ali hajiha

  Financial supply is one of the key factors for the growth and survival of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This research focuses on identifying and prioritizing the components of financial supply for SMEs. To achieve this, an artificial neural network (ANN) is used as an advanced method. The study consists of three main phases. Firstly, through a review of the literature on the subject, the components of financial supply for SMEs were identified. Then, by using surveys and gathering data from experts and managers of SMEs in Iran, the necessary data for training the neural network were collected. Finally, by analyzing the data using the neural network, the components of financial supply for SMEs were determined based on their priorities. The results showed that the most important components of financial supply for SMEs, in order of priority, are: investment, internal financial supply methods, and external financial supply. This research can help SME managers and decision-makers choose the best financial supply strategies for the growth and development of their businesses. Additionally, the results of this research can assist policymakers and economic planners in identifying and implementing appropriate support policies for SMEs.

Financing has always been one of the main challenges of creating and developing start-up businesses and small economic industries. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to identify and present a model for financing small and medium industries with the approach of evaluation laboratory and decision test based on the process of interpretive structural modeling and Fuzzy Dimetal. This article deals with the design of different scenarios in the financing of small and medium enterprises. For this reason, taking into account the previous studies and the fuzzy screening method, a dynamic model has been developed to extract effective factors on the financing of small and medium enterprises and to specify the cause-effect circles. Then, using structural modeling technique and Fuzzy Demetall, relationships and levels between them, the amount of influential and influential coefficients have been determined and included in the model, finally, in order to test the accuracy of the model and determine the behavior of state and rate variables, we collected Information from 30 small and medium-sized enterprises has been requested to know the new methods of financing in a period of 12 months, which was evaluated by analyzing the behavior of the variables in the framework of the model, as well as the sensitivity analysis, and the validity of the designed dynamic model. The results showed that small and medium enterprises can benefit from the designed model and scenarios for optimal financing of their business.

Supply chain is the most important pillar of any company. Changing business environment conditions affect the supply chain of companies. The success of companies is the faster understanding of changes in business conditions more than competitors and making the necessary changes based on the conditions in the supply chain. Companies are now competing between their supply chains. This issue now has a prominent place among researchers in various fields of industry and a lot of research has been done in this field. Recent changes in environmental conditions and in particular the epidemic of Covid-19 disease, have created a wider scope for studying the field of environmental change in businesses and reviewing supply chain concepts and models to cope with change. The purpose of this study is to review the supply chain literature of recent years on the need to review supply chain models and concepts based on changes in business conditions.

This research is analytical. The research sources have been collected from the articles of the authoritative websites in this field, The total number of 469 sources belongs to the years 2017 to 2021, of which 419 are articles and the rest are books and conference papers.

It indicates that overcoming the changing environmental conditions of business is the use of concepts and integrated models of the supply chain. The synergistic effect of the features of the components of the composite model is to maximize the efficiency of the supply chain.

This research has tried to answer the basic question, "What is the pattern of banking service policy with the innovation ecosystem approach in state banks?" The main goal of the current research is to provide a model of banking service policy with an innovation ecosystem approach in state banks. The research method used in this research was mixed (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population includes academic experts as well as experienced managers and experts of the country's state banks. The sampling method in this research is the snowball sampling method. Finally, 16 people participated in the research interviews. The main tool for collecting research data has been semi-structured interviews. Theme analysis method was used to implement the conducted interviews. A total of 120 codes were identified in the form of sentences, pseudo-sentences and words, which were categorized into 20 sub-themes and 6 main themes. Then, using the opinion of experts, the identified elements were designed in the form of innovation ecosystem of banking services in Iran's state banks. In this research, it was found that the state banks of Iran urgently need innovation in services in order to strengthen their competitiveness, and in this way, they need an ecosystem of elements that will always witness innovation in services as a result of their interaction with each other.

The purpose of this study is to design a post-purchase regret model and determine online business strategies. Regret is a state of mind in which the customer is hesitant to buy a product or service. This hesitation can be due to paying a high price for the quality received, comparing the quality of the goods or services received with competing companies, or the result of various risks that may arise in online shopping. To design the regret model, the qualitative research method was used utilizing the grounded theory strategy and the Strauss-Corbin systematic design. The sampling method was judgmental and to collect information and achieve theoretical saturation, 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted with university professors and managers of online commerce and web-based businesses. The key points of the interviews were analyzed during the three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. For the validity and reliability of the research, the members` review, participatory, triangulation, and retest methods were used. The results were extracted in a paradigm model with 20 categories and 76 concepts. The Delphi method was used to prioritize the constructive factors of the model and the opinion of experts was determined in 2 stages and converged with a standard deviation of less than 0.05. The results of the research help online business activists to gain an accurate understanding of post-purchase regrets in online shopping behavior.

Considering that today the environment has become an increasingly vital and very important issue for all segments of the population, both as customers and producers, the purpose of this study is to design a branding model for green products in industry. Is food.

This research, which is a qualitative research, has designed the model with an inductive approach and using the research strategy of data foundation theory and Strauss-Corbin systematic design. The statistical population of this study is the managers of food companies with green brand with at least a master's degree in management, agriculture or entrepreneurship, as well as professors of business and environment at the university, and is an interview data collection tool.

In order to perform coding, 15 interviews were conducted, 214 codes were obtained as open source. By determining the frequency of each of the extracted codes and considering their similarity, 85 concepts were identified. Then the concepts of family were placed in a more general category and by doing this, 26 sub-categories were formed.

The model obtained from the present study, from a practical point of view, provides a comprehensive and macro view to producers and managers of marketing companies of green branded food companies to increase awareness of various aspects of green products, Use appropriate strategies and measures to brand these products.

Studies in the field of the tourism industry are often carried out using classical statistics. While the use of spatial statistics in tourism helps a lot in identifying existing models and trends in the industry and discovering them. Due to the interaction between economic, political, environmental and social elements in tourism activities, analysis methods of spatial statistics can be used by identifying information between samples and using large volumes of information by not indicating the independence of the data, can obtain suitable tourism clusters and help identify the appropriate tourism model in Iran. This study aims at to design a model of the tourism industry in Iran with the approach of the spatial correlation structure. The research method was qualitative and quantitative. To identify the variables affecting the tourism industry, the qualitative meta-analysis method, and to collect the required data in spatial statistics, the data of the Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization in the summer of 2008-2018 have been used. To determine the model of tourism clusters Moran statistics and to study tourism clusters in all provinces of the country, the best interpolation method of tourism has been determined. ArcGIS software was used to analyze the research data. The results of data analysis showed that tourism data has a spatial autocorrelation and a cluster and regular model in the statistical period of summer 2008 to 2018. The most cluster model of tourism using the Moran spatial autocorrelation index is related to the summer of 2008 with 0.991 and the lowest cluster model of tourism is related to the summer of 2014 with the amount of 0.976. Also, the results of the study of the distribution of tourism direction in the provinces of the country in this statistical period showed that the predominant direction of tourism is with a slight change from northwest to southeast.

Due to the importance and position of the automobile industry in Iran, the main purpose of this research is to design an economic model of purchasing domestically produced goods with an emphasis on customer motivational categories. The present study was a qualitative study with 33 market experts, university professors and clients selected based on snowball sampling and based on open, axial and selective coding in 9 main categories. The validity of the data triangulation method and the peer review and reliability of the two transition codes have been investigated and the results indicate that causal conditions such as (looking at the external car as a social status) influence the motivation of buying domestic cars and strategies. Important for motivating customers to buy domestic cars (informing and influencing advertising on their customers' minds) and intervening conditions (international sanctions) affect these strategies and have consequences (development and economic growth).

Given the appropriate economic-geographical opportunities of the country and earning foreign currency from the medical tourism industry, the use of these opportunities requires a proper and futurist roadmap, in order to provide the necessary solutions to attract medical tourists.

The present study aims to provide a model for managing attract of medical tourism in the country, in order to take advantage of the future opportunities of this industry.

In this study, the strategy of Grounded theory and systematic design of Strauss/Corbin were used. Theoretical sampling was used to collect information, and to achieve theoretical saturation, 18 semi-structured interviews were conducted with specialist physicians and health tourism executives. For the validity and reliability, the research method was used by the members, participation, triangulation and retesting method. The key points of the interviews were analyzed during the three stages of open, axial and selective coding and Delphi method was used to prioritize them.

Factors affecting the attraction of health tourists in the country were extracted with 16 categories and 51 concepts. The priority of the constructive factors of the model was determined using Delphi method and the opinion of experts in 2 steps and converged with standard deviation less than 0.05.

The results showed that the four categories of planning, financial condition, quality of medical services, and technical and specialized forces are in the highest priority, respectively, and should be the focus of future plans of the country's tourism attraction management.

This research aimed to design a model for the acceptance of new health services based on the mixed-method exploratory analysis. In the qualitative part, the emerging design of grounded theory was used. The required data of qualitative part were obtained through 18 in-depth interviews with marketing professors and medical experts, and also 20 interviews with the customers of the Royan Institute’s Cord Blood Bank. The data were analyzed through open coding. To examine the validity of the qualitative part, the processes of member-checking, peer-checking, and triangulation were used and inter-coder reliability and test-retest were applied to measure its reliability. The final conceptual model was designed with 7 major categories (including the quality of services, the characteristics of services, perception of acceptors, individual factors, innovation features, reference groups, and sources of information), 22 subcategories, and 93 concepts. The findings obtained in the qualitative phase resulted in the development of 7 scientific propositions that were analyzed in the quantitative part. In the quantitative part, the researcher’s 93-item questionnaire was used in order to gather the data from 404 customers of the Royan Institute’s Cord Blood Bank through simple random sampling. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and Cronbach's alpha were used to measure the validity and reliability of this part. The data were tested using structural equation modeling. Measures of goodness of fit showed that the factor structure of the designed model was suited to the data and the model was confirmed.

Happiness is considered one of the most influential factors in organizations that increases positive emotions of the staff and will reduce productivity by reducing negative emotions. Faculty members are the most important human capital of universities and higher education institutes. Therefore, addressing the issue of happiness and its causes among faculty members is so important. The purpose of this study was to design a model of happiness for faculty members which uses the systematic structure of Strauss & Corbin's grounded theory. Deep interviews were conducted with 26 faculty members of Islamic Azad universities in Tehran as a key player in the field of organizational happiness and owners of works in this field were by using purposive sampling. The data were analyzed in three stages of coding (open, axial and selective) and the result was 17 general categories which took place in the form of a paradigmatic model consist including strategies for establishing the organizational happiness model (planning for creating organizational happiness), intervener environmental conditions (individual characteristics of professors and students), underlying features (Family, work, welfare, teaching and research, organizational culture and economic conditions), causal conditions (social relations, work environment, work equipment, incentive system and ethical behavior of the work environment), The main phenomenon (organizational happiness) and its consequences (Reputation of the university, increasing university efficiency and reducing burnout). This model reflected the operationalization process of organizational happiness model of faculty members among Islamic Azad University of Tehran branches and the relationships between their categories and their dimensions.

Previous studies have investigated the causes of organizational happiness, but there is a research gap in the design and evaluation of organizational happiness patterns.

To design and display organizational happiness model of faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch..

In the qualitative part of the research, it was mixed and exploratory and in the quantitative part based on conceptual model. Statistical population included faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Tehran Branches in 1398. 26 people were selected by snowball sampling method. Research tools include semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. The data were analyzed in the qualitative part of the research by the data base strategy and in the quantitative part by the confirmatory factor analysis of Strauss Corbinchr('39')s systematic design and structural equation modeling.

The result of open, axial and selective coding analysis was to reach the conceptual model of research with 19 categories and 116 concepts. Out of 116 concepts, three were identified as the causal factors affecting the organizational happiness of teachers in the form of “social relationships”, “work environment”, “work equipment”, “work ethic behavior” and “incentive system”.. The causal relationships with factor loadings of 0.66 and t-statistic 12.072 have a direct and significant effect on the main category, the main factor with 0.44 factor and the t-statistic of 6.44 have a direct and significant effect on the strategies, strategies with the load Factor 577 has an impact on the outcomes, confounding conditions with a factor of 0.438 have a direct and significant effect on the outcomes, and finally a bed condition with a factor of 0.498 has a direct effect on the outcomes.

Work environment, workplace equipment, social relationships, workplace ethics, and incentive systems play important roles in the organizational happiness model.

This research aimed at designing a model for the acceptance of innovation-based services of umbilical cord blood banks as a new approach in health marketing. It is an exploratory qualitative research based on the grounded theory and heuristic analysis. The research data were obtained through interview with a sample of 18 marketing professors and 20 customers of the Royan Institute Umbilical Cord Blood Bank who were selected based on theoretical saturation. The gleaned data were analyzed through open, axial and selective coding. To enhance research validity, the process of data coding was carried out under the supervision of 3 service marketing experts whose suggestions were applied. Moreover, the inter-rater reliability of the coding process and concept-mining was checked by asking another marketing expert to code the data whose findings revealed acceptable levels of reliability. Further, the importance of dimensions, entities and indexes of the model in each group was determined via Delphi method under the supervision of professors. The findings revealed a hierarchical conceptual model for acceptance of innovative services with 7 dimensions, including the quality of services, the characteristics of services, perception of acceptors, individual factors, innovation features, reference groups and sources of information, 22 entities and 93 indexes.

This study was conducted to identify the dimensions, components and indices of the talent management in the National Iranian South Oil Company. The study has been considered an applied research in terms of its purpose and in terms of data was qualitative and it has been done based on grounded theory in terms of the nature of the implementation. The statistical population of the study was experts of the oil field and university professors having academic and operational background related to the talent management, which was selected through the targeted sampling and by snowball method. Data collection was done through interview.  Content analysis and data encoding with Grounded theory approach has been used to analyze the data. In order to determine the internal validity of the findings, it was utilized interviews with the focal persons and techniques of obtaining theoretical saturation, using special coding procedures. In order to define the validity of the findings, it was utilized data collecting techniques from multiple sources, negative cases analysis, and flexibility of the method. The results showed that the talent management pattern of the NISOC has 5 dimensions (talent recruitment, training and development, retention, evaluation and excellence), 13 components and 83 indicators.

This paper reviews the differences between customer expectation and perception of service quality in car insurance claim payment units (collision and third party liability) in B and A insurance companies and compares the performance of each company using SERVQUAL model. The results indicate that there are significant differences between expectations and perceptions of clients in two companies. Results from the first hypothesis show that there are significant differences between customers of both companies in two aspects, i.e. reliability and responsiveness and the average customer waiting, in company B is more than company A. The result of second hypothesis indicate that there is no difference between customer perceptions in two companies in all five dimensions. The results of third hypothesis show that the gap between services in the B insurance company is more than A. In the other hand; A insurance company meets customer expectations more successfully.