zohrehsadat mirmoghtadaie

Nowadays, it is generally accepted that focusing on in-service training can lead to organizational progress and improvements in the training process.

Considering the high prevalence of epilepsy in children and the use of new technologies in education, the purpose of this study was to conduct an electronic educational course on epilepsy classification guidelines based on the guidelines of pediatric neurologists and to evaluate the effectiveness of the course using the Kirkpatrick model.

This study was conducted in 2020. The study population comprised pediatric neurologists from universities of medical sciences throughout the country. Inclusion criteria included participation in the course during the semester, availability, and willingness to participate in the study. Participants entered the study according to their personal preference and provided informed consent, and those who were absent from two or more sessions related to these topics were excluded from the study. The study involved participation in the e-learning course on epilepsy classification according to the guidelines (ILAE 2017). The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula, which resulted in 74 participants. Nineteen of them did not meet the inclusion criteria, and a total of 55 physicians were included in the study. Reaction and learning were the levels considered to evaluate the efficacy of the Kirkpatrick model. To analyze the data, paired t -test and linear regression were used at a significance level of 0.05, using SPSS version 22 statistical software.

The results showed that most participants were satisfied with the e-course. The mean learning and behavior level score was 27.51. The findings indicated that the e-learning of epilepsy classification guidelines according to the guidelines (ILAE 2017) improved the performance of pediatric neurologists (P-value ˂ 0.001).

The results indicate that e-learning guidelines for the classification of epilepsy according to the guidelines (ILAE 2017) can be an effective tool in improving the clinical performance of pediatric neurologists. Applying newer methods such as the Kirkpatrick model would be an effective approach in other fields of health as well. It is recommended to use up-to-date and efficient models, such as the Kirkpatrick model, in the field of health sciences.

Professors in universities and educational institutions hold a crucial role in crafting educational approaches utilizing cutting-edge technologies. They need to possess significant expertise in e-learning and tackle the obstacles associated with delivering education and utilizing Information and communication technologies within higher education. To effectively navigate these challenges and adaptations, professors need to equip themselves with new educational techniques through training and readiness to adeptly incorporate emerging technologies into their teaching practices, thus enhancing the educational journey for students. By identifying, understanding, and ranking professors' requirements and preferences, effective and diverse educational initiatives can be tailored to meet their needs.

This research aimed to recognize the educational needs of medical science professors in the field of e-learning from the experts' point of view and prioritize these needs utilizing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).

This practical study was conducted in 2022 using a process-oriented approach and AHP. The main stages included the creation of a hierarchical structure, comparative judgment, and determining priorities. In the first step, 13 criteria were identified, which were derived from scientific articles and previous research. In the second step, the pairwise comparison matrix was used for comparative judgment, and the weight of each criterion was calculated. The third step involved determining priorities based on the weight of each criterion and the inconsistency ratio. The participants of this study included professors of basic and clinical sciences from different faculties.

The results of this study demonstrated that from the point of view of experts and participants, among the 13 criteria, the skills of virtual teaching (with weights of 0.146 and 0.148), electronic content production (with weights of 0.093 and 0.092), and holding online training courses (with the weights of 0.092 and 0.100) formed the three main needs of medical science professors in the field of e-learning and had the highest degree of importance and necessity compared to other criteria.

Identifying the educational needs of medical science professors for organizing and designing necessary programs to enhance knowledge, skills, and empowerment will lead to improving the quality of e-learning, and eventually, reducing professors’ concerns in this area.

Microlearning is one of the new educational methods that is presented in small units in a short period of time. The aim of this study was to compare two methods of traditional teaching and microlearning in the teaching of nanoliposomes for pharmacy students.

This experimental study was conducted in 1402 on 40 pharmacy students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Students were randomly divided into two groups of traditional education and microlearning. The intervention group received educational content including methods of manufacturing, drug loading, and characterization of pharmaceutical nanoliposomes as microlearning, and the control group also received the common liposome textbook that contains educational content in written form. Educational content was prepared and edited using educational video design software. After the implementation of the intervention, a researcher-made test was used to evaluate the learning in the two groups. The QUIS questionnaire was evaluated regarding validity and reliability and used to measure users' satisfaction with microlearning educational packages. The normality of the distribution of scores was done with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the comparison of two groups with the Mann-Whitney test. Data were analyzed using SPSS.

A total of 40 pharmacy students participated in this study. 20 of them were in the traditional education group (14 women and 6 men) and 20 people were in the microlearning group (12 women and 8 men). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and grade point average. The results showed that the average scores of the two groups had no statistically significant difference (P=0.381). Also, the overall satisfaction level of students with the educational content was 8.07 (out of 10 marks). The highest score (8.7) was related to the ease of working with the educational package and the sequence of demonstration parts in the educational package, and the lowest score (5.9) was related to the speed of the educational videos.

The results of the present study showed that the use of microlearning content in the field of teaching the methods of making liposomes for students, although it did not lead to an increase in students' grades, but it brought about the satisfaction of the majority of them. The microlearning package can be made available to the audience at any time and place, and this makes them satisfied.

A reciprocal relationship exists between disease and the quality of life experienced by individuals afflicted with chronic illnesses. Thalassemia is one such condition that accompanies individuals throughout their entire lives.

This studyaimedto assess the impact of a family-centeredempowermentmodelutilizing mobile learningonthe quality of life of children aged 6 - 12 years diagnosed with thalassemia.

This study adopted a quasi-experimental design involving 172 patients with medical records at the Shafa Thalassemia Center in Ahvaz, Iran. Participants were selected based on inclusion criteria and subsequently divided into two groups: The intervention group and the control group, each comprising 86 individuals. Data collection tools included the children’s quality of life questionnaire (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory [Ped-SQL]) and researcher-designed questionnaires to measure parents’ awareness and self-efficacy in the field of thalassemia. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21) and the Mann-Whitney U statistical test.

The results demonstrated a significant increase in the level of children’s quality of life following the educational intervention within the intervention group when compared to their pre-education status (P < 0.001). Specifically, 54 (62.7%) of the children who received the intervention exhibited a good level of quality of life after the intervention; however, both before and after the educational intervention, the quality of life of 46 (53.4%) of the children in the control group was reported as poor. Furthermore, the implementation of this model led to a significant increase in parents’ awareness (P < 0.001) and self-efficacy (P = 0.002). These improvements were also notably higher than the control group (P < 0.001).

The findings of this study suggest that family-centered mobile learning programs targeted at parents of children with thalassemia can enhance and enrich the quality of life experienced by these children. This approach should be considered an integral part of the care provided to these patients.

Considering the educational value of non-wax and virtual typodonts, in this study, the results of the evaluation were compared to quantify each of the indicators in the evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and performance.

All tenth-semester dental students were divided into 2 equal groups of 25 and were trained by two typodontists. A standard questionnaire with a Cronbach α of .830 was used to evaluate their knowledge and attitude, which was prepared based on a 7-point Likert scale. To analyze the data, the paired t test, independent t test, and analysis of covariance (ANOVA) were used with SPSS version 21. The significance level was set as 0.05.

In each of the 2 educational methods, a significant increase in the overall score of the questionnaire completed by the students was observed after the educational intervention (P < 0.001).  Among the 17 questions related to students, only 1 question in the non-wax typodont group and 4 in the virtual typodont group did not show a significant effect of the intervention (P > 0.05).

  Both typodonts had remarkable educational advantages and accounted for a large share of the points in the questionnaires. In cases where physical sense was important in education, non-wax typodont and in cases where spatial understanding of biomechanics was necessary in tooth movement, virtual typodont was superior.

With the help of the electronic revolution, transformation is taking place in the field of education today. Multimedia training increases learners' comprehension and memorization skills. Considering that a number of multimedia are widely used in education in the third millennium, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of colors promoting teaching and learning with new technologies and modeling based on the teachings of the Qur’an and Hadith through a comparative study.

In this study, the qualitative research method was used to determine the role of colors in the health of third millennium education. Thus, in the first step, concepts and types of colors in Qur’anic and religious concepts were studied using the library method and the literature review approach. In the second step, the effect of colors in third millennium education was analyzed and internal factors affecting education were identified.

In the artistic reflection of the Qur’an, colors and images play a special role and they imply the power of God and Rabbani. Moreover, in the discussion of novel technologies, the selection of appropriate colors can increase the readability of the text on the display and increase benefits such as minimal cognitive load and learning persistence and is one of the most effective ways to increase interaction with learners. Colors can also lead to concentration of thought and / or attention to the pervasive sense of learning.

In the third millennium, education has changed a lot and the electronic revolution has introduced multimedia learning into the education system. Since in this type of learning, images and colors can improve the learning quality, educational designers need to be aware of the psychology of colors and to influence people’s performance.

E-learning is considered the most important technology that can support new teaching-learning approaches. The objective of e-learning is to provide the same access and create the same educational space for all learners at any point, and optimize the methods of presenting course content for deeper and more serious learning.

The present study was conducted to develop a standard framework for the effective implementation of e-learning in medical science education.

This study was conducted in two phases in 2022 using a mixed exploratory method. In the first (qualitative) phase, the initial framework was obtained from a comparative review of existing literature. In the second (quantitative) phase, the calculated standards were prepared in the form of an online questionnaire and sent to 20 e-learning experts in medical sciences. After data analysis, a framework of e-learning standards were proposed.

Nine dimensions and 58 standards were approved as the framework of e-learning standards. The lowest and highest content validity ratio (CVR) based on the analyzes were reported to be 0.77 and 0.88, respectively. As a result, all dimensions and 58 standards were approved. Also, the intraclass correlation (ICC) between 0.75 and 0.90 showed good reliability and high agreement between experts.

Using a standard framework to implement e-learning helps to improve the quality of e-learning courses in medical sciences and brings more trust from internal and external stakeholders in these courses. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the field of education and attempt to make educational organizations work in the best way in any situation, such as the fact that the world has recently been exposed to the o COVID-19 pandemic which led to the tendency of universities to use it.

Using augmented reality (AR) in blended learning in the higher education system has exhibited promising results.

In this study, the effect of using a simple AR-based booklet was evaluated on the learning and practical skills of pharmacy students during a pharmacognosy lab-based course.

A pre-test/post-test controlled trial was designed. The traditional educational booklet was revised by adding experimental videos using QR-code as a simple AR technology. The students’ laboratory skills were scored according to a checklist developed by professionals. The paired t-test was used to compare the mean differences between the pre-test and post-test scores in each group, and ANCOVA was used to compare the mean differences in the post-test scores between the two groups. After adjusting for pre-test scores, ANOVA was used to compare the scores of practical skills between all six groups participating in the lab course.

The mean pre-test scores were not significantly different between the control and intervention groups. No significant differences were noticed between the two groups regarding post-test grades. Generally, the students’ practical skills significantly improved; however, changes were more obvious in some indicators, including the number of blatant mistakes, troubleshooting questions, misidentification of materials, and improper use of equipment. The students were well satisfied with the new educational booklet.

Although AR makes the learning process an interactive, multi-sensory, and enjoyable experience for students, this novel-designed educational booklet for lab courses needs improvements by using more advanced AR technologies in order to completely fulfil the learning objectives of students.

With the emergence of the COVID-19 crisis and the closure of universities, the incremental trend of loading courses on the learning system shows that the spread of the coronavirus has intensified the move towards using new approaches in education in above 70 universities and research institutes. During and at the end of the crisis, the goal is to measure the status and consequences of the rapid growth of blended learning, including students and teachers’ satisfaction and the quality of learning.

In recent years, universities have widely adopted e-learning tools for educational purposes. Learning Management Systems (LMS) have been the core of this new paradigm due to the opportunities that interaction and collaboration tools within LMS provide for educators to enhance the effectiveness of e-learning.

The purpose of this study was to combine flipped classrooms with e-learning facilities to investigate how it influences students' satisfaction with learning. It also investigated the leading and restrictive factors of interactive learning in an e-flipped classroom and the impact of the e-flipped classroom on students.

This paper reports a mixed-method study, following the Levin Model steps, to examine learning satisfaction in the e-flipped classroom. Participants were 12 Master students experiencing flipped classrooms in an e-learning platform in two subsequent semesters in 2019.

Students were interviewed and filled out questionnaires to reflect their experience of an inverted teaching method using LMS. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyze interviews. Two subcategories, "individual achievements" and "educational achievements," and one category, "learning satisfaction," were obtained. The t test was applied to analyze the questionnaire results at the p value of 0.05 as the significance level. The response rate to the questionnaire was 83%.

Students were significantly satisfied with the program and reported no dissatisfaction. Further, the pedagogical and motivational factors and LMS features were the leading factors of an effective e-flipped paradigm. However, individual limitations, infrastructure deficiencies, and ethical considerations may restrict the effectiveness of an e-flipped program.

The set of learning and experiences gained by learners is not limited to formal and explicit curriculum, and there are inevitably other factors besides the explicit curriculum. These factors are valuable opportunities that can enrich the learning experience and, on the other hand, are threats that challenge the education system if ignored.

The purpose of this review was to summarize evidence on the hidden curriculum in online education. Data Sources: This study is a systematized review of scientific-research articles in the field of hidden curriculum in online education. For this purpose, databases of Scopus, Ovid, web of science, PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest, ERIC, and Science Direct were searched. No restrictions were placed on the year of publication.

Out of 487 articles after excluding irrelevant articles, nine articles were included in this study for full-text review. Of the nine studies reviewed, the hidden curriculum in online education has been improved in one study. Individual characteristics of the learning environment (self-esteem, vulnerability, social acceptance, stress) in two studies, learning environment in five studies, interaction in three studies, teaching and evaluation methods in one study, rules and regulations in two studies, and teaching time in one study have been identified as the main factors behind the formation of a hidden curriculum in online education.

The hidden curriculum is a reflection of what students receive in the learning environment; so we need to pay attention to this environment. A review of studies in the hidden e-learning curriculum showed that the hidden curriculum is important because it has a strong influence on the learners in many ways. Online education, like traditional education, has latent learning that can affect education.

Animation can recreate events that are difficult to show in the real world or visualize in the mind. so, it seems to be useful in teaching courses such as anatomy, which has many intangible concepts.

This study was quasi-experimental. The statistical population included pharmacy students who were randomly substituted in two groups of 30 experimental and control using a random number table. The experimental group was trained in the circulatory and urinary systems in the form of animation and the control group was trained in lecture using the lecture method, which is the common method of teaching these articles. The level of learners 'knowledge was assessed through a researcher-made test based on the table of objective-content characteristics as pre-test and post-test and students' attitudes were assessed through a standard user satisfaction questionnaire.

The usage of animation had a positive effect on the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy students and there was a clear difference between the mean points of the experimental and control groups in the post-test with a 95% confidence level. Based on analysis of covariance, at the knowledge level, the effect size was estimated to be 0/38 and at the Attitude level, this value was estimated at 0/40.

Using animation in teaching anatomy course in the field of pharmacy, a new structure and showing content related to the circulatory and urinary systems in the form of two-dimensional moving images, and performing various skills include showing the correct method and location of incision in dissecting organs and creating better visualization of the subject matter, will increase the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy students.

Nursing managers have a significant and important role in the delivery of health services. It is essential to educate and develop these managers. The purpose of this study was to determine and prioritize the educational needs of nursing managers in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. All the nursing managers employed in governmental hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were studied. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS22 software.

The results of this study on the demographic findings of nursing managers in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences showed that most of the subjects had a more than 25 years of service experience in nursing education. The priority of the needs of nursing managers was the safety and control of infection (with the mean of 2.49), followed by the domain of communication, ethics, and professional rules (with the mean of 2.48) and the lowest priority was related to the average education (2.16).

Regarding the important role of nursing managers in hospitals and the necessity of continuing education and their impact on their job skills, educational planning should be based on educational needs. Based on the results, accurate and realistic planning could be done in the field of training nursing managers.

Support services are a very important element for all educational institutions. The aims of this study were to explore the components of the student support system in blended learning for universities of medical sciences in Iran.

The present study was performed qualitative with exploratory approach. The tool used to collect data was a semi‑structured interview, after conducting interviews with 17 e‑learning experts and specialists of universities of medical sciences, we reached information saturation. The study was conducted at Aja University of Medical Sciences in Tehran in 2020. Data analysis was performed as Thematic Content Analysis by Attride‑Stirling method.

From the content analysis of the interviews, 6 main themes and 19 sub‑themes were obtained. Main themes included “Scientific- cognitive Support”, “Systematic Support”, “Human Resource Support”, “Emotional Support”, “Technical Support” and “Financial- economic Support”.

Based on the results of this study, 6 basic components and its subcomponents of the student support system were obtained. It is suggested that the educational officials of medical universities with blended learning use the results of this study in setting up their student support system for academic success in e‑learning and medical students.

Professionalism is an important measure of the efficacy of the medical education. Some studies showed that dominant values changed during clinical education, and some negative values might replace positive ones. In this regard, this study aimed to explore barrier to professionalism in clinical medical education.

This was a qualitative study conducted with the content analysis method. A total of 34 interviews with 23 participants were done.

Two hundred forty‑eight original codes were extracted from the research data, which were classified under the theme of “Academic Exhaustion” and the four following categories: “stressful environment, “human conflict,” “Poor Inter professional collaboration,” and “emotional exhaustion.”

It can be admitted that having full knowledge of the factors influencing professionalism from the viewpoint of stakeholders can improve the environmental and organizational conditions to prevent professional misconduct.

Capability is built upon knowledge and wisdom,and scientific progress and development is associated withwealth production, national and international authority, andindependence. To promote scientific development, as a prerequisiteto the country’s progress in other areas, there is a need for strategicplanning and creating scientific capacities. Today’s world is facinga rapid growth and development in science and technology, anduniversities and higher education centers have an important rolein the society’s development and progress in the areas of humanresources training, science and technology production, andsolving different problems. Considering the Iran’s health scientificroad map and communication of innovation and reform plans, andsince universities are required to identify the areas of authority,this study was conducted to determine the challenges of scientificauthority promotion and proper courses of action. In this study, content analysis was used as a qualitativeresearch method. The triangulation method was applied for datacollection. Purposive sampling was done to select the participantsfor focused group discussion and data collection continued untildata saturation was achieved. The participants were 19 highereducation experts and MOHME policymakers. The ATLAS.tisoftware version 5.2 was used for analysis of data. The results of the analysis of transcripts obtained fromFGD with higher education experts and MOHME policymakersshowed 4 themes, 10 categories and 43 sub-categories. The resultingthemes included: “Experienced perceptions of scientific authority”,“Requirements of scientific authority”, “Challenges of scientificauthority”, and “Strategies for promoting scientific authority”. Universities and governmental sectors do notrepresent all the capacities, and there are much more capacitiesthat can be exploited with participation of different sectorsand institutions, especially inter-sectoral and inter-universitycollaborations. Many advances in new sciences have occurredin interdisciplinary majors, and these collaborations help to takesolid steps towards scientific authority.

Background & Blended learning is the thoughtful integration of e-learning and face-to-face learning, which has been accepted in the field of medical education. Given the importance and complexity of this novel educational system, this study aimed to recognize and gain an in-depth understanding of the factors and dimensions affecting the effectiveness of blended learning based on the experiences of stakeholders in this area. In this qualitative research, content analysis approach was applied. Subjects included seven faculty members of Iran University of Medical Sciences with a history of teaching through virtual education systems for a minimum of two years and eight MSc students in medical disciplines, selected by convenience sampling. Data analysis was performed applying the seven-step Colaizzi method. In this study, five categories, including student capabilities, teacher competencies, technical aspects, pedagogical field, and supportive environment, and 40 subcategories were obtained. The importance of teaching-learning and increasing demand for access to education from one hand and emphasis on the effectiveness of education from the other hand are among the major challenges of all educational systems. According to the results of the study, the desirable position of this type of training could be found by the fundamental review of acceptance of students and professors and providing the necessary technical facilities.

The purpose of this study was to review the importance of cardiac rehabilitation and physical activity training in the second phase of rehabilitation.

Cardiac rehabilitation is defined as a comprehensive long-term program consisting of medical assessment, exercise program administration, correction of cardiovascular risk factors, training and counseling. Familiarizing nurses with the area of ​​cardiac rehabilitation and providing necessary education to patients will have a significant effect on reducing complications and improving quality of life.

This review study was carried out by library and internet searches in the years 2018-2019 using the keywords “coronary artery bypass graft surgery”, “adherence to treatment”, “cardiovascular disease”, “physical activity”, “exercises at home”, “cardiac rehabilitation” and their Persian equivalents. The search was carried out in databases, search engines PubMed, SID, MagIran, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, OVID, Google Scholar, Up-to-date, and Scopus without time limit. A total of 51 articles were found in relation to the subject under study, of which, 4 articles were excluded because of duplication and 10 articles were excluded because their full texts were not available. Finally, 37 articles were included in the study.

The role of the nurse in training cardiac patients for rehabilitation is of great importance. By educating patients about the principles of rehabilitation for prevention and management of complications, an important role can be played in improving the quality of life of patients and increasing their survival.

Nurses' acquaintance with the principles of cardiac rehabilitation is of particular importance. It is suggested that nurses consider rehabilitation education as one of the supportive therapeutic and preventive approaches and should always be familiar with the latest guidelines in this area.

A universal challenge in the development of medical training methods is the description and characteristics of a good physician. It is essential to collect the information of hospitalized patients and their families in order to revise the curricula of medical departments. The present study aimed to explain the viewpoints of patients and their families about the key characteristics of a good physician. The present study was carried out using inductive content analysis in 2017. The study sample consisted of patients admitted to different wards of Imam Khomeini Hospital (Tehran, Iran), as well as family members accompanying the patients. Data were collected via purposeful sampling (maximum variation sampling) by conducting semi-structured interviews until reaching data saturation. After the recorded interviews were transcribed, they were reviewed several times and analyzed using Elo and Kyngas coding system. A total of 19 participants, including 13 patients and six accompanying family members, were recruited in the present study (11 males and 8 females). The analysis of interviews with the participants indicated seven major categories: “Positive personality traits”; “academic and clinical proficiency”; “professionalism”; “effective communication skills”; “fairness and altruism”; “spirituality”; and “continuous professional development”. The definition of a good physician by patients and their families has different implications in educational programs, as future physicians not only can benefit from education about the medical needs of their patients, but also should be familiar with the needs, fears, and concerns of their patients.

Attendance at conferences is considered as a professional necessity for most of the researchers and scientists. Currently, no study has been conducted in Iran to evaluate the pros and cons of attending to the medical international conferences. The aim of this study was to determine the problems and consequences of attendance at conference, as well as its academic benefits and scientific-professional promotions.
This mixed-method study was conducted on faculty member's of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences attending to International conferences between January 2014 and 2015 in in two separate and sequential phases. The first phase was a qualitative approach, content thematic analysis, that was conducted through purposeful sampling based on literature review and interview with key informants’ faculty members.The second phase, the quantitative one, was conducted by an electronic questionnaire to collect faculty members’ viewpoints for improving the process.
Based on the first phase results, four main themes were indicated to be important in the attendance process: 1 & 2) problems and consequences of the attendance process; 3) scientific and professional promotion due to the attendance; and 4) usefulness and academic benefits. Scientific level of conferences (15.0%) and transport and accommodation (28.0%) were the most prevalent problems and consequences, respectively; whereas familiarity with new topics and ideas (20.0%) was for the promotion one.
According to the quantitative phase results, it seems that International conferences were considered very important for professional developments; however, the problems and consequences of attending to these events overcome to its benefits.

Background and In education of medical science courses, there has been a growing orientation towards replacing traditional teaching in with E-learning education. Since the modern system of education is based on self-directed learning, e-learning requires special powers to deal with new-emerging challenges and professionally encounter the learning environment. The purpose of the present research is to explain and provide a conceptual model for professional competency in this system.
In this review, different internet and library resources, indexed in Scirus, Pre Quest, Scopus, IEEE, SID, Magiran, Eric, Taylor and Francis, and Google Scholar from 1990 to 2015 were searched using the following keywords: function, manner, ethics, conduct disposition, netiquette, values, academic fraud, moral professionalism, and behavior ine-learning in combination and separately. The Critical Review methodology and Carnwell and Randolph structures were used. The most recent and richest resources that were more relevant to the issue were selected and their information was extracted.
Among review of 98 articles, documents of 34 relevant and valid articles were extracted. Based on the results, Digital Literacy, study skills, Cyber Ethics, and Netiquette were considered the main components of scientific and ethical competency in e-learning. 40 components were included in these dimensions.
Although there is general interest in e-learning, the target population (learners) are not prepared to use such an environment and require strong support. In this paper, we provided a summarized scheme and conceptual pattern fore-learners to move towards promotion of learning.