resilience, and emotion regulation in obese women. There was no significant difference between the two treatments in terms of resilience and emotion regulation. However, acceptance and commitment therapy had a more significant effect than cognitive-behavioral therapy in terms of self-esteem.

Heart disease is a multifactorial disease with genetic background and environmental factors involved. And new studies believe that markers such as apolipoprotein AI are a better criterion for diagnosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of regular aerobic exercise on apolipoprotein AI gene expression and lipid profile indices in obese women.

Methods:

In this experimental study, 30 healthy obese women aged 35-30 years were randomly selected and divided into control (n =15) and experimental (n =15) groups. The experimental group underwent 8 weeks of regular aerobic exercise at 60-75% of the heart rate reserve three sessions per week for 60 minutes each session. Apolipoprotein AI mRNA expression was measured by Semi-quantitative-RT-PCR method and lipid profiles were measured in both pre-test and post-test.

The apolipoprotein AI gene expression was significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, TG (P = 0.003), TG LDL in the experimental group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group and HDL level in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.001)

The regular aerobic exercise has an important role in reducing cardiovascular diseases through increasing apolipoprotein AI gene expression and improving lipid

Obesity is one of the causative factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, therapeutic strategies such as physical activity are useful in its prevention and treatment. The present study aims to investigate the effect of combined training on fatty liver grade, liver dimensions, and liver enzymes in obese or overweight women with fatty liver.

In the present semi-experimental research, 22 women with fatty liver in Shahrood in 2018 were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two equal training and control groups. Training group performed Aerobic Interval Training (2-5 sets of 4 minutes, the intensity of 70-75% of HR
max,
2 minutes active rest) with resistance training (6 stations with 8-12 repetitions, 2-4 circuits) for 12 weeks, 3 times a week. The control group did not perform any activity during this period. Body composition, ultrasound, and blood samples were measured before and after 12 weeks of training. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA.

The results showed that 12 weeks of combined training significantly reduced dimension and grade of the fatty liver compared with the control group (p<0/001 and p=0/009, respectively); further, a nonsignificant decrease was observed in Alanine Amino Transferees levels. The effect of combined training on weight and body mass index was not significant.

Given that the combined training program (resistance and aerobic interval) of the present study reduced liver fat independent of weight loss, women with fatty liver may be able to use this program as an adjunct non-pharmacological treatment to improve fatty liver.

Leptin and galanin are hormones involved in appetite and energy balance that play an important role in metabolism regulation and energy balance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 12 weeks of intense intermittent exercise (HIIT) and curcumin consumption effect on leptin and galanin levels on inactive obese women.

30 obese women were randomly selected from 85 women referring to sports clubs in  the Urmia city with an age range of 30-35 years in the form of a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test and were divided into two groups of 15 Individual HIIT-Placebo and HIIT-Curcumin. The preparation period lasted for three weeks and HIIT training for nine weeks (4 sessions per week). Blood samples were taken in two stages before and 48 hours after the last training session in the follicular phase. Serum leptin and galanin were measured by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and analysis of covariance. Significance level was considered 0.05 and data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.

The results of statistical analysis showed that 12 weeks of HIIT training reduced leptin (p<0.05), galanin (p<0.05), body mass index (p<0.05), and weight (p<0.05) was significantly higher in the HIIT-Curcumin group than in the HIIT-Placebo group.

The results showed that HIIT training combined with curcumin consumption as a non- invasive method can have a positive effect on reducing leptin and galanin levels and obesity-related factors.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of aerobic and endurance training on GLP-1 and insulin resistance in obese women with type 2 diabetes.

Thirty diabetic women aged 35-50 years, members of Saveh Diabetes Association, voluntarily participated in the present study and randomly divided into three groups of control (n=10), aerobic exercise (n=10) and resistance training (n=10). 24 hours before the start of the exercise protocol, individual characteristics and blood sampling were measured in the pre-test. Then the aerobic and resistance training groups performed their own training program for eight weeks (3 sessions per week and each session lasted 45-60 minutes). After eight weeks and 24 hours after the last training session individual data and blood samples were measured and analyzed using one-way ANOVA at p < 0.05.

The present study showed no significant difference between the effects of the two training methods on insulin resistance (P=0.922), but there was a significant difference between the effects of the two training methods on GLP-1 values (P=0.001).

Aerobic and resistance training can decrease appetite and weight control in obese women with type 2 diabetes by increasing     GLP-1. Aerobic training also seems to be more effective than resistance training.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of resistance training on atrogin, eotaxin and IL-10 indices in obese women.

In this semi-experimental study, 30 obese women aged 30-45 years for South Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University were selected and divided into two groups of resistance training (n = 10) and control (n = 10). In the pre-test, and 24 hours before the start of the exercise, the individual characteristics of the subjects and the research variables (atrogin, eotaxin and IL-10) were measured in blood. Subsequently, the subjects in the resistance training group performed their training program, which was initially 1RM using the Brazilian formula. Subjects then began their workouts for 8 weeks, three sessions per week at 40% intensity and 5 repetitions in the first week, and the intensity gradually increased to reach 90% at week 20 with 20 repetitions. Data were analyzed using dependent t-test, two-way ANOVA, and Bonferroni test.

The results showed that a period of resistance training had no significant effect on the level of atrogin and eotaxin in obese women but had a significant effect on IL-10 level.

Regarding the lack of significant effect of resistance training on atherogenic and etotoxin, it is recommended that obese women use resistance training in consultation with physician.

Nodaways, exercise and physical activities are used as effective non-pharmacological treatment to minimize arterial stiffness and prevent cardiovascular disease. This study was performed with aim to compare the effect of aerobic and resistance training on arterial stiffness, inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors in obese sedentary women.

This clinical trial study was performed in 2018 on 27 obese women with an age range of 30-40 years in Mashhad. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of aerobic and resistance training. Aerobic exercise was hold with an intensity of 50-70% of the maximum heart rate reserve and resistance exercise programs with 60-85% intensity of one repetition maximum for 24 sessions every other day. Blood samples were taken and maximal oxygen uptake and arterial stiffness were measured at the beginning of the 1th, 13th and 24th sessions. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) and repeated-measures ANOVA, Friedman and Tukey tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Both aerobic and resistance exercise programs significantly increased maximal oxygen consumption, skeletal muscle mass and significantly decreased pulse pressure (p<0.05). The effect of aerobic exercise on oxygen uptake was more than resistance training (p=0.023), but there was no difference between the effect of both exercise programs on decreasing pulse pressure (p=0.879). Changes in IL6 and IL10 were not significant in both aerobic and resistance exercise programs (p>0.05).

Both aerobic training and resistance exercise can have a positive impact on the structural properties of the artery wall of inactive obese women and can be used as a non-pharmacological treatment to minimize arterial stiffness and prevent cardiovascular disease.

Obesity is one of the top 10 health problems in the world. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of aerobic training on indices of perceptin, irizine and insulin resistance in obese women.

Thirty women were selected from obese women who referred to Ilam Health House in the age range of 30-45 years and were randomly divided into two groups of aerobic exercise (n = 10) and control (n = 10).  In the next stage and 24 hours before the start of the exercise, the individual characteristics of the subjects including age, height, weight and body mass index and the research variables (insulin resistance, Dpp4 and GLP-1) were measured in the pre-test and the training group. Then experiments performed aerobic exercise program for 8 weeks with intensity of 60-75% of maximum heart rate and 3 days per week for 30-45 minutes. The variables were measured again 24 hours after the last training session. Dependent t-test, two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used for data analysis.

The results showed that aerobic training had effect on the levels of peptin, irizine and insulin resistance in obese women. Exercise, time, and the interactive effect of exercise and time have effect on preptin, irizine, and insulin resistance in obese women (p=0.001). There was also a significant difference between pre-test and post-test on one hand and exercise and no practice on the other (p=0.001).

According to the findings of this study, it is recommended to use aerobic exercise to reduce weight and minimize the negative effects of obesity in obese women.

Obese females have a lot of physical and psychological problems, and in this field, strength training with an elastic band can help. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of strength training with elastic band on Body Mass Index, quality of life, and psychological well-being in obese females.

This study was quasi-experimental with a pre and post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was obese females referring to nutritional clinics of Qarchak city in 2018, who, among them, 40 females were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided into two equal groups. The experimental group received two months (three sessions a week) the strength training with the elastic band by exercise instructor and the control group placed on the waiting list for training. Data were collected by instruments of body mass index and quality of life and psychological well-being questionnaires and were analyzed in the SPSS-18 software with multivariate analysis of covariance method.

The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in all three variables of body mass index, quality of life, and psychological well-being. In other words, the strength training with the elastic band led to a decrease in body mass index (F = 388.761) and increase the quality of life (F = 167.168) and psychological well-being (F = 175.576) in obese females (P < 0.05).

It is recommended that nutritionists and coaches of sports clubs use from strength training with the elastic band method along with other ways to improve the body mass index, quality of life, and psychological well-being of obese females.

In the context of health promotion - women's psychiatric intervention, a new response is needed, in which group psychotherapy for women, self-directed intervention, and effective self-directed goal-setting. Disordered eating and lifestyle-enhancing health in obese women.

The research design was applied in terms of the nature of a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group with a random assignment. The population of the study consisted of all women referring to Nutrition and Diet Therapy clinics in District 2 of Tehran in 2019. Thirty patients were selected by convenience sampling method and were replaced in 2 groups of 15 (participants were included with the Living Habits Assessment Questionnaire (2005), Eating Feedback (1979), and Walker Healthy Lifestyle (1977). Then, participants were trained in 8 sessions of 1.5-hour commitment and acceptance group therapy, and the control group did not receive any training. The data were analyzed in SPSS 23 software. Research Hypotheses of Multivariate Analysis of MANCOVA with Frequent Measurement for 2 data were used.

The results of ANCOVA showed that commitment and acceptance group therapy had a significant effect on lifestyle habits, disturbed eating behavior, and health-promoting lifestyle (P <0.05). The results of paired comparisons between the two groups through the Tukey post hoc test showed a difference between the mean of life habits, disordered eating behavior, and lifestyle between the control group and the commitment-based treatment group. The results of the two-month follow-up test also showed that the effectiveness of commitment and acceptance group therapy on life habits, disordered eating behaviors, and health-promoting lifestyle in obese women is lasting.

Therefore, it can be concluded that group therapy based on commitment and acceptance on life habits, disturbed eating behavior, and health-promoting lifestyle in women with obesity are useful, and these therapies can be used to improve the condition of women with obesity.

Diabetes mellitus, as a metabolic disease, is associated with impaired insulin resistance index and cardiovascular risk factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a concurrent exercise and Ginger supplementation on cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, and insulin resistance index in obese women with type 2 diabetes.

60 women with type 2 diabetes, which had medical records in 2016 in Sabzevar Diabetes Association Centre, were selected with convenient sampling (age: 49.2±5.5 years, BMI: 30.98±3.01 kg/m2) and randomly divided into four groups: Concurrent training groups of high-intensity (resistance training: 75 to 85% of 1RM and endurance training: 70 to 85% HRmax) with Ginger supplementation or placebo, Concurrent training groups of moderate intensity (resistance training: 50 to 74% of 1RM and endurance training: 50 to 70% of HRmax) with Ginger supplementation or  placebo. In supplementation groups, the volunteers were recieved daily 800 mg capsules of Ginger Rhizome powder and in placebo groups, a capsule containing Wheat flour twice daily. 24 hours before training and also after 12 weeks, lipid indices (LDL, HDL, TG and Chol), biochemical indices (insulin, glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin), body composition, and cardiorespiratory endurance were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test at significance level of p<0.05.

The results showed that in all training groups, the indices of body composition, lipid and cardio-respiratory endurance were significantly improved (p<0.05); However, there was no significant difference between groups (p<0.05). Insulin resistance was significantly decreased in the high intensity training group+placebo and the moderate intensity training group+supplement compared to the high intensity training group+supplement (p<0.05). Hemoglobin glycosylated levels in the high intensity training group+placebo and the moderate intensity training group+placebo were lower than the moderate intensity training group+supplement (p<0.05). The levels of glucose in high intensity training group with and without supplement and the moderate intensity training group+placebo were significantly decreased compared to the moderate intensity training group+supplement (p<0.05).

It seems that the exercise with both intensity compared with supplementation had an optimal effect on the improvement of indices of cardio-respiratory endurance, body composition, lipid and some glycemic indices, though the moderate intensity training+supplementation was more effective than other groups in improving insulin sensitivity. Therefore, the study of synergistic effects of exercise and supplementation on improvement of the aformentioned indices requires more emphasis on detailed in the future.

Due to the prevalence of obesity and the subsequent development of metabolic risk factors, cardiovascular and fatty liver complications, exercise programs and the use of natural supplements can play a significant role in controlling and preventing these diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the effect of eight weeks of combined exercise and Chlorogenic acid intake on C-reactive protein and liver enzymes in obese women.

In this quasi-experimental study, which was performed as a pre-test, post-test with a control group, a total of 48 obese women were selected purposefully and divided randomly into four equal groups (n=12); exercise, supplement, exercise+supplementation and control group. The exercises program consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic and resistance training, 3 sessions with 60 minutes per week. The chlorogenic acid supplement group received daily Green coffee in capsule form contain 400 mg powder for 8 weeks and the concurrent group performed exercise and received Green coffee simultaneously. By using blood sampling the variables were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA at significance level of p<0.05.

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the supplement group were the lowest and in the exercise+supplementation group had the highest decrease and there was no significant difference in the control group. The C-reactive protein (CRP) in the training+supplementation group was significantly decreased and in the three experimental groups there was a significant difference compared to the control group (p≥0.05).

It seems that combined exercise and natural substances rich in chlorogenic acid can decrease inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein and liver enzymes.

Obesity is the most common metabolic disorder and important problem of the last decade. Exercise activity can reduce the negative effects of obesity by affecting PGC-1α and subsequent increases in Irisin, it can change the white adipose tissue and convert it into brown adipose tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks Pilates training on the plasma values of PGC-1α and Irisin in obese women.
the research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test. The statistical population was all obesity women with BMI higher than 30 and age range 25-35 in Semnan. 30 people were selected as available statistical sample from this population and were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental group and control group. The experimental group performed Pilates training protocol, which included stretching tensile exercises, neuromuscular coordination and balance, for 12 weeks, three sessions per week, and every session of 1.5 hours. The ELISA method was used to measure PGC-1α and Irisin variables 48 h before the start of the exercise protocol and 48 hours after the last exercise session. To analyze the data, covariance analysis was used at the significant level (p≤0.05).
The results showed that 12 weeks Pilates training can lead to a significant increase in PGC-1α (p=0.027) and Irisin (p=0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group.
The results show that 12 weeks Pilates training can lead to increase PGC-1α and plasma Irisin and it can be stated that this type of training has a positive effect on converting white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue and increasing exothermicity in the body.