saeedeh al-sadat hosseini

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and compassion-based therapy on reducing mental rumination, anxiety and worry of obsessive-compulsive patients. The method of the present study was a quasi-experimental experimental method in terms of data collection and its research design was a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The study population consisted of all patients referred to counseling and psychological clinics in District 5 of Tehran. Sampling method The present study was purposive stepwise cluster sampling. Based on previous research, 15 people were selected for each group, which was a total of 45 people. Two educational packages and two questionnaires were used to evaluate the dependent variables of the research. First, the subjects in this study were trained in metacognitive skills for 8 weeks and 16 sessions of 90 minutes, then for 8 weeks and 16 sessions of each session, 90 minutes were trained in Self- Compassion. The Yousefi Ruminant Questionnaire (2005), the Connor Anxiety Questionnaire (2000) and the Pennsylvania State Anxiety Inventory (PSWQ) were used to diagnose obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. The results of analysis of covariance showed that metacognitive therapy and compassion-based therapy reduced mental rumination, anxiety and worry of obsessive-compulsive patients. The results also showed that there was no significant difference between the mean mental rumination, anxiety and worry of the clients in the first experimental group (metacognitive) and the second experimental group (self-compassion) in the sense that metacognitive education and compassion are equal. They can reduce mental rumination, anxiety and worry. When obsessive-compulsive patients become aware of their skills, talents, feelings, beliefs, attitudes, and cognitive and social abilities, and thus overcome their mental rumination, anxiety, and worry, they perform well and by doing Assignments at the right time and with the right quality gain experience in treatment success.

Cosmetic surgery is one of the most common phenomena in recent decades. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among cosmetic surgery applicants are high, so exploring the procedures and variables affecting their psychological damage is essential.

This study aimed to evaluate the mediated role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology in females applying for cosmetic surgery.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on the 300 females applying for cosmetic surgery in Kermanshah who were selected via simple random sampling. The collected data were analyzed using the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) (Collins and Read), early maladaptive schemas (Young), and the Scale of psychological disorders symptoms (SCL-90-R) (Derogatis et al.) via SPSS software version 22 and LISREL 8/8.

The study’s hypothetical model fitted the experimental data. The relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology, directly and indirectly, was significant (P < 0.05). The analysis results indicated a mediated role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology (P < 0.05).

Attachment styles and early maladaptive schemas can effectively prevent, diagnose, and treat psychological damage and improve the psychological level of females applying for cosmetic surgery.

Aim and Background:

So far, several therapeutic approaches, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, have been used for patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and researchers are trying to determine the effectiveness of each of these approaches. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of drug therapy, neural feedback and integrated psychological interventions (parent education, play therapy and cognitive education) on behavioral problems of ADHD.

Methods and Materials:

The research method was quasi-experimental and the pre-test-post-test-follow-up and control group design. The statistical population included all children aged 9 to 12 years in Hamedan. Sampling method was Purposive. The psychotherapy group received medication daily for 12 weeks. The neural feedback group received 24 sessions of 45 minutes twice a week. The group of integrated psychological interventions received training for 24 sessions. Participants were assessed using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Fourth Edition Scale to assess the clinical signs of ADHD, the College Neuropsychological Test to measure executive function, and the Rutter form Behavioral Problems Self-Report Scale. Multivariate analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that combined psychological interventions were more effective in the behavioral problems variable and all its components compared to drug therapy and neurological feedback, which was also significant in the quarterly follow-up (p≤0.001).

It seems that integrated psychological interventions can be an effective and lasting treatment for behavioral problems in children with ADHD and can replace other therapeutic approaches such as medication and neurological feedback.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the most common and challenging disorders in childhood and adolescence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapy on executive functions, behavioral problems and clinical symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.

This experimental study was performed by measuring quarterly follow-up with two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Participants were matched by Purposive sampling method based on their level of intelligence and type of disorder. The psychotherapy group received medication daily for 12 weeks. Participants were assessed using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Fourth Edition Scale to assess the clinical signs of ADHD, the College Neuropsychological Test to assess executive function, and the Rutterform Behavioral Problems Self-Report Scale. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) has been used to test the research hypotheses.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in all post-test variables of executive functions, behavioral problems and clinical symptoms and their components (P≤0.05).

According to the results, it seems that drug therapy is an effective intervention to treat the mentioned variables.

Many studies have investigated the efficacy of emotional schema therapy on marital problems of couples and the problems of emotional adjustment and marital satisfaction of couples. But research investigating the efficacy of emotional schema therapy on the problems of emotion regulation and marital satisfaction in maladaptive women of the first decade of life has been neglected.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotional schema therapy on emotional regulation problems and marital satisfaction of maladaptive women in the first decade of life.

This study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population consisted of all women with marital maladjustment referred to counseling and psychological services in Andisheh in 2018. Thirty individuals were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental (n = 15). Research tools include: Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (Ellison, 1998), Ernst J. DQ Disability Questionnaire. Beerless and Daniel P. Sternberg (1977), Grazchr('39')s Emotion Regulation Disorders Questionnaire (2004), and Lehi et al. (2015, 2019) training package for Emotional Schema Therapy. Data were analyzed using single and multivariate analysis of covariance.

Emotional schema therapy increased the mean scores of marital satisfaction in the schema therapy group and increased the mean score of emotional regulation in the schema therapy group (P< 0/001).

Emotional schema therapy increased marital satisfaction and emotion regulation and its components in couples.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on reducing rumination and anxiety in obsessive-compulsive patients. The method of the present study was a quasi-experimental experimental method in terms of data collection and its research design was a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The study population consisted of all patients referred to counseling and psychological clinics in District 5 of Tehran. Sampling method The present study was purposive stepwise cluster sampling. Based on previous research, 15 people were selected for each group, which was a total of 30 people. Metacognitive therapy training package and two questionnaires were used to evaluate the dependent variables of the research. In this study, subjects were trained in metacognitive skills for 8 weeks and 16 sessions of 90 minutes. It was used according to the latest DSM 5 criteria. The results of analysis of covariance showed that metacognitive therapy reduced rumination and anxiety in obsessive-compulsive patients. When obsessive-compulsive patients become aware of their skills, talents, feelings, beliefs, attitudes, and cognitive and social abilities, and thus overcome their mental rumination and anxiety, they are therefore performing well and doing their homework. At the right time and with the right quality, they will experience successful treatment.

The present study intended to examine the relationship between problem-solving skill and drug abuse among self-introduced male addicts in Kermanshah City. In terms of purpose, this is an applied research and the method of the study is descriptive correlational. The statistical population included all of the male addicts who referred to state and private treatment-centers of Kermanshah City in 2016. Using random convenience sampling, 120 people were chosen as sample. The data was collected via Linda et al. Social Problem-Solving Inventory (2000), and drug abuse personal information. To analyze the data, SPSS software was used. The findings showed that there is a relationship between problem-solving skill and drug abuse among self-introduced male addicts. The findings also showed that drug abuse among self-introduced male addicts can be predicted based on problem-solving skill. The overall results showed that problem-solving skill is related to drug abuse among self-introduced male addicts.

marital conflicts generate psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression in couples and could collapse the marital life. Resolving a couplechr('39')s conflicts depends on their personality traits.  In this regard, cognitive couple therapy uses cognitive and behavioral strategies and life skills training to enhance coupleschr('39') explicit behavior and interaction. This goal is achieved by modifying their thoughts, expectations, interpretations, and responses. In addition to cognitive restructuring, this approach employs various behavioral interventions to enhance coupleschr('39') coping skills. In other words, cognitive couple therapy simultaneously emphasizes the role of cognitive and behavioral processes. It also provides an opportunity for couples to learn the necessary methods to identify and modify their destructive thoughts and behaviors. Subsequently, they could use them when coping with various issues. The present study aimed to determine the effects of cognitive therapy on emotion regulation problems and marital satisfaction in the first decade of marriage.

This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. In total, 30 married individuals who scored lower than the average in the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Graz, 2004) and Marital Satisfaction (Olson, 1989) were selected as the study samples. Accordingly, they were randomly assigned to two groups of control and cognitive therapy. Then, the experimental group couples participated in ten 120–minute sessions of cognitive therapy. One month after the intervention, the groups completed the posttest questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using one–way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) by SPSS.

The present study findings suggested that cognitive therapy increased marital satisfaction (p<0.001) and emotion regulation (p<0.001) in the experimental group.

The collected data revealed that cognitive therapy increased marital satisfaction and emotion regulation and its components in women with marital maladjustment. Therefore, cognitive therapy approach could be used to improve emotion regulation and marital satisfaction among couples and individuals with marital maladjustment in counseling and psychotherapy centers.