alireza sangani

Genital wart disease is an infectious disease caused by a type of human papilloma virus that is transmitted through direct contact with the skin of people and mainly as a result of sexual intercourse. Therefore, the profile of psychological vulnerability in people with genital warts and its role in the level of impulsivity It was studied in patients at Razi Hospital.

The current research was of a descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of the research consisted of all the people referred to Razi Hospital who were suffering from genital warts. 122 people were selected and included in the study. Psychological vulnerability questionnaire and Barat impulsivity questionnaire were used in this research. Data analysis was done with analysis of variance and independent t test, Pearson correlation and stepwise regression and SPSS 18 software.

The results showed that psychological vulnerability is normal in people with genital warts. Psychological vulnerability plays a role in impulsivity. Paranoid thoughts have an effect coefficient of 0.3030 and a prediction of 0.30.

Considering the role of psychological vulnerability in the formation of behavioral disorders such as impulsivity on the one hand and the role of impulsivity in contracting genital warts on the other hand, this research has practical implications in highlighting the areas of prevention and treatment of impulsivity.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy in promoting social vitality and social adjustment in suicidal girls referred to as social emergencies. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a three-month follow-up. The statistical population included all the girls who tried to commit suicide who referred to the social emergency of Saqqez city in 2020-2021, and through the purposeful sampling method and Based on the entry and exit criteria, 30 people were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 15 people. The test and evidence were replaced. The measurement tool in this research was the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (2002) and Bell's Social adjustment Questionnaire (1961). The experimental group underwent Williams and Segal's (2003) mindfulness therapy for 8 2-hour sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Statistical data analysis was done using repeated measure analysis of variance. The findings showed that the treatment based on mindfulness improves social vitality (f=52.32, p=0.01) and social adjustment (f=39.71, p=0.01) in suicidal girls referred to as social emergency. It was significant and the results indicated the durability of the treatment in the follow-up period (p=0.01). Based on the results of the research, it can be said that mindfulness therapy is a suitable method for promoting social vitality and social adjustment in girls who attempt to commit suicide.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relation of Self-care behaviors with mental vulnerability in cardiovascular patients with mediating role of adherence. The method of this research was descriptive correlation based on path analysis. The statistical population of this study included all 354 patients with cardiovascular diseases in Seyed Al-Shohada Specialized Heart Hospital in Urmia in 2021. According to Krejcie and Morgan's table, with the possibility of incomplete questionnaires, 226 patients with cardiovascular disease were selected by available methods after reviewing the inclusion criteria. The mental Vulnerability Questionnaire (SCL-25) by Najarian and Davoodi (2001), the Adherence questionnaire (ADQ) by Seyed Fatemi et al. (2018), and the Self-care behaviors Questionnaire (EHFSB) by Wellen et al. (2013) were taken. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation method and path analysis with SPSS18 and Amos23 software. The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between Self-care behaviors and adherence to mental vulnerability in cardiovascular patients (P<0.01). Self-care behaviors have an effect of -0.55 on psychological vulnerability with the mediating role of adherence. (p≤ 0.01). The research model had a good fit and also, and the value of the general explanation coefficient in direct and indirect paths was equal to R2=0.42. These results emphasize the effect of cognitive-behavioral factors in controlling psychological vulnerability in cardiovascular patients.

 Performing risky behaviors by teenagers will be the most important factor in jeopardizing the health and safety of society in the future. Therefore, the present research was conducted aimed at investigating the path analysis model of the social security feeling and non-observance of law in the tendency toward risky behaviors among adolescents.

 The present research was of applied type in nature and of correlational type in terms of descriptive method. The statistical population of the present study is made up of all 1361 male students secondary school of the twelfth grade of humanities in 15 schools of Urmia city in the academic year of 2020-2021. In order to determine the sample size based on Klein's method (2010), 370 students were selected using the available method. In this research, Mohammadzadeh and Ahmadabadi's risk behavior questionnaire (2008), Mirfardi and Faraji's law non-observance questionnaire (2016) and Niazi and Farshadfar's social security questionnaire (2011) were used. Data analysis was done by Pearson correlation test and path analysis using SPSS 18 and Amos 23.

 The findings showed that there is a negative correlation between social security feeling (-0.40) and the tendency toward risky behaviors at a significant level of 0.01. While, there is a positive correlation between non-observance of law (0.37) and tendency to risky behaviors at a significant level of 0.01. The social security feeling has an impact of 0.503 on the tendency toward risky behaviors with the mediation of non-observance of law. In the research, it could be concluded that once social security is improved, the rate of law non-observance by people will decrease, as a result, the probability of displaying high-risk behaviors by adolescents would be lower.

Adherence therapy is one of the important psychological factors in the improvement of physical diseases that can be influenced by various factors to reduce various physical diseases, understanding this important research the aim of modeling the structural relationships of early maladaptive schema  on adherence to treatment was mediated by cognitive regulation of emotion and fever in coronary heart patients admitted to hospital.

The research method was descriptive-correlation of structural equations. The study population included all coronary heart patients in Fatemeh Zahra Hospital in Sari (Mazandaran Heart Center). Using Loehlin (2004) sampling method, 280 hospitalized patients were selected as the sample. early maladaptive schemas questionnaire, emotion cognitive regulation, Resilience, and General and Specific Adherence Results were used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis in SPSS and Amos statistical software.

The results showed that the indirect path of incompatible programs on adherence therapy  intermediary  cognitive regulation of emotional design and resilience is significant.

Due to the predictive power of changes, the results can be found in psychological interventions and training used in consumption.

The aim of this study was to develop an educational package on the perception of the school environment and its feasibility study on the self-defeating academic behaviors of male students. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group and quarterly follow-up. The statistical population included all students studying in the second year of high school in the city of Buchan in the academic year 1399-1400. Through the purposive sampling method, 30 individuals were selected and randomly replaced into two groups of 15 experimental and control. The measuring instrument in this study was the Self-Breaking Behavior and Cognition Scale (Cunningham, 2007). The students in the experimental group underwent 8 90-minute sessions (2 sessions per week) of the school environment perception program and the control group did not receive any intervention. Statistical data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance with SPSS software version 23. The results showed that the educational package of perception of the school environment was significant in reducing the self-defeating academic behaviors of male students (p <0.01). Based on the research results, it can be said that the educational package of perception of the school environment is a suitable intervention method to reduce self-defeating academic behaviors in male students.

Escaping from military service occurs first during a process of incompatibility with the situation, then violence, and finally escape. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of distress tolerance in relation to soldiers' violence with desire to escape due to the performance of commanders.

This research was descriptive correlation based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population was all 280 soldiers of Imam Sajjad Educational Center in Urmia, Iran in July 2021. In this study, 210 samples were selected by the simple random sampling. The Buss-Perry Violence Questionnaire, the Simons and Gaher Turbulence Questionnaire, as well as the researcher-made questionnaire of tendency to escape due to the commanders' performance were used to collect data. To analyzing the data, Pearson correlation test and structural equation model were used in the form of SPSS 18 and AMOS 23 software.

Among 210 participants in the study, 139 people had diploma and lower degrees and also 71 people had a bachelor's degree or higher. Confirmatory validity and the measurement model of the three questionnaires were confirmed and the reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method of violence 0.87, distress tolerance was 0.79 and desire to escape was 0.88. The findings showed that the soldiers' violence and distress tolerance due to the performance of the commanders on the desire to escape have a direct and indirect effect of 0.291 and -0.246. The standardized values of the indirect effects of the violence through the mediation of distress tolerance on the tendency to escape were confirmed by the Bootstrap estimation method and violence had an effect on the desire to escape through mediation of distress tolerance (-0.48) (p <0.01). Finally, the research model was approved and 41% of the desire to escape due to the performance of commanders could be explained by the variables of soldiers' violence and distress tolerance in direct and indirect levels.

The present study shows that soldier violence affects the desire to escape through the mediation of distress tolerance and importance of cognitive and emotional factors in explaining the desire to escape due to the performance of commanders.

Nurses have the most level of communication with patients with COVID-19 who are always afraid of the disease and its consequences. Therefore, the present study aimed at investigating the effect of health hardiness on fear of COVID-19 in nurses with the mediating role tolerance of emotional distress.

The method of this research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all 351 female nurses of Imam Khomeini and Taleghani hospitals in Urmia in spring 2021. According to the target population, 205 nurses were selected based on Krejcie and Morgan’s table and according to the available method. In this study, the Fear of COVID-19 Questionnaire developed by Ahorsu et al. [2020], the Health Hardiness Questionnaire designed by Gebhardt et al. [2001], and the Emotional Distress Tolerance Questionnaire developed by Simons and Gaher [2005] were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression.

The findings showed that health hardiness and tolerance of emotional distress were involved in fear of COVID-19. Also, according to the values ​​obtained, health hardiness had an effect of -0.364 on fear of COVID-19, and tolerance of emotional distress had an effect –of -0.178 on fear of COVID-19 [p≤0.01]. Health hardiness an effect equal to -0.528 on fear of COVID-19 with the mediating role of tolerance of emotional distress.

This study showed that cognitive factors in proportion to emotional factors have a greater effect on the fear of COVID-19 in nurses.

Many physical diseases are affected by cognitive and behavioral factors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of neuropsychological function and self-care behaviors on COVID-19 anxiety in diabetic patients.

This was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included women with type 2 diabetes in the Iranian Diabetes Association in Urmia in the spring of 2021. Sample selection was done by simple random method. Corona Anxiety Questionnaire of Alipour et al (2019), Neuropsychological Function Questionnaire of Nejati (2013) and Self-Care Behavior Questionnaire of Toobert and Glasgow (1994) were used.

The mean age of 165 women with type 2 diabetes was 45.7±18.4 years. There was a negative relationship between neuropsychological function and self-care behaviors with COVID-19 anxiety. Neuropsychological function and self-care behaviors had a negative effect of 0.20 and 0.25 on COVID-19 anxiety, respectively.

The findings of this study emphasize the role of cognitive factors on COVID-19 anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Learning disorder is affected by many communication variables and focuses on sensory processing in children; therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of sensory processing patterns in the relationship between parental parenting styles and Learning Disorder in children. The method of research was correlation based on modeling, a type of path analysis. The study population included all children with learning disorder 7 to 10 years old in Tehran, That using Klein's method (2010), 437 children were selected by available sampling method. And the children's mothers responded to, Colorado Willcutt et al. Learning Disorder Questionnaire (2011), Dunn's Sensory Profile (1999) and Baumrind's parental parenting styles (1973). And evaluation of the model was done using the path analysis method. The findings showed that sensory processing patterns have a mediating role in the relationship between parental parenting styles and Learning Disorder in children. In general, sensory processing patterns and parental parenting styles had predictive power (R2 = 0.70) of learning disorder variable. These findings show that learning disorder is strongly influenced by parental parenting styles. And sensory processing patterns have an indirect impact on learning disorder that can provide many practical implications for therapists to improve children's learning disorder.

Social support is generally accepted to act as a protective factor against stressful situations. However, the extent of its effect on the depression and lifestyle of myocardial infarction (MI) patients is not known. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the role of perceived social support in predicting major depressive disorder and lifestyle components in MI patients.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2019 on 176 MI patients chosen through the purposive and convenience sampling methods from the Heart Center Hospital of Mazandaran, Iran. The required information was collected by three standard questionnaires, including the social support appraisals (SS-A) scale by Phillips, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II). Pearson correlation coefficient and canonical correlation coefficient were performed. The significance level in this study was considered as P-value<0.05.

The findings of the present study indicated that social support could predict depression by 48% and a significant negative correlation was found between social support and depression (r=-0.47, P=0.01). Moreover, social support had a significant impact on lifestyle components and was shown to predict health accountability (R2=0.691, β=0.289), spiritual growth (R2=0.672, β=0.256), stress management (R2=0.285, β=0.122), and interpersonal behavior (R2=0.586, β=0.175). In addition, it affected these factors significantly.

Providing opportunities for further social support for MI patients paves the way for enhancing health-promoting behaviors and reducing depression in this group of patients.

The purpose of this study was to examine The mediating role of traits of extraversion and Introversion in relation between anxieties with parenting styles. The research method was descriptive correlation. The statistical population of this study included all 15872 junior girls in Ahvaz in the academic year of 2017-2018. Sample size according to The Cochran formula was 375 girls who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Baumrind parenting questionnaire, and Spielberger Anxiety Inventory. The results showed that traits of extraversion and Introversion and parental parenting styles have a direct and significant effect on the anxiety of girls in the level of 0.05. In the indirect way, traits of extroversion and introversion of children has a mediator role in relationship between parenting styles and anxiety, and in general, the conceptual model was approved. Also, 0.27 of the anxiety variable can be explained by traits of extraversion and Introversion and parenting styles These findings are based on the family systematic theory on psychological intercourse of children with parents’ behavior patterns in the family environment and express the effects of personality traits on promoting parent-child relationship health and child anxiety.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of functional analytical psychotherapy on treatment adherence and self-care behaviors in female patients with acute myocardial infarction.

The severity of cardiovascular disease is affected by cognitive and behavioral function in people experiencing acute myocardial infarction. Therefore, with effective and modern treatments for this problem, effective results could be expected.

The research method was quasi-experimental pre-test post-test and follow-up design with control group. A sample of 30 women with a history of acute myocardial infarction who had been admitted to Seyed Al-Shohada Heart Hospital in Urmia, Iran, in 2021, were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly assigned to experimental (N=15) and control (N=15) group. Tsai et al. (2010) Functional Analytical Psychotherapy Package was implemented for experimental group in 10 sessions of 45 minutes duration. Before and after the sessions, and also, 3 months after intervention, both members of experimental and control groups completed Treatment Adherence Questionnaire and Self-Care Behavior Questionnaire as pre-test, post-test and follow-up measurements. Data were analyzed using mixed model analysis of covariance in SPSS Version 18.

The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between experimental and control groups in term of the means of treatment adherence and self-care behaviors in pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Functional analytical psychotherapy had a greater effect on improving self-care behaviors (0.912) than treatment adherence (0.897) in female patients with acute myocardial infarction (P≥0.0001).

These results emphasize the effect of functional analytical psychotherapy in cognitive and behavioral domains in the treatment of female patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Cyberspace covers many aspects of human’s life and this tendency to cyberspace can be influenced by self-efficacy and emotional aspects. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to model the structural relationship of self-efficacy with the tendency to virtual networks through the mediation of social adjustment in gifted students.

The research method was correlational-descriptive and in particular structural equations modeling. The statistical population of the present study was all 300 gifted students of Sampad High School in 11th course in the academic year of 2019 in Gorgan city. These students were selected as samples through census method and were evaluated using the virtual networks questionnaire (2014), Scherer Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (1982) and California Compatibility Questionnaire (CCP).

The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between self-efficacy and social adjustment with tendency to virtual networks. The research model was well-fit and confirmed and 0.39 of the variance of tendency to virtual networks was explained by self-efficacy and social adjustment. Also, social adaptability played a mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and the tendency to virtual networks.

Changes in tendency to cybersecurity can be directly explained based on self-efficacy and indirect social adjustment states in gifted students and this study has practical implications for school counselors.

Cyberspace covers many aspects of human life and this tendency to cyberspace can be influenced by cognitive and emotional dimensions. So the aim of this study was modeling structural relationships of mind theory with tendency to virtual networks through mediating of social adjustment in Gifted students.

The research method was descriptive-correlation and in particular structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study was all 300 gifted students of Secondary School Sampad Secondary School in 11 experimental fields in the academic year of 2019 in Gorgan. Mojardi, et al (2014) tendency to virtual networks questionnaire, Steerneman (1994) theory of mind questionnaire and California Test Personality (CTP) were evaluated.

The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between theory of mind and social adjustment with tendency to virtual networks. The research model was fitted and validated and explained 0.380 of variance in tendency to virtual networks by theory of mind and social adaptation and social adaptation had a mediating role in the relationship between theory of mind with tendency to virtual networks.

Changes in the tendency for cyberspace based on direct theory of mind and indirect social adjustment can be explained in gifted students and this study has practical implications for school counselors.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on general health, rumination, and loneliness of divorced women. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. Twelve volunteers who were referred to counseling centers in Sari, were selected by volunteering method. They were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups and assigned to the social and emotional loneliness scale of adults (2004), the general health questionnaire (1972), the scale Nullen Hoeksma and Marrow (1991) rumbled in pre-test and post-test. The experimental group was trained in ten sessions based on the Young Schematic Protocol, Calcesko and Washir (2003). The results of the findings, using multivariate covariance analysis, showed that schema therapy significantly increased general health and reduced rumination and loneliness of divorced women. Anxiety (P=0.02), disruption in social function (P=0.001), depression (P=0.039), rumination responses (P=0/000), distracting responses (P=0/000), romantic loneliness (P=0,000), family loneliness (P=0,035) and social loneliness (P=0.007) in the experimental group receiving the intervention were different from that of the control group. It is recommended that Advisers and therapist’s use of schema therapy rules to rehabilitate women after divorce in order to increase general health, reduce rumination and facilitate social relationships.

Cognitive factors play a large role in the learning process; therefore purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive simulation techniques group training on academic procrastination and academic engagement in nursing students.

The present study is a Semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group in 2019. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 384 undergraduate female nursing students of Gorgan School of Nursing and Midwifery that they had academic procrastination. Participants voluntarily responded to the academic procrastination questionnaire. The number of 30 students who had the most academic procrastination scores was selected and Simple randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The academic engagement questionnaire and academic procrastination questionnaire were used. Cognitive Simulation Techniques Training was applied to the experimental group in 8 sessions with 90 minute. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance with spss18 software.

The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of academic engagement in the pre-test of the experimental group was (51.30 ±4.11) and the control group was (50.24±4.78) and in the post-test of the experimental group was (79.24± 4.01) and the control group  (50.19. ± 4.88) was obtained. The mean and standard deviation of academic procrastination in the pre-test of the experimental group of (60.14 ±8.95) and control of 60.20 ± 8.22 and in the post-test of the experimental group of (34.28 ± 5.58) and control of (61.96 ± 6.24) was obtained. Generally results showed that cognitive simulation techniques group training has a significant effect on academic engagement and academic lagging at the level of (P <0.001).

The results of this study showed that cognitive simulation techniques group training can be effective in academic engagement and academic procrastination of nursing students. Therefore, educators in the medical education system can use this method as a facilitator in learning nursing students.

Phobia disorders are affected by cognitive and behavioral inefficiencies. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of cognitive-behavioral training on social phobia in nursing students: with one-step follow-up.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design, a control group, and follow-up after one month. The sample population included all the nursing students of Babol University of Medical Sciences in Babol, Iran in 2019. In total, 60 students were selected via simple random sampling and diagnosed with social phobia. The groups were assessed at three intervals before and after the intervention, and the follow-up was performed using the Liebowitz Social Phobia scale. The experimental group received 12 sessions (60 minutes each) of cognitive-behavioral therapy based on social phobia, and the control group received no training. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 18 using repeated measures ANOVA.

The results of covariance analysis indicated that social phobia significantly decreased in the experimental group at the posttest and follow-up compared to the control group (P≤0.05). The mean difference was 38.48±8.21 in the experimental group and 37.96±7.96 in the control group before the intervention and 26.06±7.74 in the experimental group and 36.48±6.08 in the control group after the intervention.

According to the results, cognitive-behavioral group intervention could be used as an effective approach to the reduction of social phobia in students.

By studying the types of hormones, the role of genetic and hormonal and chemical agents in schizophrenia can be found. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Growth Hormone based on ELISA method on the Treatment of Schizophrenic Patients.

This study was a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest with control group. The study population consisted of all schizophrenic patients admitted to Bostan psychiatric hospital in Ahvaz. A sample of 60 patients was selected using the available method and divided into two experimental and control groups.

In this study, there was significant difference between the level of growth hormone in pre and post-treatment patients. Therefore, more studies are recommended on this hormone (P<0/001).

According to research findings, it can be concluded that changes in growth hormone in the treatment of schizophrenic patients have effect on their treatment.

  Anxiety disorders are induced by cognitive and behavioral inefficiencies. 

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of group cognitive-behavioral training techniques on social anxiety in nursing students.

This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest follow-up (one month) and a control group design. The statistical population comprised all nursing students of Babol City, Iran. Fifty-four individuals diagnosed with social anxiety were selected using a simple random sampling method. The study groups were tested in three stages; before and after the intervention and follow-up, using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety questionnaire. The experimental group was subjected to 12 sessions of 60-minute under the group intervention of cognitive-behavioral therapy based on social anxiety. However, the control group received no training.  

The obtained results suggested that cognitive-behavioral techniques training was effective on social anxiety. The mean social anxiety scores of the experimental and control groups were significantly different (P=0.004).

Group training of cognitive-behavioral techniques significantly affected the social anxiety of studied students. Moreover, this study suggests the use of cognitive-behavioral group therapy to reduce the social anxiety of nursing students.

Mental stress has always influenced behavioral responses in different life situations, so the purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of perceived mental stress in the health of persons suspected of COVID-19.

This was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study was all female referrals to Sayyad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan, Iran with suspected symptoms of COVID-19 such as respiratory disorders, runny nose, dry cough, dizziness, sore throat and myalgia, fever in March 15-18 in 2020. 134 people were selected according to the inclusion criteria. In this study, perceived stress questionnaire of Cohen et al., Goldberg and Hillier health questionnaire and researcher-made questionnaire of demographic information were used. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression using SPSS22 software.

87 patients had COVID-19 with mean age of 59.34 years old. There was a significant positive correlation between the level of perceived mental stress with all health subscales at the level of 0.01. Given the value obtained from Multiple Correlation Coefficient (R2) perceived mental stress is able to predict (0.425) of health. Also the value obtained from the coefficient (β) of perceived mental stress (0.369) effects on health.

Overall, this study emphasizes the significant contribution of perceived mental stress to the health of people with suspected COVID-19, which can provide therapeutic implications for therapists.

Context:

 Cyberspace covers many aspects of humans’ life, and the tendency to cyberspace can be influenced by cognitive and emotional aspects.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of emotional processing in relation to self-efficacy on tendency to virtual networks in gifted students. Settings and Design: The present study was a correlational research with structural equation modeling.

The statistical population of the present study was all 300 gifted students of Sampad High School in the 11th course of experimental field in the academic year of 2019 in Gorgan city, 300 students of which were selected as samples through census method and evaluated by virtual network questionnaire of Mojardi et al., emotional processing questionnaire of Baker et al., and self-efficacy questionnaire of Sherer et al. (1982). Statistical Analysis Used: The collected data were analyzed using structural regression equations using SPSS 18 and Amos 23 software.

The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between self-efficacy and emotional processing with the tendency to virtual networks(P ≤ 0.01). Self‑efficacy (β = −0.267, P ≤ 0.002) and emotional processing (β = −0.221, P ≤ 0.000) had a significant negative effect on tendency toward cyberspace. The research model was fitted and confirmed and 0.38 of the variance of tendency to virtual networks was explained by self-efficacy and emotional processing, and emotional processing had a mediating role in the relationship self-efficacy with tendency to virtual networks.

Changes in tendency to cyberspace can be explained directly based on self-efficacy and indirectly based on emotional processing in gifted students, and this study has practical implications for school counselors.

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women with an increasing outbreak. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between defensive styles and Islamic quality of life (QoL) with death obsession in women with breast cancer.

This research was a correlational study. The statistical population of the study included 220 female patients with breast cancer; referring to Cancer Patients Association of Gorgan in 2019. According to Krejcie and Morgan’s table, 136 women were selected from breast cancer patients by simple random sampling. Islamic QoL questionnaire of Mohammad Namaqi et al., defense styles questionnaire of Andrews et al., and obsession with death questionnaire of Abdel-Khalek were applied. Data were analyzed; using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise regression.

The results showed that there was a negative significant relationship betweenthe developed defensive style and the Islamic QoL with death obsession (P=0.001).There was a positive significant relationship between the neurotic and undeveloped defensive style with the death obsession (P=0.001). In addition, the results of the regression showed that the Islamic QoL (-0.257) and developed defensive style (-0.196) had the potential for predicting the obsession of death.

These results emphasize the necessity of the role defensive styles and Islamic QoL on the death obsession. So, therapists and counseling in the treatment of cancer for reducing obsession may benefit from paying attention to Islamic QoL and defensive styles.

Psychological factors play an essential role in many cardiovascular diseases. This study was designed to predict heart function based on type D personality and depression in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
 
Materials: This research was a correlational study. The statistical population of this study included all 234 patients with acute myocardial infarction ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction who had referred to Fatemeh Zahra Hospital in Sari city in 2019 which had underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Using the Cochran's formula, 144 patients were selected by available method and responded to the D personality questionnaire of Denolet and Depression Inventory Short of Beck.

Findings revealed a significant relationship between D personality and depression with heart function [P<0.01]. Also it can be stated that D personality and depression can predict heart function [P≤0.01].

Type D personality and depression play a role in the incidence of heart disease and the prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction. Screening for this personality type along with the depressive disorder in heart function is required by therapists.