رویا شاکری

Export and its improvement for small and medium enterprises is an important and central issue as a tool to achieve the desired economic growth and sustainable development. One of the success levers of these industries is entrepreneurial export, in this regard, due to the importance of human resources, it is vital to formulate a career path that fits this issue, and the absence of it, these organizations suffer a significant decrease in exports. In this regard, this research was carried out with the aim of developing a model for improving the export of entrepreneurs in small and medium industries in Iran with the approach of developing a career path in Iran. This research was carried out using a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) that extracted 21 components of the desired model in the qualitative part and using content analysis, interviews with 21 experts, and determining the relationship between indicators to achieve the model in the quantitative part. It was done by relying on the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The qualitative and quantitative data analysis of the research resulted in an eight-level model, the most effective component of this model being the eighth level of job prospects, and the most effective components were the ability to sell an idea or product and a strong understanding of the conditions of the exporting entrepreneur's organization.

The emergence of the knowledge-based economy and, as a result, the increase in the importance of categories such as knowledge, innovation, and technology has increased the focus on concepts such as knowledge management, technology management, and innovation management. This article examines the existing articles and the researches that have been done in relation to the integration of the three areas of knowledge management, innovation and technology, in order to provide a conceptual model for integrating these three areas, which while covering the characteristics of each of these managements, from waste Organizational resources resulting from the overlapping of knowledge management, innovation and technology and their confrontation with each other should be prevented. First, a systematic literature review was conducted in which a wide range of related articles were searched from 1980 to 2021. Then, metacombination method was used to code the findings from previous researches and combine them with each other. At this stage, Perish and MAXQDA software were used for coding. In this study, more than 220 codes were assigned to data units. Then 220 codes were analyzed and similar codes were aggregated. Finally, 24 codes were obtained which were called basic codes. In the next stage, the basic themes of classification and the following five organizing themes were extracted: the principles of innovation-knowledge management, the enablers of innovation-knowledge management, the routine and creation of a culture of integration, the infrastructure of integration, the mechanisms of integration. Finally, a conceptual model is proposed that explains the relationship between these areas and how they interact and overlap, and solutions to integrate them

The purpose of this study is to identify the competencies required by quality management professionals to comply with the requirements of industry 4. The researcher has tried to examine the expected changes in industry 4 from four aspects; Identify the factory (people and process), business, product and customers, technical, methodological, social and personal competencies of quality specialists to enter the industry. This is a qualitative study and with the method of content analysis, semi-structured interviews conducted with sixteen quality managers and human resource managers of companies receiving different levels of excellence in manufacturing in 1400, analysis and basic themes. Organizing themes and themes were identified. The findings show that quality professionals need technical competence to interpret big data related to processes to make strategic decisions, use digital technologies, and be aware of data security risk. Methodological competencies will be required to use the data to identify the source of problems, access to reliable learning resources, and the ability to use new tools to effectively solve complex problems. Social competencies in inter-organizational communication, communication with suppliers and customers on new shared virtual platforms, along with the ability to maintain tacit and explicit knowledge in a decentralized environment that requires leadership ability to make decisions, will be essential. . Ability to perform job duties in flexible workplaces at flexible times, as well as adaptation to frequent work-related changes are among the personal competencies required..

In the management literature, understanding the predictors of innovation performance has become an important and ongoing research effort. Despite the efforts made in recent years, the research results do not have the necessary convergence. Therefore, it is necessary to provide models based on special contexts for different types of knowledge-based companies in different geographical regions of the country. According to the qualitative method of the current research based on the techniques of the theme network and structural-interpretive modeling, the number of samples of the theme analysis section based on the number of people interviewed is equal to 16 CEOs and members of the board of directors of knowledge companies. They are type 2 production bases. Qualitative data with conventional content analysis method and through the systematic process of coding analysis and analysis in the form of 53 basic themes and 7 organizing themes including; Financing, commercialization (strategy, resources and capabilities), networking, government, intellectual capital (team building and creative thinking), knowledge management, technology and marketing, and the cultural background of society and the overall theme of category innovation performance. They were tied. Finally, based on the structural-interpretive modeling method, the identified organizing themes were placed in 5 levels. The findings of the research are in harmony with researches that in recent years have placed special emphasis on the innovation performance of small and medium-sized knowledge-based companies, as well as in harmony with the attitude of Gupta et al. (2007) The innovation of knowledge-based production companies, affected by the factors present at both levels; company, and the macro environment.

The aim of this research was to identify the predictors of human resource outsourcing in Iran's agricultural sector using a Meta-Synthesis Approach. The research method is developmental and mixed research (qualitative-quantitative) and based on the method of data collection, documentation and correlation.The research population in the first stage included all the research in the field of outsourcing from 2000 to 2020, and in the second stage, there were 750 managers and experts of the Agricultural Research and Training Organization. The sample size was obtained by simple random sampling method and according to Cochran's formula. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose reliability was 0/93 through Cronbach's alpha Was obtained. After refining the articles, finally, 44 scientific articles that directly addressed the issue of human resources outsourcing entered the analysis stage in MAXQDA software. After the integration stage, 44 distinct codes were identified and among the identified codes, cost reduction strategy codes with 8 references, formulation of supplier selection criteria with 6 references, creation of internal organizational capacity with 4 references, organizational culture with 4 references, monitoring, evaluation suppliers with 4 references, knowledge management with 3 references, reforming the employment system, training and improving human resources with 3 references, re-engineering human resources processes with an emphasis on improving quality with 3 references, improving productivity with 3 references, networking (collaboration external organizations) with 3 references, upstream policies and documents with 2 references and senior management support with 1 reference respectively had the highest number of references in research texts.

Cell production is one of the most important applications of group technology that forms production cells in such a way that each family of parts in a cell is processed by a certain group of machines related to that cell (machine cell). In order to have a suitable and coherent plan for a good and quality production, two important steps in production planning should be taken: sequence of operations and scheduling. Sequencing of operations and scheduling is a decision-making process that takes place by allocating resources over time to execute a set of activities in order to optimize one or more objectives. In fact, the main goal in operation sequence scheduling problems is determining the sequence of tasks and allocating resources to tasks in such a way that one or more objectives are optimized. In the proposed model, we intend to design an integrated model of cell formation with cell arrangement and operation scheduling in the cell production system and assigning operators with the aim of minimizing the time to complete the work in addition to paying attention to the non-overlapping of cells and specifying the position. Regarding machines, let's determine the optimal arrangement of the cells independently in our modeling and specify the optimal placement of the cells together. In this research, after nonlinear mathematical modeling and data collection and measurement, the problem is solved by a genetic algorithm, and finally, the best-proposed layout will be selected among the 3 existing scenarios according to the created cost.

Supporting technological projects with commercialization capability in the field of strategic and priority technologies of the country for the development of knowledge-based economy and meeting the strategic needs of the country is on the agenda.The purpose of the current research is to present and validate the model of predictors of commercialization performance of product-oriented technological projects.

The current research is a qualitative research and thematic analysis strategy is used in it. The statistical population of this research was the owners (inventors) of 62 technological designs with patents. Based on the purposeful sampling method and in accordance with the principle of theoretical saturation, 26 members of the statistical population were interviewed along with 8 officials and managers of the growth center. The data of the interviews were analyzed during three stages of basic, organizing and comprehensive coding.

Qualitative data after analysisin the form of 53 basic themes and 8 organizing themes including; Marketing management, financing, commercialization strategy, dynamic resources and capabilities, network-building, government, intellectual capital, knowledge and technology management, cultural background of the society and the comprehensive theme of commercialization performance of technological projects were categorized.

Considering the effectiveness of the commercialization of product-oriented technological projects from both the company level and the macro environment, emphasizing the prominent role of the government, the importance of policy making in the field of government support in various areas of financing, providing financial facilities, providing a physical space for the establishment and growth of technology units, adopting special support policies with a special focus on the province, and facilitating the environment for technology businesses from various legal aspects, issuing licenses, creating culture, etc. for activity the technological plans of Kurdistan province are vital.

Transparency is a set of organizational practices that promotes good governance and democratic processes in the organization. If it is implemented in the organization, it improves the decision-making process and makes the process of organizational decisions constructive and effective. Therefore, this study aimed to explain the effective factors of transparency in the strategic decision-making of health system managers.

This exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) study was conducted based on an applied research method. In the qualitative part, the statistical population includes managers and faculty members at Ilam University of Medical Sciences. The snowball method was used for sampling. Moreover, semi-structured interviews were used to collect information in this part. Based on the rule of theoretical saturation, 17 interviews were conducted. Furthermore, Grounded Theory was employed to analyze the data in the qualitative part. In the quantitative part, the purpose was the model testing designed in the qualitative part. Accordingly, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the qualitative model was used to collect the information in this part. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the research included 250 managers and faculty members of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. Structural equations and PLS (volume 2) software were used to investigate the relationships and effects of the components in the model.

According to the findings of the qualitative part, 27 concepts and 4 final components or indicators, (managers' responsibility, employee participation, moral values, as well as information and communication management) were identified during three stages of open, central, and selective coding. The findings of the quantitative part revealed that managers' responsibility (with a coefficient of 0.546 and t-value of 3.058), employee participation (with a coefficient of 0.548 and a t-value of 3.789), moral values (with a coefficient of 0.618 and a t-value of 3.019), as well as information and communication management (with a coefficient of 0.764 and a t-value of 3.76)  have a positive and significant relationship with organizational transparency.

According to the research findings, it can be stated that the most effective factors in increasing organizational transparency in the strategic decision-making of health system managers of Ilam University of Medical Sciences are attention to information and communication management, institutionalization of moral values, employee participation, and managers' responsibility.

Medical or therapeutic biology is dedicated to the development of research tools, diagnosis, development and delivery of drugs and vaccines through the use of cellular systems or processes and biological molecules. A very important strategic choice of companies in the biological drug industry is technology trading strategy. Independent commercialization strategy is recognized as one of the trade drugs in the world. The purpose of the present study is to identify predictions for the performance of independent commercialization strategy in Iran's biological industry using a comprehensive method. In this method, after the filtering of the articles, finally 42 studies that directly addressed the performance of independent commercialization in biological drugs entered the analysis phase of the Maxicioda software. After the combination of 68 distinct passwords, and at higher abstraction levels of the passwords in the form of 9 themes (strategic orientation, technology commercialization intelligence, R&D capability, product development knowledge integration, commercialization (production and marketing), The state -supporting mechanism of government and ownership regimes, formal integration and environmental dynamics were set. In order to construct the conceptual model of the research, they were extracted based on the component output, predictive structures of independent trading strategy, how the structures communication, and their measurement indicators were extracted. The validity of the proposed model based on the country's biotechnology experts with the Lavos content validity method and the minimum square minimum technique is: Independent commercial strategy performance predictions with a 91% determination coefficient include: Official integrity and integrity. Innovation, strategic orientation, technology commercialization, R&D capability, production capability and marketing.

Extensive literature on strategic agility in organizations has been presented. Each of the thinkers in this field has pointed to one of the dimensions and aspects of strategic agility, but so far a comprehensive framework of strategic agility anabler factors and the relationship between them in the businesses of information technology knowledge based firms has not been provided. In this research, first, based on the content analysis approach through semi-structured interviews with managers of knowledge-based companies in the field of information and communication technology and computer software, basic and organizer themes identified and in the next step with Using structural-interpretive modeling methodology, the levels of enablers were extracted in a framework consisting of seven factors and five levels, and finally the type of variables was determined according to the effectiveness of other variables in MICMAC analysis. The results show that the effective leadership factor with the degree of influence of seven is the most important enabler of strategic agility of knowledge-based IT businesses. The variables of effective leadership, strategic foresight and resources in accordance with the VRIN framework were included in the cluster of key/independent variables. Clusters of linked variables include; Absorption capacity, technological capability and organizational ambidexterity are that have high impact power and effectiveness. The team entrepreneurship orientation variable was included in the cluster of dependent variables with the least impact on other variables.

Medical or therapeutic biotechnology is the development of research tools, the diagnosis, development and delivery of drugs and vaccines through the use of cellular systems or processes and biological molecules. A very important strategic choice of technology-oriented enterprises in the biopharmaceutical industry is the commercialization strategy. The strategy of purchasing and merging as one of the strategies for commercialization and biomedical drugs has been less considered and researched in the research literature than other strategies. The purpose of this study is to design a comprehensive model of commercialization strategy, merge and acquisition in the country's biopharmaceutical industry based on a consecutive qualitative-quantitative mixed approach. To analyze the research literature, the meta synthesis method and to content validation of the proposed model, the group modeling technique based on the opinion of experts and in a small part based on the survey strategy and the partial least squares technique have been used. The results showed that among the seven categories of predictors, including; Resource complementarity, information asymmetry, experience of alliance between buyer and purchased company, related purchasing experience, cultural, geographical, and business proximity, knowledge and resource transfer (functional, operational, and managerial) and integration process and performance category as The consequence of this strategy, in the bio-pharmaceutical industry of the country, the only issue is the complementarity of resources for companies active in this industry as a predictor.

Relying on the knowledge based economy of the developing countries is the escape route, and in the meantime, the hope for the innovation of the knowledge-based companies as one of the most important actors in this field has been hoped for. The aim of this study is to identify the determinants of innovation performance of knowledge-based companies using a meta-synthesis method. In line with this method, after filtering the articles, 140 researchers who directly addressed the issue of innovation performance of these companies finally entered the analysis stage in Maxqda software. After the integration step, 110 distinct codes are identified, and among the identified codes, codes; Absorption capacity with 10 references; Knowledge management with 9 citations, organizational networks with 8 citations and organizational learning with 7 citations had the highest number of citations in research texts, respectively. At higher abstraction levels, codes are in the form of 13 concepts and ultimately in the form of 7 topics (innovation context, government, networking, knowledge capital management, organizational dichotomy, competitive strategy and firm science, technology and innovation system (STI). Division and were presented in the framework of three-dimensional model.

Since companies are the main platform for innovation in a country, they are always considered as one of the most important pillars of economic growth in countries. This irreplaceable role has led policymakers to pay special attention to removing barriers to innovation and preparing the ground for corporate growth and prosperity. Therefore, recognizing the factors affecting the innovation performance of the enterprise is very important. However, despite a number of experimental studies to identify the specific characteristics of innovative companies In most of the research conducted in this field, researchers have only considered one or more limited factors to investigate their effects on enterprise innovation. More limited research has attempted to provide more general frameworks and models for classifying the many factors that can affect enterprise innovation, and the results do not converge. However, research is ongoing, and researchers are emphasizing the nature of innovation-related contexts (both internal and external contexts) and recommending models with contextual requirements that naturally describe the more limited power conditions. Theoretical foundations and background of innovation performance research findings by Wei and colleagues (2020) show that manufacturing companies with higher welfare than employees have better innovation performance, which is measured by the number of patents, and this positive relationship is mainly reflected in the quality of innovation and not in its quantity.
Using data from advanced Chinese manufacturing companies from 2016 to 2018, Douan et al. (2020) found that with the help of the panel data model, the innovation performance increased by increasing the potential surplus capacity and available surplus capacity. Advanced technology firms show an initial upward trend and then a downward trend. Conversely, by increasing the recoverable surplus capacity, the performance of innovation in these firms shows a downward trend and then a growing trend. In addition, the mediating role of adsorption capacity variable in this study has been tested. The findings showed that the excess capacity available could affect the innovation performance of manufacturing companies with advanced technology through the realized (actual) absorption capacity.

The present research is analytical-descriptive in terms of the research method and the research data are collected and analyzed using a Meta synthesis method. The statistical population of the present study is all research published in reputable domestic and foreign scientific databases that have been surveyed based on keywords defined to achieve an example that leads to theoretical saturation. Thus, the sampling method in this study was theoretical sampling. The main steps of the transcendental technique from the point of view of Sandlowski and Barlows (2007). Findings and presentation of research model In the final stage of the analysis, the results of the analysis and the extraction pattern are presented. As mentioned, in this study, 13 concepts and at a higher level, 7 categories were identified as determinants of innovation performance of knowledge-based companies and their quality test was also confirmed. In this step, the resulting research model is presented at the level of topics (categories) and with the expansion at the level of concepts. Due to the compatibility and semantic and conceptual compatibility of the extracted categories with the Mirzaei three-branch model, therefore, the proposed model is presented in the form of Figure (2). In the proposed model, 7 identified issues are shown separately in three branches (texture, structure and behavior). Innovative contextual context with two concepts (internal contextual factors and external contextual factors) in contextual context; Government issues with the concept (macro policy) and networking with the concept (networking and open innovation) in the branch of structure, and in the branch of behavior; Knowledge Leadership Intellectual Capital with Concepts (Strategic Management of Knowledge, and Leadership and Management of Intellectual Capital) And the firm's science, technology, and innovation systems are embedded in concepts (innovation management, research and development management, and strategic management of technological capabilities.

In the present study, all published research was searched until 2020. Finally, 140 appropriate researches were selected as the analysis source and after the analysis process with Max Kioda software, 110 distinct codes were identified. Among these codes, absorption capacity with 10 references; Knowledge management with 9 citations, organizational networks with 8 citations, and organizational learning with 7 citations had the highest number of citations, respectively. The codes identified at the higher level formed the concepts that identified 13 distinct concepts. Among these concepts, strategic knowledge management with 16 codes was identified, as well as internal contextual and leadership factors and strategic management of intellectual capital with 12 codes had the highest number of codes. Eventually, concepts formed at a higher level of abstraction of subjects (categories). In this research, 7 categories were identified, which are presented in the final model of the research in the form of Mirzaei three-branch model.

The purpose of this study was to provide a model for formulating human resource outsourcing strategies in the public sector of Iran. A case study of the Organization for Agriculture Research, Education and Promotion. Qualitative research method of the data -based strategy and research field, including managers, experts and participants, were selected through theoretical sampling. Field research and interview tools were used to collect data in the field of action. The results showed that the conditions affecting the outsourcing of human resource activities in the field of recruitment and education, a total of 4 central codes, including the recruitment and training system of human resources; reduction in costs; Quality of recruitment, education, productivity, and contextual conditions including the development of offshore partnerships; Creating intra -organizational capacity and macro policies of the country as well as interventionist conditions including weakness of culture; Lack of support caused by ignorance; Weakness of supervision and control; The lack of valid and experienced educational institutions is the weakness of the organization. Also, strategies adopted by Human Resources Activities, a total of 5 pivotal culture of culture; Improvement of the structure of human resources; Careful in selecting educational institutions and informing managers and continuous monitoring as well as consequences including reducing costs; The weakness of the human resources was the training and recruitment sector and the quality of training and services. In the final model section, 12 components were presented.

The biopharmaceutical industry has several notable characteristics such as high R&D costs of $ 125 million to $ 250 million per drug, long-term commercialization cycles, and very complex and often long-term legislative procedures. All of these are associated with a high level of inherent uncertainty in the innovation process. Another characteristic of the biotechnology industry is the division of the innovative workforce between biotechnology R&D firms and pharmaceutical firms (customers) according to their capabilities. Dynamic knowledge bases such as genomes, molecular biology and proteomics as well as the novelty and fluidity of the biotechnology industry's scientific and technical knowledge needed to develop new products. This shows that the collaboration between companies is beneficial. Because the biotechnology industry includes a population of relatively young companies (e.g., proprietary biotechnology companies), there exists research partnership among these venture entrepreneurs, established and sustainable companies, and / or universities (Sorrentino and Garaffo, 2012) As mentioned above, adopting a strategy of participatory commercialization in today's changing environment is one of the vital business strategies of the firm (Standing et al., 2008). The increasing trend of coalition building since the 1980s and the increasing share of revenue from the implementation of this strategy in firms indicate the growing importance of their use (Kanzanilo et al., 2017). The output of the participatory approach has received much attention as a commercialization strategy in the form of performance, and many researchers have looked at the issue from different dimensions and angles. However, the lack of a comprehensive view of all the dimensions and constructs that determine performance is felt in the research literature. Thus, the present study seeks to identify the determinants of the performance of the participatory commercialization strategy (strategic alliance) in the bio-pharmaceutical industry (biosimilar). The study helps to develop the theoretical foundations of commercialization strategies by reviewing the latest articles in the reputable scientific databases. Then, a model extracted from the research literature is validated through the group modeling technique by 20 industry experts and 10 academic experts. The results are presented as the final model in the research. In general, the design of the present study is based on the five-step approach presented by McKenzie et al. (1999). Accordingly, the research stages include 1) research design: explaining the problem and reviewing the theoretical background, 2) conducting research and model construction: developing a conceptual framework and determining the relevant structures, 3) research validation: general validation of research and data collection, 4) data analysis: analysis of the results using descriptive-analytical statistical methods and partial least squares, and 5) reporting the research summarizing the research findings and documenting the research analyses. The present study is in the field of combined research (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of the purpose and developmental in terms of data nature and analysis style. This research in the qualitative part is done through interviews and in the quantitative part through surveys. According to the objectives and type of the research, in terms of the methodology, survey is the most appropriate method. It is a method in which measurement tools are used to obtain data about the statistical sample with high accuracy, speed and efficiency, and its results can be generalized to a larger community. The sampling method in this research in the qualitative part is theoretical sampling, and the statistical population of the research is all the research published in valid domestic and foreign scientific databases until 2020. The studies have been scoured in order to obtain a sample that causes theoretical saturation. Theoretical validity was the basis of the validity of this study. In order to achieve it, extensive field studies, theoretical pluralism, and experts’ opinions were used. In addition, the model for performance prediction by the Biopharma's participatory commercialization strategy in Iran has been done through the validation steps of Lavache (1975). In this study, a group of 30 people was selected as the focus group. Based on the criterion of action and the structure of the conceptual model, the value of content validity ratio (CVR) was calculated. The demographic characteristics of respondents included age, level of education, gender, history of activity in the field of medicine, history of activity in the field of biosimilars, and research background in the field of biosimilars commercialization strategies. Most experts (more than 70%) were in the age range of 36 to 51 years. More than 83% of the responding experts had PhD degrees. Only one female respondent was present in the panel of experts. More than 75% of the experts had at least six years of experience in the pharmaceutical field. More than 46% of them had more than 10 years of experience in the field of biosimilars. In addition to the history of practical activities in the field of biopharma, the panel of research experts had research backgrounds. There were also master's theses, doctoral dissertations, books, dissertation consultations, articles, and research projects. The quorum required for the content validity ratio for each of the indicators waa 0.33. This study addresses a set of underlying factors including dynamic management of coalition capability, social capital, learning, ownership regimes, productive resource composition, coalition governance, opportunistic behavior, trust, conflict management, relational capital, partner appropriateness and environmental dynamics. The study aims at the formation of strategic alliances for the commercialization of biopharmaceuticals. In previous studies, however, these factors were not examined simultaneously and comprehensively. Currently, the dominant commercialization in the Iranian biosimilar industry is based on an independent and individualized strategy.

The main purpose of this study was to present a model of ethical antecedents of customers' shopping behavior with emphasis on case study services (Ofogh Kourosh stores).

The present study is a development that was done with a qualitative approach. In this study, the grounded theory method was used. The statistical population included the marketing experts of Ofogh Kourosh stores as well as academic experts including researchers and university professors, who were selected using a snowball sampling method of 25 people. The data collection tool was a semi-structured in-depth interview. The sample size continued until full saturation after the interview and data analysis. Thematic coding method was used to analyze the information.

The validity of the findings was done by using the method of reconstructing reality and people outside the scope of research. According to the results obtained from the proposed framework, 8 main categories (ethical characteristics, demographic factors, psychological factors, situational and environmental factors, cultural factors, marketing mix factors, service quality, and product-related characteristics) were extracted.

According to the obtained results, it can be said that a set of factors play a role in sudden buying behavior and along with demographic, environmental and ... factors, we can emphasize the role of cultural, cultural and psychological ethical factors.
 
Keywords: Antecedents, Sudden purchasing behavior, Psychological

Policymakers and strategic planners around the world, especially in Europe and the United States, have noted that enhancing entrepreneurial capacity is essential to achieving higher levels of economic growth and innovation. It is believed that an entrepreneurial culture based on knowledge, practice and innovation may deal with the problems caused by the current global economic crisis. In fact, it can be said that a developing country like ours constantly needs to upgrade its entrepreneurial capacity to help its economic growth and development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the entrepreneurial capacities of the strategic plan of Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch with Delphi fuzzy approach.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-survey-Delphi in terms of data collection. To evaluate the entrepreneurial capacities of the strategic plan of the Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, the Delphi technique consisting of 18 experts in the field of entrepreneurship management and strategic management of the Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj was used.

The results of fuzzy Delphi research showed that the degree of acceptance of all hypotheses is between 0.5-0. Therefore, it can be said that they do not have the necessary utility. In other words, the degree of reliability of all dimensions is less than 0.5, so the nullity-based hypotheses of utility are rejected because the dimensionality hypothesis is in a state of weak possibility for acceptance.

The organizations of the present century are complex and are integrated systems consisting of processes, organizational units, people, information, and supporting technologies, as well as dependencies and connections between different elements. recognizing, engineering, and managing these social, technical, and infrastructural dimensions is critical to achieving and maintaining the efficiency of organizations. in recent years, the rapid and continuous course of events has gradually transformed the boundaries and dynamics of the business environment, and all institutions are increasingly confronted with new, unexpected, and far-reaching challenges. in dynamic markets, companies need to constantly explore new opportunities in addition to exploiting existing resources. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational ambivalence stimuli and drivers on individual ambivalent behaviors in order to fully benefit from the benefits and advantages of ambivalent for an organization. the present study has been conducted to address this research gap.

Previous research in the field of organizational ambiguity has emphasized the importance of organizational architecture, including 1 establishing separate task units focused on exploration or utilization, 2) integrating mechanisms that facilitate knowledge flows and coordination between units. this spatial and physical separation in different organizational units seeks to avoid friction between conflicting demands and interests between exploration and exploitation activities. the orientation of business units is towards exploration (for example, research and development unit) or exploitation and profitability (for example, production unit). the orientation of units should be aligned to reach organizational synergy. in addition to work ethic and discipline, individuals need access to sufficient resources to engage in exploration and exploitation activities. employees should have enough freedom to acquire the resources they want to advance their innovative actions across the organizational hierarchy. if such resources are provided, more exploration and for-profit activities will be possible. trust is another prerequisite for knowledge sharing and, as a result, knowledge flows are highly dependent on trust among all participants in the knowledge transfer debate. knowledge renewal and overflows from other people are of the main antecedents of exploration and exploitation activities.3- METHODOLOGY This study is a descriptive cross-sectional survey. and in regard to the application of the results, it is among the applied research. the statistical population of the study includes all 303 senior managers and experts of active knowledge-based companies located in sanandaj science and technology park. given the population size, the sample size was calculated and applied according to cochran's formula equal to 170. after distributing 181 questionnaires by simple random sampling method, 170 questionnaires were returned with a response rate of 94%.

In accordance with hypothesis 1, research results indicated that organizational architecture reinforces the use of individual dual power in knowledge-based organizations. therefore, it can be said that organizational architecture is capable of stimulating exploratory and for-profit behaviors. by integrating exploration and for-profit units, organizations perform both activities simultaneously and balance them within their borders through the active integration of senior management teams. the results of testing the second hypothesis indicated that the organizational context accelerates the use of individual duality in knowledge-based organizations. accordingly, it can be said that the organizational context can create a culture that everyone is trying to grow the other and help the development of the organization by influencing each other. these companies encourage employees to take creative action and cultivate a variety of perspectives that ultimately lead to larger perceptual mindsets and the achievement of original ideas.

Selecting the appropriate architectural framework has a significant impact on organizational productivity. a number of researchers have argued that sustainable organizational performance is dependent on exploiting existing capabilities and discovering new opportunities (i.e., dual power) in environmental dynamics and change. dualism is a concept that has been studied for years from the perspective of various fields including strategic management, organizational behavior, marketing, etc. however, overcoming ambiguity is not easy, as the explorative and for-profit behaviors often compete with each other. to cope with this situation, several organizational solutions have been proposed such as innovative culture. when managers create an innovative culture in their organizations, they must analyze the current state of exploitation and exploration activities, create a strategic profile of both, and identify their innovation goals. in fact, they have to consider their organization's future approach choose the right profile for exploitation and exploration to achieve their innovation goals.

Organizational unlearning has attracted the attention of many researchers and this has become an important element of innovation and processes of sustainable individual and organizational change. The aim of this study was to identify the consequences of organizational learning and de-learning using the meta-combination method. In line with this method, after filtering the articles, finally, 40 researches that directly dealt with the implications of organizational de-learning were entered into the analysis phase in MaxQuoda software. After the integration stage, 28 distinct codes were identified, and among the identified codes, codes; Innovation outputs with 6 references, re-learning and organizational flexibility with 4 references, and radical innovation and overall performance with 3 references had the highest number of references in research texts, respectively. At higher levels of abstraction, codes were categorized into 11 concepts and finally into 6 categories (innovative capabilities, competitive value chain promotion, organizational entrepreneurship, organizational agility and transformation, participatory knowledge management, and human resource empowerment).

Creating entrepreneurial educational centers as catalysts for national, national and international innovation is inevitable. Few foreign and domestic studies have considered the entrepreneurial capacity, so this study aimed to identify and rank dimensions of educational centers' entrepreneurial capacity. A framework based on dimensions and develop have been developed and concepts of potential deployments of the Entrepreneurial University Development Model are presented. The study has been conducted based on the Descriptive-exploratory research method in terms of category identification and evaluation model design. The research community consists of specialists, books, documents and related articles in the research literature. Using the focus group method, 15 experts in academic entrepreneurship were selected. Designed based on the Delphi method, data collection tools included a researcher-made form of dimensions and concepts of Entrepreneur educational centers that was designed and developed based on the theoretical foundations and literature of the research as well as experts' opinion. Using TOPSIS software, data were analyzed in terms of content analysis and rating test. The research findings showed that the dimensions and concepts of Entrepreneurial educational centers Capacity include: Governance and Leadership; Entrepreneurial Human Capital; Financial Capital; Entrepreneurial Intellectual Capital; Technical (Digital) Capital; Reflexivity (Strategic Planning Evaluation of effects; Organizational structure; Entrepreneurial culture; Strategy (strategic plan); Pivotal development; Competitiveness; Interdisciplinary Majors, respectively. The findings suggest that, this framework can be used to assess the entrepreneurship capacity and prepare the strategic plan for the national educational centers as well as for academic centers.

The purpose of this study was to validate the model of sudden purchase behavior of customers in the service sector, which was validated using factor analysis approach and covariance-based modeling technique. The statistical population of this study included various real and legal customers who referred to Ofogh Kourosh stores in Tehran who went to the stores to buy. Of these, 384 people answered the questionnaire. The sampling method in the first stage was done in a cluster and stores were selected and in the second stage a questionnaire was given to customers to answer randomly. The instrument used in this research was a questionnaire with 178 items in four dimensions and 46 components to assess the validity of the research instrument was the construct validity method and according to the qualitatively extracted factor network, the confirmatory factor analysis technique was used, in other words to assess validity. Factor Measurement tools The main research factor (design and validation of the model of customers' sudden buying behavior in the service sector) was the factor analysis approach and covariance-based modeling technique. The results of the study showed that the underlying causes and factors affect the strategies to increase purchases and strategies to reduce the negative consequences of sudden buying behavior.

Today, we are under the immense siege of luxury goods, the consumption of manifestations and the abundance of services, objects and commodities. Sociological literature increasingly emphasizes the importance of how and how to use luxury goods in shaping social relationships and relationships. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social psychological characteristics and their intention to purchase through keep up with the Joneses. The research method was correlation. For data collection, valid questionnaires were used. The statistical population of this research is the twenty-five year old married women who have been selected by random sampling method in Sanandaj city. Structural equation modeling and PLS software were used to investigate the relationship between variables. Regression and Sobel tests were used to test the mediation. The results of the study showed that there is a significant relationship between the variables in question; however, the role of mediation between the eyes and the eye was not confirmed in the relationship between social psychological characteristics and purchase intention. In the end, it can be said that individual and cultural characteristics affect the values of women and their motivations and beliefs about goods, including the purchase of luxury goods.

Extended Abstract Abstract Over the past decade, e-government domain has attracted a lot of attention throughout the world. to get Desirable level of satisfaction, Governments seek to provide high quality services to citizens. However, to provide high quality services, it is essential to study the evaluation method of e-government services quality. In this study, firstly, by systematic review of previous studies, models and frameworks for assessing the quality of traditional, electronic and e-government services have been identified and a list of dimensions has been developed to assess the quality of provided services. Therefore, in this research, 14 service quality evaluation framework/models (traditional, e-government, and e-government) have been systematically reviewed and extracted according to research questions analyzed and a framework for assessing the quality of e-government services has been provided. The goal is to cover the weaknesses of different models with the strengths of other framework/models and to improve the defects in the new framework. Then, considering the situation in Iran, the dimensions and components of the proposed framework were presented by a questionnaire consisting of a semi-structured questionnaire (a combination of open and closed questions) with a survey of e-government experts, an analysis and model for Iran.

Flexibility, speed of change and innovation are the characteristics of successful companies in their effective time. In order to survive, even for a decade, companies must constantly change, but change solely, is not enough. Changes should be based on collection of appropriate data from the outer and inner environment and their conversion to knowledge. Among the essential skills and competencies of managers in knowledge based companies, one fote most important one is personal knowledge management skills. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate effect of personal knowledge management on innovative culture and performance in knowledge based companies in Kurdistan province in 2017. From methodological perspective, this study is a survey-applied based on descriptive-survey. Required data collected through combining and integrating several standard questionnaires with use of form reforms. Content validity of factors confirmed with the opinion of the experts and then the validity of the test construct was confirmed using factor analysis methods. In order to analyze the collected data, Partial Least Square method (Smart PLS) used. Results confirmed the appropriateness of all research hypotheses and also showed a positive and significant relationship between personal knowledge management and innovative culture and innovative performance in the research model. At the end, there are also suggestions in relation to the research variables.