جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « گوتاپرکا » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The need to use a highly effective sealer in order to create a complete seal along the canal is essential for the basic treatment of tooth roots. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the sealing ability of cold ceramic and gutta-percha with sealer by applying the bacterial leakage and electrochemical method.

In this in-vitro experimental study, fifty human single-rooted teeth were selected and their crowns were cut from the cervical region. The canals were prepared and washed with 17% EDTA. Then the teeth were randomly divided into four groups: group 1 gutta-percha with AH26 sealer (Dentsply Detrey, Germany) (n=20), group 2 cold ceramic (Yazd, Iran) (n=20), negative and positive control groups which each consisted of 5 teeth. Samples were kept in an incubator at 37° C for 48 hrs. Two coats of nail polish were used for covering the root, except for the last 2 mm, and microleakage in the fillings was measured by the bacterial leakage and electrochemical methods. The microleakage of the two groups was statistically analyzed in the electrochemical technique by Student's t-test, and in the bacterial leakage method by Fisher's exact test.

In bacterial leakage method, in the first group (gutta-percha) 7 samples (35%) and in the second group (cold ceramic) 3 samples (15%) had bacterial leakage, but no significant difference was observed between the two groups on different days (P>0.05). The mean microleakage based on the electrochemical technique in gutta-percha was significantly higher than that of cold ceramic (P=0.0001).

According to the lower microleakage values in the use of cold ceramic compared to gutta-percha, cold ceramic  can be used to fill root canals to reduce microleakage, although further studies are needed.

Radiography is considered a valuable tool in endodontic procedures, and radiopacity is an essential priority in every filling material. Proper radiopacity is essential for the differentiation of filled canal from anatomic structures and surrounding tissues. Moreover, proper radiopacity should be independent from characteristics, such as material thickness and its solubility in variable fluids (e.g., saliva). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM), three types of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), gutta-percha, and dentin using digital radiography.

Five disc-shaped specimens (with a diameter and thickness of 10 and 1 mm, respectively) were fabricated from each material, including Angelus MTA, MTA+, Root MTA, CEM, dentin, and gutta-percha. After setting the materials, digital radiographs were taken using graduated aluminum step wedge. The radiopacity was assessed using the software ImageJ (version 1.49). For statistical analysis, analysis of variance and Tukey’s test were used at a significance level of 0.05. 

Root MTA and gutta-percha presented the highest radiopacity equal to approximately 4 mm of aluminum; however, dentin showed the lowest MAT reported as 0.7 mm of aluminum. Three types of MTA did not demonstrate a significant difference in radiopacity with each other and gutta-percha. The mean of CEM radiopacity was significantly lower than those reported for MTA types and gutta-percha.

Angelus MTA, MTA+, and Root MTA show the optimum radiopacity according to international standards; nevertheless, the radiopacity of CEM is lower than the optimum standard of 3 mm of aluminum.

Accurate diagnosis of vertical root fracture (VRF) is a fundamental importance in endodontics. Because of poor prognosis of VRF, digital radiographs with two horizontal angles have limitations in VRF detection. Also, Gutta-percha can produce artifacts that impair CBCT scan accuracy. The aim of this study was to compare accuracy of CBCT and digital radiography system in vertical root fracture in endodentically treated teeth.

In this study, 60 endodentically treated single teeth were selected and randomly coded. The teeth were divided into two groups: 30 with induced root fracture and 30 with no fracture. CBCT scan and digital radiographs with two horizontal angles with a difference of fifteen degrees for all teeth were performed. Two observers assessed the CBCT images and digital radiographies for presence of VRF. The statistical analysis used in this study was Weighted Kappa.

CBCT had the highest sensivity (75.8) and specificity (90). Digital radiography with 68.3 sensitivity and 79.1 specificity were not as efficient as CBCT (P<0.05).

According to this study, the accuracy of CBCT seems to be higher than that of digital radiography in detecting VRF and provides the most reliable data in comparison of digital radiography.

 The success of the rehabilitation of the orthogonoid depends on the cleansing and adequate formation of the intact areas of the root canal system. For better removal of root canal fill materials, various methods and methods have been proposed, including manual files, ultrasonic instruments, lasers, rotary instruments NiTi. D-Race as one of the widely used instrument provides a twisted-shaped design when visualized by using light microscopes. In this experimental study, 45 adult single-channel premolar teeth with adult roots were collected and kept for two years. The teeth were disinfected by using 2.5% hypochlorite for one hour. The crown of the teeth were cut to CEJ by high speed diamond milling under water flow. The roots were cut to a length of 15mm and the samples were randomly distributed into three groups: 1- XP-F rotary file alone, 2- XP-F rotary file along with NaOCl, 3- XP-F rotary file with chlorohexidine. The study revealed a positive effect of solvent on removal of gutta-percha and sealer in the D-Race systems while, there were no significant differences in NaOCl and chlorohexidine in removing residual gutta-percha or sealer. Moreover, the results showed that the amount of residual gutta-percha or sealer in the middle (M) and coronal (C) slices is significantly lower than that of apical (A) slice. The results showed that XP-F rotary is an efficient retreatment files for removing residual gutta-percha and sealer.

Gutta percha is a common material used filling root canal and recently made with various tapering. The aim of present study is evaluating the effects of tapering of master cone on marginal adaptation of curvature canal prepared using nickel- titanium rotary instruments.
in this in vitro study 45 mandibular molar teeth selected with two canals and separated apical foramen while curved more than 20 degree based on using (%2¡%4¡%6) master cone taper¡ then divided in three experimental groups of 15. After preparation with %6 of rotary files to 30 apical areas¡ the root filled by cold lateral condensation technique and AH plus sealer¡ and from each sample¡ four section of 1mm were cut from the apex by sectioned instrument and used SEM for investigation. The data were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) and Kurskal- Wallis test in significant level P After observation under SEM¡ the mean area of space in group A filled with %2 taper found significant difference between sections where the smallest in the first section and the largest space was in the third section¡ and difference in group B filled with %4 taper were significant between sections where the largest area of space was in the second section and smallest in third one. The difference in group C filled with %6 taper was not significant: the largest area of space was in the second section and smallest in first one.
According to the finding of present study using various taper of gutta percha for filling including %2 taper gutta percha is superior to marginal fitting in the end of apex required apical seal.

Penetration of injectable gutta percha into the root canals is of utmost importance in success of endodontic treatment and is related to the composition, phase and flow of gutta percha. The aim of this study was to evaluate the penetration depth of gutta percha into the simulated root canals using #60 and #80 flow rates by Beefill system.
This in vitro experimental study was done on 48 artificial canals created in the form of a semicircle in a bovine femur. The canals were prepared using FlexMaster rotary instruments according to the manufacturer’s instructions for narrow canals and filled with gutta percha and sealer using BeeFill #60 and #80 flow rates at 180°C with 0.6-mm applicator tips. Digital images were taken from the root fillings and the root filling penetration depths were determined for each sample. The data were statistically analyzed by student t-test.
The mean penetration depths of thermo-plasticized gutta percha were 2.58mm and 4.83mm for #60 and #80 BeeFill flow rates, respectively. The difference between the two rates was not statistically significant (P=0.69).
Both #60 and #80 BeeFill flow rates provided almost similar penetration depth of gutta percha in the artificial root canals.

Remaining of previous filling materials on the root canal walls can be stated as one of the reasons for retreatment failure. Chemical solvents are used for better  removal of the remaining materials. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two solvents including Carvene and Chloroform in retreatment of root canals filled with Gutta-percha.

In this experimental in vitro study, 50 extracted human anterior teeth were prepared using step back technique and filled with Gutta-percha and AH26 using lateral condensation method. The teeth were divided into two groups of 25 and were retreated with Carvene and Chloroform. Bucco-lingual sections were prepared, the degree of remnant materials was evaluated by stereomicroscope and digital images were obtained. The amounts of Gutta-percha and sealer debris remnants on the one-third of the apical, middle and coronal areas of root canal were seperately calculated by Matlab software. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software (ver 16) applying t-test.

As the study results indicated, no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in regard with amount of the remained material between the two groups in one-third of the apical, middle and coronal. The mean of retreatment time for Chloroform and Carvene was 8.3 and 4 minutes respectively, which the difference was held to be statistically significant (P=0.000).

Although the chemical solvents (Chloroform and Carvene) were demonstrated to be similar in removing the Gutta-percha and sealer, Chloroform performed this action in a shorter period of time.

After cleaning and shaping of the root canal, to prevent recontamination and to ensure the success of root canal therapy, it is necessary to fill root canal space. Studies, so far, have not been able to identify a specific method as the best method of obturation. The present study was an attempt to introduce and compare different root canal obturation techniques. In this review, using specific key words such as root canal obturation, root canal filling materials and gutta-percha, search was run in Pubmed, Cochrane and ISI Web of Science databases for high-quality articles published from 1960 to 2013. There are several methods to obturate the root canal system, designed based on the use of plastic materials, injectable materials, single cones, or compaction of gutta-percha. A brief review of each technique and its advantages and disadvantages were discussed. The reasons for choosing the cold lateral compaction technique as a frequently used and the selected technique by many dentists as well as academic centers were explained. Considering the advantages and disadvantages and long-term outcomes of root canal obturation techniques, it seems cold lateral compaction is the selected root canal filling technique in the majority of cases.

Coronal seal is as important as the quality of root canal therapy in treatment success. This study aimed to compare the coronal microleakage of canals filled with Resilon and gutta percha with a glass ionomer coronal barrier. In this experimental study، the crowns of 64 single-rooted human premolar teeth were cut at the level of CEJ. Root canals were prepared using rotary ProTaper files. The teeth were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups (n=14) and 2 positive and negative control groups (n=8). Root canals of experimental group specimens were filled with gutta percha (groups 1 and 2) or Resilon (groups 3 and 4) using lateral condensation technique. The roots of negative control specimens were filled and all teeth surfaces were sealed with sticky wax. Root canals of positive controls were filled without the application of sealer. Glass ionomer coronal barrier was placed at the orifices in groups 2 and 4. Microleakage of Streptococcus faecalis was evaluated during 90 days. Data were analyzed using Chi square، Log-Rank and Tukey’s tests. The degree of microleakage was less in groups with GI coronal barrier. However، this difference was not statistically significant (P>0. 05). Time to microleakage in gutta percha+ coronal barrier and Resilon+ coronal barrier groups was significantly less than that in gutta percha and Resilon groups، respectively (P=0. 03). Within the limitations of this study، microleakage occurred in all groups but glass ionomer acted as an effective barrier.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of different thicknesses of orthograde MTA plugs in comparison with 5 mm gutta-percha. Fifty extracted single rooted human teeth were collected. After root canal preparation, the samples were randomly divided into 4 experimental (n=10) and two control groups (n=5). In group 1, the apical 5 mm of the canals were obturated using laterally condensed gutta-percha and sealer AH26. Groups 2, 3 and 4 received 2, 3 and 4-mm thick orthograde MTA plug, respectively. Thereafter, the coronal portion of specimens was exposed to the microbial solution containing streptococcus sanguis and the root tips were placed in phenol red lactose broth. The color changes were observed within 60 days. The data were analyzed with Fisher exact test. The leakage was found in all samples (100%) in group 1 and 72.7%, 30.8% and 50% of the samples in groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Significant difference was found between 3 mm thickness of MTA plug and gutta percha and sealer (P=0.02). According to the findings, it seems that 3 mm thickness of orthograde MTA plug had better sealing ability than the other thicknesses of MTA plug as well as the 5 mm of gutta-percha.

Root canal obturation is a critical factor in success or failure of a root canal treatment. The material used for root canal obturation must be able to provide a perfect seal. This study aimed to compare the ability of gutta-percha/AH26 and resilon/epiphany to prevent apical microleakage. To conduct this experimental study, 32 extracted single root human teeth were used. Crowns of the teeth were cut and root canals were instrumented using hand K-file in a step-back manner. Smear layer was removed by irrigation with 17% EDTA for 1 minute. The samples were randomly divided into two similar groups and were filled with gutta-percha/AH26 or resilon/epiphany. The specimens were placed in 2% methylene blue solution for 48 hours. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally and the leakage was measured in a linear fashion from apex to crown by stereomicroscope. Data were evaluated by t-test. Based on the study data, there was no statistically significant difference between Gutta- percha/AH26 and Epiphany/Resilon groups (p>0.05). Considering no significant difference between microleakage of gutta-percha and resilon, resilon could be considered as a suitable root filling material after conducting further studies about its physical, chemical, and biologic properties.

By the advancements in root canal filling systems، a new sealer namely Epiphany self-etch sealer (Pentron Clinical Technologies، LLC، Wallingford، CT، USA) was recently introduced to the market that does not require self-etching primer application prior to the use of sealer. On the other hand، dentin surface conditioning with various irrigation solutions can cause chemical and structural dentinal changes. The present study sought to assess the effect of EDTA (final irrigation with distilled water or chlorhexidine) and MTAD on coronal microleakage in root canals filled with Resilon/Epiphany self-etch or AH Plus/Gutta Percha obturation materials.

In this ex-vivo study، a total of 140 extracted single rooted human teeth were selected and irrigated with 1. 3% sodium hypochlorite during preparation. Samples were divided into 6 test groups and 2 positive and negative control groups. Smear layer was removed by EDTA and final irrigation with distilled water in groups 1 and 4، by EDTA and final irrigation with 2% chlorhexidine in groups 2 and 5 and by MTAD in groups 3 and 6. In groups 1، 2 and 3 canals were filled with AH Plus sealer and Gutta Percha while in groups 4، 5 and 6 canals were filled with Resilon and Epiphany self-etch sealer using lateral condensation method. After placing samples in a split-chamber and sterilizing them، the coronal part of teeth was contaminated with human saliva. Samples were controlled daily for 60 days. Chi square test، survival analysis and log-rank test were used for data analysis.

Nine samples (45%) in group 1، 14 samples (70%) in group 2، 18 samples (90%) in group 3، 13 samples (65%) in group 4، 7 samples (35%) in group 5 and 13 samples (65%) in group 6 had microleakage after 60 days. Difference in resistance against microleakage between groups 1 and 3 and also 3 and 5 was statistically significant.

MTAD does not have a negative impact on sealing properties of Resilon/Epiphany self-etch sealer but EDTA can be an appropriate dentin conditioner before using AH Plus sealer and Gutta Percha. Also، Chlorhexidine can be a good final irrigant in root canals that are going to be filled with Epiphany self-etch sealer/Resilon.

Adequate retention of the post is a prerequisite for the clinical success which might be affected by the type of root canal filling material. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effects of gutta-percha and Resilon on retention of quartz fiber posts. In this experimental study, 44 maxillary central incisors were sectioned at the CEJ level and prepared endodontically using ProTaper rotary files. The specimens were then randomly assigned into two experimental groups (n=22): group R, the root canals obturated with Resilon; and group G, the root canals obturated with gutta-percha. After preparing the post space and insertion of quartz fiber posts, the coronal 10 mm of the root was sectioned perpendicular to the long axis to produce disks of 2.3 mm thickness.Then the specimens were submitted to the push-out test (1mm/min) using a universal testing machine. The data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test. There was a significant difference between the retention of posts in groups R (7.08±5.1) and G (4.8±3.3) (P=0.04). Quartz fiber posts showed significantly higher retention in teeth obturated with Resilon compared to those obturated with gutta-percha.

The goal of nonsurgical retreatment is the removal of all filling materials to completely disinfect the whole root canal space. Recently Resilon obturating system has been introduced as a root canal filling material. To compare Gutta-percha and Resilon removal، using ProTaper rotary files with chloroform or heat in endodontic retreatment. This experimental study was performed on sixty-four human single-canal lower jaw extracted premolars at Dental School، Qazvin University of Medical Sciences during 2010. Following separating teeth crowns from the cementoenamel junction، canals were instrumented using step-back technique with k-files. Later، the extracted teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 16 teeth. Canals were obturated with either gutta-percha/AH26 (groups 1،2) or Resilon/Epiphany (groups 3،4). Retreatment for groups 1 and 3 was performed with ProTaper system and heat and for groups 2 and 4 with ProTaper system and chloroform using crown-down technique. Once the retreatment procedure was completed and justified، roots were sectioned longitudinally and examined under stereomicroscope. Data were analyzed using T-test، Kruskal-Wallis، and Mann-Whitney tests. In all groups، some filling materials (core material and sealer) were seen on the canal walls. Although، amount of Gutta-Percha/AH26 and Resilon/Epiphany system residue were similar، the amount of residual materials in group 4 was significantly more than other groups (P<0. 05). Furthermore، the amount of residual materials in group 3 was more than group 1 in the coronal third of canals (P<0. 05). The time required to remove filling material in group 2 was significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0. 05). According to our findings، Resilon، like Gutta-percha، is re-treatable. However، none of these two materials could be completely removed from root canal walls.

Statement of Problems: Minimum length of the root end filling material and pulling out of gutta-percha during post space preparation is one of the complications of post insertion in the short root teeth with short root.

The aim of this study was to investigate the coronal leakage of Enterococcus Faecalis in the short root teeth with short root filled with Gutta-Percha and Mineral trioxide aggregate plug. Method and Material: In this in vitro study, 40 single-root extracted human teeth with a root length of 13 mm of root length were selected. Due to the shortnes of the root, 3 mm was considered for canal filling material and 10 mm for the required post space was considered. In order to prepare the canal, filing was done to size 50, using step back technique. No 2, 3 and 4 Gates Glidden was used for post space preparation.The teeth were divided into two experimental groups (Gutta-Percha, MTA) randomly. 15 Fifteen teeth were filled with Gutta-Percha and AH26 sealer using lateral compaction, and then post space was prepared immediately in a wayso that only 3mm of Gutta-Percha remained in the apical part. The other 15 teeth were filled with 3mm MTA plug. Then, ten 10 teeth were used in the positive and negative control groups. In In the positive control group, the teeth were filled with master cone and nowithout sealer and in the negative control group, the teeth were filled with Gutta-Percha and AH26 sealer using lateral compaction.. The working length was 13mm and the coronal parts of the roots was were sealed with stick wax. After the setting time of the filling material, Enterococcus Faecalis was injected into the canals and the teeth were kept in this environment for 120 days. Then, the time of turbidity of each specimens was recorded. Finally, the data were analyzed with using Fisher Exact test.

In the Gutta-Percha group, all the specimens showed leakage between during days 12-35. In the MTA group, leakage was observed in only four specimens between during day 74-113. The positive control group showed leakage in all the specimens during 2 days. none None of the specimens in the negative control group leaked. There was Statistically a statistically significant difference between Gitta-percha and MTA groups (p < 0.001).

Based of on the results of this study, the sealing ability of MTA is better than Gutta-Percha as an ortograde root filling material prepared for post insertion in the teeth with minimum length of root.

Gutta-percha has been the most widely used root canal filing material because of its well-known low toxicity. A new kind of gutta-percha with nanosilver coating has been synthesized by Iranian researchers and claimed to have antibacterial an antifungal properties. The aim of this study was to compare the cyotoxicity of nanosilver coated gutta-percha, GuttaFlow (GF), and normal gutta-percha (GP) on mouse fibroblast cell line L929.

In this in vitro investigation, cytotoxicity was evaluated by fibroblast cell culture and its direct contact with test materials. 30 prepared specimens of each material inserted in test tubes and cell survival fraction was estimated by MTT test after 1hour, 24 hour, and 1 week. Two way ANOVA, one way ANOVA and Tukey HSD were used for statistical analysis.

After 1 hour, cytotoxicity of 3 test materials was significantly different. Nanosilver coated gutta-percha had the highest cytotoxicity and GuttaFlow the lowest one (P<0.01). After 24 hour, no significant differences were observed (P=0.37). After 1 week, GuttaFlow showed significantly higher cytotoxicity than normal gutta-percha and nanosilver gutta-percha (P<0.001). However, this difference was not significant between nanosilver and normal gutta-percha (P>0.05).

In nanosilver gutta-percha group, the most cytotoxicity was observed after 1 hour while it was decreased with time and became equal to normal gutta-percha after 24 hours and after 1 week, it reached the lowest level among 3 test materials.

Apical leakage of tissue fluids around root canal space was cited as the most common cause of root canal treatment failures, for which, fillings of root canal with root filling materials was suggested to achieve adequate apical seal and to prevent leakage. Due to the importance of adequate apical seal, different root canal filling materials were developed and used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare bacterial apical leakage through root canal filling materials of Resilon, GuttaFlow and Gutta-Percha with AH26 sealer. In this in vitro experimental study, 55 single-rooted teeth with healthy roots meeting the study inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided in 3 experimental groups each containing 15 specimens and 2 positive and negative control groups each with 5 samples. The teeth crown were sectioned near the CEJ, the teeth canals were instrumented with step- back technique while group 1 was obturated with Gutta-Percha, and group 2 with Resilon using a cold condensation technique. Group 3 was obturated with GuttaFlow as recommended by manufacturer. Two-chamber bacterial methods were used to assess bacterial apical leakage by means of Enterococcus Faecalis bacterium during a 60 days time interval. The data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier test. In root canals filled with Resilon, the median of the day in which leakage was occurred was 17, in Gutta-Percha specimens it was 18 and in canals filled with GuttaFlow the median was 19. 93.3% of the roots filled with each Resilon or Gutta-Percha showed apical bacterial leakage during 60 days while in canals filled with GuttaFlow, the leakage was observed in 80%. Kaplan-Meier test showed no significant differences comparing the day in which the leakage was occurred or the overall incidence of leakage in three materials. Under the conditions of the present study, three root canal filling materials showed similar rates of apical bacterial leakage as no significant statistical differences were noted among them.