جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مهاجرت" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Although the upstream documents emphasize the retention and attraction of talents and scientific authority, the immigration rate of talents and healthcare professionals has been rising in recent years, and the country's growth in line with scientific authority has not been favorable. To achieve scientific authority and talent management, China has implemented various programs that will be analyzed in this research as a successful model.

The data collection of this study was done based on the review and selection of domestic and international articles, books, news, and documents. In addition, internal and external databases were also used to extract the required data. Finally, data analysis was done using the content analysis method.

The Chinese government has greatly increased the return of talent to China by implementing several successful programs and providing the necessary infrastructure and budgets by keeping a high level of sending students abroad. The first program was aimed at internal empowerment by implementing three projects, and the second program was in the direction of cultivating, maintaining, and attracting talents in the form of nine main programs.

Considering the insufficient efficiency of the programs implemented inside the country and the acceleration of the migration of talents and specialists, and in line with the movement towards scientific authority, actions such as improving the quality of the country's higher education system, improving the level of international scientific collaboration, and revising upstream documents related to the affairs of talents and the establishment of a capable structure in the management and coordination of programs implementation are suggested

The migration of elites has become a major challenge worldwide. In Iran, in recent years, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of immigrants. Migration often occurs in different ways including educational migration within geographical borders, field migration, experts avoiding professional activities, and forced or semi-forced migration. Due to the fact that each form of migration can lead to diverse problems, it is imperative to pay attention to the nature and complications of each type of migration in the discussion of human resources management.

Marginal immigrants cause many problems in economic, social and cultural, physical ,and environmental aspects of cities. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting migration to Kerman city and the problems of marginalized immigrants using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) models.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022, with a sample size of 147 households selected from Kerman suburban region. The data were collected by a standardized questionnaire measuring effective factors on the migration and the checklist of the immigrant problems.

The most important immigration factors were economic, social, geographical, political, educational and religious-cultural factors, respectively. Among 37 components studied, transferring the job of the family man as the family head, being on the main  land, air and rail ways, having a special position at the international level, burying the family’s dead members in the desired city, and the education of the wife or one of the children of the family were the most important components. 
According to the results, more than 90% did not have access to public baths, sports facilities, government centers, private institutions, and parks, and recreational spaces.

According to AHP model, economic factors ,and then social factors, were the most important reasons for migrating to the suburbs of Kerman. Therefore, it is suggested to create stable and long-term job opportunities , improve employment and business environment in the cities, and develop infrastructure to control migration to the city capitals.

Nurses play a crucial role as one of the primary pillars of the healthcare system. The training of proficient nursing staff incurs significant costs for the healthcare system, and their departure leads to irreparable harm across various sectors of their home country. The purpose of this study was to determine and prioritize the factors affecting the migration of nurses based on the opinions of hospital managers.

This quantitative study utilized hierarchical analysis through Expert Choice software to examine the perspectives of nursing managers from selected hospitals in Tehran, employing a census approach with a 95% participation rate.

Out of 57 participants, the psychological factor emerged as the most influential, with a weight value of 0.746. Within the realm of psychological factors related to the country of origin, the absence of spiritual and psychological support in the workplace, with a weighted value of 0.458, was singled out as the primary cause. Gender discrimination within the country of origin, carrying a weighted value of 0.193, was highlighted as the foremost individual factor. Moreover, environmental factors in the destination country, with a weight value of 0.765, outweighed those in the country of origin.

Upon analysis of the data, psychological factors were identified as the top priority, followed by economic considerations. Thus, policymakers and managers are urged to implement innovative strategies, recognizing the importance of addressing both psychological well-being and economic stability.

The migration of nurses is a widespread phenomenon that impacts the stability of the nursing workforce in healthcare systems worldwide. This is often used to address labor shortages in the destination country. However, this phenomenon caused significant challenges, including a shortage of nursing staff and limitations in providing health services in the countries of origin. This study aims to review the factors that contribute to the migration of nurses globally.

This study is a narrative review study. In the first stage and based on the purpose of the research, searching for articles using Boolean operators in the time range of 2011 to 2023 in English and Farsi with the keywords "Migration, Immigrant, nurse" in the national information databases SID, Magiran and also Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was done. In this study, 13 articles were examined based on the entry and exit criteria and the appropriateness of the content with the purpose of the study.

The migration of nurses involves four main categories of psychosocial, organizational, economic, and individual-family factors. At the global level, organizational factors were the most effective and economic factors were the least effective factors.

Nurses' migration is a multidimensional issue requiring policymakers to pay special attention to it. Nursing managers should take steps to increase nurses' job satisfaction to prevent them from leaving.

Given the significant migration of educated individuals, particularly epidemiologists, throughout the country, it is crucial to investigate the underlying causes. This article presents the findings of an extensive study that sought to explore this issue by gathering insights from experts in the field.

The study was conducted using qualitative methods, employing content analysis. Data were collected between summer and autumn 2023 through semi-structured interviews with 32 epidemiologists in the country. Analysis followed the steps outlined by Lundman and Graneheim, with coding facilitated by MAXQDA software.

The main challenges of epidemiology in Iran were divided into six main categories. In the field of graduate students, problems in recruitment and employment due to the lack of suitable careers, infrastructure and structural problems of the system, research problems and insufficient knowledge about the performance of this field are the most important challenges, and in the field of students, education problems, structural and infrastructure problems were reported. Also, the main reasons for the migration of epidemiologists were the lack of meritocracy and specialization, inappropriate privileges (including the application of unconventional recruitment quotas), lack of a job market and opportunities for graduates, and inadequate compensation and benefits.

Based on the results of this study, it seems that the migration of epidemiologists as a valuable human resource abroad is a serious concern and problem. The lack of a suitable job position and ambiguity in the path to career advancement due to non-adherence to the meritocracy and skill-building system have increased the motivation to migrate in this group.

In recent years, the process of immigration of students, professors and healthcare professionals has significantly accelerated. In this research, the trend and causes of migration of talents and professionals are studied with a multidimensional perspective. Subsequently, policies related to expansion of the country's higher education system, governmental support for research and development, and creation and intensification of migration drivers will be studied as examples.

The data collection method of this study is both quantitative and qualitative, including review of articles, books, documents, and national and international databases as well as the opinions of the elite panel using content analysis method.

Simultaneous with the cultural and social developments of the last twenty years, the inefficient adopted policies related to non-futuristic expansion of the capacity of universities and higher education centers without considering improvement of the quality of education and research, have caused an important part of human resources and the country's budget to not be exploited. Implementation of these policies has impeded scientific, social, economic and political growth for at least two decades, and on the other hand, has turned the country's development opportunity into a driver and intensifier of the factors affecting immigration.

The country should carry out fundamental revisions in some past policies and programs, especially in terms of education, research, and technology, in order to achieve desirable economic-social development and scientific authority. Delay in this matter will undoubtedly lead to irreparable losses for the country.

Nurses are among the basic factors of health systems. Migration is one of the factors of reduction and loss of this value.

In this systematic review, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, MagIran and Google Scholar databases were searched without time limit and based on the prism method, and in order to evaluate the quality of the articles from the critical evaluation checklists of the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI) was used.

First, 265 articles were extracted, after screening and removing duplicate articles, unrelated, without complete text, the qualitative evaluation stage was performed, and finally 17 articles were included in the study, 7 articles with qualitative-quantitative method and 10 articles as Qualitative and content analysis was performed. No intervention was reported in the articles and no study prioritized the identified effective factors. The causes affecting migration were classified into two main categories: causes related to the country of origin (push factors) and causes related to the destination country (pull factors). The factors in the countries of origin and destination were counted in three areas: individual factors, social factors and cultural factors. Income, job position, job security, continuing education facilities and educational technology, team relations and facilities in the work environment and family status were identified as the most important factors affecting migration

Young nurses from third world countries, such as East Asian countries and India, had a high desire to immigrate. Considering that multi-dimensional causes, including psychological, subsistence and economic causes are effective on migrant nurses, for the possibility of effective management of this phenomenon, special attention and structural reforms in the social, cultural, political and economic dimensions of immigrant-first countries are necessary and it is needed.

This article tries to analyze the social and cultural opportunities that immigration provides for developing countries with a descriptive analytical method. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to know the opportunities that immigration provides for developing countries. Often, the benefits of immigrating to sending countries are often underestimated. But from one point of view, it can be analyzed as follows: immigrants can strengthen trade, remittances, innovations and investments in the homeland and even return to the homeland with better human capital at some point. An active diaspora can lead to factors of sustainable development, while immigration policies in receiving developed countries can increase the positive impact of immigration for development. In this study, these measures include those that support the initial integration of immigrants into the education system and the labor market, including job creation for asylum seekers. Dual citizenship agreements and circular migration are also possible instruments.

The aim of the current research was to provide a model of the discourse of immigrants in social media. This research was conducted as a qualitative study based on the phenomenological approach and through content analysis. Information was collected from posts on virtual networks. After implementing the data on paper, during the multi-stage process of identifying concepts related to immigration priorities in the discourse of social media users and reducing them, first in the initial interpretation stage and through the identification of obvious and hidden semantic units and their coding, a total of 985 codes Re-identified. Then, through integration based on conceptual similarity, the open codes were reduced to 329 primary concepts. The initial concepts entered the construction phase, during construction, the initial concepts were placed in semantic clusters based on the conceptual similarities and differences between them. In this way, 107 secondary concepts were obtained. Further, by classifying and organizing secondary concepts and comparing them, 48 concepts focused on a higher abstract level were extracted from the data as discourse indicators of migration. Then, 15 sub-themes were identified in the focused concepts, and at the end, by classifying the sub-themes, 5 main themes or 5 main categories including quality of life, employment, education, socio-political and environment were determined as the dimensions of the immigration discourse in social networks. The immigration discourse model in social networks can be a way forward for policies adopted in the field of immigration and brain drain.

Nurses are the main group of care providers in healthcare institutions. The migration of nurses is worrying and has reached an alarming point in recent years. This study was conducted to determine the willingness of nurses to migrate and to assess its relationship with social capital.

This was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population was all the nurses working in educational and therapeutic hospitals of Gorgan, Iran in 2021. After random stratified sampling, 503 nurses were included in the study Data were collected by Chub Basti's Desire to Emigrate Questionnaire and Putnam's Social Capital Questionnaire. The data was analyzed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics methods in SPSS-24 software and significance level was set at 0.05.

The overall score of the questionnaire of willingness to migrate (0.67 ± 0.16) was relatively higher than the average level. The greatest impact on the desire to migrate was related to the dimensions of pull factors or attraction of the origin, push or repulsion factors of the origin, pull factors or attraction of the destination, and finally related to the dimension of the desire to migrate. The average score of social capital was 2.98 ± 0.56. The general score of willingness to migrate and all its dimensions had an inverse and significant relationship with the overall score of social capital and its dimensions so that as social capital and its dimensions’ decreased, the desire to migrate was increased.

With the reduction of social capital in the nurses, the desire to migrate increases. To reduce the desire to migrate abroad, the need for increasing social and institutional trust through proper performance and solving structural problems seems essential.

Among the types of migration, the migration of expert human resources is one of the most challenging for the immigrant sender countries. With the outbreak of COVID-19 worldwide, the importance of medical staff and the need for providing sufficient human resources in the healthcare section appeared more prominent. COVID-19 along with the existing economic challenges has intensified the process of medical staff migration in Iran, one of the immigrant sender countries. Investment in the development of expert human resources requires the allocation of large material resources, and wasting the mentioned resources also means giving these experts to the destination countries for free. Identification of different dimensions and the root causes of the migration of expert human resources helps policymakers in making effective decisions. In this study, economic-occupational factors, socio-cultural factors, and obstacles to continuing education were identified as the main factors of medical staff migration.

Several factors lead to the migration of patients to other cities with large and higher quality medical centers in order to receive diagnostic and treatment services. This study aimed to find out reasons for patient migration from Sistan and Baluchestan Province to Mashhad.

This was a descriptive study that carried out in 2020. The total number of patients was 2063 and the sample size for interview using Cochran's formula was 350. Using a standard questionnaire with 37 questions, data related to patient migration were collected in five dimensions (hospital characteristics, staff, services provided, facilities and personal characteristics). Data were analyzed using SPSS23 software and t-test, One Way ANOVA.

The most common disease among immigrants was pediatric diseases with 35%. The most important migration factors from the patients' view were related to quality of services provided with an average of 4.7 (SD = 0.29), followed by the factor related to staff 4.2 (SD = 0.45).

The most important factors in migration were the quality of services and hospital staff. Paying attention to improving the quality of medical services and creating motivation and commitment in hospital staff and the spirit of respect for patients can prevent unnecessary migration to other areas.

Health workforce migration is one of the serious threats to the health system in Iran, which has grown significantly in recent years. The aim of the current research is to investigate factors associated with the emigration of human resources in the field of health in the year 2022.

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted using a survey method. The study population included students, faculty members, staff, and graduates of the Iranian universities of medical sciences. The study sample included 360 participants from medical universities involved by a non-probability, convenient sampling method. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire whose validity and reliability were evaluated and confirmed by a number of expert professors and experts in the field of health.

Out of a total of 360 participants, 170 were students and 190 were graduates or working in medical universities. 195 participants were female (54/2) and 165 were male (45/8). Associate and Bachelor’s degrees (n=118), Ph.D. (n=87), and general medical practitioner (n=77) had the largest share in the studied sample. The fields of medicine (n=89) and paramedicine (n=76) had the highest participation rate. 189  (52.5%) of the participants had a great desire to emigrate. 135 people (37.5%) of the participants even thought of working in non-specialized and lower jobs abroad. 108 people (30 %) planned to migrate or took practical action and had a definite schedule for emigration. Only 65 (18%) of the participants had the desire to return after emigration. Economic, managerial, and social welfare factors were identified as the most important factors associated with the emigration of the health workforce.

The desire to emigrate is very strong among students and health professionals, and many participants decide to emigrate due to economic and social issues. Solving the emigration problem requires a serious, comprehensive, and long-term commitment to the issue of elite management, structural and legislative reforms, meritocracy, and increasing hope in the academic community.

Health care workers especially medical groups are worthful human capital, that each community’s life depends on. Compensating for the shortage of human resources for health care requires huge time and budgets. The evidence shows that in recent years, Iranians migration trend, especially the highly educated class, have been increasing, unfortunately, most of these people do not intend to return. In this article, while analyzing the situation, the factors affecting the migration of the medical groups and its consequences are presented, and futurology and forecasting are emphasized.

Brain drain is a phenomenon that has become more widespread in recent decades. This issue is gradually becoming a crisis in Iran. Considering the importance of maintaining the elites in the country, this study endeavors to offer solutions to manage this crisis.

In this qualitative study, the opinions of experts on the issue of brain darin were received and analyzed using a crowdsourcing system. Coding method, content analysis and Maxqda10.2 qualitative data analysis software were used to analyse data.

Key results were classified into three main categories: causes of brain drain, its consequences and management strategies. Data analysis lead to extraction of three main categories including: 1) causes of elite migration with two subcategories of repulsive factors of origin and gravity of destination countries;  2) consequences of elite migration with 2 subcategories of elite migration threats and elite migration opportunities; and 3) elite migration strategies with six subcategories of accurate problem recognition, reforming the nurturing system and supporting the elites, establishing and strengthening the system of innovation, reforming the administrative system and meritocracy, promoting the status and dignity of human resources,  fulfilment of the obligationof macro-policymakers.

Elites tend to migrate due to repulsion of the country of origin and multiplicity ofattractions in the destination country. Policymakers in various fields are expected to develop clear programs and laws to manage and eliminate retention of elites and strengthen attractions to prevent the brain drain.

The present study aims to provide a model of cultural adaptation of Iranian students studying in Russian universities. This research is applied development in terms of purpose, exploratory nixed-methods in terms of data, and cross-sectional survey in nature. The statistical population of this study in the qualitative phase included experts in the field of student cultural adaptation, from whom, 29 were selected as study sample using purposive sampling. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included the medical students of the University of Sichnova in Russia in 2020, from whom, 278 were selected as a sample using random sampling. The data collection tool in the first phase was qualitative theme analysis (interview), while in the quantitative phase, questionnaires were used for data collection. To analyze the data in the qualitative phase, three steps of open, axial and selective coding were employed using Maxqda software, whereas in the quantitative phase, data analysis was based on structural equation model using Smart-PLS software. The results showed that the following factors have the greatest impact on cultural adaptation of Iranian students studying at Russian universities: individual factors, educational factors, psychological and emotional factors, cultural factors, supportive factors, social factors, communication challenges, interactive factors, previous experiences, and government and bureaucratic interventions. According to the obtained results, a model was proposed for the cultural adaptation of Iranian students studying in Russian universities.

Background & objectives:

From a long time ago, immigration has been one of the typical human reactions to the unfavorable conditions of life and a way of trying to improve conditions. In fact, immigration is a reaction of individual or family and decision to change the situation, which is often one of the greatest experiences and decisions of life. During immigration, various social, cultural and economic factors affect life and, consequently, individual eating behaviors. The aim of this study is reviewing the social, cultural and economic factors affecting the food behaviors of immigrants.

This is a review article in which Google scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct were searched to access relevant studies, by keywords including immigrant, food behavior, dietary acculturation, eating habits, social, economic and environmental factors.

In general, it seems that the effects of immigration on peoplechr('39')s eating habits and health and how to change, accept or not accept the culture and food habits are very different and many factors influence it such as personality characteristics of immigrants, socio-economic level of the individual, underlying environmental factors, level of conformity of dominant religion in both countries, the fluency level of the new language and the level of social protection of migrants in the host country.

Different social, economic and cultural factors affect the migratory food behaviors. Undoubtedly, investigating of these effects are essential in planning for improving the nutritional status of immigrants and policy making in this issue.

Migration, in addition to social, cultural, and economic consequences, undoubtedly has different psychological consequences for immigrants. These consequences can have a huge impact on their mental health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the experience of symbolic violence and its psycho-social consequences among immigrant students and to determine its final structure in research participants.

The present study is psychological qualitative research with an Interpretative phenomenological analysis approach in which fifteen migrant students consist of six girls and nine boys have been selected and studied in 2017-2018 through purposive sampling. The deep interview method was used to collect data and this process continued until the data saturation stage.

Data analysis indicated five components of symbolic violence and its psycho-social consequences in the school context. The components of symbolic violence were: violent language, social and cultural identity violence, and violence through social discrimination. The components of psychological consequences were: passive reactions, and active reactions, each of which is discussed extensively in the text.

Given that the results of this study illustrate the numerous psychological and social consequences associated with symbolic violence for immigrant students, policymaking in this area is of great importance that requires attention, recognition, and interaction between different institutions to reduce its undesirable consequences.