جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بافت فرسوده » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

The results of implementing regeneration policies in the field of organizing deteriorated fabrics have necessitated the need to assess its sustainability. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the sustainability of regeneration of urban deteriorated fabrics and assess it in Abkooh neighborhood. First, through library studies and application of content analysis method, the initial theoretical model of the research was developed, then Delphi technique was used to validate it. Thus, 32 indicators for assessing the sustainability of urban regeneration in five components, including economic, physical, activity-service, socio-cultural and environmental were obtained. In the next step, sustainability assessment indicators were analyzed and evaluated by survey method in the study area. The present study population consisted of all residents of Abkooh neighborhood, which 355 people were selected by simple random sampling as the research sample. The results show that in the process of regenerating the deteriorated fabric of Abkooh neighborhood, all components of sustainability are in their unstable conditions, which the socio-cultural, economic, physical, activity-service and environmental components have the highest to lowest instability, respectively. Also, the indicators of achieving stability in the process of regenerating the deteriorated fabric of Abkooh were evaluated and prioritized, including the indicators of "maintaining the balance of the housing market" in the economic component, "permeability" in the physical component, "land use compatibility" in the activity-service component, "participation" in the socio-cultural component and "access to green space" in the environmental component have the highest priority.

Background of the topic:

 urban space is not a soulless space like surrounded buildings, but living in a city with a variety of values ​​and ideas has attracted people from other places, with the physical and population expansion of cities, the number of crimes has also increased, which is one of the consequences. It is the urban anomalies of drug use and buying and selling crimes. Suitable urban furniture and use of city space will have a significant effect in this process.

In terms of the purpose of this research, it is applied, which was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method based on library information, official statistics, and the case of the case. The method of collecting data and information is the method of using statistics and official documents and visiting the places in person. Statistical Society In this research, the number of 491 judicial cases filed in the Anti-Narcotics Police of Lorestan Police Command regarding the crime of buying and selling drugs in Khorramabad city has been studied.

The results of the surveys conducted and the analyzes presented in connection with the distribution of the occurrence of petty crimes and the purchase, sale and consumption of drugs in different areas of Khorramabad city, it can be said that the necessity of optimizing urban furniture according to the textural characteristics of this city can increase while expanding the beauty of the city. The security factor and reducing the opportunity to commit crimes and increasing supervision will help

Natural disasters are a major challenge in achieving urban resilience, sustainable development and crisis management. Crisis management is the process of preventing a crisis or minimizing its effects when it occurs. One of the cities in Iran that is involved in the problem of natural disasters is Bandar Abbas. The main purpose of this study is crisis management in order to reduce accidents and natural damage in the dilapidated fabric of Bandar Abbas from the perspective of urban sociology. This research was applied based on the nature of the research. The research method was documentary-library and the analysis method was descriptive. Based on the obtained results, the suitable location of this city in relation to the coastline and the ongoing studies of reconstruction projects are among the opportunities available in the city of Bandar Abbas. In marginal and dilapidated urban contexts, lack of proper facilities, non-implementation of the administrative council at the macro level, public and non-transparent implementation of projects prepared for citizens and low level of health and lack of service facilities, important threats for accidents and the natural damages of Bandar Abbas are considered

The potentials of housing provision in deteriorated urban zones as part of the Iranian government’s national housing programs (e.g., national housing initiative and now national housing movement) has attracted the attention of policymakers. Yet, little action has been taken so for to realize such potentials. The Tehran Municipality has however implemented a “home exchange” initiative in the past as part of its renovation program in the city’s deteriorated zones—entailing the voluntary relocation of owners of dilapidated housing units to replacement homes. This activity appears to constitute the only experience of housing provision in deteriorated zones involving the local government. Its assessment against some adequate housing criteria could arguably benefit the formulation and implementation of future housing initiatives in deteriorated urban zones. In this study, the “home exchange” experiences associated with two of Tehran’s neighborhoods—Atabak and Minabi—are analyzed.

A qualitative approach was employed for the analysis and data were collected through observations and interviews with three groups of stakeholders—local residents, public sector, and private sector—as well as a review of documents. A total of 30 interviews were conducted. The investigation relied on a set of adequate housing criteria, which included construction quality, cultural compatibility, inclusiveness, affordability, and adequacy of access to infrastructure and services. Based on these, separate interview themes were prepared for different stakeholders.

Findings indicate that the housing initiatives carried out under the auspices of Tehran Municipality in the studied neighborhoods’ deteriorated zones have been successful in meeting some of the adequate housing criteria. These specifically include ensuring an acceptable level of construction quality and incorporating some cultural considerations in the initiatives. However, the activities have failed achieve any reasonable level of inclusiveness. Furthermore, providing quality housing for a section of the society has taken place at the expense of reduced levels of services/infrastructure or diminished housing affordability for vulnerable groups. Finally, public-private partnership between Tehran Municipality Renovation Organization and housing corporations for the purpose of carrying out large-scale projects has met failure due to their lack of economic justification. In contrast, many of the small-scale projects have done well in securing the needed investment and being completed in an acceptable manner.

Findings highlight the importance of participation by the local community and the private sector in the provision of adequate housing in deteriorated urban zones. To enhance the participation process, it is necessary to clearly identify the role of and the benefits accrued to each stakeholder and make maximum use of the potential resources of the responsible agency along with the housing corporations. There is also a need for public-sector investment in the provision of services/infrastructure and supervision over private-sector performance. Of further note is that the scarcity or inadequacy of housing finance, especially for low-income groups and current renters, is a major issue that precludes inclusiveness of the activities.

The worn-out textures of the city are a combination of special opportunities and critical conditions. which has become one of the most complex problems for city management and even the government today. The opportunities and potentials of the dilapidated fabric can be the beginning of development, it can be turned into the economic, managerial and even social capacities of the city, their critical conditions in terms of instability, lack of proper access, environmental issues and problems and... It is noteworthy. Due to the poverty of the residents and their owners, dilapidated structures do not have the possibility of spontaneous renovation and need comprehensive intervention in terms of economic, cultural, physical, environmental, etc., which can be a platform for improving the quality of life by reviving the dilapidated tissue.in the same areas and for the people based in it. Forming a safe and favorable environment for the life of citizens is one of the goals of sustainable urban development. The southeast edge of Tehran is one of the factors of the city's lack of development, and to solve it, these areas must be improved. The type of research was descriptive and survey and the methods of collecting information were library and questionnaire. To complete the questionnaire, 100 samples were randomly selected and the data was analyzed by SPSS and SOWT software. The results of this research indicate that with the policy of improving the tissues along with the sustainable participation of the residents, the worn-out tissues of the roads will be transformed into a dynamic and sustainable environment.

The management and administration of the old and dilapidated areas of the cities has been in the focus of different approaches and approaches of urban management. The aim of the article is to investigate the impact of the opportunities and challenges of the twelve old neighborhoods of Jahrom city on the formation of good governance in this city The theory of good governance is one of the most important people-oriented approaches and is considered a suitable solution for managing urban affairs. The research method is based on the use of SWAT technique to identify the opportunities and challenges of good governance in Jahrom city. The statistical population is the experts of Jahrom municipality, which was calculated using Cochran's formula of 79 people an analytical method was used to analyze the data. The findings of the research showed that the twelve old districts of Jahorm city have opportunities that increase the possibility of realizing the desired governance; However, despite having these capacities, these regions are involved with challenges, which are inevitable to solve in order to achieve the desired governance The intensification of the migration process of the original residents from the old contexts, the lack of a strategic development plan for the improvement and modernization of these areas, the neglect of public participation, the inadequacy of urban infrastructure and facilities for the disposal of surface water and sewage, the cheapness of housing and the amount of rent of buildings are among the factors that make it possible It has limited the revitalization of worn-out fabric and the realization of social justice for these areas The general result of the research showed that these regions have the desired capacities for the operationalization of the good governance approach, although there are also challenges and obstacles in this direction.

Urban catalyst projects are implemented in order to accelerate and facilitate the regeneration process of disorganized and disordered urban areas and are accomplished by relying on social participation and the use of local capacities. This study mainly aimed to investigate the effects and impacts of relocating public organizations to deteriorated areas in Tehran as urban catalyst projects. Thus the methodology was designed based on social impact assessment. Using documentary and field research, needed data was collected, and afterward, using different techniques such as comparative analysis, the changes derived from the intervention in different variables and impacts on stakeholders were evaluated. In addition to literature review, reports from several similar urban projects were also studied. Related officials, urban managers, elites and local social actors which were selected by targeted sampling method, were also interviewed and the interviews continued to reach a theoretical saturation. Based on all the data, the impacts on various aspects including social (changes in population density, social control, safety, social conflicts, female presence and participation, migration and gentrification, quality of life, etc.), physical (infrastructures, traffic, deterioration, urban landscape, etc.), economic (property prices, job creation, local businesses, investment, etc.) and environmental subjects were explained. In the end for managing the impacts, the network of different institutions and organizations which should be responsible for this interventions are identified and then related solutions are provided to increase the positive effects and to reduce negative ones. Keywords: Social Impact Assessment, Deteriorated Area, Urban Catalyst Project, Relocation of Public Organizations, City of Tehran.

One of the controversial, critical and hitherto disastrous phenomena of urban, worn-out texture and its associated challenges and problems, as well as the concerns of city management in this field, is the present study. The people are in charge of organizing the worn-out urban fabric in the Ardebil area.

In terms of data collection method is field research and in terms of data collection is survey method. The sample size calculated by Cochranchr('39')s formula was 384 persons, which was upgraded to 400 persons with the aim of covering any possible errors. The sampling method is simple random. Finally, Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance, t-test and regression model in the form of Spss statistical software and GIS software were used to analyze the collected data.

According to the results of the research, the highest beta coefficient was related to trust in urban managers (0.76) and socio-economic base (0.13). Therefore, among the variables studied, the greatest impact on citizenschr('39') participation in the organization of worn-out fabrics, belongs to the trust of urban managers.

Trust in city managers, increasing the level of education and awareness of citizens, housing ownership and length of stay in an area, are among the effective factors in citizen participation that by adopting comprehensive awareness measures and programs and raising its level by mass media, especially radio and television, can be increased participation employed. Finally, some suggestions are presented according to the research results.

One of the factors that has a significant impact on occurrence of crimes is the high crime-potential places where criminals prefer for their criminal activities. Distressed and old urban areas provide higher opportunities for crime since their physical and structural limitations and problems limit police’s official access and control. The goal of this research is to investigate disciplinary crime prevention management activities on crime reduction in urban distressed and old areas.

This research uses a descriptive-analytic method. Using purposive sampling method, a survey was conducted among a sample of 58 police and urban experts and managers in Birjand. Validity of the survey was obtained by expert opinions and Cronbach’s Alpha was used for reliability. SPSS Version 22 was used for descriptive analyses and statistical tests.

Results indicate that disciplinary crime prevention management has a significant impact on crime reduction in the distressed and old areas of Birjand. Situational prevention, social prevention, police patrols, and clearing the crime hotspots are factors that are effective on crime reduction in the distressed urban areas of Birjand.

Proper implementation of disciplinary crime prevention management can be effective in reducing crime in distressed and old urban areas.

Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used.

Some characteristics of dilapidated fabric such as land ownership type, residential and social space, low price of lands, etc. have become a cause for attraction and settlement of immigrants in such areas. Failure or prolongation of many intervention plans and consequently failure of future plans are results of this issue. This research was conducted to investigate effectiveness of immigrant residents on implementation of urban plans.This study is descriptive-analytical and provides an analytical model by explaining two concepts of dilapidated urban fabric and immigrants residing within. In order to evaluate the questionnaire in terms of validity and reliability, statistical analysis tools of SPSS software were used. Also, qualitative and quantitative statistical decision-making techniques were employed for analyzing the data.The three dilapidated area surveyed in this study are located in the city of Esfahan and are considered as marginal areas of this historical city having three distinguished population structures made up from immigrants from other countries, other provinces or within the province. Therefore, given their cultural, social, ethnic and physical differences, these three areas were selected as case studies for investigating and explaining the effectiveness of immigrant residents and implementation of intervention plans in dilapidated urban areas.In the present research, stratified simple random sampling was selected and employed from various sampling methods. The number of questionnaire samples were 226 people from Ghaemiyeh Neighborhood, 60 people from Zeynabiyeh Neighborhood, and 70 people from Hemmat Abad Neighborhood. The result showed that: the more immigrants from within a province, the higher effectiveness of urban collaborative plans; which means there is a significant relationship between status variables of immigrants residing within the dilapidated area and implementation of urban plans.

Border provinces play a vital role in development and security. One of the manifestations of instability and insecurity in cities is inefficient and worn-out neighborhoods in urban areas. Many of these dysfunctional neighborhoods in historically ancient cities that were once vibrant, attractive, and high-quality have declined in urban, economic, and cultural life for various reasons and have thus lost their charm and quality. Simultaneously with the above issues, paying attention to the old and worn-out textures and eliminating their instability has become a serious and central issue in cities. But in today's world, chaos, rapid change, constant and the emergence of new problems have made planning and policy-making in this area heal the issues on a temporary and short-term basis. In the border city of Urmia, the policies of improvement and modernization applied are mainly coercive, and economy-oriented policies, which have not been very systematic and forward-looking, and therefore have not been very successful in implementation. Therefore, solving these problems will not be possible except by thinking of macro measures and adopting new approaches. Accordingly, in this research, with the futures studies approach, the most important drivers affecting the regeneration of the worn-out textures of Urmia and the development of possible scenarios have been done. Based on the Mick Mac software analysis, out of 46 initial factors, 15 factors have been identified as effective critical drivers. Also, based on the script wizard software, five strong scenarios, 21 plausible scenarios, and 920 weak scenarios have been obtained. From these three categories of scenarios, by performing the validity of the scenarios, plausible scenarios have been introduced as the most probable one for the worn-out texture of Urmia.

The old textures of cities are the beating heart And have been an important factor in the prosperity of cities in different historical periods, But now in the complex system of the city, they are facing certain structural and functional problems and obstacles called wear and tear and inefficiency. Their elimination is essential for the dynamism of tissues and the stability of as many cities as. In this framework, the present study has been conducted with the aim of explaining the importance / performance of key factors in the regeneration of worn-out tissues in Zanjan with an emphasis on stakeholders, To analyze the micmac software to examine the performance of indicators and extract key factors, mactor software to examine the role and performance of stakeholders (citizens, businesses, local communities and city managers) and finally the IPA model for Assessing the importance / performance of key regeneration factors have been used. The results showed that 12 indicators have played a key role in regenerating the worn-out tissues of the city. Meanwhile, urban management institutions as the main actor has had the greatest impact, competitiveness, mobilizing power in recreating With the consensus of other actors, the greatest emphasis has been on citizen participation in recreation. Finally, the IPA results called for the first priority and focus on increasing citizen participation, attractive historical monuments and improving welfare-residential services. It also emphasizes the continuation of processes to reduce pollution, improve revenues, improve recreational facilities, adapt land uses, improve belonging.

< p >More than four decades have passed since the preparation and implementation of urban plans for the purpose of organizing the urban space, despite all the measures taken, evaluations show that these plans have failed to achieve their goals. One of the main problems of urban plans is the lack of attention to the issue of citizens'' rights. The right to the city is a human right that includes the city belonging to the citizens and their participation in urban affairs. Belonging to the city is possible by moving in the city, being in it, feeling calm and having suitable spaces for yourself. The purpose of this article is to study the pathology of urban plans from the perspective of the right to the city. In this research, a qualitative method has been used to achieve the main objectives. In order to collect data, interview and observation techniques were used and data analysis was performed by thematic analysis. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with twenty people. The results of this study show that the two projects implemented in Beryank neighborhood, not only have no proportion to the components of the right to the city, but are based on policies of dispossession, in which under the pretext of providing public services and renovation take the land out of the hands of the local community and reintegrate it into a more valuable market space.

A literature review of urban regeneration theories and the trend of its development, especially with the emphasis on the procedural dimension and institutional aspects of these approaches, in the case of global experiences, shows a change in attitude and actors involved in this process. The purpose of this study is to design a top levels model for the urban regeneration management process based on the urban regeneration governance approach. A qualitative method (meta-synthesis) was used to answer the research question. The 7-step meta-synthesis based on Sandelowski & Barroso model was performed. During the research process and selection of entry and exit protocols, from 9189 identified documents (paper. report.book.etc), finally, 46 documents were analyzed using latent content analysis strategy, and 57 initial codes, 14 concepts, and 5 categories were extracted. Then, to calculate the reliability of the codes, the kappa coefficient formula was used, the value was calculated 0.787. Shannon's entropy formula was also used to prioritize the research codes. Finally, after completing the research steps based on the integrated approach of the PCF framework, The Golden Cycle, Porter Value Chain, and 8 urban regeneration Governance, the framework was designed.

Today, societies and individuals are becoming increasingly vulnerable and risks have increased. Therefore, trying to get back to the initial conditions as soon as possible makes the role of Resilience much more important. On the other hand, the course of evolution over time shows that, despite all the constraints and limitations which human beings encountered in the past, they provided context for collective participation, responsibility and sacrifice with their sense of belonging and attachment to the place. This is an applied research that attempts to identify indicators and factors affecting Social Resilience and Sense of Place Attachment and evaluate their extent in three Neighborhoods (including the distressed texture, informal, and modern texture) in Hamedan using descriptive-analytic method. To this end, indicators and factors affecting Sense of Place Attachment and Social Resilience were extracted through library studies in the first step. Then, Structural Equation Modeling by AMOS16 and SPSS18 software was employed to investigate the relationship between Sense of Place Attachment and Social Resilience. The results indicated that there is a direct and causal relationship between the two mentioned variables; the impact factors in Aghajani-Beyg, Hasare-Imam, and Motekhassesin neighborhoods were 0.88, 0.74, and 0.77 respectively. Hence, it can be deduced that the impact of sense of place attachment on social Resilience is different in urban neighborhoods considering the fact that the impact extent is stronger in Aghajani-Beyg neighborhood in comparison to the other two neighborhoods.

Lack of attention to the quality of the concept of development by urban management and turning to the quantitative solutions that are often replacing the concept of growth with development, have created problems for today's cities. These problems include physical expansion, increased urban transportation costs, increased infrastructure maintenance, and increased per capita service costs. However, there is often space for development within urban boundaries, and one of the appropriate development options is to utilize the endogenous development approach. In the meantime, it is important to consider the factors that can support endogenous development strategies and policies. Social participation, given its nature, can support endogenous development as one of the most effective ways. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the endogenous development theory in the worn-out texture of the city with the approach of promoting social participation. The research method is descriptive-analytical and according to the nature of the research the required data were collected through documentary and field studies (questionnaire, interview, and observation). The maps required for the research were prepared in Arc Map environment and the analysis of the maps data and output maps were carried out in GIS. The statistical population consisted of 124 people living in the area under study who were selected through random sampling and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Finally, some strategies have been suggested to improve the social participation index of the worn-out texture of Sarakhs based on endogenous development theory.

Earthquakes are one of the hazards that always threaten the environment of cities. One of the best ways to mitigate in natural hazards is prevention. The city of Bojnourd, the capital in Northern Khorasan province in northeastern Iran, with a population of 211,000 people, is located between the two sedimentary-structural areas in Kopeh Dagh, Hezar Masjed and Aladagh-Binalood, which is considered as one of the most dangerous areas in terms of seismicity. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The information used was collected through documentary and library methods and then, according to experts, the indicators affecting the sustainability of the city were identified. Hierarchical analysis (AHP) method has been used to measure the weight of the criteria. In this study, identification of fault lines and their distances from the urban area, long-term seismological studies of seismic centers of the region, seismic hazard zoning map, combination of this map with worn and unofficial tissue map and final map output through fuzzy logic in ARC GIS to assess seismic risk. According to the final map, the seismic hazard assessment in Bojnourd city it seems that the central core of the city and part of the south of the city exposing with quite high risk which is about 40%. Marginal area of the city is exposing with high risk which is about 35%. Rural areas surrounding the city are exposing with medium and low level of risk which is 5.11%. Therefore, it can be concluded that 75% of the land uses and populations in Bojnourd city are exposing with high and quite high level of earthquake risks.

One of the problems of large cities, especially in the area of worn-out texture and their marginal texture, is the problem of security and sense of security. This has negatively affected the quality of life of citizens in these areas. On the other hand, in recent years, research has shown that social capital is one of the factors contributing to increasing citizens' sense of security. In this regard, the present study seeks to investigate the impact of social capital on the sense of security of the worn-out texture's residents of Tehran in District 12.

In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type, and in terms of methodology it is considered as descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study was residents of district 12 of Tehran. The sample size was obtained using Cochran's formula as 384. SPSS software was used for data analysis.

Research has shown that there is a significant relationship between social capital and citizens' sense of security in the worn-out texture (sig. = 0.000). In addition, social participation with a coefficient of 0.314 and social trust with a coefficient of 0.264 had the highest impact on the sense of social security.

According to the results of the study, by increasing social capital in worn-out textures can help increase security and a sense of security in these areas. They have the greatest impact on increasing the sense of security. Also among the indicators of social capital, social participation, social trust and social relationships can have the highest impact on increasing the sense of security.

The phenomenon of urbanism has caused cities to adopt a new spatial arrangement and old, deteriorated urban textures receive less attentions than before. This lack of attention brings several socio-economic and environmental issues for these textures and make them to convert to deteriorated urban texture. Therefore, todays detecting deteriorated urban texture is the primary step for modern planning. Proposing an integrated spatial index is the novelty of the research to determine the level of deteriorated urban texture in an study area. Indeed, this index consists of a set of spatial criteria such as graining, age of building, and permeability, that are calculated through geographical information systems. Among these criteria, permeability needs more notice in modeling compared to previous works. Thus, in this research based on accessibility, street crossing, and traffic indicators are utilize to evaluate permeability efficiently. In the next step, these criteria are combined based on the opinions of experts and with the help of multi-criteria decision making to create an integrated spatial index. Finally, in order to show the results of this index, the values for deterioration has been illustrated in 5 class from very low to very high deterioration at neighborhood scale of Tehran's 7th region. Comparison of the results of the index with the reference data, ameliorated activities as well as with field surveys, shows the high verification of the proposed index.