hamid hojjati

 The aim of the present study was to design a model of self-care culture for the elderly, which was conducted using a mixed approach.

 This research is developmental in terms of its objective and is descriptive-correlational based on its methodology, utilizing Excel software for analysis. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of 28 academic experts in the fields of medicine, nursing, and sociology. These experts were selected based on criteria such as experience, relevance of academic discipline, educational degree, university teaching, and research and publication background in this area, using purposive and snowball sampling methods.

 The output of this stage included 47 categories in the form of 6 components (self-care knowledge, self-care self-efficacy, self-care skills, spiritual self-care discipline, self-care self-centeredness, and social self-care norms). Self-care knowledge is the foundation for developing a self-care culture among the elderly. Spiritual self-care discipline and self-care self-centeredness fall into the dependent cluster, meaning they are primarily the result of the elderly self-care culture model and changes in other components of the model lead to changes in these components. Additionally, self-care self-efficacy is in the interdependent cluster, indicating that this component is dynamic and any change in it can affect the model. Self-care knowledge also lies in the independent cluster and influences other components.

 The self-care culture model provides the groundwork for creating conditions and infrastructures that lead to the empowerment of individuals and society for self-care.

 Spouses of veterans face many psychological problems, so it is necessary to use different methods to manage the care of veterans and their spouses.

 This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the extended parallel process model (EPPM) on the self-efficacy of spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

 The present study was semi-experimental research carried out by control and intervention groups with a pre-test and post-test design. Thirty veterans' spouses were selected randomly and divided into two groups: the control group (15 people) and the group trained with EPPM (15 people). The intervention type was the training, and the method of implementation of the intervention was holding six sessions. The training was based on EPPM; each session was 30 to 40 minutes. The parenting self-agency measure (PSAM) questionnaire evaluated the self-efficacy variable before and after the intervention. Finally, the results were analyzed using statistical tests in the SPSS software Version 21 environment at the significance level (α = 0.05).

 The independent samples t-test showed that the self-efficacy level before the intervention was not significantly different among all two study groups (P=0.18). At the same time, this difference was significant after the intervention (P<0.001). In addition, based on the paired samples t-test, there was no significant difference in the level of self-efficacy in the pre-and post-intervention steps for the control group (P=0.89). At the same time, the above-mentioned subject had a significant difference for the group of trained with EPPM (P<0.001).

 Based on the results, the EPPM Model had a significant positive effect on the self-efficacy of spouses of veterans with PTSD. Therefore, the model above should be implemented continuously to improve how veteran care is managed and planned for veterans' spouses.

Post-traumatic stress disorder is considered as one of the invisible complications of war. Spouses of post-traumatic stress disorder veterans are considered indirect victims of war. They endure a lot of  burden of care and Pressure. Therefore, this study was carried out with the aim of the effect of the developed parallel process model on the burden of care for the spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.

This semi-experimental study was conducted on 30 spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder in Torbat Heydarieh city in 1401 by simple random allocation sampling method. The collection tool was the  burden of  care questionnaire. In the test group, 6 sessions (30-40) of minutes once a week were conducted based on the structures of the parallel developed parallel process model. After collecting the data, it was analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software.

The findings showed rabies (eta = 0.69, P < 0.01). Thus, 69% of care burden changes can be related to the parallel process model developed.

Considering the effectiveness of the developed parallel process model on reducing the care burden of veterans spouses, it is suggested that managers and health practitioners use these complementary and non-pharmacological treatment methods to improve and enhance the health and performance of veterans and their family members.

Adolescence coincides with the occurrence of risky behaviors. These high-risk behaviors lead to unpleasant and destructive physical, psychological, and social consequences. Based on an extended parallel process model, if people do not believe that they are at high risk for disease or health hazards. More to deal with it are more sensitive. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of the effect of the extended parallel process model on the risk of female adolescents in Aliabad Katoul in 2020.

This semi-experimental study was performed on 50 female students of Sama School in 2020 in AliAbad Katoul city in Golestan province, randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The data collection tool is the Iranian Adolescents Risk-Taking Scale (IARS). In the experimental group, 8  sessions (45-60) minutes were performed in groups of 6-7 people based on the extended parallel process model duration of 8 weeks. Data were collected in two experimental-control groups before and after the intervention

ANCOVA test showed a significant difference by removing the effect of pretest (p <0.01, Eta = 0.15). Also, the extended parallel process model affects all dimensions of risky behavior.

The results showed that the extended parallel process model reduces high-risk behaviors in adolescent girls. Therefore, nursing theories and health models can be used as a low-cost but effective educational method to increase awareness and prevent high-risk behaviors.

 Caring for war veterans causes suffering and stress in their caregivers. Therefore, it is necessary to use non-pharmacological methods to reduce anxiety and increase the resilience of caregivers.

 The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of spiritual self-care patterns (SSCP) on the resilience of spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

 This semi-experimental study was conducted on 30 spouses of veterans with PTSD, who were selected randomly and divided into two groups, including the control group (fifteen people) and the experimental group (fifteen people). For the experimental group, training intervention was implemented by SSCP, while no intervention was performed for the control group. The Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RIS) questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of resilience. Finally, the results obtained before and after the intervention were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and relevant statistical tests at a significance level of α = 0.05.

 The results showed that the mean resilience score in the control group before and after the intervention was 46.5 ± 5.7 and 47.0 ± 6.2, respectively, which did not have a significant difference (P = 0.70). This value for the experimental group was 3.8 ± 44.5 and 8.8 ± 62.5, respectively, and the difference in the average of these two scores was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

 Based on the results, the intervention of training by spiritual self-care pattern (SSCP) can reduce stress and increase the resilience of spouses of veterans with PTSD.

Adolescence is a sensitive and critical stage of human development marked by numerous physical, sexual, and mental changes. Chronic diseases can significantly impact the identity formation process during adolescence due to its unique developmental characteristics. Diabetes, as one such chronic disease, has long-term effects on adolescents, including low sleep quality. Spirituality, particularly in children and adolescents, alongside routine care, can influence how individuals cope with stress, pain intensity, interpersonal relationships, and their overall quality of life, ultimately enhancing the lives of children with chronic diseases.

This experimental study aimed to investigate the impact of spiritual self-care training on the sleep quality of adolescents aged 12 to 20 with diabetes. The study was conducted in Qaemshahr city, with participants recruited from comprehensive urban and rural health service centers, using a simple random allocation method. A pre-test and post-test design was employed, with a total of 66 diabetic teenagers (33 in the test group, 33 in the control group) who provided written consent. Data were collected using the Petersburg Sleep Quality Questionnaire. The test group received training in White's spiritual self-care during six sessions lasting 30 to 45 minutes each. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

Prior to the intervention, the average sleep quality was 15.06±3.4 in the test group and 13.84±3.38 in the control group. After the intervention, the control group's sleep quality improved to 14.26±3.31, while the test group's sleep quality improved significantly to 12.47±3.49 (P < 0.01, Eta = 0.12). Notably, 12% of the improvements in sleep quality were attributed to the spiritual self-care of diabetic adolescents. Significant differences were observed in the components of mental quality of sleep, sleep duration, and daily dysfunction (p < 0.01).

The study highlights the significant role of spiritual self-care training in enhancing the sleep quality of diabetic adolescents, emphasizing the potential for nurses and healthcare workers to provide this training to patients. It is recommended that this research be expanded to include complementary self-care methods in various communities, especially in larger cities. Additionally, longitudinal studies are encouraged to assess the long-term effects of this intervention.

One of the worrisome complications of hip arthroplasty is surgical site infection (SSI). This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SSI after hip arthroplasty.

A comprehensive and systematic exploration was conducted across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, alongside Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex and the Scientific Information Database (SID). This search strategy entailed the utilization of Medical Subject Headings-derived keywords such as "Prevalence," "Surgical wound infection," "Surgical site infection," and "Arthroplasty," spanning from the earliest records up to January 1, 2024. Each study’s weight was assigned based on its inverse variance. A forest plot visualization was used to assess the studies’ heterogeneity. Data on sample size and SSI frequency were compiled for each study to calculate the overall effect size.

The study encompassed a cumulative participant cohort of 1,070,638 hip arthroplasty procedures drawn from seventeen selected studies. Notably, the female gender constituted 59.10% of the overall participant demographic. The aggregate SSI among patients undergoing hip arthroplasty was estimated to be 1.9% (95% CI: 1.3% to 2.8%; I2=99.688%; P<0.001). The results of the meta-regression analysis unveiled a statistically significant correlation between the prevalence of SSIs after hip arthroplasty and the year of publication (Coefficient=-0.0020; 95% CI: -0.0021 to -0.0018; Z=-19.39, P<0.001).

The study findings indicated a prevalence rate of 1.9% for SSI following hip arthroplasty. This prevalence underscores the importance of vigilance in infection prevention and management strategies within orthopedic surgery. However, it is essential to acknowledge the variability in SSI prevalence observed across diverse studies, which can be attributed to multifaceted factors, notably variances in patient populations and associated risk factors. 

 Children with asthma have a low quality of life because they cannot adequately be physically active. Asthmatic children can benefit from home-based pulmonary rehabilitation because it is available, inexpensive, and easy to use.

 This study aimed to determine the effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on the quality of life of children with asthma.

 This experimental study was conducted in 2022 on 60 asthmatic children in Gorgan, Iran, with two intervention and control groups by convenient method. Children in the intervention group received eight pulmonary rehabilitation sessions at home after randomly assigning the participants to two intervention (30-person) and control (30-person) groups. The data collection tools included a demographic characteristic form and a pediatric quality of life questionnaire (PedsQl).

 The mean quality of life before the intervention was 54.6 ± 7.13 in the intervention and 53.76 ± 7.12 in the control group, and the independent t-test did not show a significant difference between the two groups. The mean quality of life after the intervention increased to 59.9 ± 7.69 in the intervention and 55.3 ± 7.36 in the control group, and the independent t-test showed a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.01).

 Based on the results, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation effectively improved the asthmatic pediatric quality of life. Therefore, the healthcare system should consider home-based pulmonary rehabilitation as part of the treatment protocol.

 Cardiopulmonary arrest is one of the most critical medical emergencies in the emergency department. Nurses’ knowledge and skills play an essential role in successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Therefore, holding in-service training courses is considered vital.

 This study evaluated the effectiveness of an in-service training course (ISTC) on adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) based on the Kirkpatrick model.

 This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 50 emergency department nurses of 5-Azar Hospital in Gorgan, Iran. Training effectiveness was implemented on the four levels of Kirkpatrick's model (including reaction, learning, performance, and findings). The raw data were analyzed by the SPSS version 21 software with descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (including Paired t-test and Independent Samples t-test) in a significant level of α = 0.05.

 The overall effectiveness of ISTC for adult CPR was reported as 83.23%. The chance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation success increased from 25% in the first six months to 53% in the second six months. In addition, the effectiveness of ISTC was observed in the four levels of the Kirkpatrick model.

 Based on the findings, in-service CPR training had a favorable effect on all four levels of the Kirkpatrick model for nurses. The findings of this study significantly increased the efficiency of personnel because evaluating the quality of training courses made them more effective.

Adolescence is one of the sensitive and important stages of human development, and the presence of diabetes in adolescents has many complications, one of which is insomnia. Spiritual care, especially for teenagers, along with routine care, can affect and improve their quality of life by dealing with stress.

The present study is a randomized clinical trial study, which was carried out by a simple random allocation method of pre-test and post-test type on 66 diabetic adolescents (33 in the test group, 33 in the control group) aged 12 to 20 years, referring to urban comprehensive health service centers and Village of Qaimshahr in 1401 after obtaining consent and ensuring the confidentiality of the received information. The data collection tool was the ISI Insomnia Severity Questionnaire. The test group was taught White's spiritual self-care during 6 sessions of 30 to 45 minutes. At the end, the data was entered into spss22 software and then the information was analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

The average intensity of insomnia in the test group before the intervention was 19.91±1.4 and in the control group was 20.88±2.57 and after the intervention in the test group it was 18.45±2.18 and in the control group reached 20.45±1.34, a significant difference was seen. With analysis of variance by removing the effect of the pre-test, a significant difference was observed.

Based on the results of the study in diabetic adolescents, spiritual self-care training improves the severity of insomnia. It is suggested that this study be followed up in the long term.

Fear of sleep is one of the disorders of veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder.

Due to the importance of investigating the factors related to sleep fear, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sleep fear and death anxiety in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.

This descriptive correlational study was performed on 125 veterans of post-traumatic stress disorder in Golestan province in 2020. The sampling method of this study is the census. Data collection tools are Sleep Inventory-Short Form (FOSI-SF) and Templer Death Anxiety Questionnaire. The collected information were analyzed with statistical software SPSS 21 and Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation coefficient tests were used to analyze data.

The rate of fear of sleep was 47.52±14.27 and the rate of death anxiety was 9.69±2.56. Spearman correlation coefficient test showed a significant relationship (P = 0.002, r = -0.27). So that increasing the fear of sleep increases the level of death anxiety.
Discussion and

The results of this study showed that by reducing the fear of sleep, the rate of death anxiety decreases. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to the sleep health of veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress.

Nowadays, cancer is one of the most critical health problems. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of the Johnson Behavioral Model on the anxiety of mothers of children with cancer.

This empirical study was done on 66 mothers of children with cancer in the centers covered by children with cancer in 2020. The samples were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Spielberger demographic and anxiety inventory. After data collection, data analysis was done in SPSS18 using descriptive statistics and independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square test, fisher, and covariance test. The significant level was set at 0.05.

The anxiety level was equal to 112.39±18.22 and 111±20.07 before intervention and equal to 81.21±6012 and 108.42±18.37 after the intervention in the intervention and control group, respectively. The independent t-test showed no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention (Pvalue=0.769). However, the difference was significant after the intervention (Pvalue<0.01). The paired t-test showed a significant difference between the two groups before and after the intervention in the intervention (Pvalue=0.001) and control (Pvalue<0.001) groups.

The results obtained from this study showed that the Johnson theory plays a key role in reducing the anxiety of mothers of children with cancer.

Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in the elderly. Adherence to a medication regimen plays an important role in preventing and controlling the effects of this disease. Theory-based training programs have a vital role in changing behaviors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of extended parallel process model (EPPM) on adherence to the medication regimen of the type 2 diabetic elderly.

This experimental study was performed on 60 diabetic elderly patients in two experimental and control groups in Gonbad City in 2019 via simple random sampling. The data were collected using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). In the experimental group, six 30-45-minute training sessions were held based on Kim Wittechr('39')s EPPM. The control group received routine care. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 with descriptive statistics (table, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent sample t-test, independent t-test and ANCOVA).

The results showed no significant difference in the experimental and control groups before the intervention (p=0.2), but no significant difference was observed after the intervention (p=0.04). Moreover, ANCOVA indicated a significant difference by removing the effect of pre-test (p=0.004, Eta=0.13) so that 13% of changes in adherence to the medication regimen could be developed based on the implementation of the EPPM.

The results suggested that the EPPM increased adherence to the medication regimen in diabetic elderly patients. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used as a low-cost but effective therapeutic intervention in the education and care of diabetic patients.

 Sleep disorders are one of the most common problems in the postwar stress veterans facing. Spirituality, as one of the dimensions of mental health, plays an important role in the physical, psychological and social consequences of this disorder.

 The present study aimed to investigate the effect of pure heart-based spiritual care model on veterans’ sleep quality.

 This quasi-experimental study was performed on 60 veterans referring to a selected military hospital in Mashhad in 2020. Samples were divided into test and control groups non-randomly. The test group received a pure heart-based spiritual care training in 60-45-minute 5 sessions lasting 5 weeks. Data were collected using the Demographic Questionnaire and the PSQI Sleep Quality Scale (PSQI)then analyzed by the  statistical tests of independent t-test، paired t-test using SPSS 20 (Sig <0.05).

 The quality of sleep of the veterans before the intervention in the experimental group (13.03±3.27) and control (12.83±3.2) was not statistically significant (P= 0.8). However, after the intervention, the mean quality of sleep of the veterans in the experimental group (11.13±2.62) and control (13±3.51) was statistically significant (P=0.023). Thus, 6% of postoperative changes are caused by the effect of the intervention (Eta = 0.6, P= 0.02)

 According to the results, post-traumatic stress disorder has played a significant role in the quality of sleep of veterans. Therefore planners and health managers, as well as related physicians, are required to consider preventive and therapeutic measures to increase the quality of sleep of veterans.

 Premature birth and hospitalization in the intensive care unit cause many crises and stresses for mothers. In the meantime, narration writing is a method of counseling to reduce motherschr('39') stress. Therefore, we aimed to study the effect of maternal narration on the stress of mothers of premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

 This experimental study was performed on mothers of neonates admitted to the intensive care units. The experimental and control groups were selected by simple random sampling method. In the experimental group, based on the instructions given, the mothers recorded their daily events 3 times a day. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS V. 21 with descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t-test, independent t-test, ANCOVA test).

 The Mean±SD score of stress was 97.43±2.66 in the experimental group and 95.26±5.76 in the control group before the intervention. The stress level of mothers was 84.9±5.35 in the experimental group after the intervention and 87.1±5.25 in the control group. The covariance test showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P=0.03 and Eta= 0.07) so that 7% of stress reduction changes are related to motherschr('39') narration.

 This study showed that narrative writing as an effective supportive intervention has a vital role in reducing stress in mothers of neonates admitted to the intensive care unit.

Adolescents often struggle with changes in blood sugar levels due to developing conditions. A major part of diabetes management is improving self-efficacy and increasing treatment-dependency. The education provided on theory-based approaches is considered one of the most basic methods of treatment and control of diseases. The extended parallel process model is also regarded as one of the healthcare training models. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the extended parallel process model on the self-efficacy of diabetic adolescents, Golestan Province, Iran, in 2019.

This classic interventional study with a pretest-posttest control group design was conducted on 50 diabetic adolescents in Golestan Province selected by simple random sampling method in 2019. The intervention group received an educational program based on the extended parallel process model in 5-6-people per group for 5 sessions of 45-60 min twice weekly. The required data were collected using a demographic form and the Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (version 23) using tables and mean scores for descriptive statistics and independent t-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA for inferential statistics.

The results of the ANOVA test, by removing the effect of the pretest, showed that teaching the extended parallel process model was effective on the self-efficacy of diabetic adolescents (Eta=0.63, P<0.01) predicting that 63% of posttest changes were attributed to the implementation of the intervention.

According to the findings, education based on the extended parallel process model and follow-ups after training sessions could increase the self-efficacy of adolescents with diabetes. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to educate diabetic patients in clinics and medical centers.

education via SMS and telegram reminder system can be used as a way of providing medication adherence education programs and can be considered as an alternative approach to individual and group education programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of SMS and telegram reminder education on adherence to medication regimen in teenager with Type 1 Diabetes.

This study was an experimental before and after type study which performed on 68 teenagers 12-16 years with type 1 diabetes in Gorgan, Iran. Samples were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n = 23 SMS , n = 22 telegram) and control (n = 22). The SMS and Telegram groups received a 12-week medication adherence education program (3 messages per week). Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and medication regimen scale and using SPSS V.21 software, were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical tests.

The results showed that the mean adherence to the medication regimen showed no significantly different among the telegram (P = 0.74), SMS (P = 0.56) and control (P = 0.45) groups.

According to the results, designing educational interventions with an emphasis on increasing patientschr('39') awareness of drug adherence to drug regimen seems necessary. Therefore, the findings of this study can be used to educate patients in clinics and health centers.

Diabetes is an increasingly important health concern and causes serious complications. Most adolescents struggle with blood sugar changes due to the growing conditions of puberty and reduced adherence to treatment. Meanwhile, one of the problems of the health system is not following treatment among adolescents which is affected by social factors. Considering that training based on theoretical approaches is one of the most basic methods of treatment and control of chronic diseases, this study aims to influence the pattern of the parallel process developed on compliance with the diet of diabetic adolescents in Golestan province in 2019.

This classical intervention study with pre-test and post-test with two intervention and control groups was conducted on 50 diabetic adolescents in Golestan province using simple random sampling method in 2019. In the intervention group, based on the developed parallel process model, the content of the training program was presented in 5 sessions of 45 to 60 minutes as a group in groups of 5-6 people twice a week. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 23 with the help of descriptive statistics (table, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t, even t, ANOVA).

ANCOVA test showed a significant difference (p <0.01 and Eta = 0.25) with the elimination of the pre-test effect so that probably 25% of the post-test changes are due to training and intervention.

According to the findings, training based on the pattern of the parallel development process and follow-up after training sessions can increase compliance with the drug regimen for adolescents with diabetes. The findings of this study can be used to instruct and educate diabetic patients in clinics and medical centers.

Childrenchr('39')s intellectual disability is a worrying factor for adaptation that families face in different societies. present study with the aim of determining the impact of the impact of Roy theory on social adjustment of mothers of these children.

The present study was experimental design with pre-test and post-test design and two groups (case and control) on 50 mothers of Childrenchr('39')s intellectual disability 6-14 in Gonbad-Kavoos city in 96 years. Sampling was done randomly. The mothers were divided into two groups of intervention and control and completed the demographic and Bell( Bell adjustment questionnaires). The intervention group completed 8 training(based on the Roy theory) sessions of 45 minutes. Two months later, both groups completed the questionnaires again.

The mean and standard deviation of  adaptation in the experimental group before intervention 20.44 ± 9.9 and 21.4 ± 8.96 after intervention, the control group before intervention was 22.64 ± 9.12 and after intervention 23.2 ± 7.79. Independent t-test between two groups, before intervention, P = 0.55 and after intervention, P = 0.14 showed no significant difference. T-test before and after intervention in the test group (P = 0/48) and control group (P = 0/57) did not show any significant difference. The covariance test with the elimination of the pre-test effect between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention. Mean difference Did not show any significant difference (P = 0.16). With an Eta of 0.04, only %0.04 of the intervention affected.

IN the study,the training based on the Roy theory did not effect on Social adaptation of mothers of children with intellectual disability.

Thalassemia is one of the most common chronic diseases and causes many adverse effects on the life of the child and parents, especially the mother. Additionally, maternal compatibility can help to cope with these problems and ability to deal with challenges. One of the practical patterns in nursing is Roy Adaption Model. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Roy Adaption Model  on the resilience of mothers of children with thalassemia.

In a clinical trial study at Taleghani Pediatric Hospital of Gonbadkavous, 54 mothers with children with thalassemia were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into two intervention and control groups. Training was conducted based on the ROY adaptation pattern in 8 sessions in two months. Data were gathered using a Demographic and Connor  Davidson Resiliency Questionnaire

There was no significant difference between the two groups before  intervention (P = 0.14). There was a significant difference in test group before and after the intervention (p <0.01). also after elimination the pre-test effect There was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p <0.01).

education based on Roy Adaption Model  has a positive effect on the resilience of mothers of children with thalassemia, therefore it is recommended that attention be paid to the needs of parents in child care programs. This will increase the motherchr('39')s resilience to the disadvantages and, consequently, the child. It is suggested that the impact of this model on children is also assessed.

Nowadays, mobile phone and Internet usage, along with all the advantages. Negative consequences such as cellphone addiction that disrupt students' social skills and lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mobile phone dependency and social skills of students in Gonbad Kavous city in 1397.

This descriptive correlational study was performed on 400 female students of Gonbadkavus city using cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was the standard questionnaire of mobile dependency (COS) and social control questionnaire (TISS). Data analysis was done by Spearman correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis test.

The rate of social dependency on mobile phone was 61.69 +13.49 social skills 139.55 +19 19.49. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between these two variables(P<0/01, r=-0/26) With the increasing dependence on mobile phones has reduced social skills.

The results of this study showed that social skills decrease with increasing dependence on mobile phones. Therefore, educational managers and planners should invest in filling leisure time and educating students and enhancing life skills, taking advantage of new technologies and opportunities.

Abortive and deprived children are deprived of effective parental support as well as family benefits.   Care, empathic understanding and participation, Transparent power structure and problem solving are essential family functions. One of the most important ways to solve conflicts is the problem solving skill. Aim of this study was Determining the Effect of Story-writing on the problem-solving skills of 8-12 year-old children living in Permanent Residential Centers

Experimental pre-post-test with two groups of Intervention and Control group. This Experimental study conducted Single-blind study and parallel groups with a sample size of 22 individuals in each group in Permanent Residential Centers. In test group, children undergo independent variable Story-writing for 45 minutes in one session twice a week for 8 times. the Control group did not receive any intervention and received the usual care of the centers. The instrument used in this study was Cassidy and Long questionnaire.

The problem-solving skills did not differ significantly between the two groups before and after the intervention (P = 0.14), but this test showed a significant difference between the two groups after intervention (P <0.001)

The results of this study showed that cognitive-behavioral interventions such as storytelling can be useful for children with special conditions and lead to growth and cognitive development. Interventions such as story writing, storytelling and narrative therapy can put children in situations and use their imagination to enhance their skills such as problem solving skills.

Hospitalization of a child is one of the main causes of stress and anxiety for parents. Considering the importance of providing family-based care, understand the need of parents by nurses is of particular importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the needs of parents and nursing support of hospitalized children.

In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 150 parents of children admitted to the pediatric ward of hospital for at least 24 hours were selected by convenience sampling method. Parents' needs were assessed by individual interview using two questionnaires of "the needs of hospitalized children’s parents" and "nursing support of parents".

The mean and standard deviation of parents’ needs was 152.78 ± 2.35 and nursing support was 72.01 ± 16.52. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant and direct correlation between the needs of parents of admitted children and nursing support (r = 0.45, p <0.01).

With the increasing needs for parents, the need for nursing support also increased. Understanding the needs of parents by medical staff, especially nursing staff plays an important role in the provision of nursing care and support. Therefore, by increasing the understanding of nursing needs and support, we will increase the quality of care and satisfaction of patients and their caregivers

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, and one of its treatments is adherence to a diet. Numerous studies have shown that the most effective training programs are according to theory-based approaches. Extended parallel process paradigms are among health education models on the basis of fear, sensitivity, and self-efficacy of patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of the extended parallel process model on diet adherence of type II diabetic patients.

This experimental study was performed in two randomly divided intervention (n=30) and control (n=30) groups at Gonbad Kavous Diabetic Clinic in Golestan, Iran, in 2019. The control group received routine care education for diabetic patients, and the experimental group received six sessions of 45-60 min training with the extended parallel process model. The data collection tool was a 34-item diet adherence questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS  software (version 21) using paired t-test, independent t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

The results of ANCOVA after the removal of the pretest showed a significant difference between the two groups in terms of dietary compliance (P<0.01; Eta=0.28). Accordingly, 28% of posttest changes could be due to the extended parallel pattern training.

Extended parallel process pattern increases diet adherence in diabetic patients. Therefore, based on the results of this study and effectiveness of the extended parallel process model on diabetic adherence of diabetic patients, it can be concluded that self-efficacy as a predictor of diet adherence is predictive of disease control and complications.

Hospitalization of children is one of the main causes of anxiety and concern for families. Mothers of sick children need emotional support to provide effective care and adequate support for their children.

Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between parental concerns and nursing support of hospitalized children.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 mothers of children admitted to the Pediatric Ward of Baqiyatallah Al-Azam Hospital in Ali Abad Katoul, Golestan province, Iran, in 2018. The children were hospitalized for at least 24 h, and were selected by the convenience sampling method. Concerns of mothers were measured by the Parental Concerns Questionnaire and nursing support was assessed by the Nursing Support of Parents Questionnaire through individual interviews. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 software at a significance level of 5%.

The mean scores of mothers’ concerns and nursing support were 16.6 ± 5.6 and 72.01 ± 16.52, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship between nursing support and mothers’ concerns (r = -0.22, P = 0.004).

Mothers’ concerns are decreased by increasing nursing support. By identifying factors effective in decreasing mothers’ concerns, the treatment team members, especially nurses, can play an important role in providing nursing care and support for mothers of hospitalized children. Therefore, increasing self-confidence of mothers and providing nursing support for them will increase the quality of care and satisfaction of patients and their caregivers, especially the mothers